메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 46, Issue 4, 2016, Pages 473-485

Can Exercise Positively Influence the Intervertebral Disc?

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL; EXERCISE; HUMAN; INTERVERTEBRAL DISC DEGENERATION; INTERVERTEBRAL DISK; PHYSIOLOGY; SPINE; SPORT; WEIGHT BEARING;

EID: 84949749219     PISSN: 01121642     EISSN: 11792035     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s40279-015-0444-2     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (49)

References (104)
  • 1
    • 0021274967 scopus 로고
    • Is the chemistry of collagen in intervertebral discs an expression of Wolff’s Law? A study of the human lumbar spine
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaL2c3isVansA%3D%3D, PID: 672957
    • Brickley-Parsons D, Glimcher MJ. Is the chemistry of collagen in intervertebral discs an expression of Wolff’s Law? A study of the human lumbar spine. Spine. 1984;9:148–63.
    • (1984) Spine , vol.9 , pp. 148-163
    • Brickley-Parsons, D.1    Glimcher, M.J.2
  • 2
    • 0028587119 scopus 로고
    • The intervertebral disc: a biologically active tissue challenging therapy
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK2M3gvFyhsw%3D%3D, PID: 769586
    • Vanharanta H. The intervertebral disc: a biologically active tissue challenging therapy. Ann Med. 1994;26:395–9.
    • (1994) Ann Med , vol.26 , pp. 395-399
    • Vanharanta, H.1
  • 3
    • 0028219108 scopus 로고
    • The chemical morphology of age-related changes in human intervertebral disc glycosaminoglycans from cervical, thoracic and lumbar nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus
    • PID: 815749
    • Scott JE, Bosworth TR, Cribb AM, et al. The chemical morphology of age-related changes in human intervertebral disc glycosaminoglycans from cervical, thoracic and lumbar nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus. J Anat. 1994;184(Pt 1):73–82.
    • (1994) J Anat , vol.184 , pp. 73-82
    • Scott, J.E.1    Bosworth, T.R.2    Cribb, A.M.3
  • 4
    • 0025288751 scopus 로고
    • Investigation of the laminate structure of lumbar disc anulus fibrosus
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK3czgt1SnsQ%3D%3D, PID: 236306
    • Marchand F, Ahmed AM. Investigation of the laminate structure of lumbar disc anulus fibrosus. Spine. 1990;15:402–10.
    • (1990) Spine , vol.15 , pp. 402-410
    • Marchand, F.1    Ahmed, A.M.2
  • 5
    • 0019724060 scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional architecture of lumbar intervertebral discs
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaL38%2FhslGlsQ%3D%3D, PID: 728081
    • Inoue H. Three-dimensional architecture of lumbar intervertebral discs. Spine. 1981;6:139–46.
    • (1981) Spine , vol.6 , pp. 139-146
    • Inoue, H.1
  • 6
    • 83255181878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A fresh look at the nucleus-endplate region: new evidence for significant structural integration
    • PID: 2132781
    • Wade KR, Robertson PA, Broom ND. A fresh look at the nucleus-endplate region: new evidence for significant structural integration. Eur Spine J. 2011;20:1225–32. doi:10.1007/s00586-011-1704-y.
    • (2011) Eur Spine J , vol.20 , pp. 1225-1232
    • Wade, K.R.1    Robertson, P.A.2    Broom, N.D.3
  • 7
    • 33747355707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What is intervertebral disc degeneration, and what causes it?
    • PID: 1691510
    • Adams MA, Roughley PJ. What is intervertebral disc degeneration, and what causes it? Spine. 2006;31:2151–61. doi:10.1097/01.brs.0000231761.73859.2c.
    • (2006) Spine , vol.31 , pp. 2151-2161
    • Adams, M.A.1    Roughley, P.J.2
  • 8
    • 84930822168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanics and biology in intervertebral disc degeneration: a vicious circle
    • PID: 2582797
    • Vergroesen P-PA, Kingma I, Emanuel KS, et al. Mechanics and biology in intervertebral disc degeneration: a vicious circle. Osteoarthr Cartil. 2015;23:1057–70. doi:10.1016/j.joca.2015.03.028.
    • (2015) Osteoarthr Cartil , vol.23 , pp. 1057-1070
    • Vergroesen, P.-P.A.1    Kingma, I.2    Emanuel, K.S.3
  • 9
    • 14844342946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrition of the intervertebral disc
    • PID: 1556491
    • Urban JPG, Smith S, Fairbank JCT. Nutrition of the intervertebral disc. Spine. 2004;29:2700–9.
    • (2004) Spine , vol.29 , pp. 2700-2709
    • Urban, J.P.G.1    Smith, S.2    Fairbank, J.C.T.3
  • 10
    • 0022489517 scopus 로고
    • Intervertebral disc nutrition. Diffusion versus convection
    • PID: 375737
    • Katz MM, Hargens AR, Garfin SR. Intervertebral disc nutrition. Diffusion versus convection. Clin Orthop. 1986;210:243–5.
    • (1986) Clin Orthop , vol.210 , pp. 243-245
    • Katz, M.M.1    Hargens, A.R.2    Garfin, S.R.3
  • 11
    • 0019955720 scopus 로고
    • Nutrition of the intervertebral disc: effect of fluid flow on solute transport
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaL3sXjt1WqsA%3D%3D, PID: 712796
    • Urban JP, Holm S, Maroudas A, et al. Nutrition of the intervertebral disc: effect of fluid flow on solute transport. Clin Orthop. 1982;170:296–302.
    • (1982) Clin Orthop , vol.170 , pp. 296-302
    • Urban, J.P.1    Holm, S.2    Maroudas, A.3
  • 12
    • 0018243244 scopus 로고
    • Diffusion of small solutes into the intervertebral disc: as in vivo study
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaE1MXhtFyks7k%3D, PID: 73732
    • Urban JP, Holm S, Maroudas A. Diffusion of small solutes into the intervertebral disc: as in vivo study. Biorheology. 1978;15:203–21.
    • (1978) Biorheology , vol.15 , pp. 203-221
    • Urban, J.P.1    Holm, S.2    Maroudas, A.3
  • 13
    • 0022609248 scopus 로고
    • In vitro method for measuring synthesis rates in the intervertebral disc
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaL287ktlWksw%3D%3D, PID: 395080
    • Bayliss MT, Urban JP, Johnstone B, et al. In vitro method for measuring synthesis rates in the intervertebral disc. J Orthop Res. 1986;4:10–7. doi:10.1002/jor.1100040102.
