Unlocking the early fossil record of the arthropod central nervous system

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences

Volumn 370, Issue 1684, 2015, Pages

  Edgecombe, Gregory D ^a   Ma, Xiaoya ^a,b   Strausfeld, Nicholas J ^c  

^a DEPARTMENT OF LIFE SCIENCES   (United Kingdom)

^b YUNNAN UNIVERSITY   (China)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA   (United States)

Author keywords

Arthropoda; Brains; Burgess shale; Cambrian; Chengjiang

Indexed keywords

AMBER; ARTHROPOD; BRAIN; CAMBRIAN; CENOZOIC; CLADISTICS; DIVERGENCE; EYE; FOSSIL RECORD; MOLECULAR ECOLOGY; MORPHOLOGY; NERVOUS SYSTEM; PRESERVATION; SHALE;

CHENGJIANG; CHINA; YUNNAN;

ARTHROPODA; HEXAPODA; ONYCHOPHORA; PANARTHROPODA; TARDIGRADA;

ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY; ANIMAL; ARTHROPOD; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; CLASSIFICATION; FOSSIL; PHYLOGENY;

ANIMALS; ARTHROPODS; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; FOSSILS; PHYLOGENY;

EID: 84946782183     PISSN: 09628436     EISSN: 14712970     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2015.0038     Document Type: Review

References (69)

