Long-term PM2.5 exposure and neurological hospital admissions in the northeastern United States

Environmental Health Perspectives

Volumn 124, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 23-29

  Kioumourtzoglou, Marianthi Anna ^a   Schwartz, Joel D ^a   Weisskopf, Marc G ^a   Melly, Steven J ^a   Wang, Yun ^a   Dominici, Francesca ^a   Zanobetti, Antonella ^a  

^a HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AGED; AIR POLLUTION; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ARTICLE; DEMENTIA; FEMALE; HAZARD RATIO; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; LONG TERM EXPOSURE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NERVE DEGENERATION; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PARKINSON DISEASE; PARTICULATE MATTER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PUBLIC HEALTH; RISK FACTOR; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; SOCIAL STATUS; UNITED STATES; MIDDLE AGED; NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA; TOXICITY;

PARTICULATE MATTER;

AGED; FEMALE; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; NEW ENGLAND; PARTICULATE MATTER; UNITED STATES;

EID: 84952690806     PISSN: 00916765     EISSN: 15529924     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1408973     Document Type: Article

References (71)

1. Adar SD, Klein R, Klein BE, Szpiro AA, Cotch MF, Wong TY, et al. 2010. Air pollution and the microvas-culature: a cross-sectional assessment of in vivo retinal images in the population-based Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). PLoS Med 7(11):e1000372; doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000372.
2. Alzheimer’s Association. 2013. 2013 Alzheimer’s disease facts and figures. Alzheimers Dement 9(2):208–245.
3. Andersen PK, Gill RD. 1982. Cox’s regression model counting process: a large sample study. Ann Stat 10:1100–1120.
4. Beelen R, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Stafoggia M, Andersen ZJ, Weinmayr G, Hoffmann B, et al. 2014. Effects of long-term exposure to air pollu-tion on natural-cause mortality: an analysis of 22 European cohorts within the multicentre ESCAPE project. Lancet 383:785–795.
5. Berkey CS, Hoaglin DC, Antczak-Bouckoms A, Mosteller F, Colditz GA. 1998. Meta-analysis of multiple outcomes by regression with random effects. Stat Med 17:2537–2550.
6. Blennow K, de Leon MJ, Zetterberg H. 2006. Alzheimer’s disease. Lancet 368:387–403.
7. Block M, Calderón-Garcidueñas L. 2009. Air pollu-tion: mechanisms of neuroinflammation and CNS disease. Trends Neurosci 32(9):506–516.
8. Block M, Elder A, Auten R, Bilbo S, Chen H, Chen JC, et al. 2012. The outdoor air pollution and brain health workshop. Neurotoxicology 33(5):972–984.
9. Block M, Zecca L, Hong, JS. 2007. Microglia-mediated neurotoxicity: uncovering the molecular mecha-nisms. Nat Rev Neurosci 8(1):57–69.
10. Bonda D, Wang X, Perry G, Nunomura A, Tabaton M, Zhu X, et al. 2010. Oxidative stress in Alzheimer disease: a possibility for prevention. Neuropharmacology 59(4):290–294.
11. Calderón-Garcidueñas L, Franco-Lira M, Mora-Tiscareño A, Medina-Cortina H, Torres-Jardón R, Kavanaugh M. 2013. Early Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease pathology in urban children: friend versus foe responses—it is time to face the evidence. BioMed Res Int 2013:161687; doi:10.1155/2013/161687.
12. Calderón-Garcidueñas L, Mora-Tiscareño A, Ontiveros E, Gómez-Garza G, Barragán-Mejía G, Broadway J, et al. 2008a. Air pollution, cognitive deficits and brain abnormalities: a pilot study with children and dogs. Brain Cogn 68(2):117–127.
13. Calderón-Garcidueñas L, Solt A, Henríquez-Roldán C, Torres-Jardón R, Nuse B, Herritt, L, et al. 2008b. Long-term air pollution exposure is associated with neuroinflammation, an altered innate immune response, disruption of the blood-brain barrier, ultrafine particulate deposition, and accumulation of amyloid β-42 and α-synuclein in children and young adults. Toxicol Pathol 36(2):289–310.
