메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 11, Issue 10, 2015, Pages 597-606

Evidence-based guidelines: MAGNIMS consensus guidelines on the use of MRI in multiple sclerosis - Establishing disease prognosis and monitoring patients

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALEMTUZUMAB; FINGOLIMOD; FUMARIC ACID DIMETHYL ESTER; GADOLINIUM; NATALIZUMAB; RITUXIMAB;

EID: 84942991168     PISSN: 17594758     EISSN: 17594766     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nrneurol.2015.157     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (421)

References (134)
  • 1
    • 0033546636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The contribution of magnetic resonance imaging to the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis
    • Fazekas, F. et al. The contribution of magnetic resonance imaging to the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Neurology 53, 448-456 (1999).
    • (1999) Neurology , vol.53 , pp. 448-456
    • Fazekas, F.1
  • 2
    • 3843129631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of magnetic resonance imaging within diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis
    • Miller, D. H. et al. Role of magnetic resonance imaging within diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis. Ann. Neurol. 56, 273-278 (2004).
    • (2004) Ann. Neurol. , vol.56 , pp. 273-278
    • Miller, D.H.1
  • 3
    • 33750597533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MRI and the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: Expanding the concept of "no better explanation"
    • Charil, A. et al. MRI and the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: expanding the concept of "no better explanation". Lancet Neurol. 5, 841-852 (2006).
    • (2006) Lancet Neurol. , vol.5 , pp. 841-852
    • Charil, A.1
  • 4
    • 0034955141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recommended diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: Guidelines from the International Panel on the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis
    • McDonald, W. I. et al. Recommended diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines from the International Panel on the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Ann. Neurol. 50, 121-127 (2001).
    • (2001) Ann. Neurol. , vol.50 , pp. 121-127
    • McDonald, W.I.1
  • 5
    • 28544436950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2005 revisions to the "McDonald Criteria"
    • Polman, C. H. et al. Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2005 revisions to the "McDonald Criteria". Ann. Neurol. 58, 840-846 (2005).
    • (2005) Ann. Neurol. , vol.58 , pp. 840-846
    • Polman, C.H.1
  • 6
    • 79952501096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2010 revisions to the McDonald criteria
    • Polman, C. H. et al. Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2010 revisions to the McDonald criteria. Ann. Neurol. 69, 292-302 (2011).
    • (2011) Ann. Neurol. , vol.69 , pp. 292-302
    • Polman, C.H.1
  • 7
    • 84893407969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Requirement for safety monitoring for approved multiple sclerosis therapies: An overview
    • Rommer, P. S. et al. Requirement for safety monitoring for approved multiple sclerosis therapies: an overview. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 175, 397-407 (2014).
    • (2014) Clin. Exp. Immunol. , vol.175 , pp. 397-407
    • Rommer, P.S.1
  • 8
    • 84897026062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Established and novel disease-modifying treatments in multiple sclerosis
    • Cross, A. H. & Naismith, R. T. Established and novel disease-modifying treatments in multiple sclerosis. J. Intern. Med. 275, 350-363 (2014).
    • (2014) J. Intern. Med. , vol.275 , pp. 350-363
    • Cross, A.H.1    Naismith, R.T.2
  • 9
    • 85021035441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized phase i trials of the safety/tolerability of anti-LINGO-1 monoclonal antibody BIIB033
    • Tran, J. Q. et al. Randomized phase I trials of the safety/tolerability of anti-LINGO-1 monoclonal antibody BIIB033. Neurol. Neuroimmunol. Neuroinflamm. 1, e18 (2014).
    • (2014) Neurol. Neuroimmunol. Neuroinflamm. , vol.1 , pp. e18
    • Tran, J.Q.1
  • 10
    • 84938959171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MAGNIMS consensus guidelines on the use of MRI in multiple sclerosis-clinical implementation in the diagnostic process
    • Rovira, A. et al. MAGNIMS consensus guidelines on the use of MRI in multiple sclerosis-clinical implementation in the diagnostic process. Nat. Rev. Neurol. 11, 471-482 (2015).
    • (2015) Nat. Rev. Neurol. , vol.11 , pp. 471-482
    • Rovira, A.1
  • 11
    • 0036260539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The clinico-radiological paradox in multiple sclerosis revisited
    • Barkhof, F. The clinico-radiological paradox in multiple sclerosis revisited. Curr. Opin. Neurol. 15, 239-245 (2002).
    • (2002) Curr. Opin. Neurol. , vol.15 , pp. 239-245
    • Barkhof, F.1
  • 12
    • 84936805166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defining high, medium and low impact prognostic factors for developing multiple sclerosis
    • Tintore, M. et al. Defining high, medium and low impact prognostic factors for developing multiple sclerosis. Brain 138, 1863-1874 (2015).
    • (2015) Brain , vol.138 , pp. 1863-1874
    • Tintore, M.1
  • 13
    • 39749200152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disability and T2 MRI lesions: A 20-year follow-up of patients with relapse onset of multiple sclerosis
    • Fisniku, L. K. et al. Disability and T2 MRI lesions: a 20-year follow-up of patients with relapse onset of multiple sclerosis. Brain 131, 808-817 (2008).
    • (2008) Brain , vol.131 , pp. 808-817
    • Fisniku, L.K.1
  • 14
    • 76449092105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early MRI in optic neuritis: The risk for clinically definite multiple sclerosis
    • Swanton, J. K. et al. Early MRI in optic neuritis: the risk for clinically definite multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler. 16, 156-165 (2010).
    • (2010) Mult. Scler. , vol.16 , pp. 156-165
    • Swanton, J.K.1
  • 15
    • 78649996252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brainstem lesions in clinically isolated syndromes
    • Tintore, M. et al. Brainstem lesions in clinically isolated syndromes. Neurology 75, 1933-1938 (2010).
    • (2010) Neurology , vol.75 , pp. 1933-1938
    • Tintore, M.1
  • 16
    • 62149133114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early MRI in optic neuritis: The risk for disability
    • Swanton, J. K. et al. Early MRI in optic neuritis: the risk for disability. Neurology 72, 542-550 (2009).