1. Giribet G, Edgecombe GD. 2012 Reevaluating the arthropod tree of life. Ann. Rev. Entomol. 57, 167-186. (doi:10.1146/annurev-ento-120710-100659)
2. Strausfeld NJ. 1995 Crustacean-insect relationships: the use of brain characters to derive phylogeny amongst segmented invertebrates. Brain Behav. Evol. 52, 186-206. (doi:10.1159/000006563)
3. Harzsch S. 2006 Neurophylogeny: architecture of the nervous system and a fresh view on arthropod phylogeny. Integr. Comp. Biol. 46, 162-194. (doi:10.1093/icb/icj011)
4. Strausfeld NJ, Andrew DR. 2011 A new view of insect-crustacean relationships I. Inferences from neural cladistics and comparative neuroanatomy. Arthropod. Struct. Dev. 40, 276-288. (doi:10.1016/ j.asd.2011.02.002)
5. Regier JC, Shultz JW, Zwick A, Hussey A, Ball B, Wetzer R, Martin JW, Cunningham CW. 2010 Arthropod relationships revealed by phylogenomic analysis of nuclear protein-coding sequences. Nature 463, 1079-1083. (doi:10.1038/nature08742)
6. Rota-Stabelli O, Campbell L, Brinkmann H, Edgecombe GD, Longhorn SJ, Peterson KJ, Pisani D, Philippe H, Telford MJ. 2011 A congruent solution to arthropod phylogeny: phylogenomics, microRNAs and morphology support monophyletic Mandibulata. Proc. R. Soc. B 278, 298-306. (doi:10.1098/rspb.2010.0590)
7. Rehm P, Meusemann K, Borner J, Misof B, Burmester T. 2014 Phylogenetic position of Myriapoda revealed by 454 transcriptome sequencing. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 77, 25-33. (doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.04.007)
8. Edgecombe GD, Legg DA. 2013 The arthropod fossil record. In Arthropod biology and evolution— molecules, development, morphology (eds A Minelli, G Boxshall, G Fusco), pp. 393-425. Berlin, Germany: Springer.
9. Edgecombe GD, Legg DA. 2014 Origins and early evolution of arthropods. Palaeontology 57, 457-468. (doi:10.1111/pala.12105)
10. Butterfield NJ. 2003 Exceptional fossil preservation and the Cambrian Explosion. Integr. Comp. Biol. 43, 166-177. (doi:10.1093/icb/43.1.166)
11. Gaines RR, Briggs DEG, Zhao Y. 2008 Cambrian Burgess Shale-type deposits share a common mode of fossilization. Geology 36, 755-758. (doi:10.1130/ G24961A.1)
12. Gaines RR, Hammarlund EU, Hou X, Qi C, Gabbott SE, Zhao Y, Peng J, Canfield DE. 2012 Mechanism for Burgess Shale-type preservation. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 109, 5180-5184. (doi:10.1073/pnas. 1111784109)
13. Ortega-Hernández J. In press. Making sense of 'lower' and 'upper' stem-group Euarthropoda, with comments on the strict use of Arthropoda von Siebold, 1848. Biol. Rev. (doi:10.1111/brv.12168)
14. Sansom RS, Gabbott SE, Purnell MA. 2011 Decay of vertebrate characters in hagfish and lamprey (Cyclostomata) and the implications for the vertebrate fossil record. Proc. R. Soc. B 278, 1150-1157. (doi:10.1098/rspb.2010.1641)
15. Briggs DEG, Kear AJ. 1994 Decay and mineralization of shrimps. Palaios 9, 431-456. (doi:10.2307/ 3515135)
16. Butler AD, Cunningham JA, Budd GE, Donoghue PCJ. 2015 Experimental taphonomy of Artemia reveals the role of endogenous microbes in mediating decay and fossilization. Proc. R. Soc. B 282, 20150476. (doi:10.1098/rspb.2015.0476)
17. Murdock DJE, Gabbott SE, Mayer G, Purnell MA. 2014 Decay of velvet worms (Onychophora), and bias in the fossil record of lobopodians. BMC Evol. Biol. 14, 222. (doi:10.1186/s12862-014-0222-z)
18. Wilby PR, Briggs DEG. 1997 Taxonomic trends in the resolution of detail preserved in fossil phosphatized soft tissues. Geobios 20, 493-502. (doi:10.1016/ S0016-6995(97)80056-3)
19. Budd GE. 1998 Arthropod body-plan evolution in the Cambrian with an example from anomalocaridid muscle. Lethaia 31, 197-210. (doi:10.1111/j.1502- 3931.1998.tb00508.x)
20. Briggs DEG, Nedin C. 1997 The taphonomy and affinities of the problematic fossil Myoscolex from the Lower Cambrian Emu Bay Shale of South Australia. J. Paleontol. 71, 22-32.
21. Daley AC, Edgecombe GD. 2014 Morphology of Anomalocaris canadensis from the Burgess Shale. J. Paleontol. 88, 68-91. (doi:10.1666/ 13-067)
22. Lerosey-Aubril R, Hegna TA, Kier C, Bonino E, Habersetzer J, Carre M. 2012 Controls on gut phosphatisation: the trilobites from the Weeks Formation Lagerstätte (Cambrian; Utah). PLoS ONE 7, e32934. (doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0032934)
