메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2007, Pages 1-291

Global Issues in Language, Education and Development: Perspectives from Postcolonial Countries

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 84949446331     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Book
Times cited : (73)

References (373)
  • 1
    • 84979343886 scopus 로고
    • The power of English in Pakistan
    • Abbas, S. (1993) The power of English in Pakistan. World Englishes 2(2), 147-56.
    • (1993) World Englishes , vol.2 , Issue.2 , pp. 147-156
    • Abbas, S.1
  • 2
    • 85140680569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Average net sales analysis. July 2004-December 2004. Rev 1-21/2/05. On WWW at
    • ABC (2005) Urban daily newspapers. Average net sales analysis. July 2004-December 2004. Rev 1-21/2/05. On WWW at http://www.biz-community. com/Article/196/15/5847.html.
    • (2005) Urban Daily Newspapers
  • 3
    • 84890535075 scopus 로고
    • Tanzania’s national language policy
    • Whiteley, W.H. (ed.), London: Oxford University Press
    • Abdulaziz, M.H. (1971) Tanzania’s national language policy. In Whiteley, W.H. (ed.). Language Use and Social Change. London: Oxford University Press.
    • (1971) Language Use and Social Change
    • Abdulaziz, M.H.1
  • 4
    • 85140696986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New trends and processes in Africa in the nineteenth century
    • In Adhikari, M. (ed.)., (Vol.,) (pp.,). J.F.A
    • Ade Ajayi, J.J. (2003) New trends and processes in Africa in the nineteenth century. In Adhikari, M. (ed.). Africa in the Nineteenth Century Until the 1880s (Vol. VI) (pp. 1-10). J.F.A.
    • (2003) Africa in the Nineteenth Century until the 1880S , vol.6 , pp. 1-10
    • Ade Ajayi, J.J.1
  • 6
    • 84928372333 scopus 로고
    • Africa and the colonial challenge
    • (a), Boahen, A. (ed.), General History of Africa. London, Paris, Berkeley: Heinemann Educational Books Ltd., UNESCO, University of California Press
    • Adu Boahen, A. (1985a) Africa and the colonial challenge. In Boahen, A. (ed.). Africa Under Colonial Domination 1880-1935 (Vol. VII) (pp. 1-18). General History of Africa. London, Paris, Berkeley: Heinemann Educational Books Ltd., UNESCO, University of California Press.
    • (1985) Africa under Colonial Domination 1880-1935 , vol.7 , pp. 1-18
    • Adu Boahen, A.1
  • 7
    • 84857859537 scopus 로고
    • Colonialism in Africa: Its impact and significance
    • (b), Adu Boahen, A. (ed.), General History of Africa. London, Paris, Berkeley: Heinemann Educational Books
    • Adu Boahen, A. (1985b) Colonialism in Africa: Its impact and significance. In Adu Boahen, A. (ed.). Africa Under Colonial Domination 1880-1935 (pp. 782-809). General History of Africa. London, Paris, Berkeley: Heinemann Educational Books.
    • (1985) Africa under Colonial Domination 1880-1935 , pp. 782-809
    • Adu Boahen, A.1
  • 8
    • 85140665071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New trends and processes in Africa in the nineteenth century
    • Ajayi, J.F.A. (ed.), General History of Africa. Glosderry: New Africa Books
    • Adu Boahen, A. (2003) New trends and processes in Africa in the nineteenth century. In Ajayi, J.F.A. (ed.). Africa in the Nineteenth Century Until the 1880s (Vol. VI) (pp. 15-20). General History of Africa. Glosderry: New Africa Books.
    • (2003) Africa in the Nineteenth Century until the 1880S , vol.6 , pp. 15-20
    • Adu Boahen, A.1
  • 9
    • 85140697118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On WWW at
    • Advanced Workplace Associates (2002) Paper 9 Going Offshore. On WWW at http://www.advanced-workplace.com.
    • (2002) Paper 9 Going Offshore
  • 10
    • 33748064301 scopus 로고
    • The social repercussions of colonial rule: The new social structures
    • Boahen, A.A. (ed.), General History of Africa. London, Paris, Berkeley: Heinemann Education with UNESCO and the University of California
    • Afigbo, A.E. (1985) The social repercussions of colonial rule: The new social structures. In Boahen, A.A. (ed.). Africa Under Colonial Domination 1880-1935 (Vol. VII) (pp. 487-507). General History of Africa. London, Paris, Berkeley: Heinemann Education with UNESCO and the University of California.
    • (1985) Africa under Colonial Domination 1880-1935 , vol.7 , pp. 487-507
    • Afigbo, A.E.1
  • 11
    • 33845410422 scopus 로고
    • Language interlarding in the speech of Nigerians
    • Der-Houssikian, P.F.A.K.a.H. (ed.), Columbia, SC: Hornbeam
    • Agheyisi, R. (1977) Language interlarding in the speech of Nigerians. In Der-Houssikian, P.F.A.K.a.H. (ed.). Language and Linguistic Problems in Africa. (pp. 97-110). Columbia, SC: Hornbeam.
    • (1977) Language and Linguistic Problems in Africa , pp. 97-110
    • Agheyisi, R.1
  • 12
    • 85140689261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Islam, democracy and citizenship: An examination of the social studies curriculum in Pakistan. Current Issues in Comparative Education: Literacy
    • Ahmad, I. (2004) Islam, democracy and citizenship: An examination of the social studies curriculum in Pakistan. Current Issues in Comparative Education: Literacy, Education and Development (Vol. 7) (pp. 1-11).
    • (2004) Education and Development , vol.7 , pp. 1-11
    • Ahmad, I.1
  • 19
    • 84857933965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cape Town: Project for the Study of Alternative Education in South Africa (PRAESA)
    • Alexander, N. (2005) The Intellectualisation of African Languages. Cape Town: Project for the Study of Alternative Education in South Africa (PRAESA).
    • (2005) The Intellectualisation of African Languages
    • Alexander, N.1
  • 21
    • 78649711329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The time-space of national memory
    • Brehony, K. and Rassool, N, Basingstoke: Macmillan Press
    • Allan, S. and Thompson, A. (1999) The time-space of national memory. In Brehony, K. and Rassool, N. (eds). Nationalisms Old and New (pp. 35-50). Basingstoke: Macmillan Press.
    • (1999) Nationalisms Old and New , pp. 35-50
    • Allan, S.1    Thompson, A.2
  • 24
    • 85140667229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On WWW at, Accessed 3.06.05
    • Anonymous. (2005) History. On WWW at http://users.aber.ac.uk/jbb1/history.htm. Accessed 3.06.05.
    • (2005) History
  • 25
    • 85140696297 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classes on Arabic see large rise in popularity
    • On WWW at,. Accessed 11.05.05
    • Anthes, E. (2002) Classes on Arabic see large rise in popularity. In Yale Daily News. On WWW at http://www.yaledailynews.com/article.asp?AID+19783. Accessed 11.05.05.
    • (2002) In Yale Daily News
    • Anthes, E.1
  • 26
    • 0043057313 scopus 로고
    • Disjuncture and difference in the global cultural economy
    • Chrisman, L. and Williams, P., London: Harvester Wheatsheaf
    • Appadurai, A. (1993) Disjuncture and difference in the global cultural economy. In Chrisman, L. and Williams, P. (eds). Colonial Discourse and Post-Colonial Theory: A Reader (pp. 324-39). London: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
    • (1993) Colonial Discourse and Post-Colonial Theory: A Reader , pp. 324-339
    • Appadurai, A.1
  • 28
    • 85140662077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Responses to the PANSALB Education sub-committee’s Presentation to the Education Portfolio Committee, National Assembly, Parliament
    • (a)
    • Asmal, K. (2001a) Responses to the PANSALB Education sub-committee’s Presentation to the Education Portfolio Committee, National Assembly, Parliament, 20 February.
    • (2001) 20 February
    • Asmal, K.1
  • 30
    • 85140673038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advanced Workplace Associates Ltd. On WWW at, Accessed 2.01.04
    • Associates, Advanced Workplace (2002) Going Offshore, advanced working papers. Advanced Workplace Associates Ltd. On WWW at http://www. advanced-workplace.com. Accessed 2.01.04.
    • (2002) Going Offshore, Advanced Working Papers
  • 32
    • 85065932370 scopus 로고
    • Imperialism, social control and the colonial curriculum in Africa
    • Goodson, I.F. and Ball, S.J, London: The Falmer Press
    • Ball, S. (1984) Imperialism, social control and the colonial curriculum in Africa. In Goodson, I.F. and Ball, S.J. (eds) Defining the Curriculum: Histories and Ethnographies (pp. 117-47). London: The Falmer Press.