    • (2009) Neurology , vol.72 , pp. 542-550
    • Swanton, J.K.1
  • 17
    • 1042268036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infratentorial lesions predict long-term disability in patients with initial findings suggestive of multiple sclerosis
    • Minneboo, A. et al. Infratentorial lesions predict long-term disability in patients with initial findings suggestive of multiple sclerosis. Arch. Neurol. 61, 217-221 (2004).
    • (2004) Arch. Neurol. , vol.61 , pp. 217-221
    • Minneboo, A.1
  • 18
    • 33645732865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Standardized MR imaging protocol for multiple sclerosis: Consortium of MS Centers consensus guidelines
    • Simon, J. H. et al. Standardized MR imaging protocol for multiple sclerosis: Consortium of MS Centers consensus guidelines. AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. 27, 455-461 (2006).
    • (2006) AJNR Am. J. Neuroradiol. , vol.27 , pp. 455-461
    • Simon, J.H.1
  • 19
    • 84875251337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of magnetic resonance imaging as well as clinical disease activity in the clinical classification of multiple sclerosis and assessment of its course: A report from an international CMSC Consensus Conference, March 5-7, 2010
    • Cook, S. D. et al. Use of magnetic resonance imaging as well as clinical disease activity in the clinical classification of multiple sclerosis and assessment of its course: a report from an international CMSC Consensus Conference, March 5-7, 2010. Int. J. MS Care 14, 105-114 (2012).
    • (2012) Int. J. MS Care , vol.14 , pp. 105-114
    • Cook, S.D.1
  • 20
    • 84876716900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Standardized magnetic resonance imaging acquisition and reporting in pediatric multiple sclerosis
    • Verhey, L. H., Narayanan, S. & Banwell, B. Standardized magnetic resonance imaging acquisition and reporting in pediatric multiple sclerosis. Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. 23, 17-26 (2013).
    • (2013) Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. , vol.23 , pp. 17-26
    • Verhey, L.H.1    Narayanan, S.2    Banwell, B.3
  • 21
    • 0029925782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serial gadolinium-enhanced MRI of the brain and spinal cord in early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
    • Thorpe, J. W. et al. Serial gadolinium-enhanced MRI of the brain and spinal cord in early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Neurology 46, 373-378 (1996).
    • (1996) Neurology , vol.46 , pp. 373-378
    • Thorpe, J.W.1
  • 22
    • 0035083892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A modified protocol to improve the detection of enhancing brain and spinal cord lesions in multiple sclerosis
    • Silver, N. C. et al. A modified protocol to improve the detection of enhancing brain and spinal cord lesions in multiple sclerosis. J. Neurol. 248, 215-224 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Neurol. , vol.248 , pp. 215-224
    • Silver, N.C.1
  • 23
    • 0042521064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spinal-cord MRI in multiple sclerosis
    • Lycklama, G. et al. Spinal-cord MRI in multiple sclerosis. Lancet Neurol. 2, 555-562 (2003).
    • (2003) Lancet Neurol. , vol.2 , pp. 555-562
    • Lycklama, G.1
  • 24
    • 80053424031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance active lesions as individual-level surrogate for relapses in multiple sclerosis
    • Sormani, M. P. et al. Magnetic resonance active lesions as individual-level surrogate for relapses in multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler. 17, 541-549 (2011).
    • (2011) Mult. Scler. , vol.17 , pp. 541-549
    • Sormani, M.P.1
  • 25
    • 84655162283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MRI monitoring of immunomodulation in relapse-onset multiple sclerosis trials
    • Barkhof, F. et al. MRI monitoring of immunomodulation in relapse-onset multiple sclerosis trials. Nat. Rev. Neurol. 8, 13-21 (2011).
    • (2011) Nat. Rev. Neurol. , vol.8 , pp. 13-21
    • Barkhof, F.1
  • 26
    • 68349107070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imaging outcomes for neuroprotection and repair in multiple sclerosis trials. Imaging outcomes for neuroprotection and repair in multiple sclerosis trials
    • Barkhof, F., Calabresi, P. A., Miller, D. H. & Reingold, S. C. Imaging outcomes for neuroprotection and repair in multiple sclerosis trials. Imaging outcomes for neuroprotection and repair in multiple sclerosis trials. Nat. Rev. Neurol. 5, 256-266 (2009).
    • (2009) Nat. Rev. Neurol. , vol.5 , pp. 256-266
    • Barkhof, F.1    Calabresi, P.A.2    Miller, D.H.3    Reingold, S.C.4
  • 27
    • 84893569616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferon beta-1b reduces black holes in a randomised trial of clinically isolated syndrome
    • Nagtegaal, G. J. et al. Interferon beta-1b reduces black holes in a randomised trial of clinically isolated syndrome. Mult. Scler. 20, 234-242 (2014).
    • (2014) Mult. Scler. , vol.20 , pp. 234-242
    • Nagtegaal, G.J.1
  • 28
    • 84921024591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic value of brain chronic black holes on T1-weighted MR images in clinically isolated syndromes
    • Mitjana, R. et al. Diagnostic value of brain chronic black holes on T1-weighted MR images in clinically isolated syndromes. Mult. Scler. 20, 1471-1477 (2014).
    • (2014) Mult. Scler. , vol.20 , pp. 1471-1477
    • Mitjana, R.1
  • 29
    • 84893601653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relevance of hypointense brain MRI lesions for long-term worsening of clinical disability in relapsing multiple sclerosis
    • Giorgio, A. et al. Relevance of hypointense brain MRI lesions for long-term worsening of clinical disability in relapsing multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler. 20, 214-219 (2014).
    • (2014) Mult. Scler. , vol.20 , pp. 214-219
    • Giorgio, A.1
  • 30
    • 84893152422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel therapeutic options for multiple sclerosis
    • Curtin, F. & Hartung, H. P. Novel therapeutic options for multiple sclerosis. Expert Rev. Clin. Pharmacol. 7, 91-104 (2014).