    • (1986) J Orthop Res , vol.4 , pp. 10-17
    • Bayliss, M.T.1    Urban, J.P.2    Johnstone, B.3
  • 14
    • 0024827368 scopus 로고
    • Water diffusion pathway, swelling pressure, and biomechanical properties of the intervertebral disc during compression load
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK3c7gtVOrsg%3D%3D, PID: 260305
    • Ohshima H, Tsuji H, Hirano N, et al. Water diffusion pathway, swelling pressure, and biomechanical properties of the intervertebral disc during compression load. Spine. 1989;14:1234–44.
    • (1989) Spine , vol.14 , pp. 1234-1244
    • Ohshima, H.1    Tsuji, H.2    Hirano, N.3
  • 15
    • 0028966103 scopus 로고
    • Effect of static load on matrix synthesis rates in the intervertebral disc measured in vitro by a new perfusion technique
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXktlylu7Y%3D, PID: 785310
    • Ohshima H, Urban JP, Bergel DH. Effect of static load on matrix synthesis rates in the intervertebral disc measured in vitro by a new perfusion technique. J Orthop Res. 1995;13:22–9. doi:10.1002/jor.1100130106.
    • (1995) J Orthop Res , vol.13 , pp. 22-29
    • Ohshima, H.1    Urban, J.P.2    Bergel, D.H.3
  • 16
    • 0030466597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of sustained loading on the water content of intervertebral discs: implications for disc metabolism
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK2s7ms1yqsA%3D%3D, PID: 901458
    • McMillan DW, Garbutt G, Adams MA. Effect of sustained loading on the water content of intervertebral discs: implications for disc metabolism. Ann Rheum Dis. 1996;55:880–7.
    • (1996) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.55 , pp. 880-887
    • McMillan, D.W.1    Garbutt, G.2    Adams, M.A.3
  • 17
    • 70349792623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2009 ISSLS Prize Winner: what influence does sustained mechanical load have on diffusion in the human intervertebral disc?: an in vivo study using serial postcontrast magnetic resonance imaging
    • PID: 1975593
    • Arun R, Freeman BJC, Scammell BE, et al. 2009 ISSLS Prize Winner: what influence does sustained mechanical load have on diffusion in the human intervertebral disc?: an in vivo study using serial postcontrast magnetic resonance imaging. Spine. 2009;34:2324–37. doi:10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181b4df92.
    • (2009) Spine , vol.34 , pp. 2324-2337
    • Arun, R.1    Freeman, B.J.C.2    Scammell, B.E.3
  • 18
    • 65249096167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solute transport in intervertebral disc: experiments and finite element modeling
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXmtV2jsLs%3D, PID: 1942630
    • Das DB, Welling A, Urban JPG, et al. Solute transport in intervertebral disc: experiments and finite element modeling. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009;1161:44–61. doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.04075.x.
    • (2009) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.1161 , pp. 44-61
    • Das, D.B.1    Welling, A.2    Urban, J.P.G.3
  • 19
    • 0346997993 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluid flow and convective transport of solutes within the intervertebral disc
    • PID: 1470632
    • Ferguson SJ, Ito K, Nolte LP. Fluid flow and convective transport of solutes within the intervertebral disc. J Biomech. 2004;37:213–21.
    • (2004) J Biomech , vol.37 , pp. 213-221
    • Ferguson, S.J.1    Ito, K.2    Nolte, L.P.3
  • 20
    • 0000613260 scopus 로고
    • The physiological oscillation of the length of the body
    • De Puky P. The physiological oscillation of the length of the body. Acta Orthop. 1935;6:338–47.
    • (1935) Acta Orthop , vol.6 , pp. 338-347
    • De Puky, P.1
  • 21
    • 0028336850 scopus 로고
    • The effect of age on intervertebral disc compression during running
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK2czmt1OhsA%3D%3D, PID: 808140
    • Ahrens SF. The effect of age on intervertebral disc compression during running. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1994;20:17–21. doi:10.2519/jospt.1994.20.1.17.
    • (1994) J Orthop Sports Phys Ther , vol.20 , pp. 17-21
    • Ahrens, S.F.1
  • 22
    • 0026625960 scopus 로고
    • The effect of running-induced intervertebral disc compression on thoracolumbar vertebral column mobility in young, healthy males
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD1cngvVyitg%3D%3D, PID: 1879677
    • Carrigg SY, Hillemeyer LE, Villanueva EE. The effect of running-induced intervertebral disc compression on thoracolumbar vertebral column mobility in young, healthy males. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1992;16:19–24. doi:10.2519/jospt.1992.16.1.19.
    • (1992) J Orthop Sports Phys Ther , vol.16 , pp. 19-24
    • Carrigg, S.Y.1    Hillemeyer, L.E.2    Villanueva, E.E.3
  • 23
    • 0031944057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of deep and shallow water running on spinal shrinkage
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK1c3itVKgsA%3D%3D, PID: 956216
    • Dowzer CN, Reilly T, Cable NT. Effects of deep and shallow water running on spinal shrinkage. Br J Sports Med. 1998;32:44–8.
    • (1998) Br J Sports Med , vol.32 , pp. 44-48
    • Dowzer, C.N.1    Reilly, T.2    Cable, N.T.3
  • 24
    • 0025039860 scopus 로고
    • Effects of running on intervertebral disc height
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD1cngvV2hsA%3D%3D, PID: 1879688
    • White TL, Malone TR. Effects of running on intervertebral disc height. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1990;12:139–46.
    • (1990) J Orthop Sports Phys Ther , vol.12 , pp. 139-146
    • White, T.L.1    Malone, T.R.2
  • 25
    • 0025302349 scopus 로고
    • Changes in stature following drop jumping and post-exercise gravity inversion
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK3czktVSgtQ%3D%3D, PID: 238130
    • Boocock MG, Garbutt G, Linge K, et al. Changes in stature following drop jumping and post-exercise gravity inversion. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1990;22:385–90.
    • (1990) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.22 , pp. 385-390
    • Boocock, M.G.1    Garbutt, G.2    Linge, K.3
  • 26
    • 0028153923 scopus 로고
    • Spinal shrinkage in unloaded and loaded drop-jumping
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK2c7lsFyitw%3D%3D, PID: 811226
    • Fowler NE, Lees A, Reilly T. Spinal shrinkage in unloaded and loaded drop-jumping. Ergonomics. 1994;37:133–9. doi:10.1080/00140139408963631.