    • (1984) Defining the Curriculum: Histories and Ethnographies , pp. 117-147
    • Ball, S.1
  • 37
    • 85140673241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On WWW at,. Accessed 14.03.04
    • Berlin Conference Background. Vol. 2004: Thinkquest E-Diplomacy. On WWW at http://library.thinkquest.org. Accessed 14.03.04.
    • Vol. 2004: Thinkquest E-Diplomacy
  • 38
    • 0001101908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Etnicity, patronage and the African state: The politics of uncivil nationalism
    • Berman, B.J. (1998) Etnicity, patronage and the African state: The politics of uncivil nationalism. African Affairs 97, 305-41.
    • (1998) African Affairs , vol.97 , pp. 305-341
    • Berman, B.J.1
  • 40
  • 41
    • 85014596976 scopus 로고
    • Development
    • Thomas, A. and Bernstein, H, Milton Keynes: The Open University Press
    • Bernstein, H. (1983) Development. In Thomas, A. and Bernstein, H. (eds) The Third World and Development. Milton Keynes: The Open University Press.
    • (1983) The Third World and Development
    • Bernstein, H.1
  • 42
    • 70350602253 scopus 로고
    • Methods and institutions of European domination
    • Boahen, A.A. (ed.), General History of Africa. London, Paris, Berkeley: Heinemann Educational Books Ltd, UNESCO and University of California
    • Betts, R.F. (1985) Methods and institutions of European domination. In Boahen, A.A. (ed.) Africa Under Colonial Domination 1880-1935 (Vol. VII) (pp. 312-31). General History of Africa. London, Paris, Berkeley: Heinemann Educational Books Ltd, UNESCO and University of California.
    • (1985) Africa under Colonial Domination 1880-1935 , vol.7 , pp. 312-331
    • Betts, R.F.1
  • 47
    • 32444444012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A case study of Xhosa and English biliteracy in the foundation phase versus English as a ‘medium of destruction
    • Bloch, C. (2002) A case study of Xhosa and English biliteracy in the foundation phase versus English as a ‘medium of destruction’. Perspectives in Education 20(1), 65-78.
    • (2002) Perspectives in Education , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 65-78
    • Bloch, C.1
  • 48
    • 84937341328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Asmara Declaration as a sociolinguistic problem. Reflections on scholarship and linguistic rights
    • Blommaert, J. (2001) The Asmara Declaration as a sociolinguistic problem. Reflections on scholarship and linguistic rights. Journal of Sociolinguistics 5(1), 131-55.
    • (2001) Journal of Sociolinguistics , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 131-155
    • Blommaert, J.1
  • 50
    • 84965572609 scopus 로고
    • The economics of linguistic exchanges
    • Bourdieu, P. (1977) The economics of linguistic exchanges. Social Science Information 16, 645-68.
    • (1977) Social Science Information , vol.16 , pp. 645-668
    • Bourdieu, P.1
  • 60
    • 0010295661 scopus 로고
    • The social repercussions of colonial rule: Demographic aspects
    • Boahen, A. (ed.), London, Paris, Berkeley: Heinemann Educational Books Ltd
    • Caldwell, J.C. (1985) The social repercussions of colonial rule: Demographic aspects. In Boahen, A. (ed.) Africa Under Colonial Domination 1880 to 1935 (Vol. VII) General History of Africa (pp. 458-86). London, Paris, Berkeley: Heinemann Educational Books Ltd.
    • (1985) Africa under Colonial Domination 1880 to 1935 (Vol. VII) General History of Africa , pp. 458-486
    • Caldwell, J.C.1
  • 64
    • 85042997338 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language and Education in Mali: A Consideration of Two Approaches
    • University of Reading, United Kingdom
    • Canvin, M. (2003) Language and Education in Mali: A Consideration of Two Approaches. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Reading, United Kingdom.
    • (2003) Unpublished Phd Thesis
    • Canvin, M.1
  • 65
    • 0002736291 scopus 로고
    • The informational economy and the new international division of labour
    • Carnoy, M.C.M., Cohen, S. and Cardoso, F, Basingstoke: Macmillan Press Ltd
    • Castells, M. (1993) The informational economy and the new international division of labour. In Carnoy, M.C.M., Cohen, S. and Cardoso, F. (eds) The New Global Economy in the Information Age: Reflections on our Changing World (pp. 15-44). Basingstoke: Macmillan Press Ltd.
    • (1993) The New Global Economy in the Information Age: Reflections on Our Changing World , pp. 15-44
    • Castells, M.1
  • 68
    • 85140684330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Political Economy of Educational Policy Reform in Mali: A Stakeholder Analysis
    • October, Washington: Management Systems International (personal copy by kind permission of R. Charlick)
    • Charlick, R., Wing, S. and Kone, M. (October 1998) The Political Economy of Educational Policy Reform in Mali: A Stakeholder Analysis. A Report in Partial Fulfillment of IQC: AEP-5468-I-00-6060-00 DO 806 (MSI Project 3224-023). Washington: Management Systems International (personal copy by kind permission of R. Charlick).
    • (1998) A Report in Partial Fulfillment of IQC: AEP-5468-I-00-6060-00 DO 806 (MSI Project 3224-023)
    • Charlick, R.1    Wing, S.2    Kone, M.3
  • 73
    • 84978833123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A report for the Language Plan Task Group (unpublished mimeo)
    • Cluver, A. (1996) Language development in South Africa. A report for the Language Plan Task Group (unpublished mimeo).
    • (1996) Language Development in South Africa
    • Cluver, A.1
  • 77
    • 0001773425 scopus 로고
    • The influence of bilingualism on cognitive growth: A synthesis of research findings and explanatory hypotheses
    • Cumings, J. (1976) The influence of bilingualism on cognitive growth: A synthesis of research findings and explanatory hypotheses. Working Papers on Bilingualism 9, 1-43.
    • (1976) Working Papers on Bilingualism , vol.9 , pp. 1-43
    • Cumings, J.1
  • 82
    • 32444437748 scopus 로고
    • Bilingualism, the devil and the big wide world
    • Heugh, K., Siegrühn, A. and Plüddemann, P., Johannesburg: Heinemann
    • De Klerk, G. (1995) Bilingualism, the devil and the big wide world. In Heugh, K., Siegrühn, A. and Plüddemann, P. (eds) Multilingual Education for South Africa (pp. 53-62). Johannesburg: Heinemann.
    • (1995) Multilingual Education for South Africa , pp. 53-62
    • de Klerk, G.1
  • 83
    • 20444463667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language issues in our schools: Whose voice counts? Part 1: The parents speak
    • De Klerk, V. (2002a) Language issues in our schools: Whose voice counts? Part 1: The parents speak. Perspectives in Education 20(1), 1-14.
    • (2002) Perspectives in Education , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-14
    • de Klerk, V.1
  • 84
    • 20444463667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language issues in our schools: Whose voice counts? Part 2: The teachers speak
    • De Klerk, V. (2002b) Language issues in our schools: Whose voice counts? Part 2: The teachers speak. Perspectives in Education 20(1), 15-27.
    • (2002) Perspectives in Education , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 15-27
    • de Klerk, V.1
  • 85
    • 42649092824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The regulation of education through the WTO/GATS
    • On WWW at, Accessed 28.06.05
    • de Sigueira, A.C. (2005) The regulation of education through the WTO/GATS. Journal for Critical Education Policy Studies. (Vol. 3). On WWW at http://www.jceps.com/?pageID=articleandarticleID=41. Accessed 28.06.05.
    • (2005) Journal for Critical Education Policy Studies , vol.3
    • de Sigueira, A.C.1
  • 93
    • 30944459571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring the international mobility of skilled workers (1990-2000)
    • Washington: The World Bank
    • Docquier, F. and Marfouk, A. (2004) Measuring the international mobility of skilled workers (1990-2000). Policy Research Working Papers 3381. Washington: The World Bank.
    • (2004) Policy Research Working Papers 3381
    • Docquier, F.1    Marfouk, A.2
  • 96
    • 0041987020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pretoria: Department of Education
    • DoE (1997) Language-in-Education Policy. Pretoria: Department of Education.
    • (1997) Language-In-Education Policy
  • 100
    • 0003130003 scopus 로고
    • How English is it? Popular literature and national culture
    • Carter, E., Donald, J. and Squires, J, London: Lawrence Wishart
    • Donald, J. (1993) How English is it? Popular literature and national culture. In Carter, E., Donald, J. and Squires, J. (eds) Space and Place: Theories of Identity and Culture (pp. 165-86). London: Lawrence Wishart.