    • (2014) Expert Rev. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.7 , pp. 91-104
    • Curtin, F.1    Hartung, H.P.2
  • 32
    • 84896835232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical relevance of brain volume measures in multiple sclerosis
    • De Stefano, N. et al. Clinical relevance of brain volume measures in multiple sclerosis. CNS Drugs 28, 147-156 (2014).
    • (2014) CNS Drugs , vol.28 , pp. 147-156
    • De Stefano, N.1
  • 33
    • 77953335345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing brain atrophy rates in a large population of untreated multiple sclerosis subtypes
    • De Stefano, N. et al. Assessing brain atrophy rates in a large population of untreated multiple sclerosis subtypes. Neurology 74, 1868-1876 (2010).
    • (2010) Neurology , vol.74 , pp. 1868-1876
    • De Stefano, N.1
  • 34
    • 54849431166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gray matter atrophy in multiple sclerosis: A longitudinal study
    • Fisher, E., Lee, J. C., Nakamura, K. & Rudick, R. A. Gray matter atrophy in multiple sclerosis: a longitudinal study. Ann. Neurol. 64, 255-265 (2008).
    • (2008) Ann. Neurol. , vol.64 , pp. 255-265
    • Fisher, E.1    Lee, J.C.2    Nakamura, K.3    Rudick, R.A.4
  • 35
    • 84884582403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain atrophy and lesion load predict long term disability in multiple sclerosis
    • Popescu, V. et al. Brain atrophy and lesion load predict long term disability in multiple sclerosis. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 84, 1082-1091 (2013).
    • (2013) J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry , vol.84 , pp. 1082-1091
    • Popescu, V.1
  • 36
    • 84888231694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gray matter damage predicts the accumulation of disability 13 years later in MS
    • Filippi, M. et al. Gray matter damage predicts the accumulation of disability 13 years later in MS. Neurology 81, 1759-1767 (2013).
    • (2013) Neurology , vol.81 , pp. 1759-1767
    • Filippi, M.1
  • 37
    • 84893139638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging predictors of disease progression in multiple sclerosis: A nine-year follow-up study
    • Lavorgna, L. et al. Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging predictors of disease progression in multiple sclerosis: a nine-year follow-up study. Mult. Scler. 20, 220-226 (2014).
    • (2014) Mult. Scler. , vol.20 , pp. 220-226
    • Lavorgna, L.1
  • 38
    • 84893562464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of the topography of brain damage on depression and fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis
    • Gobbi, C. et al. Influence of the topography of brain damage on depression and fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler. 20, 192-201 (2014).
    • (2014) Mult. Scler. , vol.20 , pp. 192-201
    • Gobbi, C.1
  • 39
    • 0034490261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between brain atrophy and disability: An 8. Year follow-up study of multiple sclerosis patients
    • Fisher, E. et al. Relationship between brain atrophy and disability: an 8.year follow-up study of multiple sclerosis patients. Mult. Scler. 6, 373-377 (2000).
    • (2000) Mult. Scler. , vol.6 , pp. 373-377
    • Fisher, E.1
  • 40
    • 84871604801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Revisiting brain atrophy and its relationship to disability in multiple sclerosis
    • Shiee, N. et al. Revisiting brain atrophy and its relationship to disability in multiple sclerosis. PLoS ONE 7, e37049 (2012).
    • (2012) PLoS ONE , vol.7 , pp. e37049
    • Shiee, N.1
  • 41
    • 84908326865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain atrophy and disability progression in multiple sclerosis patients: A 10-year follow-up study
    • Jacobsen, C. et al. Brain atrophy and disability progression in multiple sclerosis patients: a 10-year follow-up study. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 85, 1109-1115 (2014).
    • (2014) J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry , vol.85 , pp. 1109-1115
    • Jacobsen, C.1
  • 42
    • 84863344656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between pathological and MRI findings in multiple sclerosis
    • Filippi, M. et al. Association between pathological and MRI findings in multiple sclerosis. Lancet Neurol. 11, 349-360 (2012).
    • (2012) Lancet Neurol. , vol.11 , pp. 349-360
    • Filippi, M.1
  • 43
    • 84894038191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment effect on brain atrophy correlates with treatment effect on disability in multiple sclerosis
    • Sormani, M. P., Arnold, D. L. & De Stefano, N. Treatment effect on brain atrophy correlates with treatment effect on disability in multiple sclerosis. Ann. Neurol. 75, 43-49 (2014).
    • (2014) Ann. Neurol. , vol.75 , pp. 43-49
    • Sormani, M.P.1    Arnold, D.L.2    De Stefano, N.3
  • 44
    • 47549113346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of action of disease-modifying agents and brain volume changes in multiple sclerosis
    • Zivadinov, R. et al. Mechanisms of action of disease-modifying agents and brain volume changes in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 71, 136-144 (2008).
    • (2008) Neurology , vol.71 , pp. 136-144
    • Zivadinov, R.1
  • 45
    • 84881032710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early brain pseudoatrophy while on natalizumab therapy is due to white matter volume changes
    • Vidal-Jordana, A. et al. Early brain pseudoatrophy while on natalizumab therapy is due to white matter volume changes. Mult. Scler. 19, 1175-1181 (2013).
    • (2013) Mult. Scler. , vol.19 , pp. 1175-1181
    • Vidal-Jordana, A.1
  • 46
    • 84930521304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain atrophy in natalizumab-treated patients: A 3
    • Sastre-Garriga, J. et al. Brain atrophy in natalizumab-treated patients: a 3.year follow-up. Mult. Scler. 21, 749-756 (2015).
    • (2015) Year Follow-up. Mult. Scler. , vol.21 , pp. 749-756
    • Sastre-Garriga, J.1
  • 47
    • 84930511312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards a better understanding of pseudoatrophy in the brain of multiple sclerosis patients
    • De Stefano, N. & Arnold, D. L. Towards a better understanding of pseudoatrophy in the brain of multiple sclerosis patients. Mult. Scler. 21, 675-676 (2015).
    • (2015) Mult. Scler. , vol.21 , pp. 675-676
    • De Stefano, N.1    Arnold, D.L.2
  • 48
    • 18844445577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for progression of brain atrophy in aging: Six-year follow-up of normal subjects
    • Enzinger, C. et al. Risk factors for progression of brain atrophy in aging: six-year follow-up of normal subjects. Neurology 64, 1704-1711 (2005).
