Differential benefits of amoxicillin-metronidazole in different phases of periodontal therapy in a randomized controlled crossover clinical trial

Journal of Periodontology

Volumn 86, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 367-375

  Mombelli, Andrea ^a   Almaghlouth, Adnan ^a,b   Cionca, Norbert ^a   Courvoisier, Delphine S ^a   Giannopoulou, Catherine ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GENEVA   (Switzerland)

^b KING FAHAD MEDICAL CITY   (Saudi Arabia)

Author keywords

Amoxicillin; Case management; Metronidazole; Periodontitis; Randomized controlled trial

Indexed keywords

AMOXICILLIN; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; DRUG COMBINATION; METRONIDAZOLE; PLACEBO;

ADULT; AGED; AGGREGATIBACTER ACTINOMYCETEMCOMITANS; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONTROLLED STUDY; CROSSOVER PROCEDURE; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DRUG COMBINATION; DRUG EFFECTS; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HUMAN; MALE; MICROBIOLOGY; MIDDLE AGED; MULTIMODALITY CANCER THERAPY; PASTEURELLACEAE INFECTIONS; PERIODONTAL POCKET; PERIODONTICS; PERIODONTITIS; PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY; PROCEDURES; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SURGICAL FLAPS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ADULT; AGED; AGGREGATIBACTER ACTINOMYCETEMCOMITANS; AMOXICILLIN; ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; COMBINED MODALITY THERAPY; CROSS-OVER STUDIES; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; DRUG COMBINATIONS; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; HUMANS; MALE; METRONIDAZOLE; MIDDLE AGED; PASTEURELLACEAE INFECTIONS; PERIODONTAL DEBRIDEMENT; PERIODONTAL INDEX; PERIODONTAL POCKET; PERIODONTITIS; PLACEBOS; SURGICAL FLAPS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 84946184072     PISSN: 00223492     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1902/jop.2014.140478     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Zandbergen D, Slot DE, Cobb CM, Van der Weijden FA. The clinical effect of scaling and root planing and the concomitant administration of systemic amoxicillin and metronidazole: A systematic review. J Periodontol 2013;84:332-351.
2. Sgolastra F, Gatto R, Petrucci A, Monaco A. Effectiveness of systemic amoxicillin/metronidazole as adjunctive therapy to scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: A systematic review and metaanalysis. J Periodontol 2012;83:1257-1269.
3. Sgolastra F, Petrucci A, Gatto R, Monaco A. Effectiveness of systemic amoxicillin/metronidazole as an adjunctive therapy to full-mouth scaling and root planing in the treatment of aggressive periodontitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Periodontol 2012;83: 731-743.
4. Zandbergen D, Slot DE, Cobb CM, Van der Weijden FA. Letter to the editor: Authors' response. J Periodontol 2014;85:384-385.
5. Preus HR, Scheie AA, Baelum V. Letter to the editor: Re: The clinical effect of scaling and root planing and the concomitant administration of systemic amoxicillin and metronidazole: A systematic review; Re: Effectiveness of systemic amoxicillin/metronidazole as adjunctive therapy to scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: A systematic review and metaanalysis; Re: Effectiveness of systemic amoxicillin/ metronidazole as an adjunctive therapy to full-mouth scaling and root planing in the treatment of aggressive periodontitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Periodontol 2014;85:374-384.
6. Loesche WJ, Giordano JR, Hujoel P, Schwarcz J, Smith BA. Metronidazole in periodontitis: Reduced need for surgery. J Clin Periodontol 1992;19:103-112.
7. Loesche WJ, Giordano JR, Soehren S, Kaciroti N. The nonsurgical treatment of patients with periodontal disease: Results after five years. J Am Dent Assoc 2002;133:311-320.
8. Robbins J. Experts debate the best way to fix ailing gums. The New York Times. January 21, 2003.
9. Mombelli A. Antimicrobial advances in treating periodontal diseases. Front Oral Biol 2012;15:133-148.
10. Herrera D, Alonso B, León R, Roldán S, Sanz M. Antimicrobial therapy in periodontitis: The use of systemic antimicrobials against the subgingival biofilm. J Clin Periodontol 2008;35(Suppl. 8):45-66.
11. Kaner D, Christan C, Dietrich T, Bernimoulin JP, Kleber BM, Friedmann A. Timing affects the clinical outcome of adjunctive systemic antibiotic therapy for generalized aggressive periodontitis. J Periodontol 2007;78: 1201-1208.
12. Griffiths GS, Ayob R, Guerrero A, et al. Amoxicillin and metronidazole as an adjunctive treatment in generalized aggressive periodontitis at initial therapy or retreatment: A randomized controlled clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol 2011;38:43-49.
13. van Winkelhoff AJ, Winkel EG. Microbiological diagnostics in periodontics: Biological significance and clinical validity. Periodontol 2000 2005;39:40-52.
14. Mombelli A, Cionca N, Almaghlouth A, Dé caillet F, Courvoisier DS, Giannopoulou C. Are there specific benefits of amoxicillin plus metronidazole in Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-associated periodontitis? Double-masked, randomized clinical trial of efficacy and safety. J Periodontol 2013;84:715-724.