    • (1993) Space and Place: Theories of Identity and Culture , pp. 165-186
    • Donald, J.1
  • 102
    • 84858573237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • L’enseignement du bambara selon la pédagogie convergente au Mali: Théorie et pratiques
    • Doumbia, A.T. (2000) L’enseignement du bambara selon la pédagogie convergente au Mali: théorie et pratiques. Nordic Journal of African Studies 9(3), 98-107.
    • (2000) Nordic Journal of African Studies , vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp. 98-107
    • Doumbia, A.T.1
  • 103
    • 70349947664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multilingualism and language-in-education policy in South Africa - a historical overview
    • Cuvelier, P., du Plessis, T. and Teck, L, Pretoria: Van Schaik
    • Du Plessis, T. (2003) Multilingualism and language-in-education policy in South Africa - a historical overview. In Cuvelier, P., du Plessis, T. and Teck, L. (eds) Multilingualism, Education and Social Integration. Studies in Language Policy in South Africa. Pretoria: Van Schaik.
    • (2003) Multilingualism, Education and Social Integration. Studies in Language Policy in South Africa
    • du Plessis, T.1
  • 105
    • 85140698260 scopus 로고
    • Mali: Language situation
    • In Asher, R.E. (ed. in chief), Simpson, J.M.Y. (coordinating editor)., (Vol.,) (pp.,). Oxford: Pergamon Press Ltd
    • Dumestre, G. (1994) Mali: Language situation. In Asher, R.E. (ed. in chief), Simpson, J.M.Y. (coordinating editor). The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics (Vol. 5) (pp. 2353-54). Oxford: Pergamon Press Ltd.
    • (1994) The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics , vol.5 , pp. 2353-2354
    • Dumestre, G.1
  • 107
    • 0009380897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (Nonformal Education Working Group, Research Studies Series no. 8). London: ADEA (IWG/NFE.GTI/ENF). On WWW at
    • Easton, P. and Peach, M. (1997) The Practical Applications of Koranic Learning in West Africa. (Nonformal Education Working Group, Research Studies Series no. 8). London: ADEA (IWG/NFE.GTI/ENF). On WWW at http://www.adeanet.org/.
    • (1997) The Practical Applications of Koranic Learning in West Africa
    • Easton, P.1    Peach, M.2
  • 108
    • 77950271211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colonialism and linguistic dilemmas in Africa: Cameroon as a paradigm (revisited)
    • Echu, G. (1999) Colonialism and linguistic dilemmas in Africa: Cameroon as a paradigm (revisited). Quest: An African Journal of Philosophy XIII, 19-26.
    • (1999) Quest: An African Journal of Philosophy , vol.13 , pp. 19-26
    • Echu, G.1
  • 109
    • 84948660039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nation-building and changing political structures
    • Mazrui, A. and Wondi, C, (Vol.,) (pp.,). Africa Since 1935, Glosderry, South Africa: UNESCO and National Africa Education
    • Elaigwu, J. and Mazrui, A. (2003) Nation-building and changing political structures. In Mazrui, A. and Wondi, C. (eds) General History of Africa (Vol. VIII) (pp. 435-67). Africa Since 1935, Glosderry, South Africa: UNESCO and National Africa Education.
    • (2003) General History of Africa , vol.8 , pp. 435-467
    • Elaigwu, J.1    Mazrui, A.2
  • 111
    • 85140699517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Institute of Islamic Studies and Centre for Study of Society and Secularism. On WWW at, Accessed 2.01.05
    • Engineer, A.A. (2000) The problematique of nation building in South Asia: the case of Pakistan. Institute of Islamic Studies and Centre for Study of Society and Secularism. On WWW at http://www.ecumene.org/IIS/CSS29.html. Accessed 2.01.05.
    • (2000) The Problematique of Nation Building in South Asia: The Case of Pakistan
    • Engineer, A.A.1
  • 112
    • 34248727307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macaulay’s Minute Revisited: Colonial language policy in nineteenth-century India
    • Evans, S. (2002) Macaulay’s Minute Revisited: Colonial language policy in nineteenth-century India. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 23, 260-81.
    • (2002) Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development , vol.23 , pp. 260-281
    • Evans, S.1
  • 118
    • 0001844449 scopus 로고
    • Governmentality
    • Burchell, G., Gordon, C. and Miller, P, Hemel Hempstead: Harvester Wheatsheaf
    • Foucault, M. (1991) Governmentality. In Burchell, G., Gordon, C. and Miller, P. (eds) The Foucault Effect: Studies in Governmentality (pp. 87-104). Hemel Hempstead: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
    • (1991) The Foucault Effect: Studies in Governmentality , pp. 87-104
    • Foucault, M.1
  • 126
    • 68249120611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The rise and possible demise of afrikaans as a public language
    • (a)
    • Giliomee, H. (2003a) The rise and possible demise of afrikaans as a public language. PRAESA Occasional Papers No 14.
    • (2003) PRAESA Occasional Papers No , pp. 14
    • Giliomee, H.1
  • 129
    • 77951292675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ‘monolingual habitus’ as the common feature in teaching in the language of the majority in different countries
    • Gogolin, I. (1997) The ‘monolingual habitus’ as the common feature in teaching in the language of the majority in different countries. Per Linguam, 13(2), 38-49.
    • (1997) Per Linguam , vol.13 , Issue.2 , pp. 38-49
    • Gogolin, I.1
  • 131
    • 85140701526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Islamabad: Federal Bureau of Statistics
    • Government of Pakistan, Statistics Division (2004) Labour Force Survey 2003-2004. Islamabad: Federal Bureau of Statistics.
    • (2004) Labour Force Survey 2003-2004
  • 134
    • 0004252976 scopus 로고
    • Edited and translated by Hoare, Q. and Nowell Smith, G. London: Lawrence Wishart
    • Gramsci, A. (1971) Selections from the Prison Notebooks. Edited and translated by Hoare, Q. and Nowell Smith, G. London: Lawrence Wishart.
    • (1971) Selections from the Prison Notebooks
    • Gramsci, A.1
  • 136
    • 66149094051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guide for the Development of Language Education Policies in Europe: From Linguistic Diversity to Plurilingual Education. Strasbourg: Council of Europe
    • Grin, F. (2002) Using Language Economics and Education Economics in Language Education Policy. Guide for the Development of Language Education Policies in Europe: From Linguistic Diversity to Plurilingual Education. Strasbourg: Council of Europe.
    • (2002) Using Language Economics and Education Economics in Language Education Policy
    • Grin, F.1
  • 140
    • 85140662688 scopus 로고
    • Introduction
    • Guigan, L.H. and Gann, P., (Vol.,) (pp., Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Guigan, L.H. and Gann, P. (1977) Introduction. In Guigan, L.H. and Gann, P. (eds) The History and Politics of Colonialism, 1870-1914 (Vol. 1) (pp. 1-26). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1977) The History and Politics of Colonialism, 1870-1914 , vol.1 , pp. 1-26
    • Guigan, L.H.1    Gann, P.2
  • 141
    • 84958471101 scopus 로고
    • Language problems in the rural development in North India
    • Gumperz, T.J. (1977) Language problems in the rural development in North India. Journal of Asian Studies 16, 251-59.
    • (1977) Journal of Asian Studies , vol.16 , pp. 251-259
    • Gumperz, T.J.1
  • 142
    • 85140672665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bamako: Comite charge des stratégies d’utilisation des langues nationales et de la Pédagogie Convergente/Ministère de l’Education de Base
    • Haïdara, Y. (1998) Etat des lieux de la Pédagogie Convergente: Forum sur la Pédagogie Convergente. Bamako: Comite charge des stratégies d’utilisation des langues nationales et de la Pédagogie Convergente/Ministère de l’Education de Base.
    • (1998) Etat Des Lieux De La Pédagogie Convergente: Forum Sur La Pédagogie Convergente
    • Haïdara, Y.1
  • 144
    • 0011363102 scopus 로고
    • The state in question
    • Held, D., Hall, S. and McLennan, G., Buckingham: Open University Press
    • Hall, S. (1990) The state in question. In Held, D., Hall, S. and McLennan, G. (eds) The Idea of the Modern State. Buckingham: Open University Press.
    • (1990) The Idea of the Modern State
    • Hall, S.1
  • 145
    • 0001015723 scopus 로고
    • Cultural identity and diaspora
    • Williams, P. and Chrisman, L., London: Harvester Wheatsheaf
    • Hall, S. (1993) Cultural identity and diaspora. In Williams, P. and Chrisman, L. (eds) Colonial Discourse and Post-Colonial Theory: A Reader. London: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
    • (1993) Colonial Discourse and Post-Colonial Theory: A Reader
    • Hall, S.1
  • 146
    • 0003163981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When was ’the post-colonial’? Thinking at the limit
    • Chambers, I. and Curtis, L., London: Routledge
    • Hall, S. (1996) When was ’the post-colonial’? Thinking at the limit. In Chambers, I. and Curtis, L. (eds) The Post-Colonial Question: Common Skies, Divided Horizons (pp. 242-60). London: Routledge.