    • (2005) Neurology , vol.64 , pp. 1704-1711
    • Enzinger, C.1
  • 49
    • 71849088185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intra- and interscanner variability of automated voxel-based volumetry based on a 3D probabilistic atlas of human cerebral structures
    • Huppertz, H. J., Kroll-Seger, J., Kloppel, S., Ganz, R. E. & Kassubek, J. Intra- and interscanner variability of automated voxel-based volumetry based on a 3D probabilistic atlas of human cerebral structures. Neuroimage 49, 2216-2224 (2010).
    • (2010) Neuroimage , vol.49 , pp. 2216-2224
    • Huppertz, H.J.1    Kroll-Seger, J.2    Kloppel, S.3    Ganz, R.E.4    Kassubek, J.5
  • 50
    • 57149129360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetization transfer MR imaging in multiple sclerosis
    • Ropele, S. & Fazekas, F. Magnetization transfer MR imaging in multiple sclerosis. Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. 19, 27-36 (2009).
    • (2009) Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. , vol.19 , pp. 27-36
    • Ropele, S.1    Fazekas, F.2
  • 52
    • 0032724612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Axonal loss in multiple sclerosis lesions: Magnetic resonance imaging insights into substrates of disability
    • van Waesberghe, J. H. et al. Axonal loss in multiple sclerosis lesions: magnetic resonance imaging insights into substrates of disability. Ann. Neurol. 46, 747-754 (1999).
    • (1999) Ann. Neurol. , vol.46 , pp. 747-754
    • Van Waesberghe, J.H.1
  • 53
    • 4444310685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetization transfer ratio and myelin in postmortem multiple sclerosis brain
    • Schmierer, K., Scaravilli, F., Altmann, D. R., Barker, G. J. & Miller, D. H. Magnetization transfer ratio and myelin in postmortem multiple sclerosis brain. Ann. Neurol. 56, 407-415 (2004).
    • (2004) Ann. Neurol. , vol.56 , pp. 407-415
    • Schmierer, K.1    Scaravilli, F.2    Altmann, D.R.3    Barker, G.J.4    Miller, D.H.5
  • 54
    • 10744225280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High field MRI correlates of myelin content and axonal density in multiple sclerosis-. A post-mortem study of the spinal cord
    • Mottershead, J. P. et al. High field MRI correlates of myelin content and axonal density in multiple sclerosis-.a post-mortem study of the spinal cord. J. Neurol. 250, 1293-1301 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Neurol. , vol.250 , pp. 1293-1301
    • Mottershead, J.P.1
  • 55
  • 56
    • 77958574421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative MR imaging of brain iron: A postmortem validation study
    • Langkammer, C. et al. Quantitative MR imaging of brain iron: a postmortem validation study. Radiology 257, 455-462 (2010).
    • (2010) Radiology , vol.257 , pp. 455-462
    • Langkammer, C.1
  • 57
    • 84858046924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis
    • Filippi, M. & Rocca, M. A. New magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Expert Opin. Med. Diagn. 6, 109-120 (2012).
    • (2012) Expert Opin. Med. Diagn. , vol.6 , pp. 109-120
    • Filippi, M.1    Rocca, M.A.2
  • 58
    • 84882452150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Future MRI tools in multiple sclerosis
    • Filippi, M., Absinta, M. & Rocca, M. A. Future MRI tools in multiple sclerosis. J. Neurol. Sci. 331, 14-18 (2013).
    • (2013) J. Neurol. Sci. , vol.331 , pp. 14-18
    • Filippi, M.1    Absinta, M.2    Rocca, M.A.3
  • 59
    • 12244272410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of interferon β-1b on quantities derived from MT MRI in secondary progressive MS
    • Inglese, M. et al. The effect of interferon β-1b on quantities derived from MT MRI in secondary progressive MS. Neurology 60, 853-860 (2003).
    • (2003) Neurology , vol.60 , pp. 853-860
    • Inglese, M.1
  • 60
    • 4444221352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European study on intravenous immunoglobulin in multiple sclerosis: Results of magnetization transfer magnetic resonance imaging analysis
    • Filippi, M. et al. European study on intravenous immunoglobulin in multiple sclerosis: results of magnetization transfer magnetic resonance imaging analysis. Arch. Neurol. 61, 1409-1412 (2004).
    • (2004) Arch. Neurol. , vol.61 , pp. 1409-1412
    • Filippi, M.1
  • 61
    • 0035788425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Axonal metabolic recovery in multiple sclerosis patients treated with interferon beta-1b
    • Narayanan, S. et al. Axonal metabolic recovery in multiple sclerosis patients treated with interferon beta-1b. J. Neurol. 248, 979-986 (2001).
    • (2001) J. Neurol. , vol.248 , pp. 979-986
    • Narayanan, S.1
  • 62
    • 42149098368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging of primary progressive multiple sclerosis patients treated with glatiramer acetate: Multicenter study
    • Sajja, B. R., Narayana, P. A., Wolinsky, J. S. & Ahn, C. W. Longitudinal magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging of primary progressive multiple sclerosis patients treated with glatiramer acetate: multicenter study. Mult. Scler. 14, 73-80 (2008).
    • (2008) Mult. Scler. , vol.14 , pp. 73-80
    • Sajja, B.R.1    Narayana, P.A.2    Wolinsky, J.S.3    Ahn, C.W.4
  • 63
    • 40449107394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetization transfer ratio evolution with demyelination and remyelination in multiple sclerosis lesions
    • Chen, J. T., Collins, D. L., Atkins, H. L., Freedman, M. S. & Arnold, D. L. Magnetization transfer ratio evolution with demyelination and remyelination in multiple sclerosis lesions. Ann. Neurol. 63, 254-262 (2008).
    • (2008) Ann. Neurol. , vol.63 , pp. 254-262
    • Chen, J.T.1    Collins, D.L.2    Atkins, H.L.3    Freedman, M.S.4    Arnold, D.L.5
  • 64
    • 84873640130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnetization transfer imaging in multiple sclerosis treated with alemtuzumab
    • Button, T. et al. Magnetization transfer imaging in multiple sclerosis treated with alemtuzumab. Mult. Scler. 19, 241-244 (2012).