14. Chuang KJ, Chan CC, Su TC, Lee CT, Tang CS. 2007. The effect of urban air pollution on inflammation, oxidative stress, coagulation, and autonomic dysfunction in young adults. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 176(4):370–376.
15. Cunningham C, Campion S, Lunnon K, Murray CL, Woods JF, Deacon RM, et al. 2009. Systemic inflammation induces acute behavioral and cogni-tive changes and accelerates neurodegenerative disease. Biol Psychiatry 65(4):304–312.
16. Cunningham C, Wilcockson DC, Campion S, Lunnon K, Perry VH. 2005. Central and systemic endotoxin chal-lenges exacerbate the local inflammatory response and increase neuronal death during chronic neuro-degeneration. J Neurosci 25(40):9275–9284.
17. Dominici F, Peng RD, Bell ML, Pham M, McDermott A, Zeger SL, et al. 2006. Fine particulate air pollution and hospital admission for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. JAMA 295:1127–1134.
18. Dubowsky SD, Suh H, Schwartz J, Coull BA, Gold DR. 2006. Diabetes, obesity, and hypertension may enhance associations between air pollution and markers of systemic inflammation. Environ Health Perspect 114:992–998; doi:10.1289/ehp.8469.
19. Eftim SE, Samet JM, Janes H, McDermott A, Dominici F. 2008. Fine particulate matter and mortality: a comparison of the Six Cities and American Cancer Society cohorts with a Medicare cohort. Epidemiology 19(2):209–216.
20. Finkelstein MM, Jerrett M. 2007. A study of the relationships between Parkinson’s disease and markers of traffic-derived and environmental manganese air pollution in two Canadian cities. Environ Res 104(3):420–432.
21. Foraster M, Basagaña X, Aguilera I, Rivera M, Agis D, Bouso L, et al. 2014. Association of long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution with blood pressure and hypertension in an adult population–based cohort in Spain (the REGICOR study). Environ Health Perspect 122:404–411; doi:10.1289/ehp.1306497.
22. Gatto NM, Henderson VW, Hodis HN, St John JA, Lurmann F, Chen JC, et al. 2014. Components of air pollution and cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults in Los Angeles. Neurotoxicology 40:1–7.
23. Goldstein FC, Levey AI, Steenland NK. 2013. High blood pressure and cognitive decline in mild cognitive impairment. J Am Geriatr Soc 61(1):67–73.
24. Greven S, Dominici F, Zeger S. 2011. An approach to the estimation of chronic air pollution effects using spatio-temporal information. J Am Stat Assoc 106(494):396–406.
25. Hamra GB, Guha N, Cohen A, Laden F, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Samet JM, et al. 2014. Outdoor particu-late matter exposure and lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Environ Health Perspect 122:906–911; doi:10.1289/ehp.1408092.
26. Hoffmann B, Moebus S, Dragano N, Stang A, Möhlenkamp S, Schmermund A, et al. 2009. Chronic residential exposure to particulate matter air pollution and systemic inflammatory markers. Environ Health Perspect 117:1302–1308; doi:10.1289/ehp.0800362.
27. Holmes C, Cunningham C, Zotova E, Woolford J, Dean C, Kerr S, et al. 2009. Systemic inflammation and disease progression in Alzheimer disease. Neurology 73(10):768–774.
28. Huang X, Moir RD, Tanzi RE, Bush AI, Rogers JT. 2004. Redox-active metals, oxidative stress, and Alzheimer’s disease pathology. Ann NY Acad Sci 1012(1):153–163.
29. Kannus P, Parkkari J, Sievänen H, Heinonen A, Vuori I, Järvinen M. 1996. Epidemiology of hip fractures. Bone 18(1 suppl):57S–63S.
30. Kim JY, Mukherjee S, Ngo LC, Christiani DC. 2004. Urinary 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage in workers exposed to fine particulates. Environ Health Perspect 112:666–671; doi:10.1289/ehp.6827.
31. Kioumourtzoglou MA, Austin E, Koutrakis P, Dominici F, Schwartz J, Zanobetti A. 2015. PM2.5 and survival among older adults: effect modification by particu-late composition. Epidemiology 26(3):321–327.