    • (1996) The Post-Colonial Question: Common Skies, Divided Horizons , pp. 242-260
    • Hall, S.1
  • 147
    • 84933483218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The language of education in Africa: The key issues
    • Hameso, Seyoum Y. (1997) The language of education in Africa: The key issues. Language, Culture and Curriculum 10, 1-13.
    • (1997) Language, Culture and Curriculum , vol.10 , pp. 1-13
    • Hameso, S.Y.1
  • 149
    • 85140666107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why teachers should support the market
    • Accessed 21.05.04
    • Harrison, M. (2004) Why teachers should support the market. National Business Review. Accessed 21.05.04.
    • (2004) National Business Review
    • Harrison, M.1
  • 152
    • 0002228159 scopus 로고
    • The development of the modern state
    • Gieben, S.H.a.B. (ed.), Oxford: Polity in association with the Open University Press
    • Held, D. (1992) The development of the modern state. In Gieben, S.H.a.B. (ed.) Formations of Modernity. Oxford: Polity in association with the Open University Press.
    • (1992) Formations of Modernity
    • Held, D.1
  • 153
    • 0002156490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The great globalization debate
    • Held, D. and McGrew, A., Cambridge: Polity Press
    • Held, D. and McGrew, A. (2003) The great globalization debate. In Held, D. and McGrew, A. (eds) The Global Transformations Reader. Cambridge: Polity Press.
    • (2003) The Global Transformations Reader
    • Held, D.1    McGrew, A.2
  • 155
    • 32444450764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The case against bilingual and multilingual education in South Africa: Laying bare the myths
    • Heugh, K. (2002) The case against bilingual and multilingual education in South Africa: Laying bare the myths. Perspectives in Education, 20(1), 171-96.
    • (2002) Perspectives in Education , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 171-196
    • Heugh, K.1
  • 156
    • 15844425198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can authoritarian separatism give way to language rights?
    • Heugh, K. (2003) Can authoritarian separatism give way to language rights? Current Issues in Language Planning 4(2), 126-45.
    • (2003) Current Issues in Language Planning , vol.4 , Issue.2 , pp. 126-145
    • Heugh, K.1
  • 157
    • 85140682067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A re-take on bilingual education in and for South Africa
    • Fraurud, K. and Hyltenstam, K, Stockholm. Rinkeby. Stockholm: Centre for Reserch on Bilingualism, Stockholm University and Rinkeby Institute of Multilingual Research
    • Heugh, K. (2004) A re-take on bilingual education in and for South Africa. In Fraurud, K. and Hyltenstam, K. (eds) Multilingualism in Global and Local Perspectives. Papers from the 8th Nordic Conference on Bilingualism, November 1-3, 2001, Stockholm. Rinkeby. Stockholm: Centre for Reserch on Bilingualism, Stockholm University and Rinkeby Institute of Multilingual Research.
    • (2004) Multilingualism in Global and Local Perspectives. Papers from the 8Th Nordic Conference on Bilingualism, November 1-3, 2001
    • Heugh, K.1
  • 160
    • 0004067229 scopus 로고
    • Talking Back: Thinking Feminism - Thinking Black
    • London: Sheba Feminist Publishers
    • Hooks, B. (1989) Talking Back: Thinking Feminism - Thinking Black. Boston, London: Sheba Feminist Publishers.
    • (1989) Boston
    • Hooks, B.1
  • 161
    • 12944330314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multilingual literacies, literacy practices, and the continua of biliteracy
    • Martin-Jones, M. and Jones, K., (pp.,). Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins
    • Hornberger, N. (2000) Multilingual literacies, literacy practices, and the continua of biliteracy. In Martin-Jones, M. and Jones, K. (eds) Multilingual Literacies (pp. 353-67). Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
    • (2000) Multilingual Literacies , pp. 353-367
    • Hornberger, N.1
  • 164
    • 85140690217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MALI: Sponsorship scheme launched to get kids in schools
    • 28th September 2004. On WWW at
    • IRIN (2004) MALI: Sponsorship scheme launched to get kids in schools. In IRIN News, 28th September 2004. On WWW at http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp? ReportID=41939andSelectRegion=West_AfricaandSelectCountry=MALI.
    • (2004) In IRIN News
  • 166
    • 85140691136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Matric quick-fixes miss the mark
    • Jansen, J. (2004) Matric quick-fixes miss the mark. Sunday Times, 4 January, p. 15.
    • (2004) Sunday Times, 4 January , pp. 15
    • Jansen, J.1
  • 167
    • 0035693628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Speaking like a native: Vernacular languages and the state in Southern Rhodesia, 1890-1935
    • Jeater, D. (2001) Speaking like a native: Vernacular languages and the state in Southern Rhodesia, 1890-1935. Journal of African History 42, 449-68.
    • (2001) Journal of African History , vol.42 , pp. 449-468
    • Jeater, D.1
  • 168
    • 85140693372 scopus 로고
    • Speech before the French Chamber of Deputies, March 28, 1884
    • In Robiquet, P. (ed.),. On,. Accessed 9/01/04
    • Jules Ferry. (1897) Speech before the French Chamber of Deputies, March 28, 1884. In Robiquet, P. (ed.) Discourse et Opnions de Jules Ferry, Paris: Armand Colin and Cie. On WWW at http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1884ferry.html. Accessed 9/01/04.
    • (1897) Discourse Et Opnions De Jules Ferry, Paris: Armand Colin and Cie
    • Ferry, J.1
  • 170
    • 85140687391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manuels utilisés dans l’enseignement de la langue dans les écoles à pédagogie convergente: Disponibilité et utilisation
    • Kané, S. (2000) Manuels utilisés dans l’enseignement de la langue dans les écoles à pédagogie convergente: Disponibilité et utilisation. Nordic Journal of African Studies 9(3), 66-79.
    • (2000) Nordic Journal of African Studies , vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp. 66-79
    • Kané, S.1
  • 171
    • 0141901243 scopus 로고
    • (Vol. 2004) Translated by Angela Clifford, December 1975. On WWW at,. Accessed 4.03.04
    • Kautsky, K. (1907) Socialism and Colonial Policy (Vol. 2004) Translated by Angela Clifford, December 1975. On WWW at http://www.athol-st.dircon.co.uk/index.html. Accessed 4.03.04.
    • (1907) Socialism and Colonial Policy
    • Kautsky, K.1
  • 177
    • 85140663666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geo-political tracks of the liberian mandingoes
    • On WWW at,. Accessed 4.03.04
    • Kromah, A. (2002) Geo-political tracks of the liberian mandingoes. Liberian Orbit. On WWW at http://www.liberiaorbit.org/lonewsgeopol.manding.html. Accessed 4.03.04.
    • (2002) Liberian Orbit
    • Kromah, A.1
  • 178
    • 0242648802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecole et démocratie: L’explosion scolaire sous la III République au Mali
    • Lange, M. and Diarra, S. (1999) Ecole et démocratie: l’explosion scolaire sous la III République au Mali. Politique Africaine, 76(décembre), 164-72.
    • (1999) Politique Africaine , vol.76 , Issue.dcembre , pp. 164-172
    • Lange, M.1    Diarra, S.2
  • 180
    • 85140663104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On WWWat
    • Leclerc, J. (2003) Mali. On WWWat http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/afrique/mali.html.
    • (2003) Mali
    • Leclerc, J.1
  • 181
    • 0141934948 scopus 로고
    • Governance, democracy and development in the Third World
    • Corbridge, S. (ed.), London: Edward Arnold
    • Leftwich, A. (1995) Governance, democracy and development in the Third World. In Corbridge, S. (ed.). Development Studies: A Reader (pp. 427-47). London: Edward Arnold.
    • (1995) Development Studies: A Reader , pp. 427-447
    • Leftwich, A.1
  • 182
    • 85140671692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ominous threat to our young democracy: The poor have become poorer in the most unequal society - South Africa
    • Legassick, M. (2003) Ominous threat to our young democracy: The poor have become poorer in the most unequal society - South Africa. Cape Times, 28 February, p. 9.
    • (2003) Cape Times, 28 February , pp. 9
    • Legassick, M.1
  • 183
    • 0003695145 scopus 로고
    • The condition of primary schooling in developing countries
    • Levin, H. and Lockheed, M, London: Falmer
    • Lockheed, M. (1993) The condition of primary schooling in developing countries. In Levin, H. and Lockheed, M. (eds) Effective Schools in Developing Countries. London: Falmer.