    • (1994) Ergonomics , vol.37 , pp. 133-139
    • Fowler, N.E.1    Lees, A.2    Reilly, T.3
  • 27
    • 0022775746 scopus 로고
    • Spinal loading during circuit weight-training and running
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaL2s%2FltVGitw%3D%3D, PID: 377933
    • Leatt P, Reilly T, Troup JG. Spinal loading during circuit weight-training and running. Br J Sports Med. 1986;20:119–24.
    • (1986) Br J Sports Med , vol.20 , pp. 119-124
    • Leatt, P.1    Reilly, T.2    Troup, J.G.3
  • 28
    • 31944448511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of loading on spinal shrinkage in males of different age groups
    • PID: 1617177
    • Reilly T, Freeman KA. Effects of loading on spinal shrinkage in males of different age groups. Appl Ergon. 2006;37:305–10. doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2005.07.004.
    • (2006) Appl Ergon , vol.37 , pp. 305-310
    • Reilly, T.1    Freeman, K.A.2
  • 29
    • 0021981832 scopus 로고
    • Circadian variation in stature and the effects of spinal loading
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaL2M3hvFSntw%3D%3D, PID: 400203
    • Tyrrell AR, Reilly T, Troup JD. Circadian variation in stature and the effects of spinal loading. Spine. 1985;10:161–4.
    • (1985) Spine , vol.10 , pp. 161-164
    • Tyrrell, A.R.1    Reilly, T.2    Troup, J.D.3
  • 30
    • 0028533741 scopus 로고
    • Repetitive lifting and spinal shrinkage, effects of age and lifting technique
    • Van Dieën JH, Creemers M, Draisma I, et al. Repetitive lifting and spinal shrinkage, effects of age and lifting technique. Clin Biomech Bristol Avon. 1994;9:367–74. doi:10.1016/0268-0033(94)90067-1.
    • (1994) Clin Biomech Bristol Avon , vol.9 , pp. 367-374
    • Van Dieën, J.H.1    Creemers, M.2    Draisma, I.3
  • 31
    • 0033562615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An in vivo magnetic resonance imaging study of changes in the volume (and fluid content) of the lumbar intervertebral discs during a simulated diurnal load cycle
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK1M3msFWquw%3D%3D, PID: 1033279
    • Malko JA, Hutton WC, Fajman WA. An in vivo magnetic resonance imaging study of changes in the volume (and fluid content) of the lumbar intervertebral discs during a simulated diurnal load cycle. Spine. 1999;24:1015–22.
    • (1999) Spine , vol.24 , pp. 1015-1022
    • Malko, J.A.1    Hutton, W.C.2    Fajman, W.A.3
  • 32
    • 0036218118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An in vivo study of the changes in volume (and fluid content) of the lumber intervertebral disc after overnight bed rest and during an 8-hour walking protocol
    • PID: 1192782
    • Malko JA, Hutton WC, Fajiman WA. An in vivo study of the changes in volume (and fluid content) of the lumber intervertebral disc after overnight bed rest and during an 8-hour walking protocol. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2002;15:157–63.
    • (2002) J Spinal Disord Tech , vol.15 , pp. 157-163
    • Malko, J.A.1    Hutton, W.C.2    Fajiman, W.A.3
  • 33
    • 79955674605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intervertebral disc changes after 1 h of running: a study on athletes
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BC3MngsFagsA%3D%3D, PID: 2167236
    • Dimitriadis AT, Papagelopoulos PJ, Smith FW, et al. Intervertebral disc changes after 1 h of running: a study on athletes. J Int Med Res. 2011;39:569–79.
    • (2011) J Int Med Res , vol.39 , pp. 569-579
    • Dimitriadis, A.T.1    Papagelopoulos, P.J.2    Smith, F.W.3
  • 34
    • 84868300444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moderate-intensity running causes intervertebral disc compression in young adults
    • PID: 2264834
    • Kingsley MI, D’Silva LA, Jennings C, et al. Moderate-intensity running causes intervertebral disc compression in young adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2012;44:2199–204. doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e318260dbc1.
    • (2012) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.44 , pp. 2199-2204
    • Kingsley, M.I.1    D’Silva, L.A.2    Jennings, C.3
  • 35
    • 0028328852 scopus 로고
    • In vivo diurnal variation in intervertebral disc volume and morphology
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK2c3nvVKgsw%3D%3D, PID: 800935
    • Botsford DJ, Esses SI, Ogilvie-Harris DJ. In vivo diurnal variation in intervertebral disc volume and morphology. Spine. 1994;19:935–40.
    • (1994) Spine , vol.19 , pp. 935-940
    • Botsford, D.J.1    Esses, S.I.2    Ogilvie-Harris, D.J.3
  • 36
    • 0025307063 scopus 로고
    • Radiologic abnormalities of the thoraco-lumbar spine in athletes
    • PID: 237245
    • Hellström M, Jacobsson B, Swärd L, et al. Radiologic abnormalities of the thoraco-lumbar spine in athletes. Acta Radiol. 1990;31:127–32.
    • (1990) Acta Radiol , vol.31 , pp. 127-132
    • Hellström, M.1    Jacobsson, B.2    Swärd, L.3
  • 37
    • 0023735411 scopus 로고
    • Low back pain among retired wrestlers and heavyweight lifters
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaL1M%2FkvVSgsg%3D%3D, PID: 297325
    • Granhed H, Morelli B. Low back pain among retired wrestlers and heavyweight lifters. Am J Sports Med. 1988;16:530–3.
    • (1988) Am J Sports Med , vol.16 , pp. 530-533
    • Granhed, H.1    Morelli, B.2
  • 38
    • 0025219546 scopus 로고
    • Back pain and radiologic changes in the thoraco-lumbar spine of athletes
    • PID: 213924
    • Swärd L, Hellstrom M, Jacobsson B, et al. Back pain and radiologic changes in the thoraco-lumbar spine of athletes. Spine. 1990;15:124–9.
    • (1990) Spine , vol.15 , pp. 124-129
    • Swärd, L.1    Hellstrom, M.2    Jacobsson, B.3
  • 39
    • 84883509240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for lumbar disc degeneration in high school American football players: a prospective 2-year follow-up study
    • PID: 2384199
    • Nagashima M, Abe H, Amaya K, et al. Risk factors for lumbar disc degeneration in high school American football players: a prospective 2-year follow-up study. Am J Sports Med. 2013;41:2059–64. doi:10.1177/0363546513495173.
    • (2013) Am J Sports Med , vol.41 , pp. 2059-2064
    • Nagashima, M.1    Abe, H.2    Amaya, K.3
  • 41
    • 23644444813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine in asymptomatic professional fast bowlers in cricket
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD2MzptVCmtw%3D%3D, PID: 1604924
    • Ranson CA, Kerslake RW, Burnett AF, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine in asymptomatic professional fast bowlers in cricket. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2005;87:1111–6. doi:10.1302/0301-620X.87B8.16405.