32. Kioumourtzoglou MA, Coull BA, Dominici F, Koutrakis P, Schwartz J, Suh H. 2014a. The impact of source contribution uncertainty on the effects of source-specific PM2.5 on hospital admissions: a case study in Boston, MA. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 24:365–371.
33. Kioumourtzoglou MA, Spiegelman D, Szpiro AA, Sheppard L, Kaufman JD, Yanosky JD, et al. 2014b. Exposure measurement error in PM2.5 health effects studies: a pooled analysis of eight personal exposure validation studies. Environ Health 13(1):2; doi:10.1186/1476-069X-13-2.
34. Krewski D, Jerrett M, Burnett RT, Ma R, Hughes E, Shi Y, et al. 2009. Extended follow-up and spatial analysis of the American Cancer Society study linking particulate air pollution and mortality. Res Rep Health Eff Inst 140:5–114.
35. Lall R, Ito K, Thurston GD. 2011. Distributed lag analyses of daily hospital admissions and source appor-tioned fine particle air pollution. Environ Health Perspect 119:455–460; doi:10.1289/ehp.1002638.
36. Li J, Wang YJ, Zhang M, Xu ZQ, Gao CY, Fang CQ, et al. 2011. Vascular risk factors promote conversion from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer disease. Neurology 76(17):1485–1491.
37. Li N, Sioutas C, Cho A, Schmitz D, Misra C, Sempf J, et al. 2003. Ultrafine particulate pollutants induce oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage. Environ Health Perspect 111:455–460.
38. Madrigano J, Baccarelli A, Wright RO, Suh H, Sparrow D, Vokonas PS, et al. 2010. Air pollution, obesity, genes, and cellular adhesion molecules. Occup Environ Med 67(5):312–317.
39. Maragakis NJ, Rothstein JD. 2006. Mechanisms of disease: astrocytes in neurodegenerative disease. Nat Clin Pract Neurol 2(12):679–689.
40. McGeer PL, McGeer EG. 2004. Inflammation and neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 10(suppl 1):S3–S7.
41. Melton LJ III. 1996. Epidemiology of hip fractures: implications of the exponential increase with age. Bone 18(3 suppl):121S–125S.
42. Oulhaj A, Refsum H, Beaumont H, Williams J, King E, Jacoby R, et al. 2010. Homocysteine as a predictor of cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 25(1):82–90.
43. Palacios N, Fitzgerald K, Roberts AL, Hart JE, Weisskopf MG, Schwarzschild MA, et al. 2014. A prospective analysis of airborne metal expo-sures and risk of Parkinson disease in the Nurses Health Study cohort. Environ Health Perspect 122:933–938; doi:10.1289/ehp.1307218.
44. Power MC, Weisskopf MG, Alexeeff SE, Coull BA, Spiro A III, Schwartz J. 2011. Traffic-related air pollution and cognitive function in a cohort of older men. Environ Health Perspect 119:682–687; doi:10.1289/ehp.1002767.
45. Puett RC, Hart JE, Yanosky JD, Paciorek C, Schwartz J, Suh H, et al. 2009. Chronic fine and coarse particu-late exposure, mortality, and coronary heart disease in the Nurses Health Study. Environ Health Perspect 117:1697–1701; doi:10.1289/ehp.0900572.
46. Qiao J, Lu WH, Wang J, Guo XJ, Qu QM. 2014. Vascular risk factors aggravate the progression of Alzheimer’s disease: a 3-year follow-up study of Chinese population. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 29(6):521–525.
47. R Core Team. 2014. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Vienna, Austria:R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Available: http://www.R-project.org [accessed 1 April 2014].
48. Ranft U, Schikowski T, Sugiri D, Krutmann J, Krämer U. 2009. Long-term exposure to traffic-related particulate matter impairs cognitive function in the elderly. Environ Res 109(8):1004–1011.
49. Regan C, Katona C, Walker Z, Hooper J, Donovan J, Livingston G. 2006. Relationship of vascular risk to the progression of Alzheimer disease. Neurology 67(8):1357–1362.
50. Ren C, Park SK, Vokonas PS, Sparrow D, Wilker E, Baccarelli A, et al. 2010. Air pollution and homo-cysteine: more evidence that oxidative stress-related genes modify effects of particulate air pollution. Epidemiology 21(2):198–206.
51. Riley RD, Higgins JP, Deeks JJ. 2011. Interpretation of random effects meta-analyses. BMJ 342:d549; doi:10.1136/bmj.d549.
