Digital media activities and mode of participation in a protest campaign: a study of the Umbrella Movement

Information Communication and Society

Volumn 19, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 4-22

  Lee, Francis L F ^a   Chan, Joseph Man ^a  

^a CHINESE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

Digital media activities; frontline activism; mode of participation; participation leadership; Umbrella Movement

Indexed keywords

EID: 84946491761     PISSN: 1369118X     EISSN: 14684462     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/1369118X.2015.1093530     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. S.Aday,, H.Farrell,, D.Freedon,, M.Lynch, J.Sides, & M.Dewar (2013). Watching from afar: Media consumption patterns around the Arab spring. American Behavioral Scientist, 57(7), 899–919. doi: 10.1177/0002764213479373
2. E.Anduiza,, C.Cristancho,, & J.M.Sabucedo, (2014). Mobilization through online social networks: The political protest of the indignados in Spain. Information, Communication & Society, 17(6), 750–764. doi: 10.1080/1369118X.2013.808360
3. C.Atton, (2002). Alternative media. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
4. W.L.Bennett,, & A.Segerberg, (2013). The logic of connective action. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
5. W.L.Bennett,, A.Segerberg,, & S.Walker, (2014). Organization in the crowd: Peer production in large-scale networked protests. Information, Communication & Society, 17(2), 232–260. doi: 10.1080/1369118X.2013.870379
6. M.Boler,, A.MacDonald,, C.Nitsou,, & A.Harris, (2014). Connective labor and social media: Women's roles in the “leaderless” occupy movement. Convergence, 20(4), 438–460.
7. A.Bruns, (2008). Blogs, second life, and beyond. New York, NY: Peter Lang.
8. M.Castells, (2012). Networks of outrage and hope. New York, NY: Polity.
9. A.Chadwick, (2011). The political information cycle in a hybrid news system: The British prime minister and the “bullygate” affair. International Journal of Press/Politics, 16, 3–29. doi: 10.1177/1940161210384730
10. T.M.Coopman, (2011). Networks of dissent: Emergent forms in media based collective action. Critical Studies in Media Communication, 28(2), 153–172. doi: 10.1080/15295036.2010.514934
11. J.W.van Deth, (2014). A conceptual map of political participation. Acta Politica, 49, 349–367. doi: 10.1057/ap.2014.6
12. J.van Dijck, (2009). Users like you? Theorizing agency in user-generated content. Media, Culture & Society, 31(1), 41–58. doi: 10.1177/0163443708098245
13. J.Earl,, & K.Kimport, (2011). Digitally enabled social change. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
14. N.Eltantawy,, & J.B.Wiest, (2011). Social media in the Egyptian revolution, reconsidering resource mobilization theory. International Journal of Communication, 5, 1207–1224.
15. L.Ems, (2014). Twitter's place in the tussle: How old power struggles play out on a new stage. Media, Culture & Society, 36(5), 720–731. doi: 10.1177/0163443714529070
16. S.Forde, (2011). Challenging the news. New York, NY: Palgrave McMillan.
17. M.Gladwell, (2010, October 4). Small change: Why the revolution will not be tweeted. The New Yorker. Retrieved August 30, 2015, from http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2010/10/04/small-change-malcolm-gladwell
18. G.Haciyakupoglu,, & W.Y.Zhang, (2015). Social media and trust during the Gezi protests in Turkey. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 20(4), 450–466. doi: 10.1111/jcc4.12121
19. M.Hajek,, & J.Kabele, (2010). Dual discursive patterns in Czech activists’ Internet media communication. European Journal of Communication, 25(1), 43–58. doi: 10.1177/0267323109354228
20. S.Harlow, (2012). Social media and social movements: Facebook and an online Guatemalan justice movement that moved offline. New Media & Society, 14(2), 225–243. doi: 10.1177/1461444811410408
21. P.N.Howard,, & M.M.Hussain, (2013). Democracy's fourth wave? New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
22. J.S.Juris, (2005). The new digital media and activist networking within anti-corporate globalization movements. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 597, 189–208. doi: 10.1177/0002716204270338
23. S.H.Kamel, (2014). Egypt's ongoing uprising and the role of social media: Is there development? Information, Communication & Society, 20(1), 78–91.
24. E.Katz,, & P.F.Lazarsfeld, (1957). Personal influence. New York, NY: Free Press.
