메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 14, Issue 12, 2015, Pages 1961-1967

A safety evaluation of canakinumab for the treatment of systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Author keywords

auto inflammatory syndromes; IL 1 family; inflammasome; registry; safety; systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Indexed keywords

CANAKINUMAB; INTERLEUKIN 1; INTERLEUKIN 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; RECOMBINANT INTERLEUKIN 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; RILONACEPT; ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENT; MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY;

EID: 84951906898     PISSN: 14740338     EISSN: 1744764X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1517/14740338.2016.1112377     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (14)

References (48)
  • 1
    • 0000814155 scopus 로고
    • Nucleotide sequence of human monocyte interleukin 1 precursor cDNA
    • Auron PE, Webb AC, Rosenwasser LJ, et al. Nucleotide sequence of human monocyte interleukin 1 precursor cDNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984;81 (24):7907-7911
    • (1984) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.81 , Issue.24 , pp. 7907-7911
    • Auron, P.E.1    Webb, A.C.2    Rosenwasser, L.J.3
  • 2
    • 84890235827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interleukin-1 family: Back to the future
    • Garlanda C, Dinarello CA, Mantovani A. The interleukin-1 family: back to the future. Immunity. 2013;39(6):1003-1018
    • (2013) Immunity , vol.39 , Issue.6 , pp. 1003-1018
    • Garlanda, C.1    Dinarello, C.A.2    Mantovani, A.3
  • 3
    • 77950363011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Autoinflammatory disease reloaded: A clinical perspective
    • Kastner DL, Aksentijevich I, Goldbach-Mansky R. Autoinflammatory disease reloaded: A clinical perspective. Cell. 2010;140(6):784-790
    • (2011) Cell , vol.140 , Issue.6 , pp. 784-790
    • Kastner, D.L.1    Aksentijevich, I.2    Goldbach-Mansky, R.3
  • 4
    • 79952102031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammasome activation and IL-1beta and IL-18 processing during infection
    • van de Veerdonk FL, Netea MG, Dinarello CA, et al. Inflammasome activation and IL-1beta and IL-18 processing during infection. Trends Immunol. 2011;32 (3):110-116
    • (2011) Trends Immunol , vol.32 , Issue.3 , pp. 110-116
    • Van De Veerdonk, F.L.1    Netea, M.G.2    Dinarello, C.A.3
  • 5
    • 84941742533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interleukin (IL)-1 cytokine family-balance between agonists and antagonists in inflammatory diseases
    • Palomo J, Dietrich D, Martin P, et al. The interleukin (IL)-1 cytokine family-balance between agonists and antagonists in inflammatory diseases. Cytokine. 2015;76 (1):25-37
    • (2015) Cytokine , vol.76 , Issue.1 , pp. 25-37
    • Palomo, J.1    Dietrich, D.2    Martin, P.3
  • 6
    • 84885398199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-18 and IL-18 binding protein
    • Dinarello CA, Novick D, Kim S, et al. Interleukin-18 and IL-18 binding protein. Front Immunol. 2013;4:289
    • (2013) Front Immunol , vol.4 , pp. 289
    • Dinarello, C.A.1    Novick, D.2    Kim, S.3
  • 7
    • 0029979369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biologic basis for interleukin-1 in disease
    • Dinarello CA. Biologic basis for interleukin-1 in disease. Blood. 1996;87(6):2095-2147
    • (1996) Blood , vol.87 , Issue.6 , pp. 2095-2147
    • Dinarello, C.A.1
  • 8
    • 66649121678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An autoinflammatory disease with deficiency of the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist
    • Aksentijevich I, Masters SL, Ferguson PJ, et al. An autoinflammatory disease with deficiency of the interleukin-1receptor antagonist. N Engl J Med. 2009;360 (23):2426-2437
    • (2009) N Engl J Med , vol.360 , Issue.23 , pp. 2426-2437
    • Aksentijevich, I.1    Masters, S.L.2    Ferguson, P.J.3
  • 9
    • 79953813107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-1 in the pathogenesis and treatment of inflammatory diseases
    • Dinarello CA. Interleukin-1 in the pathogenesis and treatment of inflammatory diseases. Blood. 2011;117(14):3720-3732
    • (2011) Blood , vol.117 , Issue.14 , pp. 3720-3732
    • Dinarello, C.A.1
  • 10
    • 84922553500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neutrophil IL-1beta processing induced by pneumolysin is mediated by the NLRP3/ASC inflammasome and caspase-1 activation and is dependent on K+ efflux