    • (1993) Effective Schools in Developing Countries
    • Lockheed, M.1
  • 187
    • 85140686764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Terminology and schoolbooks in Southern African languages: Aren’t there any?
    • Mahlalela, B. and Heugh, K. (2002) Terminology and schoolbooks in Southern African languages: Aren’t there any? PRAESA Occasional Papers No. 10.
    • (2002) PRAESA Occasional Papers No , pp. 10
    • Mahlalela, B.1    Heugh, K.2
  • 188
    • 0037663203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethnicity and conflict in Angola: Prospects for reconciliation
    • Cilliers, J. and Dietrich, C, Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies
    • Malaquias, A. (2000) Ethnicity and conflict in Angola: prospects for reconciliation. In Cilliers, J. and Dietrich, C. (eds) Angola’s War Economy: The Role of Oil and Diamonds. Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies.
    • (2000) Angola’s War Economy: The Role of Oil and Diamonds
    • Malaquias, A.1
  • 190
    • 85074314831 scopus 로고
    • University of Richmond, School of Law. Craver, J. (trans.) (2000). On WWW at
    • Mali, Republic of (1992) The Constitution of the Republic of Mali. University of Richmond, School of Law. Craver, J. (trans.) (2000). On WWW at http://oncampus.richmond.edu/~jjones//confinder/Mali.html.
    • (1992) The Constitution of the Republic of Mali
  • 191
    • 85140690842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presidency of the Republic (personal photocopy of original document signed by the President of Mali)
    • Mali, République du (1999) Portant loi d’orientation sur l’éducation, LOI No 99-046/ du 28 décembre 1999. Presidency of the Republic (personal photocopy of original document signed by the President of Mali).
    • (1999) Portant Loi d’orientation Sur l’éducation, LOI No 99-046/ Du 28 décembre 1999
  • 192
    • 85140682923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (a), Portant création de l’Institut des Langues. Bamako: Secrétariat générale du gouvernement
    • Mali, République du (2001a) Ordonnance No. 01-044/P-RM du 19 septembre 2001. Portant création de l’Institut des Langues. Bamako: Secrétariat générale du gouvernement.
    • (2001) Ordonnance No. 01-044/P-RM Du 19 Septembre 2001
  • 193
    • 85140701009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (b), Fixant l’organisation et les modalités de fonctionnement de l’Institut des Langues. Bamako: Secrétariat générale du gouvernement
    • Mali, République du (2001b) Décret No. 01-516/P-RM du 22 octobre 2001. Fixant l’organisation et les modalités de fonctionnement de l’Institut des Langues. Bamako: Secrétariat générale du gouvernement.
    • (2001) Décret No. 01-516/P-RM Du 22 Octobre 2001
  • 194
    • 70450200987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indian multilingualism, language policy and the digital divide
    • (Vol.,). On WWW at,. Accessed 30.03.04
    • Mallikarjun, B. (2004) Indian multilingualism, language policy and the digital divide. Language in India (Vol. 4). On WWW at http://www.LanguageinIndia.-com. Accessed 30.03.04.
    • (2004) Language in India , vol.4
    • Mallikarjun, B.1
  • 199
    • 79952797307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multilingual literacies
    • Martin-Jones, M. and Jones, K., Philadelphia: John Benjamins
    • Martin-Jones, M. and Jones, K. (2000) Multilingual literacies. In Martin-Jones, M. and Jones, K. (eds) Multilingual Literacies (pp. 1-15). Amsterdam/ Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
    • (2000) Multilingual Literacies (Pp. 1-15). Amsterdam
    • Martin-Jones, M.1    Jones, K.2
  • 200
    • 0002894294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imagining globalization: Power geometries of space-time
    • Hickman, M., Mac an Ghaill, M. and Brah, A, London: Macmillan
    • Massey, D. (1999) Imagining globalization: Power geometries of space-time. In Hickman, M., Mac an Ghaill, M. and Brah, A. (eds) Global Futures: Migration, Environment and Globalization (pp. 27-44). London: Macmillan.
    • (1999) Global Futures: Migration, Environment and Globalization , pp. 27-44
    • Massey, D.1
  • 201
    • 33749545783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • OAU’s strategy for linguistic unity and multilingual education
    • Mateene, K. (1999) OAU’s strategy for linguistic unity and multilingual education. Social Dynamics 25, 164-78.
    • (1999) Social Dynamics , vol.25 , pp. 164-178
    • Mateene, K.1
  • 205
    • 0347938764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The World Bank, the language question and the future of African education
    • Mazrui, A.A. (1997) The World Bank, the language question and the future of African education. Race and Class 38, 35-48.
    • (1997) Race and Class , vol.38 , pp. 35-48
    • Mazrui, A.A.1
  • 207
    • 1442311517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The English language in African education: Dependency and decolonization
    • Tollefson, J. (ed.), Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
    • Mazrui, A. (2002) The English language in African education: Dependency and decolonization. In Tollefson, J. (ed.). Language Policies in Education: Critical Issues (pp. 267-81). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
    • (2002) Language Policies in Education: Critical Issues , pp. 267-281
    • Mazrui, A.1
  • 210
    • 15744405387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • South Africa: A sociolinguistic overview
    • Mesthrie, R. (ed.), Cambridge: CUP
    • Mesthrie, R. (2002) South Africa: A sociolinguistic overview. In Mesthrie, R. (ed.) Language in South Africa (pp. 1-26). Cambridge: CUP.
    • (2002) Language in South Africa , pp. 1-26
    • Mesthrie, R.1
  • 212
    • 85140695571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Note sur les éléments de politique des langues du Mali
    • Ministère de l’Education de Base, République du Mali (1999) Note sur les éléments de politique des langues du Mali, Plan d’action triennal 2000-2002.
    • (1999) Plan d’action Triennal , pp. 2000-2002
  • 216
    • 85140702470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (b), Bamako: Centre National des Examens et Concours de l’Education, Ministère de l’Education Nationale
    • Ministère de l’Education Nationale, République du Mali (2005b) Tableaux statistiques du C.F.E.P.C.E.F. 2005. Bamako: Centre National des Examens et Concours de l’Education, Ministère de l’Education Nationale.
    • (2005) Tableaux Statistiques Du C.F.E.P.C.E.F. 2005
  • 219
    • 61149472979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Paris: Unesco, World Education Forum, Education for All 2000 Assessment
    • Montagnes, I. (2000) Textbooks and Learning Materials 1990-1999. Paris: Unesco, World Education Forum, Education for All 2000 Assessment.
    • (2000) Textbooks and Learning Materials 1990-1999
    • Montagnes, I.1
  • 224
    • 5044227359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards global governance
    • Nayyar, D. (ed.), Oxford: Oxford University Press
    • Nayyar, D. (2002) Towards global governance. In Nayyar, D. (ed.) Governing Globalization: Issues and Institutions. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    • (2002) Governing Globalization: Issues and Institutions
    • Nayyar, D.1
  • 226
    • 0004018258 scopus 로고
    • Cape Town: National Education Co-ordinating Committee and OUP
    • NEPI (National Education Policy Investigation) (1992) Language. Cape Town: National Education Co-ordinating Committee and OUP.
    • (1992) Language
  • 227
    • 85140701131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (Vol. VI) Ade, Ajayi, J.J. (ed.). General History of Africa. Glosderry: New Africa Books
    • Ngcongco, J.D. (2000) Nineteenth Century until the 1880s (Vol. VI) Ade, Ajayi, J.J. (ed.). General History of Africa. Glosderry: New Africa Books.
    • (2000) Nineteenth Century until the 1880S
    • Ngcongco, J.D.1
  • 228
    • 1842642828 scopus 로고
    • The Mfecane and the rise of new African states
    • Ade Ajayi, J.J. (ed.), General History of Africa. London, Paris, Berkeley: Heinemann International; UNESCO, University of California Press
    • Ngcongco, L.D. (1989) The Mfecane and the rise of new African states. In Ade Ajayi, J.J. (ed.) Africa in the Nineteenth Century Until the 1880s (Vol. VII) (pp. 90-123). General History of Africa. London, Paris, Berkeley: Heinemann International; UNESCO, University of California Press.