25. B.S.Krueger, (2006). A comparison of conventional and Internet political mobilization. American Politics Research, 34(6), 759–776. doi: 10.1177/1532673X06290911
26. F.L.F.Lee, (2015a). Internet, citizen self-mobilisation, and social movement organisations in environmental collective action campaigns: Two Hong Kong cases. Environmental Politics, 24(2), 308–325. doi: 10.1080/09644016.2014.919749
27. F.L.F.Lee, (2015b). Social movement as civic education: Communication activities and understanding of civil disobedience in the Umbrella Movement. The Chinese Journal of Communication. Advance online publication. doi:10.1080/17544750.2015.1057192
28. F.L.F.Lee,, & J.M.Chan, (2011). Media, social mobilization and mass protests in post-colonial Hong Kong. London: Routledge.
29. F.L.F.Lee,, & J.M.Chan, (2015). Digital media use and participation leadership in social protests: The case of Tiananmen commemoration in Hong Kong. Telematics & Informatics, 32(4), 879–889. doi: 10.1016/j.tele.2015.04.013
30. D.McAdam, (1986). Recruitment to high-risk activism: The case of freedom summer. American Journal of Sociology, 92, 64–90. doi: 10.1086/228463
31. D.Mercea, (2014). Towards a conceptualization of casual protest participation: Parsing a case from the Save Rosia Montana campaign. East European Politics and Societies, 28(2), 386–410. doi: 10.1177/0888325413519672
32. R.Milkman,, S.Luce,, & P.Lewis, (2013). Changing the subject: A bottom-up account of Occupy Wall Street in New York City. Working Paper for The Murphy Institute, The City University of New York. Retrieved Accessed August 30, 2015, from http://sps.cuny.edu/filestore/1/5/7/1_a05051d2117901d/1571_92f562221b8041e.pdf
33. J.Penney,, & C.Dadas, (2014). (Re)tweeting in the service of protest: Digital composition and circulation in the Occupy Wall Street movement. New Media & Society, 16, 74–90. doi: 10.1177/1461444813479593
34. S.Salem, (2015). Creating spaces for dissent: The role of social media in the 2011 Egyptian revolution. In D.Trottier & C.Fuchs (Eds.), Social media, politics, and the state (pp. 171–188). London: Routledge.
35. A.Schussmann,, & A.Soule, (2005). Process and protest: Accounting for individual protest participation. Social Forces, 84(2), 1083–1108. doi: 10.1353/sof.2006.0034
36. M.M.Skoric,, & N.Poor, (2013). Youth engagement in Singapore: The interplay of social and traditional media. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 57(2), 187–204. doi: 10.1080/08838151.2013.787076
37. C.Sparks, (2015). Business as usual: The UK national daily press and the Occupy Central Movement. Chinese Journal of Communication, 8(4).
38. L.Stein, (2009). Social movement web use in theory and practice: A content analysis of US movement websites. New Media & Society, 11(5), 749–771. doi: 10.1177/1461444809105350
39. G.Tang, (2015). Mobilization of images: Effects of TV screen and mediated instant grievances in the Umbrella Movement. Chinese Journal of Communication, 8(4).
40. G.Tang,, & F.L.F.Lee, (2013). Facebook use and political participation: The impact of exposure to shared political information, connections with public political actors, and network structural heterogeneity. Social Science Computer Review, 31(6), 763–773. doi: 10.1177/0894439313490625
41. M.Tremayne, (2014). Anatomy of protest in the digital era: A network analysis of Twitter and Occupy Wall Street. Social Movement Studies, 13(1), 110–126. doi: 10.1080/14742837.2013.830969
42. Z.Tufekci,, & C.Wilson, (2012). Social media and the decision to participate in political protest: Observations from Tahrir Square. Journal of Communication, 62(2), 363–379. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-2466.2012.01629.x
43. S.Valenzuela, (2013). Unpacking the use of social media for protest behavior: The roles of information, opinion expression, and activism. American Behavioral Scientist, 57(2), 920–942. doi: 10.1177/0002764213479375
44. S.Valenzuela,, A.Arriagada,, & A.Scherman, (2012). The social media basis of youth protest behavior: The case of Chile. Journal of Communication, 62(2), 299–314. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-2466.2012.01635.x
45. S.Verba, & N.Nie, (1972). Participation in America. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
46. G.Weimann, (1991). The influentials: Back to the concept of opinion leaders? Public Opinion Quarterly, 55, 267–279. doi: 10.1086/269257