    • (2005) J Bone Joint Surg Br , vol.87 , pp. 1111-1116
    • Ranson, C.A.1    Kerslake, R.W.2    Burnett, A.F.3
  • 42
    • 0030856774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lifetime exercise and disk degeneration: an MRI study of monozygotic twins
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK1c%2FgsVWmsQ%3D%3D, PID: 934616
    • Videman T, Battié MC, Gibbons LE, et al. Lifetime exercise and disk degeneration: an MRI study of monozygotic twins. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1997;29:1350–6.
    • (1997) Med Sci Sports Exerc , vol.29 , pp. 1350-1356
    • Videman, T.1    Battié, M.C.2    Gibbons, L.E.3
  • 43
    • 79952295171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spine abnormalities depicted by magnetic resonance imaging in adolescent rowers
    • PID: 2088998
    • Maurer M, Soder RB, Baldisserotto M. Spine abnormalities depicted by magnetic resonance imaging in adolescent rowers. Am J Sports Med. 2011;39:392–7. doi:10.1177/0363546510381365.
    • (2011) Am J Sports Med , vol.39 , pp. 392-397
    • Maurer, M.1    Soder, R.B.2    Baldisserotto, M.3
  • 44
    • 70649095060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance imaging findings of the lumbar spine in elite horseback riders: correlations with back pain, body mass index, trunk/leg-length coefficient, and riding discipline
    • PID: 1957447
    • Kraft CN, Pennekamp PH, Becker U, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging findings of the lumbar spine in elite horseback riders: correlations with back pain, body mass index, trunk/leg-length coefficient, and riding discipline. Am J Sports Med. 2009;37:2205–13. doi:10.1177/0363546509336927.
    • (2009) Am J Sports Med , vol.37 , pp. 2205-2213
    • Kraft, C.N.1    Pennekamp, P.H.2    Becker, U.3
  • 45
    • 0026275653 scopus 로고
    • The incidence of disk changes in volleyball players. The magnetic resonance findings [in Italian]
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK387lvFCnsA%3D%3D, PID: 178842
    • Bartolozzi C, Caramella D, Zampa V, et al. The incidence of disk changes in volleyball players. The magnetic resonance findings [in Italian]. Radiol Med. 1991;82:757–60.
    • (1991) Radiol Med , vol.82 , pp. 757-760
    • Bartolozzi, C.1    Caramella, D.2    Zampa, V.3
  • 46
    • 0025915647 scopus 로고
    • Spine injuries in gymnasts and swimmers. An epidemiologic investigation
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK38%2FnsVGmug%3D%3D, PID: 196271
    • Goldstein JD, Berger PE, Windler GE, et al. Spine injuries in gymnasts and swimmers. An epidemiologic investigation. Am J Sports Med. 1991;19:463–8.
    • (1991) Am J Sports Med , vol.19 , pp. 463-468
    • Goldstein, J.D.1    Berger, P.E.2    Windler, G.E.3
  • 47
    • 58149231144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lumbar intervertebral disk degeneration in athletes
    • PID: 1879969
    • Hangai M, Kaneoka K, Hinotsu S, et al. Lumbar intervertebral disk degeneration in athletes. Am J Sports Med. 2009;37:149–55. doi:10.1177/0363546508323252.
    • (2009) Am J Sports Med , vol.37 , pp. 149-155
    • Hangai, M.1    Kaneoka, K.2    Hinotsu, S.3
  • 48
    • 34447536858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lumbar intervertebral disk degeneration in elite competitive swimmers: a case control study
    • PID: 1740588
    • Kaneoka K, Shimizu K, Hangai M, et al. Lumbar intervertebral disk degeneration in elite competitive swimmers: a case control study. Am J Sports Med. 2007;35:1341–5. doi:10.1177/0363546507300259.
    • (2007) Am J Sports Med , vol.35 , pp. 1341-1345
    • Kaneoka, K.1    Shimizu, K.2    Hangai, M.3
  • 49
    • 0028910150 scopus 로고
    • The long-term effects of physical loading and exercise lifestyles on back-related symptoms, disability, and spinal pathology among men
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK2MzivVShsA%3D%3D, PID: 760434
    • Videman T, Sarna S, Battié MC, et al. The long-term effects of physical loading and exercise lifestyles on back-related symptoms, disability, and spinal pathology among men. Spine. 1995;20:699–709.
    • (1995) Spine , vol.20 , pp. 699-709
    • Videman, T.1    Sarna, S.2    Battié, M.C.3
  • 50
    • 0025001308 scopus 로고
    • 1990 Volvo Award in clinical sciences. Lumbar spinal pathology in cadaveric material in relation to history of back pain, occupation, and physical loading
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK3M%2FkvVagtA%3D%3D, PID: 214675
    • Videman T, Nurminen M, Troup JD. 1990 Volvo Award in clinical sciences. Lumbar spinal pathology in cadaveric material in relation to history of back pain, occupation, and physical loading. Spine. 1990;15:728–40.
    • (1990) Spine , vol.15 , pp. 728-740
    • Videman, T.1    Nurminen, M.2    Troup, J.D.3
  • 51
    • 84941201194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Loss and re-adaptation of lumbar intervertebral disc water signal intensity after prolonged bedrest
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BC283gs1Gmsw%3D%3D, PID: 2635094
    • Kordi M, Belavý DL, Armbrecht G, et al. Loss and re-adaptation of lumbar intervertebral disc water signal intensity after prolonged bedrest. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 2015;15:294–300.
    • (2015) J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact , vol.15 , pp. 294-300
    • Kordi, M.1    Belavý, D.L.2    Armbrecht, G.3
  • 52
    • 49849106199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors associated with lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration in the elderly
    • PID: 1803735
    • Hangai M, Kaneoka K, Kuno S, et al. Factors associated with lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration in the elderly. Spine J. 2008;8:732–40. doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2007.07.392.
    • (2008) Spine J , vol.8 , pp. 732-740
    • Hangai, M.1    Kaneoka, K.2    Kuno, S.3
  • 53
    • 0019941891 scopus 로고
    • Prolapsed intervertebral disc. A hyperflexion injury. 1981 Volvo Award in Basic Science
    • Adams MA, Hutton WC. Prolapsed intervertebral disc. A hyperflexion injury. 1981 Volvo Award in Basic Science. Spine. 1982;1982(7):184–91.