    • (1989) Africa in the Nineteenth Century until the 1880S , vol.7 , pp. 90-123
    • Ngcongco, L.D.1
  • 229
    • 0042055584 scopus 로고
    • The language of African literature
    • Williams, P. and Chrisman, L, London: Harvester Wheatsheaf
    • Ngũgĩ wa Thiongo (1993) The language of African literature. In Williams, P. and Chrisman, L. (eds) Colonial Discourse and Post-colonial Theory: A Reader. (pp. 435-56). London: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
    • (1993) Colonial Discourse and Post-Colonial Theory: A Reader , pp. 435-456
    • Wa Thiongo, N.1
  • 230
    • 40449133255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accountability in language assessment
    • Clapham, C. and Corson, D, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic
    • Norton, B. (1998) Accountability in language assessment. In Clapham, C. and Corson, D. (eds) Language testing and assessment, Encyclopedia of Language and Education (Vol. 7) (pp. 7313-22). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic.
    • (1998) Language Testing and Assessment, Encyclopedia of Language and Education , vol.7 , pp. 7313-7322
    • Norton, B.1
  • 231
    • 77953314076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language education in Africa
    • On WWWat, Accessed 4.03.04
    • Obanya, P. (1998) Language education in Africa. Fafunwa Foundation Internet Journal of Education. On WWWat http://www.fafunwafoundation.tripod.com. Accessed 4.03.04.
    • (1998) Fafunwa Foundation Internet Journal of Education
    • Obanya, P.1
  • 233
    • 77955669006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sub-Saharan Africa
    • Fishman, J.A. (ed.), Oxford: Oxford University Press
    • Obeng, S. and Adegbija, E. (1999) Sub-Saharan Africa. In Fishman, J.A. (ed.) Handbook of Language and Ethnic Identity (pp. 353-68). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    • (1999) Handbook of Language and Ethnic Identity , pp. 353-368
    • Obeng, S.1    Adegbija, E.2
  • 234
  • 235
    • 85050763919 scopus 로고
    • First All Africa Cultural Festival. Algiers: OAU
    • Organization for African Unity (OAU) (1969) Pan-African cultural manifesto. First All Africa Cultural Festival. Algiers: OAU.
    • (1969) Pan-African Cultural Manifesto
  • 239
    • 77950532648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introduction: The view from inside the linguistic jail
    • Ouane, A. (ed.), Hamburg: UNESCO Institute for Education
    • Ouane, A. (2003) Introduction: The view from inside the linguistic jail. In Ouane, A. (ed.) Towards a Multilingual Culture of Education (pp. 1-22). Hamburg: UNESCO Institute for Education.
    • (2003) Towards a Multilingual Culture of Education , pp. 1-22
    • Ouane, A.1
  • 240
    • 38149026103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conquering the conqueror. The empowerment of the African languages casts a shadow over English in Africa
    • Owino, F. (2002) Conquering the conqueror. The empowerment of the African languages casts a shadow over English in Africa. Perspectives in Education 20 (2), 197-212.
    • (2002) Perspectives in Education , vol.20 , Issue.2 , pp. 197-212
    • Owino, F.1
  • 242
    • 0037991471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pakistan Census Organization, Government of Pakistan. On WWW at,. Accessed 2.06.05
    • Pakistan Census Organization (2005) Population statistics. Pakistan Census Organization, Government of Pakistan. On WWW at http://www.statpak.pk. Accessed 2.06.05.
    • (2005) Population Statistics
  • 244
    • 85140702220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On WWW at,. Aaccessed 6.07.04
    • Pakistan, Government of (2003-2004) Economic Survey. Islamabad: Federal Bureau of Statistics. On WWW at http://www.finance.gov.pk/survey/chapter/11-education pdf. Aaccessed 6.07.04.
    • (2003) Economic Survey. Islamabad: Federal Bureau of Statistics
  • 245
    • 85140676277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On WWW at,. Accessed 6.07.04
    • Pakistan, Government of (2004-2005) Economic survey. Islamabad: Federal Bureau of Statistics. On WWW at http://www.finance.gov.pk/survey/chapter/11-education pdf. Accessed 6.07.04.
    • (2004) Economic Survey. Islamabad: Federal Bureau of Statistics
  • 247
    • 85007791595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colonialism and Sub-Saharan identities
    • Renwick, J. and Krause, N., London: Macmillan
    • Paku, N. (1996) Colonialism and Sub-Saharan identities. In Renwick, J. and Krause, N. (eds) Identities in International Relations. London: Macmillan.
    • (1996) Identities in International Relations
    • Paku, N.1
  • 248
    • 85140678972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language Issues Frequencies. Pretoria: MarkData (Pty) Ltd
    • PANSALB (2000) Omnibus February 2000. Language Issues Frequencies. Pretoria: MarkData (Pty) Ltd.
    • (2000) Omnibus February , pp. 2000
  • 254
    • 0007179657 scopus 로고
    • English in the world/the world in English
    • Tollefson, J. (ed.), The Cambridge Applied Linguistics Series. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
    • Pennycook, A. (1995) English in the world/the world in English. In Tollefson, J. (ed.) Power and Inequality in Language Education (pp. 34-58). The Cambridge Applied Linguistics Series. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1995) Power and Inequality in Language Education , pp. 34-58
    • Pennycook, A.1
  • 255
    • 34248380933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language ideology and hindsight: Lessons from colonial language policies
    • (a), Ricento, T. (ed.), Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Co
    • Pennycook, A. (2000a) Language ideology and hindsight: Lessons from colonial language policies. In Ricento, T. (ed.) Ideology, Politics and Language Policies: Focus on English (pp. 49-65). Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Co.
    • (2000) Ideology, Politics and Language Policies: Focus on English , pp. 49-65
    • Pennycook, A.1
  • 256
    • 34248380933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • English, politics, ideology: From colonial celebration to postcolonial performativity
    • (b), Ricento, T. (ed.), Amsterdam: John Benjamins Co
    • Pennycook, A. (2000b) English, politics, ideology: From colonial celebration to postcolonial performativity. In Ricento, T. (ed.) Ideology, Politics and Language Policies: Focus on English (pp. 107-19). Amsterdam: John Benjamins Co.
    • (2000) Ideology, Politics and Language Policies: Focus on English , pp. 107-119
    • Pennycook, A.1
  • 257
    • 34548782551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language policy and docile bodies: Hong Kong and governmentality
    • Tollefson, J. (ed.), Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
    • Pennycook, A. (2002a) Language policy and docile bodies: Hong Kong and governmentality. In Tollefson, J. (ed.) Language Policies in Education: Critical Issues (pp. 91-110). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
    • (2002) Language Policies in Education: Critical Issues , pp. 91-110
    • Pennycook, A.1
  • 259
    • 85140698656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Education alone DoEs not stimulate growth and reduce poverty
    • Peron, J. (2004) Education alone DoEs not stimulate growth and reduce poverty. Cape Times, 14 January, p. 9.
    • (2004) Cape Times, 14 January , pp. 9
    • Peron, J.1
  • 267
    • 33748504238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dual-medium and parallel-medium schooling in the Western Cape: From default to design
    • (b)
    • Plüddemann, P., Braam, D., October, M. and Wababa, Z. (2004b) Dual-medium and parallel-medium schooling in the Western Cape: from default to design. PRAESA Occasional Papers No. 17.
    • (2004) PRAESA Occasional Papers No , pp. 17
    • Plüddemann, P.1    Braam, D.2    October, M.3    Wababa, Z.4
  • 268
    • 85050783615 scopus 로고
    • National development and language diversity
    • Pool, J. (1969) National development and language diversity. La Monda Lingvo Problemo 1, 140-56.
    • (1969) La Monda Lingvo Problemo , vol.1 , pp. 140-156
    • Pool, J.1
  • 269
    • 85140662203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colonial rule
    • Allen, T. and Thomas, A, Oxford: Oxford University Press in association with the Open University
    • Potter, D. (1997) Colonial rule. In Allen, T. and Thomas, A. (eds) Poverty and Development in the 1990s (pp. 273-90). Oxford: Oxford University Press in association with the Open University.
    • (1997) Poverty and Development in The , vol.1990s , pp. 273-290
    • Potter, D.1
  • 270
    • 84969228921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • African Renaissance or Warlordism?
    • Makgoba, M.W. (ed.), Cape Town: Tafelberg Publishing
    • Prah, K.K. (1999) African Renaissance or Warlordism? In Makgoba, M.W. (ed.) African Renaissance - The New Struggle. Cape Town: Tafelberg Publishing.
    • (1999) African Renaissance - the New Struggle
    • Prah, K.K.1
  • 273
    • 84939819749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language, the African development challenge
    • (b), Havana, Cuba. On WWW at
    • Prah, K.K. (2002b) Language, the African development challenge. In TRIcontinental, No. 150. Havana, Cuba. On WWW at http://www.casas.co.za.