52. Rückerl R, Ibald-Mulli A, Koenig W, Schneider A, Woelke G, Cyrys J, et al. 2006. Air pollution and markers of inflammation and coagulation in patients with coronary heart disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 173:432–441.
53. Samii A, Nutt JG, Ransom BR. 2004. Parkinson’s disease. Lancet 363(9423):1783–1793.
54. Seinfeld JH, Pandis SN. 2006. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: from Air Pollution to Climate Change. 2nd ed. Hoboken, NJ:Wiley-Interscience.
55. Sørensen M, Daneshvar B, Hansen M, Dragsted LO, Hertel O, Knudsen L, et al. 2003. Personal PM2.5 exposure and markers of oxidative stress in blood. Environ Health Perspect 111:161–165.
56. Stafoggia M, Cesaroni G, Peters A, Andersen ZJ, Badaloni C, Beelen R, et al. 2014. Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and incidence of cerebrovascular events: results from 11 European cohorts within the ESCAPE project. Environ Health Perspect 122:919–925; doi:10.1289/ehp.1307301.
57. Su B, Wang X, Nunomura A, Moreira PI, Lee HG, Perry G, et al. 2008. Oxidative stress signaling in Alzheimer’s disease. Curr Alzheimer Res 5(6):525–532.
58. Teeling JL, Perry VH. 2009. Systemic infection and inflammation in acute CNS injury and chronic neurodegeneration: underlying mechanisms. Neuroscience 158(3):1062–1073.
59. Tschanz JT, Corcoran CD, Schwartz S, Treiber K, Green RC, Norton MC, et al. 2011. Progression of cognitive, functional, and neuropsychiatric symptom domains in a population cohort with Alzheimer dementia: the Cache County Dementia Progression study. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 19(6):532–542.
60. U.S. Census Bureau. 2000. U.S. Census Bureau Homepage. Available: http://www.census.gov/[accessed 1 October 2013].
61. U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2013. Air Quality System (AQS) Database. Available: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/airs/airsaqs/detaildata/downloadaqsdata.htm [accessed 1 October 2013].
62. Van Den Eeden SK, Tanner CM, Bernstein AL, Fross RD, Leimpeter A, Bloch D, et al. 2003. Incidence of Parkinson’s disease: variation by age, gender, and race/ethnicity. Am J Epidemiol 157(11):1015–1022.
63. Wellenius GA, Burger MR, Coull BA, Schwartz J, Suh HH, Koutrakis P, et al. 2012. Ambient air pollu-tion and the risk of acute ischemic stroke. Arch Intern Med 172(3):229–234.
64. Wermuth L, Lassen CF, Himmerslev L, Olsen J, Ritz B. 2012. Validation of hospital register-based diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease. Dan Med J 59(3):A4391.
65. Weuve J, Puett RC, Schwartz J, Yanosky JD, Laden F, Grodstein F. 2012. Exposure to particulate air pollution and cognitive decline in older women. Arch Intern Med 172(3):219–227.
66. Willis AW, Evanoff BA, Lian M, Galarza A, Wegrzyn A, Schootman M, et al. 2010. Metal emissions and urban incident Parkinson disease: a community health study of Medicare beneficiaries by using geographic information systems. Am J Epidemiol 172(12):1357–1363.
67. Wyss-Coray T. 2006. Inflammation in Alzheimer disease: driving force, bystander or beneficial response? Nat Med 12(9):1005–1015.
68. Zanobetti A, Dominici F, Wang Y, Schwartz JD. 2014. A national case-crossover analysis of the short-term effect of PM2.5 on hospitalizations and mortality in subjects with diabetes and neurological disorders. Environ Health 13(1):38; doi:10.1186/1476-069X-13-38.
69. Zanobetti A, Schwartz J. 2009. The effect of fine and coarse particulate air pollution on mortality: a national analysis. Environ Health Perspect 117:898–903; doi:10.1289/ehp.0800108.
70. Zeger SL, Dominici F, McDermott A, Samet JM. 2008. Mortality in the Medicare population and chronic exposure to fine particulate air pollution in urban centers (2000–2005). Environ Health Perspect 116:1614–1619; doi:10.1289/ehp.11449.
71. Zhu X, Raina AK, Lee HG, Casadesus G, Smith MA, Perry G. 2004. Oxidative stress signalling in Alzheimer’s disease. Brain Res 1000(1):32–39.