    • (1982) Spine , vol.1982 , Issue.7 , pp. 184-191
    • Adams, M.A.1    Hutton, W.C.2
  • 54
    • 84902298640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How healthy discs herniate: a biomechanical and microstructural study investigating the combined effects of compression rate and flexion
    • PID: 2450369
    • Wade KR, Robertson PA, Thambyah A, et al. How healthy discs herniate: a biomechanical and microstructural study investigating the combined effects of compression rate and flexion. Spine. 2014;39:1018–28. doi:10.1097/BRS.0000000000000262.
    • (2014) Spine , vol.39 , pp. 1018-1028
    • Wade, K.R.1    Robertson, P.A.2    Thambyah, A.3
  • 55
    • 0000856450 scopus 로고
    • A study of the mechanics of spinal injuries
    • Roaf R. A study of the mechanics of spinal injuries. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1960;42:810–23.
    • (1960) J Bone Joint Surg Br , vol.42 , pp. 810-823
    • Roaf, R.1
  • 56
    • 84864419058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ISSLS prize winner: lumbar vertebral endplate lesions: associations with disc degeneration and back pain history
    • PID: 2264803
    • Wang Y, Videman T, Battié MC. ISSLS prize winner: lumbar vertebral endplate lesions: associations with disc degeneration and back pain history. Spine. 2012;37:1490–6. doi:10.1097/BRS.0b013e3182608ac4.
    • (2012) Spine , vol.37 , pp. 1490-1496
    • Wang, Y.1    Videman, T.2    Battié, M.C.3
  • 57
    • 1042289635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental disc degeneration due to endplate injury
    • PID: 1473497
    • Holm S, Holm AK, Ekström L, et al. Experimental disc degeneration due to endplate injury. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2004;17:64–71.
    • (2004) J Spinal Disord Tech , vol.17 , pp. 64-71
    • Holm, S.1    Holm, A.K.2    Ekström, L.3
  • 58
    • 67549121195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dependency of disc degeneration on shear and tensile strains between annular fiber layers for complex loads
    • PID: 1919653
    • Schmidt H, Heuer F, Wilke H-J. Dependency of disc degeneration on shear and tensile strains between annular fiber layers for complex loads. Med Eng Phys. 2009;31:642–9. doi:10.1016/j.medengphy.2008.12.004.
    • (2009) Med Eng Phys , vol.31 , pp. 642-649
    • Schmidt, H.1    Heuer, F.2    Wilke, H.-J.3
  • 59
    • 0022379461 scopus 로고
    • Gradual disc prolapse
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaL28%2FpslSltQ%3D%3D, PID: 408186
    • Adams MA, Hutton WC. Gradual disc prolapse. Spine. 1985;10:524–31.
    • (1985) Spine , vol.10 , pp. 524-531
    • Adams, M.A.1    Hutton, W.C.2
  • 60
    • 0023629295 scopus 로고
    • Mechanical behavior of the human lumbar spine. II. Fatigue strength during dynamic compressive loading
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaL1c%2FmtFyjsQ%3D%3D, PID: 368152
    • Hansson TH, Keller TS, Spengler DM. Mechanical behavior of the human lumbar spine. II. Fatigue strength during dynamic compressive loading. J Orthop Res. 1987;5:479–87. doi:10.1002/jor.1100050403.
    • (1987) J Orthop Res , vol.5 , pp. 479-487
    • Hansson, T.H.1    Keller, T.S.2    Spengler, D.M.3
  • 61
    • 0020851470 scopus 로고
    • Variations in the nutrition of the canine intervertebral disc induced by motion
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaL2c7kslWksw%3D%3D, PID: 667002
    • Holm S, Nachemson A. Variations in the nutrition of the canine intervertebral disc induced by motion. Spine. 1983;8:866–74.
    • (1983) Spine , vol.8 , pp. 866-874
    • Holm, S.1    Nachemson, A.2
  • 62
    • 0027533372 scopus 로고
    • Effect of running exercise on proteoglycans and collagen content in the intervertebral disc of young dogs
    • PID: 844054
    • Säämänen AM, Puustjärvi K, Ilves K, et al. Effect of running exercise on proteoglycans and collagen content in the intervertebral disc of young dogs. Int J Sports Med. 1993;14:48–51. doi:10.1055/s-2007-1021145.
    • (1993) Int J Sports Med , vol.14 , pp. 48-51
    • Säämänen, A.M.1    Puustjärvi, K.2    Ilves, K.3
  • 63
    • 77954868507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of running exercise on intervertebral disc extracellular matrix production in a rat model
    • PID: 2059257
    • Brisby H, Wei AQ, Molloy T, et al. The effect of running exercise on intervertebral disc extracellular matrix production in a rat model. Spine. 2010;35:1429–36. doi:10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181e0f5bc.
    • (2010) Spine , vol.35 , pp. 1429-1436
    • Brisby, H.1    Wei, A.Q.2    Molloy, T.3
  • 64
    • 84864491938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physical exercise affects cell proliferation in lumbar intervertebral disc regions in rats
    • PID: 2236696
    • Sasaki N, Henriksson HB, Runesson E, et al. Physical exercise affects cell proliferation in lumbar intervertebral disc regions in rats. Spine. 2012;37:1440–7. doi:10.1097/BRS.0b013e31824ff87d.
    • (2012) Spine , vol.37 , pp. 1440-1447
    • Sasaki, N.1    Henriksson, H.B.2    Runesson, E.3
  • 65
    • 0027670509 scopus 로고
    • Proteoglycan synthesis in canine intervertebral discs after long-distance running training
    • PID: 841047
    • Puustjärvi K, Lammi M, Kiviranta I, et al. Proteoglycan synthesis in canine intervertebral discs after long-distance running training. J Orthop Res. 1993;11:738–46. doi:10.1002/jor.1100110516.
    • (1993) J Orthop Res , vol.11 , pp. 738-746
    • Puustjärvi, K.1    Lammi, M.2    Kiviranta, I.3
  • 66
    • 0028311283 scopus 로고
    • Proteoglycans in the intervertebral disc of young dogs following strenuous running exercise
    • PID: 803938
    • Puustjärvi K, Lammi M, Helminen H, et al. Proteoglycans in the intervertebral disc of young dogs following strenuous running exercise. Connect Tissue Res. 1994;30:225–40.