    • (2002) Tricontinental, No , pp. 150
    • Prah, K.K.1
  • 275
    • 32444438990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minding the gaps - an investigation into language policy and practice in four Eastern Cape districts
    • Probyn, M., Murray, S., Botha, L., Botya, P., Brooks, M. and Westphal, V. (2002) Minding the gaps - an investigation into language policy and practice in four Eastern Cape districts. Perspectives in Education 20(1), 29-46.
    • (2002) Perspectives in Education , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 29-46
    • Probyn, M.1    Murray, S.2    Botha, L.3    Botya, P.4    Brooks, M.5    Westphal, V.6
  • 276
    • 84969461184 scopus 로고
    • The Siraiki movement in Pakistan
    • (Spring)
    • Rahman, T. (1995) The Siraiki movement in Pakistan. Language Problems and Language Planning 20(2) (Spring), 1-25.
    • (1995) Language Problems and Language Planning , vol.20 , Issue.2 , pp. 1-25
    • Rahman, T.1
  • 278
    • 77957709838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language teaching and power in Pakistan
    • Barcelona, Spain
    • Rahman, T. (2002) Language teaching and power in Pakistan. World Congress on Language Policies. Barcelona, Spain.
    • (2002) World Congress on Language Policies
    • Rahman, T.1
  • 279
    • 85140704275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language in India (Vol.,). On WWW at,. Accessed 2.05.04
    • Rama Rao, V.V.B. (2002) 20th century language visionaries. Language in India (Vol. 2). On WWW at http://www.LanguageinIndia.com. Accessed 2.05.04.
    • (2002) 20Th Century Language Visionaries , vol.2
    • Rama Rao, V.V.B.1
  • 281
    • 0003091322 scopus 로고
    • Missionaries, migrants and manyika: The invention of ethnicity in Zimbabwe
    • Vail, L. (ed.), London/Berkeley and Los Angeles: James Currey/University of California Press
    • Ranger, T. (1989) Missionaries, migrants and manyika: The invention of ethnicity in Zimbabwe. In Vail, L. (ed.). The Creation of Tribalism in Southern Africa (pp. 18-150). London/Berkeley and Los Angeles: James Currey/University of California Press.
    • (1989) The Creation of Tribalism in Southern Africa , pp. 18-150
    • Ranger, T.1
  • 284
    • 21144477577 scopus 로고
    • Post-Fordism? Technology and new forms of control: The case of technology in the curriculum
    • Rassool, N. (1993) Post-Fordism? Technology and new forms of control: The case of technology in the curriculum. Journal of Education Policy 14(3), 227-44.
    • (1993) Journal of Education Policy , vol.14 , Issue.3 , pp. 227-244
    • Rassool, N.1
  • 285
    • 0009380286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postmodernity, cultural pluralism and the nation-state: Problems of language rights, human rights, identity and power
    • Rassool, N. (1998) Postmodernity, cultural pluralism and the nation-state: Problems of language rights, human rights, identity and power. Language Sciences 20(1), 89-99.
    • (1998) Language Sciences , vol.20 , Issue.1 , pp. 89-99
    • Rassool, N.1
  • 287
    • 27944463980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Historical and theoretical perspectives in language policy and planning
    • Ricento, T. (ed.), Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Co
    • Ricento, T. (2000) Historical and theoretical perspectives in language policy and planning. In Ricento, T. (ed.). Ideology, Politics and Language Policies: Focus on English (pp. 9-24). Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Co.
    • (2000) Ideology, Politics and Language Policies: Focus on English , pp. 9-24
    • Ricento, T.1
  • 288
    • 3042596253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mixed motives: Ideological elements in the support for English in South Africa
    • Ricento, T. (ed.), Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Co
    • Ridge, S. (2000) Mixed motives: Ideological elements in the support for English in South Africa. In Ricento, T. (ed.) Ideology, Politics and Language Policies: Focus on English (pp. 151-72). Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Co.
    • (2000) Ideology, Politics and Language Policies: Focus on English , pp. 151-172
    • Ridge, S.1
  • 289
    • 77951619688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • London: House of Lords Select Committee on Economic Affairs Inquiry into the Global Economy
    • Rikowski, G. (2002) Globalisation and Education (pp. 12). London: House of Lords Select Committee on Economic Affairs Inquiry into the Global Economy.
    • (2002) Globalisation and Education , pp. 12
    • Rikowski, G.1
  • 292
    • 84960654687 scopus 로고
    • Orientations in language planning. Journal of the National Association for Bilingual
    • Ruiz, R. (1984) Orientations in language planning. Journal of the National Association for Bilingual Education 8, 15-34.
    • (1984) Education , vol.8 , pp. 15-34
    • Ruiz, R.1
  • 293
    • 10944256933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The time is burning’: The right of adults to basic education in South Africa
    • Rule, P. (2003) ‘The time is burning’: The right of adults to basic education in South Africa. Paper presented at the Education Rights Project Forum, 1 July. University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
    • (2003)
    • Rule, P.1
  • 294
    • 85140664743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (Vol. 2005). Sustainable Development Networking Programme, Pakistan and IUCN - The World Conservation Union. On www at,. Accessed 22.07.05
    • Sadaf Zuberi, N.S. (2005) Pakistan Sign Language - A Synopsis (Vol. 2005). Sustainable Development Networking Programme, Pakistan and IUCN - The World Conservation Union. On www at http://www.special.net.pk/htm. Accessed 22.07.05.
    • (2005) Pakistan Sign Language - a Synopsis
    • Sadaf Zuberi, N.S.1
  • 298
    • 6344252982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Johannesburg: South African Institute for Race Relations
    • SAIRR (2001) South Africa Survey 2001/2002. Johannesburg: South African Institute for Race Relations.
    • (2001) South Africa Survey 2001/2002
  • 301
    • 85007089170 scopus 로고
    • The state in post-colonial societies: Tanzania
    • Held, J.A.D., Gieben, B., Hall, S., Harris, L., Lewis, P., Parker, N. and Turok, B, Oxford: Basil Blackwell in association with the Open University
    • Saul, J. (1986) The state in post-colonial societies: Tanzania. In Held, J.A.D., Gieben, B., Hall, S., Harris, L., Lewis, P., Parker, N. and Turok, B. (eds) States and Societies (pp. 457-74). Oxford: Basil Blackwell in association with the Open University.
    • (1986) States and Societies , pp. 457-474
    • Saul, J.1
  • 304
    • 79954335214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From the GATT to the WTO and Beyond
    • Nayyar, D. (ed.), Oxford: Oxford University Press
    • Shukla, S.P. (2002). From the GATT to the WTO and Beyond. In Nayyar, D. (ed.) Governing Globalization: Issues and Institutions. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
    • (2002) Governing Globalization: Issues and Institutions
    • Shukla, S.P.1
  • 305
    • 0344899632 scopus 로고
    • When nationism conflicts with nationalist goals: Zambia
    • (ed.). Democratically Speaking, Cape Town: National Language Project
    • Siatchitema, A. (1992) When nationism conflicts with nationalist goals: Zambia. In Crawhall, N. (ed.). Democratically Speaking (pp. 17-21). Cape Town: National Language Project.
    • (1992) Crawhall, N , pp. 17-21
    • Siatchitema, A.1
  • 309
  • 311
    • 0345278477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minority language politics in North India
    • Tollefson, J.W. (ed.), Mahwah, New Jersey and London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers
    • Sonntag, S. (2002) Minority language politics in North India. In Tollefson, J.W. (ed.) Language Policies in Education (pp. 165-78). Mahwah, New Jersey and London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
    • (2002) Language Policies in Education , pp. 165-178
    • Sonntag, S.1
  • 312
    • 85067509281 scopus 로고
    • Colonial language policies and their legacies in Sub-Saharan Africa
    • Fishman, J.A. (ed.), The Hague: Mouton
    • Spencer, J. (1974) Colonial language policies and their legacies in Sub-Saharan Africa. In Fishman, J.A. (ed.) Advances in Language Planning (pp. 163-75). The Hague: Mouton.
    • (1974) Advances in Language Planning , pp. 163-175
    • Spencer, J.1
  • 313
    • 85138875425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Census-in-Brief. Pretoria: Statistics SA
    • Statistics S.A. (2003) Census 2001: Census-in-Brief. Pretoria: Statistics SA.
    • (2003) Census , pp. 2001
    • Statistics, S.A.1
  • 317
    • 24144468780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • African mother-tongue programmes and the politics of language: Linguistic citizenship versus linguistic human rights
    • Stroud, C. (2001) African mother-tongue programmes and the politics of language: Linguistic citizenship versus linguistic human rights. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 2(4), 339-55.