    • (2012) Mult. Scler. , vol.19 , pp. 241-244
    • Button, T.1
  • 65
    • 84906537932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Placebo-controlled trial of oral laquinimod in multiple sclerosis: MRI evidence of an effect on brain tissue damage
    • Filippi, M. et al. Placebo-controlled trial of oral laquinimod in multiple sclerosis: MRI evidence of an effect on brain tissue damage. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 85, 851-858 (2014).
    • (2014) J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry , vol.85 , pp. 851-858
    • Filippi, M.1
  • 67
    • 67649354558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measures in the first year of therapy predict the response to interferon β in MS
    • Rio, J. et al. Measures in the first year of therapy predict the response to interferon β in MS. Mult. Scler. 15, 848-853 (2009).
    • (2009) Mult. Scler. , vol.15 , pp. 848-853
    • Rio, J.1
  • 68
    • 70349745515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting responders to therapies for multiple sclerosis
    • Rio, J., Comabella, M. & Montalban, X. Predicting responders to therapies for multiple sclerosis. Nat. Rev. Neurol. 5, 553-560 (2009).
    • (2009) Nat. Rev. Neurol. , vol.5 , pp. 553-560
    • Rio, J.1    Comabella, M.2    Montalban, X.3
  • 69
    • 4844223606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defining interferon β response status in multiple sclerosis patients
    • Rudick, R. A., Lee, J. C., Simon, J., Ransohoff, R. M. & Fisher, E. Defining interferon β response status in multiple sclerosis patients. Ann. Neurol. 56, 548-555 (2004).
    • (2004) Ann. Neurol. , vol.56 , pp. 548-555
    • Rudick, R.A.1    Lee, J.C.2    Simon, J.3    Ransohoff, R.M.4    Fisher, E.5
  • 70
    • 78650156742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A method for evaluating treatment switching criteria in multiple sclerosis
    • Healy, B. C. et al. A method for evaluating treatment switching criteria in multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler. 16, 1483-1489 (2010).
    • (2010) Mult. Scler. , vol.16 , pp. 1483-1489
    • Healy, B.C.1
  • 71
    • 0038104642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging criteria for multiple sclerosis and response to interferon β1a
    • Barkhof, F. et al. Validation of diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging criteria for multiple sclerosis and response to interferon β1a. Ann. Neurol. 53, 718-724 (2003).
    • (2003) Ann. Neurol. , vol.53 , pp. 718-724
    • Barkhof, F.1
  • 72
    • 33749027200 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term subcutaneous interferon beta-1a therapy in patients with relapsing
    • Kappos, L. et al. Long-term subcutaneous interferon beta-1a therapy in patients with relapsing.remitting MS. Neurology 67, 944-953 (2006).
    • (2006) Remitting MS. Neurology , vol.67 , pp. 944-953
    • Kappos, L.1
  • 73
    • 84879022224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical and MRI predictors of response to interferon-beta and glatiramer acetate in relapsing
    • Romeo, M. et al. Clinical and MRI predictors of response to interferon-beta and glatiramer acetate in relapsing.remitting multiple sclerosis patients. Eur. J. Neurol. 20, 1060-1067 (2013).
    • (2013) Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients. Eur. J. Neurol. , vol.20 , pp. 1060-1067
    • Romeo, M.1
  • 74
    • 84928371402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subgroups of multiple sclerosis patients with larger treatment benefits: A meta-analysis of randomized trials
    • Signori, A., Schiavetti, I., Gallo, F. & Sormani, M. P. Subgroups of multiple sclerosis patients with larger treatment benefits: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Eur. J. Neurol. 22, 960-966 (2015).
    • (2015) Eur. J. Neurol. , vol.22 , pp. 960-966
    • Signori, A.1    Schiavetti, I.2    Gallo, F.3    Sormani, M.P.4
  • 75
    • 84888623258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical impact of early brain atrophy in clinically isolated syndromes
    • Perez-Miralles, F. et al. Clinical impact of early brain atrophy in clinically isolated syndromes. Mult. Scler. 19, 1878-1886 (2013).
    • (2013) Mult. Scler. , vol.19 , pp. 1878-1886
    • Perez-Miralles, F.1
  • 76
    • 0037069230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eight-year follow-up study of brain atrophy in patients with MS
    • Fisher, E. et al. Eight-year follow-up study of brain atrophy in patients with MS. Neurology 59, 1412-1420 (2002).
    • (2002) Neurology , vol.59 , pp. 1412-1420
    • Fisher, E.1
  • 77
    • 84873674310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spinal cord lesions in patients with clinically isolated syndrome: A powerful tool in diagnosis and prognosis
    • Sombekke, M. H. et al. Spinal cord lesions in patients with clinically isolated syndrome: a powerful tool in diagnosis and prognosis. Neurology 80, 69-75 (2013).
    • (2013) Neurology , vol.80 , pp. 69-75
    • Sombekke, M.H.1
  • 78
    • 84883739704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defining and scoring response to IFN-β in multiple sclerosis
    • Sormani, M. P. & De Stefano, N. Defining and scoring response to IFN.β in multiple sclerosis. Nat. Rev. Neurol. 9, 504-512 (2013).
    • (2013) Nat. Rev. Neurol. , vol.9 , pp. 504-512
    • Sormani, M.P.1    De Stefano, N.2
  • 79
    • 84876546564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scoring treatment response in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis
    • Sormani, M. P. et al. Scoring treatment response in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler. 19, 605-612 (2013).
    • (2013) Mult. Scler. , vol.19 , pp. 605-612
    • Sormani, M.P.1
  • 80
    • 84899115698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferon beta failure predicted by EMA criteria or isolated MRI activity in multiple sclerosis
    • Prosperini, L. et al. Interferon beta failure predicted by EMA criteria or isolated MRI activity in multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler. 20, 566-576 (2014).