23. Butterfield NJ. 2002 Leanchoilia guts and the interpretation of three-dimensional structures in Burgess Shale-type fossils. Paleobiology 28, 155-171. (doi:10.1666/0094-8373(2002) 028,0155:LGATIO.2.0.CO;2)
24. Vannier J, Liu J, Lerosey-Aubril R, Vinther J, Daley AC. 2014 Sophisticated digestive systems in early arthropods. Nat. Comm. 5, 3641. (doi:10.1038/ ncomms4641)
25. O'Connor S, Ali A, Al-Sabah S, Anwar D, Bergström E et al. 2011 Exceptional preservation of a prehistoric human brain from Heslington, Yorkshire, UK. J. Arch. Sci. 38, 1641-1654. (doi:10.1016/j.jas.2011.02.030)
26. Wilson LA, Butterfield NJ. 2014 Sediment effects on the preservation of Burgess Shale-type compression fossils. Palaios 29, 145-154. (doi:10.2110/palo. 2013.075)
27. Briggs DEG, Kear AJ. 1993 Decay and preservation of polychaetes: taphonomic thresholds in soft-bodied organisms. Palaeobiology 19, 107-135.
28. Conway Morris S. 1977 Fossil priapulid worms. Spec. Papers Palaeontol. 20, 1-155.
29. Henwood AH. 1992 Soft-part preservation of beetles in Tertiary amber from the Dominican Republic. Palaeontology 35, 901-912.
30. Grimaldi D, Bonwich E, Delannoy M, Doberstein S. 1994 Electron microscopic studies of mummified tissues in amber fossils. Am. Mus. Novitates 3097, 1-31.
31. Pohl H, Wipfler B, Grimaldi D, Beckmann F, Beutel RG. 2010 Reconstructing the anatomy of the 42-million-year-old fossil Mengea tertiaria (Insecta, Strepsiptera). Naturwissenschaften 97, 855-859. (doi:10.1007/s00114-010-0703-x)
32. Briggs DEG, Erwin DH, Collier FJ. 1994 The fossils of the Burgess Shale. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.
33. Caron J-B, Gaines RR, Aria C, Mángano MG, Streng M. 2014 A new phyllopod bed-like assemblage from the Burgess Shale of the Canadian Rockies. Nat. Comm. 5, 3210. (doi:10.1038/ncomms4210)
34. Conway Morris S. 1977 A redescription of the Middle Cambrian worm Amiskwia sagittiformis Walcott from the Burgess Shale of British Columbia. Paläontol. Z. 51, 271-287. (doi:10.1007/ BF02986576)
35. Hou X, Aldridge RJ, Bergström J, Siveter DJ, Siveter DJ, Feng X. 2004 The Cambrian fossils of Chengjiang, China: the flowering of early animal life. Oxford, UK: Blackwell.
36. Yang J, Ortega-Hernández J, Butterfield NJ, Zhang X. 2013 Specialized appendages in fuxianhuiids and the head organization of early euarthropods. Nature 494, 468-471. (doi:10.1038/nature11874)
37. Hou X, Ma X, Zhao J, Bergström J. 2004 The lobopodian Paucipodia inermis from the Lower Cambrain Chengjiang fauna, Yunnan, China. Lethaia 37, 235-244. (doi:10.1080/00241160410006555)
38. Smith MR, Ortega-Hernández J. 2014 Hallucigenia's onychophoran-like claws and the case for Tactopoda. Nature 514, 363-366. (doi:10.1038/ nature13576)
39. Mayer G, Harzsch S. 2007 Immunolocalization of serotonin in Onychophora argues against segmental ganglia being an ancestral feature of arthropods. BMC Evol. Biol. 7, 118. (doi:10.1186/1471- 2148-7-118)
40. Martin C, Mayer G. 2015 Insights into the segmental identity of post-oral commissures and pharyngeal nerves in Onychophora based on retrograde fills. BMC Neurosci. 16, 53. (doi:10.1186/ s12868-015-0191-1)
41. Chen JY, Ramsköld L, Zhou GQ. 1994 Evidence for monophyly and arthropod affinity of Cambrian giant predators. Science 264, 1304-1308. (doi:10.1126/ science.264.5163.1304)
42. Paterson JR, García-Bellido DC, Lee MSY, Brock GA, Jago JB, Edgecombe GD. 2011 Acute vision in the giant Cambrian predator Anomalocaris and the origin of compound eyes. Nature 480, 237-240. (doi:10.1038/nature10689)
43. Kühl G, Briggs DEG, Rust J. 2009 A great-appendage arthropod with a radial mouth from the Lower Devonian Hunsrück Slate, Germany. Science 323, 771-773. (doi:10.1126/science.1166586)
44. Legg DA, Sutton MD, Edgecombe GD. 2013 Arthropod fossil data increase congruence of morphological and molecular phylogenies. Nat. Comm. 4, 2485. (doi:10.1038/ncomms3485)
45. Cong P, Ma X, Hou X, Edgecombe GD, Strausfeld NJ. 2014 Brain structure resolves the segmental affinity of anomalocaridid appendages. Nature 513, 538-542. (doi:10.1038/nature13486)
46. Scholtz G, Edgecombe GD. 2006 The evolution of arthropod heads: reconciling morphological, developmental and palaeontological evidence. Dev. Genes Evol. 216, 395-415. (doi:10.1007/s00427- 006-0085-4)