    • Karmakar M, Katsnelson M, Malak HA, et al. Neutrophil IL-1beta processing induced by pneumolysin is mediated by the NLRP3/ASC inflammasome and caspase-1 activation and is dependent on K+ efflux. J Immunol. 2015;194(4):1763-1775
    • (2015) J Immunol , vol.194 , Issue.4 , pp. 1763-1775
    • Karmakar, M.1    Katsnelson, M.2    Malak, H.A.3
  • 11
    • 1642498343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist transiently impairs antibacterial defense but not survival in murine pneumococcal pneumonia
    • Rijneveld AW, Florquin S, Speelman P, et al. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist transiently impairs antibacterial defense but not survival in murine pneumococcal pneumonia. Eur Cytokine Netw. 2003;14 (4):242-245
    • (2003) Eur Cytokine Netw , vol.14 , Issue.4 , pp. 242-245
    • Rijneveld, A.W.1    Florquin, S.2    Speelman, P.3
  • 12
    • 84922518882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An expanding role for interleukin-1 blockade from gout to cancer
    • Dinarello CA. An expanding role for interleukin-1 blockade from gout to cancer. Mol Med. 2014;20(Suppl. 1):S43-S58
    • (2014) Mol Med , vol.20 , pp. S43-S58
    • Dinarello, C.A.1
  • 13
    • 84892839044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treating inflammation by blocking interleukin-1 in humans
    • Dinarello CA, van der Meer JW. Treating inflammation by blocking interleukin-1 in humans. Semin Immunol. 2013;25 (6):469-484
    • (2013) Semin Immunol , vol.25 , Issue.6 , pp. 469-484
    • Dinarello, C.A.1    Van Der Meer, J.W.2
  • 14
    • 0030973263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of murine collagen-induced arthritis in the knee and ipsilateral paw by local expression of human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein in the knee
    • Bakker AC, Joosten LA, Arntz OJ, et al. Prevention of murine collagen-induced arthritis in the knee and ipsilateral paw by local expression of human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein in the knee. Arthritis Rheum. 1997;40(5):893-900
    • (1997) Arthritis Rheum , vol.40 , Issue.5 , pp. 893-900
    • Bakker, A.C.1    Joosten, L.A.2    Arntz, O.J.3
  • 15
    • 49049102297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of anakinra on functional status in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis receiving concomitant therapy with traditional disease modifying antirheumatic drugs: Evidence from the OMEGA trial
    • Loet L, Nordstrom D, Rodriguez M, et al. Effect of anakinra on functional status in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis receiving concomitant therapy with traditional disease modifying antirheumatic drugs: evidence from the OMEGA trial. J Rheumatol. 2008;35(8):1538-1544
    • (2008) J Rheumatol , vol.35 , Issue.8 , pp. 1538-1544
    • Loet, L.1    Nordstrom, D.2    Rodriguez, M.3
  • 16
    • 0036584028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of anti-TNF therapy for rheumatoid arthritis
    • Feldmann M. Development of anti-TNF therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Rev Immunol. 2002;2(5):364-371
    • (2002) Nat Rev Immunol , vol.2 , Issue.5 , pp. 364-371
    • Feldmann, M.1
  • 17
    • 8444229328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anakinra in mutation-negative NOMID/CINCA syndrome: Comment on the articles by Hawkins et al and Hoffman and Patel
    • Frenkel J, Wulffraat NM, Kuis W. Anakinra in mutation-negative NOMID/CINCA syndrome: comment on the articles by Hawkins et al and Hoffman and Patel. Arthritis Rheum. 2004;50 (11):3738-3739
    • (2004) Arthritis Rheum , vol.50 , Issue.11 , pp. 3738-3739
    • Frenkel, J.1    Wulffraat, N.M.2    Kuis, W.3
  • 18
    • 1042290321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spectrum of clinical features in muckle-wells syndrome and response to anakinra
    • Hawkins PN, Lachmann HJ, Aganna E, et al. Spectrum of clinical features in muckle-wells syndrome and response to anakinra. Arthritis Rheum. 2004;50 (2):607-612
    • (2004) Arthritis Rheum , vol.50 , Issue.2 , pp. 607-612
    • Hawkins, P.N.1    Lachmann, H.J.2    Aganna, E.3
  • 19
    • 84911494275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canakinumab for the treatment of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis
    • Grom AA. Canakinumab for the treatment of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2014;10(11):1427-1435
    • (2014) Expert Rev Clin Immunol , vol.10 , Issue.11 , pp. 1427-1435
    • Grom, A.A.1
  • 20
    • 84871321221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two randomized trials of canakinumab in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis
    • Ruperto N, Brunner HI, Quartier P, et al. Two randomized trials of canakinumab in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(25):2396-2406