    • (2014) Mult. Scler. , vol.20 , pp. 566-576
    • Prosperini, L.1
  • 81
    • 84883742251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment optimization in MS: Canadian MS Working Group updated recommendations
    • Freedman, M. S. et al. Treatment optimization in MS: Canadian MS Working Group updated recommendations. Can. J. Neurol. Sci. 40, 307-323 (2013).
    • (2013) Can. J. Neurol. Sci. , vol.40 , pp. 307-323
    • Freedman, M.S.1
  • 82
    • 84921065418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards the implementation of ?eno evidence of disease activity?f in multiple sclerosis treatment: The multiple sclerosis decision model
    • Stangel, M., Penner, I. K., Kallmann, B. A., Lukas, C. & Kieseier, B. C. Towards the implementation of ?eno evidence of disease activity?f in multiple sclerosis treatment: the multiple sclerosis decision model. Ther. Adv. Neurol. Disord. 8, 3-13 (2014).
    • (2014) Ther. Adv. Neurol. Disord. , vol.8 , pp. 3-13
    • Stangel, M.1    Penner, I.K.2    Kallmann, B.A.3    Lukas, C.4    Kieseier, B.C.5
  • 83
    • 0037161237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of action of interferons and glatiramer acetate in multiple sclerosis
    • Dhib-Jalbut, S. Mechanisms of action of interferons and glatiramer acetate in multiple sclerosis. Neurology 58 (8 Suppl. 4), S3.S9 (2002).
    • (2002) Neurology , vol.58 , Issue.8 , pp. S3-S9
    • Dhib-Jalbut, S.1
  • 84
    • 0035091667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European/Canadian multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of the effects of glatiramer acetate on magnetic resonance imaging-measured disease activity and burden in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis. European/Canadian Glatiramer Acetate Study Group
    • Comi, G., Filippi, M. & Wolinsky, J. S. European/Canadian multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of the effects of glatiramer acetate on magnetic resonance imaging.measured disease activity and burden in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis. European/Canadian Glatiramer Acetate Study Group. Ann. Neurol. 49, 290-297 (2001).
    • (2001) Ann. Neurol. , vol.49 , pp. 290-297
    • Comi, G.1    Filippi, M.2    Wolinsky, J.S.3
  • 85
    • 84910112577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating the response to glatiramer acetate in relapsing- remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients
    • Rio, J. et al. Evaluating the response to glatiramer acetate in relapsing.remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients. Mult. Scler. 20, 1602-1608 (2014).
    • (2014) Mult. Scler. , vol.20 , pp. 1602-1608
    • Rio, J.1
  • 86
    • 84890561132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines from the Italian Neurological and Neuroradiological Societies for the use of magnetic resonance imaging in daily life clinical practice of multiple sclerosis patients
    • Filippi, M. et al. Guidelines from the Italian Neurological and Neuroradiological Societies for the use of magnetic resonance imaging in daily life clinical practice of multiple sclerosis patients. Neurol. Sci. 34, 2085-2093 (2013).
    • (2013) Neurol. Sci. , vol.34 , pp. 2085-2093
    • Filippi, M.1
  • 87
    • 0027381828 scopus 로고
    • Gadolinium enhancement increases the sensitivity of MRI in detecting disease activity in multiple sclerosis
    • Miller, D. H., Barkhof, F. & Nauta, J. J. Gadolinium enhancement increases the sensitivity of MRI in detecting disease activity in multiple sclerosis. Brain 116, 1077-1094 (1993).
    • (1993) Brain , vol.116 , pp. 1077-1094
    • Miller, D.H.1    Barkhof, F.2    Nauta, J.J.3
  • 89
    • 84874836307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reliability of classifying multiple sclerosis disease activity using magnetic resonance imaging in a multiple sclerosis clinic
    • Erbayat Altay, E. et al. Reliability of classifying multiple sclerosis disease activity using magnetic resonance imaging in a multiple sclerosis clinic. JAMA Neurol. 70, 338-344 (2013).
    • (2013) JAMA Neurol. , vol.70 , pp. 338-344
    • Erbayat Altay, E.1
  • 90
    • 77950375277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved detection of active multiple sclerosis lesions: 3D subtraction imaging
    • Moraal, B. et al. Improved detection of active multiple sclerosis lesions: 3D subtraction imaging. Radiology 255, 154-163 (2010).
    • (2010) Radiology , vol.255 , pp. 154-163
    • Moraal, B.1
  • 91
    • 77951750526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-interval T2-weighted subtraction magnetic resonance imaging: A powerful new outcome measure in multiple sclerosis trials
    • Moraal, B. et al. Long-interval T2-weighted subtraction magnetic resonance imaging: a powerful new outcome measure in multiple sclerosis trials. Ann. Neurol. 67, 667-675 (2010).
    • (2010) Ann. Neurol. , vol.67 , pp. 667-675
    • Moraal, B.1
  • 92
    • 84900017531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automated identification of brain new lesions in multiple sclerosis using subtraction images
    • Battaglini, M. et al. Automated identification of brain new lesions in multiple sclerosis using subtraction images. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 39, 1543-1549 (2014).
    • (2014) J. Magn. Reson. Imaging , vol.39 , pp. 1543-1549
    • Battaglini, M.1
  • 94
    • 79960344014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natalizumab treatment for multiple sclerosis: Updated recommendations for patient selection and monitoring
    • Kappos, L. et al. Natalizumab treatment for multiple sclerosis: updated recommendations for patient selection and monitoring. Lancet Neurol. 10, 745-758 (2011).
    • (2011) Lancet Neurol. , vol.10 , pp. 745-758
    • Kappos, L.1
  • 95
    • 84871961775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MRI pattern in natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
    • Yousry, T. A. et al. MRI pattern in natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Ann. Neurol. 72, 779-787 (2012).
    • (2012) Ann. Neurol. , vol.72 , pp. 779-787
    • Yousry, T.A.1
  • 96
    • 84888627559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The chameleon of neuroinflammation: Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
    • Wattjes, M. P. et al. The chameleon of neuroinflammation: magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Mult. Scler. 19, 1826-1840 (2013).
