Media influences on social outcomes: The impact of MTV's 16 and pregnant on teen childbearing

American Economic Review

Volumn 105, Issue 12, 2015, Pages 3597-3632

  Kearney, Melissa S ^a   Levine, Phillip B ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND   (United States)

^b WELLESLEY COLLEGE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY; FEMALE; HUMAN; PEER PRESSURE; PREGNANCY; PREVENTION AND CONTROL; SOCIAL MEDIA; TELEVISION;

ADOLESCENT; FEMALE; HUMANS; PEER INFLUENCE; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY IN ADOLESCENCE; SOCIAL MEDIA; TELEVISION;

EID: 84950142997     PISSN: 00028282     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1257/aer.20140012     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Adalian, Josef. 2010. "It's a Hit! MTV's '16 and Pregnant' Delivers Huge Ratings." The Wrap: Covering Hollywood, February 18. http://www.thewrap.com/tv/column-post/its-hit-mtvs-16-andpregnant-delivers-huge-ratings-14381/ (accessed October 10, 2013).
2. Albert, Bill. 2010. With One Voice 2010: America's Adults and Teens Sound Off About Teen Pregnancy. Washington, DC: National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy.
3. Aldrich, Eric M., Peter S. Arcidiacono, and Jacob L. Vigdor. 2005. "Do People Value Racial Diversity? Evidence from Nielsen Ratings." B. E. Journal of Economic Analysis and Policy: Topics in Economic Analysis and Policy 5 (1): 1-22.
4. Baker, Scott R., and Andrey Fradkin. 2015. "The Impact of Unemployment Insurance on Job Search: Evidence from Google Search Data." http://andreyfradkin.com/assets/FullTexasJobSearch.pdf (accessed September 29, 2015).
5. Barberá, Paolo. 2015. "Birds of the Same Feather Tweet Together: Bayesian Ideal Point Estimation Using Twitter Data." Political Analysis 23 (1): 76-91.
6. Blankespoor, Elizabeth, Gregory S. Miller, and Hal D. White. 2013. "The Role of Dissemination in Market Liquidity: Evidence From Firms' Use of Twitter." http://ssrn.com/abstract=1657169.
7. Bricklin, Julia. 2012. "Why We Need MTV's '16 and Pregnant.'" Forbes, March 30. http://www.forbes.com/sites/juliabricklin/2012/03/30/540 (accessed October 10, 2013).
8. Buckles, Kasey S., and Daniel M. Hungerman. 2013. "Season of Birth and Later Outcomes: Old Questions, New Answers." Review of Economics and Statistics 95 (3): 711-24.
9. Chandra, Anita, Steven C. Martino, Rebecca L. Collins, Marc N. Elliott, Sandra H. Berry, David E. Kanouse, and Angela Miu. 2008. "Does Watching Sex on Television Predict Teen Pregnancy? Findings From a National Longitudinal Survey of Youth." Pediatrics 122 (5): 1047-54.
10. Chiou, Lesley, and Mary Lopez. 2010. "The Reality of Reality Television: Does Reality TV Influence Local Crime Rates?" Economics Letters 108 (3): 330-33.
11. Choi, Hyunyoung, and Paul Liu. 2011. "Reading Tea Leaves in the Tourism Industry: A Case Study in the Gulf Oil Spill, 2011." http://google.com/googleblogs/pdfs/google-gulf-tourism-march2011.pdf (accessed September 29, 2015).
12. Choi, Hyunyoung, and Hal Varian. 2009a. "Predicting the Present with Google Trends." Google Technical Report. http://google.com/googleblogs/pdfs/google-predicting-the-present.pdf (accessed September 29, 2015).
13. Choi, Hyunyoung, and Hal Varian. 2009b. "Predicting Initial Claims for Unemployment Benefits." Google Technical Report. http://research.google.com/archive/papers/initialclaimsUS.pdf (accessed September 29, 2015).
14. Chong, Alberto, and Eliana La Ferrara. 2009. "Television and Divorce: Evidence from Brazilian Novelas." Journal of the European Economic Association 7 (2-3): 458-68.