15. Guerrero A, Nibali L, Lambertenghi R, et al. Impact of baseline microbiological status on clinical outcomes in generalized aggressive periodontitis patients treated with or without adjunctive amoxicillin and metronidazole: An exploratory analysis from a randomized controlled clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol 2014;41: 1080-1089.
16. Mombelli A, Casagni F, Madianos PN. Can presence or absence of periodontal pathogens distinguish between subjects with chronic and aggressive periodontitis? A systematic review. J Clin Periodontol 2002;29(Suppl. 3):10-21, discussion 37-38.
17. Dix K, Watanabe SM, McArdle S, et al. Species-specific oligodeoxynucleotide probes for the identification of periodontal bacteria. J Clin Microbiol 1990;28:319-323.
18. Armitage GC. Development of a classification system for periodontal diseases and conditions. Ann Periodontol 1999;4:1-6.
19. Löe H, Silness J. Periodontal disease in pregnancy. I. Prevalence and severity. Acta Odontol Scand 1963;21: 533-551.
20. Matuliene G, Pjetursson BE, Salvi GE, et al. Influence of residual pockets on progression of periodontitis and tooth loss: Results after 11 years of maintenance. J Clin Periodontol 2008;35:685-695.
21. Cionca N, Giannopoulou C, Ugolotti G, Mombelli A. Amoxicillin and metronidazole as an adjunct to fullmouth scaling and root planing of chronic periodontitis. J Periodontol 2009;80:364-371.
22. Mestnik MJ, Feres M, Figueiredo LC, et al. The effects of adjunctive metronidazole plus amoxicillin in the treatment of generalized aggressive periodontitis: A 1-year double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol 2012;39: 955-961.
23. Feres M, Soares GM, Mendes JA, et al. Metronidazole alone or with amoxicillin as adjuncts to non-surgical treatment of chronic periodontitis: A 1-year doubleblinded, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol 2012;39:1149-1158.
24. Armitage GC. AAP centennial commentary: Theme 3: Evolution and application of classification systems for periodontal diseases-A retrospective commentary. J Periodontol 2014;85:369-371.
25. Socransky SS, Haffajee AD, Teles R, et al. Effect of periodontal therapy on the subgingival microbiota over a 2-year monitoring period. I. Overall effect and kinetics of change. J Clin Periodontol 2013;40:771-780.
26. Soares GM, Mendes JA, Silva MP, et al. Metronidazole alone or with amoxicillin as adjuncts to non-surgical treatment of chronic periodontitis: A secondary analysis of microbiological results from a randomized clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol 2014;41:366-376.
27. Cionca N, Giannopoulou C, Ugolotti G, Mombelli A. Microbiologic testing and outcomes of full-mouth scaling and root planing with or without amoxicillin/ metronidazole in chronic periodontitis. J Periodontol 2010;81:15-23.
28. Eberhard J, Jepsen S, Jervøe-Storm PM, Needleman I, Worthington HV. Full-mouth disinfection for the treatment of adult chronic periodontitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008;(1):CD004622.
29. Hujoel PP. Endpoints in periodontal trials: The need for an evidence-based research approach. Periodontol 2000 2004;36:196-204.
30. Goodson JM, Haffajee AD, Socransky SS, et al. Control of periodontal infections: A randomized controlled trial I. The primary outcome attachment gain and pocket depth reduction at treated sites. J Clin Periodontol 2012;39:526-536.
31. Eickholz P, Krigar DM, Pretzl B, Steinbrenner H, Dörfer C, Kim TS. Guided tissue regeneration with bioabsorbable barriers. II. Long-term results in infrabony defects. J Periodontol 2004;75:957-965.
32. Cortellini P, Tonetti MS. Long-term tooth survival following regenerative treatment of intrabony defects. J Periodontol 2004;75:672-678.
33. Axelsson P, Nyström B, Lindhe J. The long-term effect of a plaque control program on tooth mortality, caries and periodontal disease in adults. Results after 30 years of maintenance. J Clin Periodontol 2004;31:749-757.
34. Axelsson P, Lindhe J. The significance of maintenance care in the treatment of periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol 1981;8:281-294.
35. Lindhe J, Westfelt E, Nyman S, Socransky SS, Haffajee AD. Long-term effect of surgical/non-surgical treatment of periodontal disease. J Clin Periodontol 1984; 11:448-458.
36. Matarazzo F, Figueiredo LC, Cruz SE, Faveri M, Feres M. Clinical and microbiological benefits of systemic metronidazole and amoxicillin in the treatment of smokers with chronic periodontitis: A randomized placebo-controlled study. J Clin Periodontol 2008;35: 885-896.
37. Palmer RM, Matthews JP, Wilson RF. Non-surgical periodontal treatment with and without adjunctive metronidazole in smokers and non-smokers. J Clin Periodontol 1999;26:158-163.
38. Faveri M, Rebello A, de Oliveira Dias R, et al. Clinical and microbiologic effects of adjunctive metronidazole plus amoxicillin in the treatment of generalized chronic periodontitis: Smokers versus non-smokers. J Periodontol 2014;85:581-591.