    • (2013) Mult. Scler. , vol.19 , pp. 1826-1840
    • Wattjes, M.P.1
  • 97
    • 84900474314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis of natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy using MRI
    • Wattjes, M. P. & Barkhof, F. Diagnosis of natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy using MRI. Curr. Opin. Neurol. 27, 260-270 (2014).
    • (2014) Curr. Opin. Neurol. , vol.27 , pp. 260-270
    • Wattjes, M.P.1    Barkhof, F.2
  • 98
    • 84936977228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MRI pattern in asymptomatic natalizumab-associated PML
    • Wattjes, M. P. et al. MRI pattern in asymptomatic natalizumab-associated PML. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 86, 793-798 (2015).
    • (2015) J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry , vol.86 , pp. 793-798
    • Wattjes, M.P.1
  • 99
    • 84929468055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcome and survival of asymptomatic PML in natalizumab-treated MS patients
    • Dong-Si, T. et al. Outcome and survival of asymptomatic PML in natalizumab-treated MS patients. Ann. Clin. Transl. Neurol. 1, 755-764 (2014).
    • (2014) Ann. Clin. Transl. Neurol. , vol.1 , pp. 755-764
    • Dong-Si, T.1
  • 100
    • 84856724312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk stratification for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients treated with natalizumab
    • Sorensen, P. S. et al. Risk stratification for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients treated with natalizumab. Mult. Scler. 18, 143-152 (2012).
    • (2012) Mult. Scler. , vol.18 , pp. 143-152
    • Sorensen, P.S.1
  • 101
    • 84861022041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
    • Bloomgren, G. et al. Risk of natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. N. Engl. J. Med. 366, 1870-1880 (2012).
    • (2012) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.366 , pp. 1870-1880
    • Bloomgren, G.1
  • 102
    • 84885672676 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes to anti-JCV antibody levels in a Swedish national MS cohort
    • Warnke, C. et al. Changes to anti-JCV antibody levels in a Swedish national MS cohort. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 84, 1199-1205 (2013).
    • (2013) J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry , vol.84 , pp. 1199-1205
    • Warnke, C.1
  • 103
    • 84913555304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-JC virus antibody levels in serum or plasma further define risk of natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
    • Plavina T. et al. Anti-JC virus antibody levels in serum or plasma further define risk of natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Ann. Neurol. 76, 802-812 (2014).
    • (2014) Ann. Neurol. , vol.76 , pp. 802-812
    • Plavina, T.1
  • 104
    • 84873135926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Imaging findings for PML in natalizumab-treated MS patients [oral 99]
    • Richert, N. et al. Imaging findings for PML in natalizumab-treated MS patients [oral 99]. Mult. Scler. 18 (Suppl. 4): 27-28 (2012).
    • (2012) Mult. Scler. , vol.18 , pp. 27-28
    • Richert, N.1
  • 105
    • 84860783795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous PML-IRIS after discontinuation of natalizumab in a patient with MS
    • Gheuens, S. et al. Simultaneous PML-IRIS after discontinuation of natalizumab in a patient with MS. Neurology 78, 1390-1393 (2012).
    • (2012) Neurology , vol.78 , pp. 1390-1393
    • Gheuens, S.1
  • 106
    • 62949120130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy following heightened immunosuppression after lung transplant
    • Waggoner, J., Martinu, T. & Palmer, S. M. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy following heightened immunosuppression after lung transplant. J. Heart Lung Transplant. 28, 395-398 (2009).
    • (2009) J. Heart Lung Transplant. , vol.28 , pp. 395-398
    • Waggoner, J.1    Martinu, T.2    Palmer, S.M.3
  • 107
    • 80052777262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rituximab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in rheumatoid arthritis
    • Clifford, D. B. et al. Rituximab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in rheumatoid arthritis. Arch. Neurol. 68, 1156-1164 (2011).
    • (2011) Arch. Neurol. , vol.68 , pp. 1156-1164
    • Clifford, D.B.1
  • 109
    • 84927155177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PML in a patient with lymphocytopenia treated with dimethyl fumarate
    • Rosenkranz, T., Novas, M. & Terborg, C. PML in a patient with lymphocytopenia treated with dimethyl fumarate. N. Engl. J. Med. 372, 1476-1478 (2015).
    • (2015) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.372 , pp. 1476-1478
    • Rosenkranz, T.1    Novas, M.2    Terborg, C.3
  • 110
    • 84927144781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PML in a patient without severe lymphocytopenia receiving dimethyl fumarate
    • Nieuwkamp, D. J. et al. PML in a patient without severe lymphocytopenia receiving dimethyl fumarate. N. Engl. J. Med. 372, 1474-1476 (2015).
    • (2015) N. Engl. J. Med. , vol.372 , pp. 1474-1476
    • Nieuwkamp, D.J.1
  • 111
    • 84871187559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple sclerosis rebound following herpes zoster infection and suspension of fingolimod
    • Gross, C. M., Baumgartner, A., Rauer, S. & Stich, O. Multiple sclerosis rebound following herpes zoster infection and suspension of fingolimod. Neurology 79, 2006-2007 (2012).
    • (2012) Neurology , vol.79 , pp. 2006-2007
    • Gross, C.M.1    Baumgartner, A.2    Rauer, S.3    Stich, O.4
  • 112
    • 84871255428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Varicella-zoster virus encephalitis and vasculopathy in a patient treated with fingolimod
    • Ratchford, J. N., Costello, K., Reich, D. S. & Calabresi, P. A. Varicella-zoster virus encephalitis and vasculopathy in a patient treated with fingolimod. Neurology 79, 2002-2004 (2012).
    • (2012) Neurology , vol.79 , pp. 2002-2004
    • Ratchford, J.N.1    Costello, K.2    Reich, D.S.3    Calabresi, P.A.4
  • 113
    • 64049116465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemorrhaging focal encephalitis under fingolimod (FTY720) treatment: A case report
    • Leypoldt, F. et al. Hemorrhaging focal encephalitis under fingolimod (FTY720) treatment: a case report. Neurology 72, 1022-1024 (2009).
