Trends in tracheostomy for mechanically ventilated patients in the United States, 1993-2012

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

Volumn 192, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 446-454

  Mehta, Anuj B ^a   Syeda, Sohera N ^a,b   Bajpayee, Lisa ^a   Cooke, Colin R ^c   Walkey, Allan J ^a   Wiener, Renda Soylemez ^a,d  

^a BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^b VA BOSTON HEALTHCARE SYSTEM   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^d VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Epidemiology; Mechanical ventilation; Tracheostomy; United States

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; ARTIFICIAL VENTILATION; FEMALE; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; LENGTH OF STAY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TRACHEOSTOMY; TREND STUDY; UNITED STATES; VERY ELDERLY; MIDDLE AGED; PATIENT SELECTION; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; TIME; UTILIZATION;

ADULT; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; FEMALE; HOSPITAL MORTALITY; HUMANS; LENGTH OF STAY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT (HEALTH CARE); PATIENT SELECTION; RESPIRATION, ARTIFICIAL; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; TIME FACTORS; TRACHEOSTOMY; UNITED STATES;

EID: 84942540448     PISSN: 1073449X     EISSN: 15354970     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201502-0239OC     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Wunsch H, Linde-Zwirble WT, Angus DC, Hartman ME, Milbrandt EB, Kahn JM. The epidemiology of mechanical ventilation use in the United States. Crit Care Med 2010;38:1947-1953.
2. Lam S, Ridley S. Critically ill medical patients, their demographics and outcome. Anaesthesia 1999;54:845-852.
3. Stefan MS, Shieh MS, Pekow PS, Rothberg MB, Steingrub JS, Lagu T, Lindenauer PK. Epidemiology and outcomes of acute respiratory failure in the United States, 2001 to 2009: a national survey. J Hosp Med 2013;8:76-82.
4. Needham DM, Bronskill SE, Calinawan JR, Sibbald WJ, Pronovost PJ, Laupacis A. Projected incidence of mechanical ventilation in Ontario to 2026: preparing for the aging baby boomers. Crit Care Med 2005;33:574-579.
5. Carson SS, Bach PB. The epidemiology and costs of chronic critical illness. Crit Care Clin 2002;18:461-476.
6. Cox CE, Carson SS, Govert JA, Chelluri L, Sanders GD. An economic evaluation of prolonged mechanical ventilation. Crit Care Med 2007;35:1918-1927.
7. Engoren M, Arslanian-Engoren C, Fenn-Buderer N. Hospital and long-term outcome after tracheostomy for respiratory failure. Chest 2004;125:220-227.
8. Unroe M, Kahn JM, Carson SS, Govert JA, Martinu T, Sathy SJ, Clay AS, Chia J, Gray A, Tulsky JA, et al. One-year trajectories of care and resource utilization for recipients of prolonged mechanical ventilation: a cohort study. Ann Intern Med 2010;153:167-175.
9. Cox CE, Carson SS, Holmes GM, Howard A, Carey TS. Increase in tracheostomy for prolonged mechanical ventilation in North Carolina, 1993-2002. Crit Care Med 2004;32:2219-2226.
10. Angus DC. When should a mechanically ventilated patient undergo tracheostomy? JAMA 2013;309:2163-2164.
11. Blot F, Guiguet M, Antoun S, Leclercq B, Nitenberg G, Escudier B. Early tracheotomy in neutropenic, mechanically ventilated patients: rationale and results of a pilot study. Support Care Cancer 1995;3:291-296.
12. Rumbak MJ, Newton M, Truncale T, Schwartz SW, Adams JW, Hazard PB. A prospective, randomized, study comparing early percutaneous dilational tracheotomy to prolonged translaryngeal intubation (delayed tracheotomy) in critically ill medical patients. Crit Care Med 2004;32:1689-1694.
13. Terragni PP, Antonelli M, Fumagalli R, Faggiano C, Berardino M, Pallavicini FB, Miletto A, Mangione S, Sinardi AU, Pastorelli M, et al. Early vs late tracheotomy for prevention of pneumonia in mechanically ventilated adult ICU patients: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2010;303:1483-1489.