    • (1994) Connect Tissue Res , vol.30 , pp. 225-240
    • Puustjärvi, K.1    Lammi, M.2    Helminen, H.3
  • 67
    • 0027437306 scopus 로고
    • Enhanced prolylhydroxylase activity in the posterior annulus fibrosus of canine intervertebral discs following long-term running exercise
    • PID: 2005846
    • Puustjärvi K, Takala T, Wang W, et al. Enhanced prolylhydroxylase activity in the posterior annulus fibrosus of canine intervertebral discs following long-term running exercise. Eur Spine J. 1993;2:126–31.
    • (1993) Eur Spine J , vol.2 , pp. 126-131
    • Puustjärvi, K.1    Takala, T.2    Wang, W.3
  • 68
    • 0026772517 scopus 로고
    • Induced narrowing and back adaptation of lumbar intervertebral discs in biomechanically stressed rats
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK38zmslWjtg%3D%3D, PID: 150264
    • Neufeld JH. Induced narrowing and back adaptation of lumbar intervertebral discs in biomechanically stressed rats. Spine. 1992;17:811–6.
    • (1992) Spine , vol.17 , pp. 811-816
    • Neufeld, J.H.1
  • 69
    • 0023951312 scopus 로고
    • A study of the effects of bipedism and upright posture on the lumbosacral spine and paravertebral muscles of the Wistar rat
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaL1c3msVKjtw%3D%3D, PID: 338811
    • Cassidy JD, Yong-Hing K, Kirkaldy-Willis WH, et al. A study of the effects of bipedism and upright posture on the lumbosacral spine and paravertebral muscles of the Wistar rat. Spine. 1988;13:301–8.
    • (1988) Spine , vol.13 , pp. 301-308
    • Cassidy, J.D.1    Yong-Hing, K.2    Kirkaldy-Willis, W.H.3
  • 70
    • 0020577881 scopus 로고
    • Changes in the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc in bipedal mice. A light and electron microscopic study
    • PID: 683959
    • Higuchi M, Abe K, Kaneda K. Changes in the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disc in bipedal mice. A light and electron microscopic study. Clin Orthop. 1983;175:251–7.
    • (1983) Clin Orthop , vol.175 , pp. 251-257
    • Higuchi, M.1    Abe, K.2    Kaneda, K.3
  • 71
    • 0002895861 scopus 로고
    • The dynamics of experimental posture. Experimental study of intervertebral disk herniation in bipedal animals
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaF387psVWhtw%3D%3D, PID: 1400223
    • Yamada K. The dynamics of experimental posture. Experimental study of intervertebral disk herniation in bipedal animals. Clin Orthop. 1962;25:20–31.
    • (1962) Clin Orthop , vol.25 , pp. 20-31
    • Yamada, K.1
  • 72
    • 84855202454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of dynamic loading on the intervertebral disc
    • PID: 2154166
    • Chan SCW, Ferguson SJ, Gantenbein-Ritter B. The effects of dynamic loading on the intervertebral disc. Eur Spine J. 2011;20:1796–812. doi:10.1007/s00586-011-1827-1.
    • (2011) Eur Spine J , vol.20 , pp. 1796-1812
    • Chan, S.C.W.1    Ferguson, S.J.2    Gantenbein-Ritter, B.3
  • 73
    • 33645562103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of mechanical loading on intervertebral disc metabolism in vivo
    • PID: 1659544
    • Iatridis JC, MacLean JJ, Roughley PJ, et al. Effects of mechanical loading on intervertebral disc metabolism in vivo. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(Suppl 2):41–6.
    • (2006) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.88 , pp. 41-46
    • Iatridis, J.C.1    MacLean, J.J.2    Roughley, P.J.3
  • 74
    • 55449134206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human cells derived from degenerate intervertebral discs respond differently to those derived from non-degenerate intervertebral discs following application of dynamic hydrostatic pressure
    • PID: 1906500
    • Le Maitre CL, Frain J, Fotheringham AP, et al. Human cells derived from degenerate intervertebral discs respond differently to those derived from non-degenerate intervertebral discs following application of dynamic hydrostatic pressure. Biorheology. 2008;45:563–75.
    • (2008) Biorheology , vol.45 , pp. 563-575
    • Le Maitre, C.L.1    Frain, J.2    Fotheringham, A.P.3
  • 75
    • 0033560829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New in vivo measurements of pressures in the intervertebral disc in daily life
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK1M3jvFSgsw%3D%3D, PID: 1022252
    • Wilke HJ, Neef P, Caimi M, et al. New in vivo measurements of pressures in the intervertebral disc in daily life. Spine. 1999;24:755–62.
    • (1999) Spine , vol.24 , pp. 755-762
    • Wilke, H.J.1    Neef, P.2    Caimi, M.3
  • 76
    • 84875530031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic polymorphisms associated with intervertebral disc degeneration
    • PID: 2353745
    • Mayer JE, Iatridis JC, Chan D, et al. Genetic polymorphisms associated with intervertebral disc degeneration. Spine J. 2013;13:299–317. doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2013.01.041.
    • (2013) Spine J , vol.13 , pp. 299-317
    • Mayer, J.E.1    Iatridis, J.C.2    Chan, D.3
  • 77
    • 0037082157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for lumbar disc degeneration: a 5-year prospective MRI study in asymptomatic individuals
    • PID: 1180565
    • Elfering A, Semmer N, Birkhofer D, et al. Risk factors for lumbar disc degeneration: a 5-year prospective MRI study in asymptomatic individuals. Spine. 2002;27:125–34.
    • (2002) Spine , vol.27 , pp. 125-134
    • Elfering, A.1    Semmer, N.2    Birkhofer, D.3
  • 78
    • 77952293868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Matrix metalloproteinase-3 and vitamin d receptor genetic polymorphisms, and their interactions with occupational exposure in lumbar disc degeneration
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXivVaktbg%3D, PID: 2000941
    • Yuan H-Y, Tang Y, Liang Y-X, et al. Matrix metalloproteinase-3 and vitamin d receptor genetic polymorphisms, and their interactions with occupational exposure in lumbar disc degeneration. J Occup Health. 2010;52:23–30.
    • (2010) J Occup Health , vol.52 , pp. 23-30
    • Yuan, H.-Y.1    Tang, Y.2    Liang, Y.-X.3
  • 79
    • 0014605523 scopus 로고
    • Anatomy of the intervertebral disk
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaE3c%2FmsFyruw%3D%3D, PID: 536120
    • Coventry MB. Anatomy of the intervertebral disk. Clin Orthop. 1969;67:9–15.
    • (1969) Clin Orthop , vol.67 , pp. 9-15
    • Coventry, M.B.1
  • 80
    • 0021990523 scopus 로고
    • Water and electrolyte content of human intervertebral discs under variable load
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaL2M7mvVGisw%3D%3D, PID: 398370
    • Kraemer J, Kolditz D, Gowin R. Water and electrolyte content of human intervertebral discs under variable load. Spine. 1985;10:69–71.