    • (2001) Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development , vol.2 , Issue.4 , pp. 339-355
    • Stroud, C.1
  • 320
    • 0038888698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On WWW at,. Accessed 22.07.04
    • “The Scramble for Africa.” On WWW at http://en.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml. Accessed 22.07.04.
    • The Scramble for Africa
  • 321
    • 85140681005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Language in India (Vol.,). On WWW at,. Accessed 2.05.04
    • Thirumalai, M.S. (2003) Macaulay. Language in India (Vol. 3). On WWW at http://www.LanguageinIndia.com. Accessed 2.05.04.
    • (2003) Macaulay , vol.3
    • Thirumalai, M.S.1
  • 327
    • 84965432768 scopus 로고
    • The reality of workplace flexibility
    • Tomaney, J. (1990) The reality of workplace flexibility. Capital and Class 40, 29-60.
    • (1990) Capital and Class , vol.40 , pp. 29-60
    • Tomaney, J.1
  • 328
    • 85141467328 scopus 로고
    • Education in Mali
    • Fafunwa, A. and Aisiku, J, London: George Allen and Unwin
    • Toure, A. (1982) Education in Mali. In Fafunwa, A. and Aisiku, J. (eds) Education in Africa: A Comparative Study (pp. 188-204). London: George Allen and Unwin.
    • (1982) Education in Africa: A Comparative Study , pp. 188-204
    • Toure, A.1
  • 329
    • 0003660759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • San Jose, New York, Lincoln, Shanghai, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
    • Touval, S. (1999) The Boundary Politics of Independent Africa. San Jose, New York, Lincoln, Shanghai, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
    • (1999) The Boundary Politics of Independent Africa
    • Touval, S.1
  • 331
    • 84949470842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (2001b) Convergent teaching in Mali. Prospects
    • September
    • Traoré, S. (2001b) Convergent teaching in Mali. Prospects: Quarterly Review of Comparative Education, XXXI (3) September 2001 (pp. 353-71).
    • (2001) Quarterly Review of Comparative Education , vol.31 , Issue.3 , pp. 353-371
    • Traoré, S.1
  • 335
    • 0003739277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Right to Education, Towards Education for All Throughout Life. Paris: UNESCO
    • UNESCO (2000) World Education Report 2000. The Right to Education, Towards Education for All Throughout Life. Paris: UNESCO.
    • (2000) World Education Report , pp. 2000
  • 336
    • 85140704306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On WWW at,. Accessed 4.07.05
    • UNESCO (2002) Initiative B@bel. UNESCO. On WWW at http://www.unes-co.org/webworld/multilingualism. Accessed 4.07.05.
    • (2002) Initiative B@Bel. UNESCO
  • 340
    • 0003496631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxford: UNDP/Oxford University Press
    • United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) (1999) Human Development Report 1999. Oxford: UNDP/Oxford University Press.
    • (1999) Human Development Report 1999
  • 341
    • 0003675346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New York: United Nations. On WWW at,. Accessed 4.07.05
    • United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) (2001) Human Development Report 2001. New York: United Nations. On WWW at www.undp.org. Accessed 4.07.05.
    • (2001) Human Development Report 2001
  • 342
    • 0003731902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxford: UNDP/Oxford University Press
    • United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) (2002) Human Development Report 2002. Oxford: UNDP/Oxford University Press.
    • (2002) Human Development Report 2002
  • 343
    • 85140689153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxford: UNDP/Oxford University Press
    • United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) (2004) Human Report 2004. Oxford: UNDP/Oxford University Press.
    • (2004) Human Report 2004
  • 345
    • 69549144150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geneva: United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
    • United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR) (2002) Statistical Year Book 2002. Geneva: United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees.
    • (2002) Statistical Year Book 2002
  • 346
    • 85140698015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Refugee Education in 2002/3: Indicators and Standards for 66 Camp Locations. Geneva: United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
    • United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) (2003) Population Data Unit/PGDS with the assistance of the Education Unit/HCDS, Division of Operational Support. 2003. Refugee Education in 2002/3: Indicators and Standards for 66 Camp Locations. Geneva: United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).
    • (2003) Population Data Unit/Pgds with the Assistance of the Education Unit/Hcds, Division of Operational Support. 2003
  • 348
    • 85140692107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (b), Geneva: United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
    • United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) (2004b) Refugee Trends 1 January-30 September 2004. Geneva: United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).
    • (2004) Refugee Trends 1 January-30 September 2004
  • 349
    • 85140673043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (c), Protracted Refugee Situations. Geneva: UNHCR
    • United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) (2004c) Executive Committee of the High Commissioner’s Programme. Protracted Refugee Situations. Geneva: UNHCR.
    • (2004) Executive Committee of the High Commissioner’s Programme
  • 350
    • 69249204888 scopus 로고
    • European partition and conquest of Africa: An overview
    • Boahen, A.A. (ed.), General History of Africa VII. London, Paris, Berkeley: Heinemann Educational Books Ltd, UNESCO, University of Califorina Press
    • Uzoigwe, G.N. (1985) European partition and conquest of Africa: An overview. In Boahen, A.A. (ed.). Africa Under Colonial Domination 1880-1935 (Vol. VII) (pp. 19-44). General History of Africa VII. London, Paris, Berkeley: Heinemann Educational Books Ltd, UNESCO, University of Califorina Press.
    • (1985) Africa under Colonial Domination 1880-1935 , vol.7 , pp. 19-44
    • Uzoigwe, G.N.1
  • 356
    • 11044233683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessing language rights in education: A brief history of the U.S. context
    • Tollefson, J. (ed.), (pp.,). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates
    • Wiley, T. (2002) Accessing language rights in education: A brief history of the U.S. context. In Tollefson, J. (ed.) Language Policies in Education: Critical Issues (pp. 39- 64). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
    • (2002) Language Policies in Education: Critical Issues , pp. 39-64
    • Wiley, T.1
  • 357
    • 0003801724 scopus 로고
    • Harmondsworth: Penguin in association with Chatto and Windus
    • Williams, R. (1961) The Long Revolution. Harmondsworth: Penguin in association with Chatto and Windus.
    • (1961) The Long Revolution
    • Williams, R.1
  • 358
    • 84880668915 scopus 로고
    • Development and the “Washington Consensus”
    • pp., Washington, DC: Institute for International Economics
    • Williamson, J. (1993) Development and the “Washington Consensus”. In World Development (Vol. 21) (pp. 1239-336). Washington, DC: Institute for International Economics.
    • (1993) World Development , vol.21 , pp. 1239-1336
    • Williamson, J.1
  • 359
    • 15744380307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The myth of the mother tongue: Evidence from Maryvale College, Johannesburg
    • Winkler, G. (1997) The myth of the mother tongue: Evidence from Maryvale College, Johannesburg. Southern African Journal of Applied Language Studies 5(1), 29-41.
    • (1997) Southern African Journal of Applied Language Studies , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 29-41
    • Winkler, G.1
  • 360
    • 84971358043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IKNotes. Washington: World Bank. On WWW at
    • World Bank (1999) Education and Koranic literacy in West Africa. IKNotes. Washington: World Bank. On WWW at http://www.worldbank.org/.
    • (1999) Education and Koranic Literacy in West Africa
  • 366
    • 84977068585 scopus 로고
    • The colonial state and post-colonial crisis
    • Louis, P.G.a.W. (ed.), New Haven and London: Yale University Press
    • Young, C. (1988) The colonial state and post-colonial crisis. In Louis, P.G.a.W. (ed.) Declonization and African Independence: The Transfers of Power, 1960-1980. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
    • (1988) Declonization and African Independence: the Transfers of Power, 1960-1980
    • Young, C.1
  • 368
    • 0344036711 scopus 로고
    • Preparing teacher trainees to teach in multilingual classes
    • Heugh, K., Siegrühn, A. and Plüddemann, P., Cape Town: Heinemann
    • Young, D. (1995) Preparing teacher trainees to teach in multilingual classes. In Heugh, K., Siegrühn, A. and Plüddemann, P. (eds) Multilingual Education for South Africa (pp. 107-112). Cape Town: Heinemann.
    • (1995) Multilingual Education for South Africa , pp. 107-112
    • Young, D.1
  • 369
    • 65849435439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why Applied Language Studies and not Applied Linguistics?
    • Ridge, E., Makoni, S. and Ridge, S, New Dehli: Bahri Publications
    • Young, D. (2001) Why Applied Language Studies and not Applied Linguistics? In Ridge, E., Makoni, S. and Ridge, S. (eds). Freedom and Discipline. Essays in Applied Linguistics from Southern Africa (pp. 221-62). New Dehli: Bahri Publications.
    • (2001) Freedom and Discipline. Essays in Applied Linguistics from Southern Africa , pp. 221-262
    • Young, D.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.