    • (2012) N Engl J Med , vol.367 , Issue.25 , pp. 2396-2406
    • Ruperto, N.1    Brunner, H.I.2    Quartier, P.3
  • 21
    • 84856370186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phase II, multicenter, open-label study evaluating dosing and preliminary safety and efficacy of canakinumab in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis with active systemic features
    • Ruperto N, Quartier P, Wulffraat N, et al. A phase II, multicenter, open-label study evaluating dosing and preliminary safety and efficacy of canakinumab in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis with active systemic features. Arthritis Rheum. 2012;64(2):557-567
    • (2012) Arthritis Rheum , vol.64 , Issue.2 , pp. 557-567
    • Ruperto, N.1    Quartier, P.2    Wulffraat, N.3
  • 22
    • 84899659554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: A revolution in care
    • Stoll ML, Cron RQ. Treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: A revolution in care. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. 2014;12:13
    • (2014) Pediatr Rheumatol Online J , vol.12 , pp. 13
    • Stoll, M.L.1    Cron, R.Q.2
  • 23
    • 84901606673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review: Is there a window of opportunity for treatment of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis?
    • Nigrovic PA. Review: is there a window of opportunity for treatment of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis? Arthritis Rheumatol. 2014;66(6):1405-1413
    • (2014) Arthritis Rheumatol , vol.66 , Issue.6 , pp. 1405-1413
    • Nigrovic, P.A.1
  • 24
    • 79551654446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anakinra as first-line disease-modifying therapy in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Report of forty-six patients from an international multicenter series
    • Nigrovic PA, Mannion M, Prince FH, et al. Anakinra as first-line disease-modifying therapy in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: report of forty-six patients from an international multicenter series. Arthritis Rheum. 2011;63(2):545-555
    • (2011) Arthritis Rheum , vol.63 , Issue.2 , pp. 545-555
    • Nigrovic, P.A.1    Mannion, M.2    Prince, F.H.3
  • 25
    • 66649102432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of canakinumab in the cryopyrin-Associated periodic syndrome
    • Lachmann HJ, Kone-Paut I, Kuemmerle-Deschner JB, et al. Use of canakinumab in the cryopyrin-Associated periodic syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2009;360 (23):2416-2425
    • (2009) N Engl J Med , vol.360 , Issue.23 , pp. 2416-2425
    • Lachmann, H.J.1    Kone-Paut, I.2    Kuemmerle-Deschner, J.B.3
  • 26
    • 84860389457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Two-year results from an open-label, multicentre, phase III study evaluating the safety and efficacy of canakinumab in patients with cryopyrinassociated periodic syndrome across different severity phenotypes
    • Kuemmerle-Deschner JB, Hachulla E, Cartwright R, et al. Two-year results from an open-label, multicentre, phase III study evaluating the safety and efficacy of canakinumab in patients with cryopyrinassociated periodic syndrome across different severity phenotypes. Ann Rheum Dis. 2011;70(12):2095-2102
    • (2011) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.70 , Issue.12 , pp. 2095-2102
    • Kuemmerle-Deschner, J.B.1    Hachulla, E.2    Cartwright, R.3
  • 27
    • 79957483535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2011 American College of Rheumatology recommendations for the treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Initiation and safety monitoring of therapeutic agents for the treatment of arthritis and systemic features
    • Beukelman T, Patkar NM, Saag KG, et al. 2011 American College of Rheumatology recommendations for the treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: initiation and safety monitoring of therapeutic agents for the treatment of arthritis and systemic features. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2011;63(4):465-482
    • (2011) Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken , vol.63 , Issue.4 , pp. 465-482
    • Beukelman, T.1    Patkar, N.M.2    Saag, K.G.3
  • 28
    • 38649101578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New insights in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis-from pathophysiology to treatment
    • Frosch M, Roth J. New insights in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis-from pathophysiology to treatment. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2008;47(2):121-125
    • (2008) Rheumatology (Oxford , vol.47 , Issue.2 , pp. 121-125