    • (1985) Spine , vol.10 , pp. 69-71
    • Kraemer, J.1    Kolditz, D.2    Gowin, R.3
  • 81
    • 0022929771 scopus 로고
    • Biomechanical properties of human intervertebral discs subjected to axial dynamic compression–influence of age and degeneration
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaL2s%2FlslCntQ%3D%3D, PID: 378216
    • Koeller W, Muehlhaus S, Meier W, et al. Biomechanical properties of human intervertebral discs subjected to axial dynamic compression–influence of age and degeneration. J Biomech. 1986;19:807–16.
    • (1986) J Biomech , vol.19 , pp. 807-816
    • Koeller, W.1    Muehlhaus, S.2    Meier, W.3
  • 82
    • 0024990424 scopus 로고
    • Intervertebral disk: normal age-related changes in MR signal intensity
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK3M%2FhvVejsw%3D%3D, PID: 221777
    • Sether LA, Yu S, Haughton VM, et al. Intervertebral disk: normal age-related changes in MR signal intensity. Radiology. 1990;177:385–8. doi:10.1148/radiology.177.2.2217773.
    • (1990) Radiology , vol.177 , pp. 385-388
    • Sether, L.A.1    Yu, S.2    Haughton, V.M.3
  • 83
    • 0036894572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classification of age-related changes in lumbar intervertebral discs: 2002 Volvo Award in basic science
    • PID: 1246138
    • Boos N, Weissbach S, Rohrbach H, et al. Classification of age-related changes in lumbar intervertebral discs: 2002 Volvo Award in basic science. Spine. 2002;27:2631–44. doi:10.1097/01.BRS.0000035304.27153.5B.
    • (2002) Spine , vol.27 , pp. 2631-2644
    • Boos, N.1    Weissbach, S.2    Rohrbach, H.3
  • 84
    • 0035868784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disc height and signal intensity of the nucleus pulposus on magnetic resonance imaging as indicators of lumbar disc degeneration
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M3mvFKmtQ%3D%3D, PID: 1124638
    • Luoma K, Vehmas T, Riihimäki H, et al. Disc height and signal intensity of the nucleus pulposus on magnetic resonance imaging as indicators of lumbar disc degeneration. Spine. 2001;26:680–6.
    • (2001) Spine , vol.26 , pp. 680-686
    • Luoma, K.1    Vehmas, T.2    Riihimäki, H.3
  • 85
    • 84907863197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure, function, aging and turnover of aggrecan in the intervertebral disc
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXht1Kisb%2FI, PID: 2506528
    • Sivan SS, Wachtel E, Roughley P. Structure, function, aging and turnover of aggrecan in the intervertebral disc. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2014;1840:3181–9. doi:10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.07.013.
    • (2014) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1840 , pp. 3181-3189
    • Sivan, S.S.1    Wachtel, E.2    Roughley, P.3
  • 86
    • 0036335021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is there a critical period for bone response to weight-bearing exercise in children and adolescents? A systematic review
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD38zpsFylug%3D%3D, PID: 12145113, (discussion 257
    • MacKelvie KJ, Khan KM, McKay HA. Is there a critical period for bone response to weight-bearing exercise in children and adolescents? A systematic review. Br J Sports Med. 2002;36:250–7 (discussion 257).
    • (2002) Br J Sports Med , vol.36 , pp. 250-257
    • MacKelvie, K.J.1    Khan, K.M.2    McKay, H.A.3
  • 87
    • 0029898214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diurnal changes in lumbar intervertebral distance, measured using ultrasound
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK28vjs1Kmtw%3D%3D, PID: 883947
    • Ledsome JR, Lessoway V, Susak LE, et al. Diurnal changes in lumbar intervertebral distance, measured using ultrasound. Spine. 1996;21:1671–5.
    • (1996) Spine , vol.21 , pp. 1671-1675
    • Ledsome, J.R.1    Lessoway, V.2    Susak, L.E.3
  • 88
    • 84929313615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age related reduction of T1rho and T2 magnetic resonance relaxation times of lumbar intervertebral disc
    • PID: 2520266
    • Wang Y-XJ, Griffith JF, Leung JCS, et al. Age related reduction of T1rho and T2 magnetic resonance relaxation times of lumbar intervertebral disc. Quant Imaging Med Surg. 2014;4:259–64. doi:10.3978/j.issn.2223-4292.2014.07.14.
    • (2014) Quant Imaging Med Surg , vol.4 , pp. 259-264
    • Wang, Y.-X.J.1    Griffith, J.F.2    Leung, J.C.S.3
  • 89
    • 0031049855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spinal radiographic findings and nonspecific low back pain. A systematic review of observational studies
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK2s3gvVWntw%3D%3
    • VanTulder MW, Assendelft WJ, Koes BW, et al. Spinal radiographic findings and nonspecific low back pain. A systematic review of observational studies. Spine. 1997;22:427–34.
    • (1997) Spine , vol.22 , pp. 427-434
    • VanTulder, M.W.1    Assendelft, W.J.2    Koes, B.W.3
  • 90
    • 0025029319 scopus 로고
    • Abnormal magnetic-resonance scans of the cervical spine in asymptomatic subjects. A prospective investigation
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK3cznsFGltA%3D%3D, PID: 239808
    • Boden SD, McCowin PR, Davis DO, et al. Abnormal magnetic-resonance scans of the cervical spine in asymptomatic subjects. A prospective investigation. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1990;72:1178–84.
    • (1990) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.72 , pp. 1178-1184
    • Boden, S.D.1    McCowin, P.R.2    Davis, D.O.3
  • 91
    • 0025308318 scopus 로고
    • Abnormal magnetic-resonance scans of the lumbar spine in asymptomatic subjects. A prospective investigation
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK3c7os1Ogsg%3D%3D, PID: 231253
    • Boden SD, Davis DO, Dina TS, et al. Abnormal magnetic-resonance scans of the lumbar spine in asymptomatic subjects. A prospective investigation. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1990;72:403–8.
    • (1990) J Bone Joint Surg Am , vol.72 , pp. 403-408
    • Boden, S.D.1    Davis, D.O.2    Dina, T.S.3
  • 92
    • 0017359192 scopus 로고
    • Degenerative changes in the intervertebral discs of the lumbar spine and their sequelae
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaE2s7ltVehsg%3D%3D, PID: 84732
    • Vernon-Roberts B, Pirie CJ. Degenerative changes in the intervertebral discs of the lumbar spine and their sequelae. Rheumatol Rehabil. 1977;16:13–21.