15. Colen, Cynthia G., Arline T. Geronimus, and Maureen G. Phipps. 2006. "Getting a Piece of the Pie? The Economic Boom of the 1990s and Declining Teen Birth Rates in the United States." Social Science and Medicine 63 (6): 1531-45.
16. Da, Zhi, Joseph Engelberg, and Pengjie Gao. 2011. "In Search of Attention." Journal of Finance 66 (5): 1461-99.
17. Dahl, Gordon, and Stefano DellaVigna. 2009. "Does Movie Violence Increase Violent Crime?" Quarterly Journal of Economics 124 (2): 677-734.
18. DellaVigna, Stefano, and Ethan Kaplan. 2007. "The Fox News Effect: Media Bias and Voting." Quarterly Journal of Economics 122 (3): 1187-1234.
19. Garthwaite, Craig, Tal Gross, and Matthew J. Notowidigdo. 2014. "Public Health Insurance, Labor Supply, and Employment Lock." Quarterly Journal of Economics 129 (2): 653-96.
20. Gentzkow, Matthew, and Jesse M. Shapiro. 2008. "Preschool Television Viewing and Adolescent Test Scores: Historical Evidence from the Coleman Study." Quarterly Journal of Economics 123 (1): 279-323.
21. Gerber, Alan S., James G. Gimpel, Donald P. Green, and Daron R. Shaw. 2011. "How Large and Long-lasting Are the Persuasive Effects of Televised Campaign Ads? Results from a Randomized Field Experiment." American Political Science Review 105 (1): 135-50.
22. Gorman, Bill. 2011. "2010-11 Season Broadcast Primetime Show 18-49 Ratings Averages." zap2it TV by the Numbers, June 1. http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2011/06/01/2010-11-season-broadcast-primetime-show-18-49-ratings-averages/94402 (accessed October 10, 2013).
23. Jensen, Robert, and Emily Oster. 2009. "The Power of TV: Cable Television and Women's Status in India." Quarterly Journal of Economics 124 (3): 1057-94.
24. Kanazawa, Mark T., and Jonas P. Funk. 2001. "Racial Discrimination in Professional Basketball: Evidence from Nielsen Ratings." Economic Inquiry 39 (4): 599-608.
25. Kearney, Melissa S., and Phillip B. Levine. 2012a. "Why Is the Teen Birth Rate in the United States So High and Why Does It Matter?" Journal of Economic Perspectives 26 (2): 141-63.
26. Kearney, Melissa S., and Phillip B. Levine. 2012b. "Explaining Recent Trends in the U.S. Teen Birth Rate." National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper 17964.
27. Kearney, Melissa S., and Phillip B. Levine. 2014a. Teen Births Are Falling: What's Going On? Brookings Policy Brief. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.
28. Kearney, Melissa S., and Phillip B. Levine. 2014b. "Income Inequality and Early Nonmarital Childbearing." Journal of Human Resources 49 (1): 1-31.
29. Kearney, Melissa S., and Phillip B. Levine. 2015. "Media Influences on Social Outcomes: The Impact of MTV's 16 and Pregnant on Teen Childbearing: Dataset." American Economic Review. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20140012.
30. La Ferrara, Eliana, Alberto Chong, and Suzanne Duryea. 2012. "Soap Operas and Fertility: Evidence from Brazil." American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 4 (4): 1-31.
31. Lopoo, Leonard M., and Kerri M. Raissian. 2012. "Natalist Policies in the United States." Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 31 (4): 905-46.
32. Marketing Charts. 2013. "Are Young People Watching Less TV? (Updated - Q2 2013 Data)." http://www.marketingcharts.com/television/are-young-people-watching-less-tv-24817/ (accessed June 24, 2013).
33. Martin, Joyce A., Brady E. Hamilton, Stephanie J. Ventura, Michelle J. K. Osterman, Elizabeth C. Wilson, and T. J. Mathews. 2012. "Births: Final Data for 2010." National Vital Statistics Reports 61 (1): 1-71.
34. Menacker, Fay, and Brady E. Hamilton. 2010. "Recent Trends in Cesarean Delivery in the United States." US Department of Health and Human Services, NCHS Data Brief 35. http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db35.pdf.