    • Frosch, M.1    Roth, J.2
  • 29
    • 79959370461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
    • Prakken B, Albani S, Martini A. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Lancet. 2011;377 (9783):2138-2149
    • (2011) Lancet , vol.377 , Issue.9783 , pp. 2138-2149
    • Prakken, B.1    Albani, S.2    Martini, A.3
  • 30
    • 84943361670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From bench to bedside and back again: Translational research in autoinflammation
    • Holzinger D, Kessel C, Omenetti A, et al. From bench to bedside and back again: translational research in autoinflammation. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2015;11(10):573-585
    • (2015) Nat Rev Rheumatol , vol.11 , Issue.10 , pp. 573-585
    • Holzinger, D.1    Kessel, C.2    Omenetti, A.3
  • 31
    • 84876730706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary hypertension and other potentially fatal pulmonary complications in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis
    • Kimura Y, Weiss JE, Haroldson KL, et al. Pulmonary hypertension and other potentially fatal pulmonary complications in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2013;65(5):745-752
    • (2013) Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken , vol.65 , Issue.5 , pp. 745-752
    • Kimura, Y.1    Weiss, J.E.2    Haroldson, K.L.3
  • 32
    • 84908383447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance of current guidelines for diagnosis of macrophage activation syndrome complicating systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis
    • Davi S, Minoia F, Pistorio A, et al. Performance of current guidelines for diagnosis of macrophage activation syndrome complicating systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2014;66(10):2871-2880
    • (2014) Arthritis Rheumatol , vol.66 , Issue.10 , pp. 2871-2880
    • Davi, S.1    Minoia, F.2    Pistorio, A.3
  • 33
    • 84986613852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical features and correct diagnosis of macrophage activation syndrome
    • Cron RQ, Davi S, Minoia F, et al. Clinical features and correct diagnosis of macrophage activation syndrome. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2015;16:1-11
    • (2015) Expert Rev Clin Immunol , vol.16 , pp. 1-11
    • Cron, R.Q.1    Davi, S.2    Minoia, F.3
  • 34
    • 84911476513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp [Internet] [cited 2013 Sep 4]
    • Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp [Internet]. ILARIS, prescribing information. 2013 [cited 2013 Sep 4]. Avialbe from: http://www.hcp.ilaris.com/c/sjia
    • (2013) ILARIS, Prescribing Information
  • 35
    • 58849156486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canakinumab, a fully-human mAb against IL-1beta for the potential treatment of inflammatory disorders
    • Church LD, McDermott MF. Canakinumab, a fully-human mAb against IL-1beta for the potential treatment of inflammatory disorders. Curr Opin Mol Ther. 2009;11(1):81-89
    • (2009) Curr Opin Mol Ther , vol.11 , Issue.1 , pp. 81-89
    • Church, L.D.1    McDermott, M.F.2
  • 36
    • 39549109506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (anakinra) treatment in patients with systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis or adult onset still disease: Preliminary experience in France
    • Lequerre T, Quartier P, Rosellini D, et al. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (anakinra) treatment in patients with systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis or adult onset still disease: preliminary experience in France. Ann Rheum Dis. 2008;67(3):302-308
    • (2008) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.67 , Issue.3 , pp. 302-308
    • Lequerre, T.1    Quartier, P.2    Rosellini, D.3
  • 37
    • 79953323633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist anakinra in patients with systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (ANAJIS trial
    • Quartier P, Allantaz F, Cimaz R, et al. A multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist anakinra in patients with systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (ANAJIS trial). Ann Rheum Dis. 2011;70(5):747-754
    • (2011) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.70 , Issue.5 , pp. 747-754
    • Quartier, P.1    Allantaz, F.2    Cimaz, R.3
  • 38
    • 43949116263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pattern of response to anti-interleukin-1 treatment distinguishes two subsets of patients with systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis
    • Gattorno M, Piccini A, Lasiglie D, et al. The pattern of response to anti-interleukin-1 treatment distinguishes two subsets of patients with systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2008;58(5):1505-1515
    • (2008) Arthritis Rheum , vol.58 , Issue.5 , pp. 1505-1515
    • Gattorno, M.1    Piccini, A.2    Lasiglie, D.3
  • 39
    • 84898640609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of first-line treatment with recombinant interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in steroid-naive patients with new-onset systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Results of a prospective cohort study
    • Vastert SJ, de Jager W, Noordman BJ, et al. Effectiveness of first-line treatment with recombinant interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in steroid-naive patients with new-onset systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: results of a prospective cohort study. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2014;66 (4):1034-1043
    • (2014) Arthritis Rheumatol , vol.66 , Issue.4 , pp. 1034-1043
    • Vastert, S.J.1    De Jager, W.2    Noordman, B.J.3
  • 40
    • 53749103375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contribution of IL-1 to resistance to streptococcus pneumoniae infection
    • Kafka D, Ling E, Feldman G, et al. Contribution of IL-1 to resistance to streptococcus pneumoniae infection. Int Immunol. 2008;20(9):1139-1146
    • (2008) Int Immunol , vol.20 , Issue.9 , pp. 1139-1146
    • Kafka, D.1    Ling, E.2    Feldman, G.3
  • 41
    • 84951907998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canakinumab in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: Impact on the rate and clinical presentation of macrophage activation syndrome
    • Aug
    • Grom AA, Ilowite NT, Pascual V, et al. Canakinumab in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: impact on the rate and clinical presentation of macrophage activation syndrome. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2015;Aug 28. doi:10.1002/art.39407
    • (2015) Arthritis Rheumatol , vol.28
    • Grom, A.A.1    Ilowite, N.T.2    Pascual, V.3
  • 42
    • 77955371398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor alpha blockers and malignancy in children: Forty-eight cases reported to the Food and Drug Administration
    • Diak P, Siegel J, La GL, et al. Tumor necrosis factor alpha blockers and malignancy in children: forty-eight cases reported to the Food and Drug Administration. Arthritis Rheum. 2010;62 (8):2517-2524
    • (2011) Arthritis Rheum , vol.62 , Issue.8 , pp. 2517-2524
    • Diak, P.1    Siegel, J.2    La, G.L.3
  • 44
    • 84866175338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rates of malignancy associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and its treatment
    • Beukelman T, Haynes K, Curtis JR, et al. Rates of malignancy associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and its treatment. Arthritis Rheum. 2012;64 (4):1263-1271
    • (2012) Arthritis Rheum , vol.64 , Issue.4 , pp. 1263-1271
    • Beukelman, T.1    Haynes, K.2    Curtis, J.R.3
  • 45
    • 79959336836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TNF alpha antagonist therapy and safety monitoring
    • Pham T, Bachelez H, Berthelot JM, et al. TNF alpha antagonist therapy and safety monitoring. Joint Bone Spine. 2011;78 (Suppl 1):15-185
    • (2011) Joint Bone Spine , vol.78 , pp. 15-185
    • Pham, T.1    Bachelez, H.2    Berthelot, J.M.3
  • 46
    • 84923612737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Half-life and safety of canakinumab in pediatric patients: Comment on the article by Ilowite et al
    • Brunner H, Lomax KG, Levy S. Half-life and safety of canakinumab in pediatric patients: comment on the article by Ilowite et al. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2015;67 (3):857-858
    • (2015) Arthritis Rheumatol , vol.67 , Issue.3 , pp. 857-858
    • Brunner, H.1    Lomax, K.G.2    Levy, S.3
  • 47
    • 24644446896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Open label extension studies: Research or marketing?
    • Taylor GJ, Wainwright P. Open label extension studies: research or marketing? Bmj. 2005;331(7516):572-574
    • (2005) Bmj , vol.331 , Issue.7516 , pp. 572-574
    • Taylor, G.J.1    Wainwright, P.2
  • 48
    • 84942066530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • [cited 2015 Mar 27]. Ref Type: Internet Communication
    • EU Medicines Agencies Network Strategy to 2020 [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2015 Mar 27]. Ref Type: Internet Communication. Available from: http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/.
    • (2015) EU Medicines Agencies Network Strategy to 2020 [Internet]


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.