    • (1977) Rheumatol Rehabil , vol.16 , pp. 13-21
    • Vernon-Roberts, B.1    Pirie, C.J.2
  • 93
    • 0035449038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance classification of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3MritVOnsQ%3D%3D, PID: 1156869
    • Pfirrmann CW, Metzdorf A, Zanetti M, et al. Magnetic resonance classification of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration. Spine. 2001;26:1873–8.
    • (2001) Spine , vol.26 , pp. 1873-1878
    • Pfirrmann, C.W.1    Metzdorf, A.2    Zanetti, M.3
  • 94
    • 78651316708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Countermeasures against lumbar spine deconditioning in prolonged bed-rest: resistive exercise with and without whole-body vibration
    • PID: 2086456
    • Belavý DL, Armbrecht G, Gast U, et al. Countermeasures against lumbar spine deconditioning in prolonged bed-rest: resistive exercise with and without whole-body vibration. J Appl Physiol. 2010;109:1801–11.
    • (2010) J Appl Physiol , vol.109 , pp. 1801-1811
    • Belavý, D.L.1    Armbrecht, G.2    Gast, U.3
  • 95
    • 20144377963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introduction: disc degeneration: summary
    • PID: 1556491
    • An HS, Anderson PA, Haughton VM, et al. Introduction: disc degeneration: summary. Spine. 2004;29:2677–8.
    • (2004) Spine , vol.29 , pp. 2677-2678
    • An, H.S.1    Anderson, P.A.2    Haughton, V.M.3
  • 96
    • 65549124972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T2 relaxation times of intervertebral disc tissue correlated with water content and proteoglycan content
    • PID: 1924717
    • Marinelli NL, Haughton VM, Munoz A, et al. T2 relaxation times of intervertebral disc tissue correlated with water content and proteoglycan content. Spine. 2009;34:520–4.
    • (2009) Spine , vol.34 , pp. 520-524
    • Marinelli, N.L.1    Haughton, V.M.2    Munoz, A.3
  • 97
    • 0026896417 scopus 로고
    • Correlating magnetic resonance imaging with the biochemical content of the normal human intervertebral disc
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DyaK38XmtVyjur8%3D, PID: 161362
    • Weidenbaum M, Foster RJ, Best BA, et al. Correlating magnetic resonance imaging with the biochemical content of the normal human intervertebral disc. J Orthop Res. 1992;10:552–61. doi:10.1002/jor.1100100410.
    • (1992) J Orthop Res , vol.10 , pp. 552-561
    • Weidenbaum, M.1    Foster, R.J.2    Best, B.A.3
  • 98
    • 0031723670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of degenerative disc disease
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK1M%2FlsVGksg%3D%3D, PID: 984083
    • Antoniou J, Pike GB, Steffen T, et al. Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of degenerative disc disease. Magn Reson Med. 1998;40:900–7.
    • (1998) Magn Reson Med , vol.40 , pp. 900-907
    • Antoniou, J.1    Pike, G.B.2    Steffen, T.3
  • 99
    • 17644426370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of apparent diffusion coefficient in normal and degenerated intervertebral lumbar disks: initial experience
    • PID: 1579815
    • Kealey SM, Aho T, Delong D, et al. Assessment of apparent diffusion coefficient in normal and degenerated intervertebral lumbar disks: initial experience. Radiology. 2005;235:569–74. doi:10.1148/radiol.2352040437.
    • (2005) Radiology , vol.235 , pp. 569-574
    • Kealey, S.M.1    Aho, T.2    Delong, D.3
  • 100
    • 3342991804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apparent diffusion coefficient of intervertebral discs related to matrix composition and integrity
    • PID: 1528813
    • Antoniou J, Demers CN, Beaudoin G, et al. Apparent diffusion coefficient of intervertebral discs related to matrix composition and integrity. Magn Reson Imaging. 2004;22:963–72. doi:10.1016/j.mri.2004.02.011.
    • (2004) Magn Reson Imaging , vol.22 , pp. 963-972
    • Antoniou, J.1    Demers, C.N.2    Beaudoin, G.3
  • 101
    • 84880826453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of apparent diffusion coefficient and T2 relaxation time variation patterns in assessment of age and disc level related intervertebral disc changes
    • COI: 1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXht1CmtL%2FE, PID: 2392268
    • Wu N, Liu H, Chen J, et al. Comparison of apparent diffusion coefficient and T2 relaxation time variation patterns in assessment of age and disc level related intervertebral disc changes. PLoS One. 2013;8:e69052. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0069052.
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8 , pp. e69052
    • Wu, N.1    Liu, H.2    Chen, J.3
  • 102
    • 33646810491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of human disc degeneration and proteoglycan content using T1rho-weighted magnetic resonance imaging
    • PID: 1668804
    • Johannessen W, Auerbach JD, Wheaton AJ, et al. Assessment of human disc degeneration and proteoglycan content using T1rho-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Spine. 2006;31:1253–7. doi:10.1097/01.brs.0000217708.54880.51.
    • (2006) Spine , vol.31 , pp. 1253-1257
    • Johannessen, W.1    Auerbach, J.D.2    Wheaton, A.J.3
  • 103
    • 14844362721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ISSLS prize winner: a study of diffusion in human lumbar discs: a serial magnetic resonance imaging study documenting the influence of the endplate on diffusion in normal and degenerate discs
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DC%2BD2cnjtlGrsQ%3D%3D, PID: 1556491
    • Rajasekaran S, Babu JN, Arun R, et al. ISSLS prize winner: a study of diffusion in human lumbar discs: a serial magnetic resonance imaging study documenting the influence of the endplate on diffusion in normal and degenerate discs. Spine. 2004;29:2654–67.
    • (2004) Spine , vol.29 , pp. 2654-2667
    • Rajasekaran, S.1    Babu, J.N.2    Arun, R.3
  • 104
    • 0032471414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring diffusion of solutes into intervertebral disks with MR imaging and paramagnetic contrast medium
    • COI: 1:STN:280:DyaK1M%2FhslCqsw%3D%3D, PID: 980250
    • Nguyen-minh C, Haughton VM, Papke RA, et al. Measuring diffusion of solutes into intervertebral disks with MR imaging and paramagnetic contrast medium. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1998;19:1781–4.
    • (1998) AJNR Am J Neuroradiol , vol.19 , pp. 1781-1784
    • Nguyen-minh, C.1    Haughton, V.M.2    Papke, R.A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.