47. Cong P, Ma X, Hou X, Edgecombe GD, Strausfeld NJ. 2014 Reply to 'Latest anomalocaridid affinities challenged.' Nature 516, E3-E4. (doi:10.1038/ nature13861)
48. Budd GE. 2002 A palaeontological solution to the arthropod head problem. Nature 417, 271-275. (doi:10.1038/417271a)
49. Bergström J, Hou X, Zhang X, Clausen S. 2008 A new view of the Cambrian arthropod Fuxianhuia. GFF 130, 189-201. (doi:10.1080/ 11035890809452772)
50. Ma X, Hou X, Edgecombe GD, Strausfeld NJ. 2012 Complex brain and optic lobes in an early Cambrian arthropod. Nature 490, 258-261. (doi:10.1038/ nature11495)
51. Gabbott SE, Hou X, Norry MJ, Siveter DJ. 2004 Preservation of Early Cambrian animals of the Chengjiang biota. Geology 32, 901-904. (doi:10. 1130/G20640.1)
52. Zhu M, Babcock LE, Steiner M. 2005 Fossilization modes in the Chengjaing Lagerstätte (Cambrian of China): testing the roles of organic preservation and diagenetic alteration in exceptional preservation. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 220, 31-46. (doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2003.03.001)
53. Forchielli A, Steiner M, Kashbohm J, Hu S, Keupp H. 2014 Taphonomic traits of clay-hosted early Cambrian Burgess Shale-type fossil Lagerstätten in South China. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 398, 59-85. (doi:10.1016/j.palaeo. 2013.08.001)
54. Schiffbauer JD, Xiao S, Cai Y, Wallace AF, Hua H, Hunter J, Xu H, Peng Y, Kaufman AJ. 2014 A unifying model for Neoproterozoic-Palaeozoic exceptional fossil preservation through pyritization and carbonaceous compression. Nat. Comm. 5, 5754. (doi:10.1038/ncomms6754)
55. Ortega-Hernández J. 2015 Homology of head sclerites in Burgess Shale euarthropods. Curr. Biol. 25, 1625-1631. (doi:10.1016/j.cub.2015.04.034)
56. Budd GE. 2008 Head structure in upper stem-group arthropods. Palaeontology 51, 561-573. (doi:10. 1111/j.1475-4983.2008.00752.x)
57. Haug JT, Briggs DEG, Haug C. 2012 Morphology and function in the Cambrian Burgess Shale megacheiran arthropod Leanchoilia superlata and the application of a descriptive matrix. BMC Evol. Biol. 12, 162. (doi:10.1186/1471-2148-12-162)
58. Cotton TJ, Braddy SJ. 2004 The phylogeny of arachnomorph arthropods and the origin of the Chelicerata. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. Earth Sci. 94, 169-193.
59. Haug JT, Waloszek D, Maas A, Liu Y, Haug C. 2012 Functional morphology, ontogeny and evolution of mantis shrimp-like predators in the Cambrian. Palaeontology 55, 369-399. (doi:10.1111/j.1475- 4983.2011.01124.x)
60. Tanaka G, Hou X, Ma X, Edgecombe GD, Strausfeld NJ. 2013 Chelicerate neural ground pattern in a Cambrian great appendage arthropod. Nature 502, 364-367. (doi:10.1038/nature12520)
61. Stein M, Budd GE, Peel JS, Harper DAT. 2013 Arthroaspis n. gen., a common element of the Sirius Passet Lagerstätte (Cambrian, North Greenland), sheds light on trilobite ancestry. BMC Evol. Biol. 13, 99.
62. Ortega-Hernández J, Legg DA, Braddy SJ. 2013 The phylogeny of aglaspidid arthropods and the internal relationships within Artiopoda. Cladistics 29, 15-45. (doi:10.1111/j.1096-0031.2012. 00413.x)
63. Strausfeld NJ. 2005 The evolution of crustacean and insect optic lobes and the origins of chiasmata. Arth. Struct. Dev. 34, 235-256. (doi:10.1016/j.asd. 2005.04.001)
64. Strausfeld NJ. 2011 Some observations on the sensory organization of the crustaceamorph Waptia fieldensis Walcott. Palaeontograph. Can. 31, 157-169.
65. Lee MSY, Soubrier J, Edgecombe GD. 2013 Rates of phenotypic and genomic evolution during the Cambrian explosion. Curr. Biol. 23, 1-7. (doi:10. 1016/j.cub.2012.10.044)
66. Rota-Stabelli O, Daley AC, Pisani D. 2013 Molecular timetrees reveal a Cambrian colonization of land and a new scenario for ecdysozoan evolution. Curr. Biol. 23, 392-398. (doi:10.1016/j. cub.2013.01.026)
67. Zhang X-G, Siveter DJ, Waloszek D, Maas A. 2007 An epipodite-bearing crown-group crustacean from the Lower Cambrian. Nature 449, 595-598. (doi:10.1038/nature06138)
68. Zhang X-G, Maas A, Haug JT, Siveter DJ, Waloszek D. 2010 A eucrustacean metanauplius from the lower Cambrian. Curr. Biol. 20, 1075-1079. (doi:10.1016/j.cub.2010.04.026)
69. Harvey THP, Vélez MI, Butterfield NJ. 2012 Exceptionally preserved crustaceans from western Canada reveal a cryptic Cambrian radiation. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 109, 1589-1594. (doi:10.1073/ pnas.1115244109)