35. MTV. 2012. "MTV's Groundbreaking Docu-Series '16 and Pregnant' Returns on Tuesday, March 27 at 10pm ET/PT." MTV Press, July 12. http://mtvpress.com/press/release/mtvs-groundbreaking-docu-series-16-and-pregnant-returns-on-tuesday-march-27 (accessed October 10, 2013).
36. Myers, Caitlin Knowles. 2008. "Discrimination as a Competitive Device: The Case of Local Television News." B. E. Journal of Economic Analysis and Policy 8 (1). http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1935-1682.1995.
37. National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy. 2009. "Socio-Economic and Family Characteristics of Teen Childbearing." Science Says: 41.
38. Pazol, Karen, Andreea A. Creanga, Kim D. Burley, Brenda Hayes, and Denise J. Jamieson. 2013. "Abortion Surveillance - United States, 2010." Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report: Surveillance Summaries 62 (8): 1-44.
39. Price, Joseph, and Gordon B. Dahl. 2012. "Using Natural Experiments to Study the Impact of Media on the Family." Family Relations 61 (3): 363-73.
40. Rui, Huaxia, Yizao Liu, and Andrew Whinston. 2013. "Whose and What Chatter Matters? The Effect of Tweets on Movie Sales." Decision Support Systems 55 (4): 863-70.
41. Saffer, Henry, Melanie Wakefield, and Yvonne Terry-McElrath. 2007. "The Effect of Nicotine Replacement Therapy Advertising on Youth Smoking." National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper 12964.
42. Seidman, Robert. 2009. "MTV Greenlights Season Two of Hit Series '16 & Pregnant.'" zap2it TV by the Numbers, June 30. http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2009/06/30/mtv-greenlights-season-two-of-hit-series-16-pregnant/21672/ (accessed October 10, 2013).
43. Seidman, Robert. 2010. "Season Premiere of MTV's '16 and Pregnant' Scores Series High 3.4 Million Viewers." zap2it TV by the Numbers, February 18. http://tvbythenumbers.zap2it.com/2010/02/18/season-premiere-of-mtvs-16-and-pregnant-scores-series-high-3-4-million-viewers/42357/ (accessed October 10, 2013).
44. Stein, Rob. 2008. "Study First to Link TV Sex To Real Teen Pregnancies." Washington Post, November 3. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/11/02/AR2008110202592.html (accessed September 29, 2015).
45. Stephens-Davidowitz, Seth I. 2013a. "The Cost of Racial Animus on a Black Presidential Candidate: Using Google Search Data to Find What Surveys Miss." http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract-id=2238851 (accessed September 29, 2015).
46. Stephens-Davidowitz, Seth. 2013b. "Unreported Victims of an Economic Downturn." http://static1.squarespace.com/static/51d894bee4b01caf88ccb4f3/t/51e22f38e4b0502fe211fab7/1373777720363/childabusepaper13.pdf (accessed September 29, 2015).
47. Tanner, Lindsey. 2008. "Teen Pregnancies Tied to Tastes for Sexy TV Shows." USA Today. http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/health/2008-11-03-458217694-x.htm (accessed October 5, 2013).
48. Trudeau, Jennifer. Forthcoming. "The Role of New Media on Teen Sexual Behaviors and Fertility Outcomes: The Case of 16 and Pregnant." Southern Economic Journal.
49. US Census Bureau. 2014. "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population by Sex, Age, Race Alone or in Combination, and Hispanic Origin for the United States and States: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2013." http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=bkmk (accessed September 29, 2015).
50. Vlastakis, Nikolaos, and Raphael N. Markellos. 2012. "Information Demand and Stock Market Volatility." Journal of Banking and Finance 36 (6): 1808-21.