    • (2009) Neurology , vol.72 , pp. 1022-1024
    • Leypoldt, F.1
  • 114
    • 84921046839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Varicella-zoster virus infections in patients treated with fingolimod: Risk assessment and consensus recommendations for management
    • Arvin, A. M. et al. Varicella-zoster virus infections in patients treated with fingolimod: risk assessment and consensus recommendations for management. JAMA Neurol. 72, 31-39 (2015).
    • (2015) JAMA Neurol. , vol.72 , pp. 31-39
    • Arvin, A.M.1
  • 116
    • 84888238788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumefactive MS lesions under fingolimod: A case report and literature review
    • Pilz, G. et al. Tumefactive MS lesions under fingolimod: a case report and literature review. Neurology 81, 1654-1658 (2013).
    • (2013) Neurology , vol.81 , pp. 1654-1658
    • Pilz, G.1
  • 117
    • 84894102134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy after natalizumab discontinuation
    • Fine, A. J., Sorbello, A., Kortepeter, C. & Scarazzini, L. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy after natalizumab discontinuation. Ann. Neurol. 75, 108-115 (2014).
    • (2014) Ann. Neurol. , vol.75 , pp. 108-115
    • Fine, A.J.1    Sorbello, A.2    Kortepeter, C.3    Scarazzini, L.4
  • 118
    • 84897989231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy after natalizumab discontinuation: Few and true? Ann
    • Wattjes, M. P. & Killestein, J. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy after natalizumab discontinuation: few and true? Ann. Neurol. 75, 462 (2014).
    • (2014) Neurol. , vol.75 , pp. 462
    • Wattjes, M.P.1    Killestein, J.2
  • 119
    • 84932613137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PML-IRIS during fingolimod diagnosed after natalizumab discontinuation
    • Killestein, J. et al. PML-IRIS during fingolimod diagnosed after natalizumab discontinuation. Case Rep. Neurol. Med. 2014, 307872 (2014).
    • (2014) Case Rep. Neurol. Med. , vol.2014 , pp. 307872
    • Killestein, J.1
  • 121
    • 48849116689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grey matter pathology in multiple sclerosis
    • Geurts, J. J. & Barkhof, F. Grey matter pathology in multiple sclerosis. Lancet Neurol. 7, 841-851 (2008).
    • (2008) Lancet Neurol. , vol.7 , pp. 841-851
    • Geurts, J.J.1    Barkhof, F.2
  • 122
    • 79952659344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical pathology and cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis
    • Calabrese, M., Rinaldi, F., Grossi, P. & Gallo, P. Cortical pathology and cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis. Expert Rev. Neurother. 11, 425-432 (2011).
    • (2011) Expert Rev. Neurother. , vol.11 , pp. 425-432
    • Calabrese, M.1    Rinaldi, F.2    Grossi, P.3    Gallo, P.4
  • 123
    • 84867712909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cortical lesion load associates with progression of disability in multiple sclerosis
    • Calabrese, M. et al. Cortical lesion load associates with progression of disability in multiple sclerosis. Brain 135, 2952-2961 (2012).
    • (2012) Brain , vol.135 , pp. 2952-2961
    • Calabrese, M.1
  • 124
    • 84927645166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The grey matter correlates of impaired decision-making in multiple sclerosis
    • Muhlert, N. et al. The grey matter correlates of impaired decision-making in multiple sclerosis. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 86, 530-536 (2015).
    • (2015) J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry , vol.86 , pp. 530-536
    • Muhlert, N.1
  • 125
    • 66149183024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accumulation of cortical lesions in MS: Relation with cognitive impairment
    • Roosendaal, S. D. et al. Accumulation of cortical lesions in MS: relation with cognitive impairment. Mult. Scler. 15, 708-714 (2009).
    • (2009) Mult. Scler. , vol.15 , pp. 708-714
    • Roosendaal, S.D.1
  • 126
    • 84860388852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracortical lesions by 3 T magnetic resonance imaging and correlation with cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis
    • Nelson, F. et al. Intracortical lesions by 3 T magnetic resonance imaging and correlation with cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis. Mult. Scler. 17, 1122-1129 (2011).
    • (2011) Mult. Scler. , vol.17 , pp. 1122-1129
    • Nelson, F.1
  • 127
    • 77954819068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved in vivo detection of cortical lesions in multiple sclerosis using double inversion recovery MR imaging at 3 Tesla
    • Simon, B. et al. Improved in vivo detection of cortical lesions in multiple sclerosis using double inversion recovery MR imaging at 3 Tesla. Eur. Radiol. 20, 1675-1683 (2010).
    • (2010) Eur. Radiol. , vol.20 , pp. 1675-1683
    • Simon, B.1
  • 128
    • 84864819509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved detection of cortical MS lesions with phase-sensitive inversion recovery MRI
    • Sethi, V. et al., Improved detection of cortical MS lesions with phase-sensitive inversion recovery MRI. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 83, 877-882 (2012).
    • (2012) J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry , vol.83 , pp. 877-882
    • Sethi, V.1
  • 129
    • 79951483580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consensus recommendations for MS cortical lesion scoring using double inversion recovery MRI
    • Geurts, J. J. et al. Consensus recommendations for MS cortical lesion scoring using double inversion recovery MRI. Neurology 76, 418-424 (2011).
    • (2011) Neurology , vol.76 , pp. 418-424
    • Geurts, J.J.1
  • 130
    • 84922290170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mean upper cervical cord area (MUCCA) measurement in long-standing multiple sclerosis: Relation to brain findings and clinical disability
    • Daams, M. et al. Mean upper cervical cord area (MUCCA) measurement in long-standing multiple sclerosis: relation to brain findings and clinical disability. Mult. Scler. 20, 1860-1865 (2014).
    • (2014) Mult. Scler. , vol.20 , pp. 1860-1865
    • Daams, M.1
  • 131
    • 84891836457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultra-high-field MR imaging in multiple sclerosis
    • Filippi, M. et al. Ultra-high-field MR imaging in multiple sclerosis. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 85, 60-66 (2014).
    • (2014) J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry , vol.85 , pp. 60-66
    • Filippi, M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.