14. Trouillet JL, Luyt CE, Guiguet M, Ouattara A, Vaissier E, Makri R, Nieszkowska A, Leprince P, Pavie A, Chastre J, et al. Early percutaneous tracheotomy versus prolonged intubation of mechanically ventilated patients after cardiac surgery: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2011;154:373-383.
15. Zheng Y, Sui F, Chen XK, Zhang GC, Wang XW, Zhao S, Song Y, Liu W, Xin X, Li WX. Early versus late percutaneous dilational tracheostomy in critically ill patients anticipated requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation. Chin Med J (Engl) 2012;125:1925-1930.
16. Young D, Harrison DA, Cuthbertson BH, Rowan K; TracMan Collaborators. Effect of early vs late tracheostomy placement on survival in patients receiving mechanical ventilation: the TracMan randomized trial. JAMA 2013;309:2121-2129.
17. Nieszkowska A, Combes A, Luyt CE, Ksibi H, Trouillet JL, Gibert C, Chastre J. Impact of tracheotomy on sedative administration, sedation level, and comfort of mechanically ventilated intensive care unit patients. Crit Care Med 2005;33:2527-2533.
18. Clum SR, Rumbak MJ. Mobilizing the patient in the intensive care unit: the role of early tracheotomy. Crit Care Clin 2007;23:71-79.
19. Diehl JL, El Atrous S, Touchard D, Lemaire F, Brochard L. Changes in the work of breathing induced by tracheotomy in ventilator-dependent patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999;159:383-388.
20. Kahn JM, Benson NM, Appleby D, Carson SS, Iwashyna TJ. Long-term acute care hospital utilization after critical illness. JAMA 2010;303:2253-2259.
21. Syeda SN, Wiener RS. National trends in the utilization of tracheostomy among United States adults, 1997-2008 [abstract]. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2011;183:A2594.
22. Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Overview of the National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample (NIS) [accessed 2014 Dec 18]. Available from: http://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/nisoverview.jsp
23. Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Procedure Classes 2015 [accessed 2014 Dec 18]. Available from: http://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/toolssoftware/procedure/procedure.jsp
24. Walkey AJ, Wiener RS. Use of noninvasive ventilation in patients with acute respiratory failure, 2000-2009: a population-based study. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2013;10:10-17.
25. United States Census Bureau. Population estimates [accessed 2014 Dec 18]. Available from: http://www.census.gov/popest/data/historical/index.html
26. Kim HJ, Fay MP, Feuer EJ, Midthune DN. Permutation tests for Joinpoint regression with applications to cancer rates. Stat Med 2000;19:335-351.
27. Statistical Methodology and Applications Branch, Surveillance Research Program, National Cancer Institute. Joinpoint Regression Program, Version 4.1.1.1. Available from: http://surveillance.cancer.gov/joinpoint/
28. Angus DC, Linde-Zwirble WT, Lidicker J, Clermont G, Carcillo J, Pinsky MR. Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: analysis of incidence, outcome, and associated costs of care. Crit Care Med 2001;29:1303-1310.
29. Elixhauser A, Steiner C, Harris DR, Coffey RM. Comorbidity measures for use with administrative data. Med Care 1998;36:8-27.
30. Quan H, Sundararajan V, Halfon P, Fong A, Burnand B, Luthi JC, Saunders LD, Beck CA, Feasby TE, Ghali WA. Coding algorithms for defining comorbidities in ICD-9-CM and ICD-10 administrative data. Med Care 2005;43:1130-1139.
31. Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Hospital Compare. 30-day unplanned readmission and death measures [accessed 2014 Dec 30]. Available from: http://www.medicare.gov/hospitalcompare/Data/30-day-measures.html
32. Esteban A, Anzueto A, Alía I, Gordo F, Apezteguía C, Pálizas F, Cide D, Goldwaser R, Soto L, Bugedo G, et al. How is mechanical ventilation employed in the intensive care unit? An international utilization review. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000;161:1450-1458.
33. Freeman BD, Isabella K, Lin N, Buchman TG. A meta-analysis of prospective trials comparing percutaneous and surgical tracheostomy in critically ill patients. Chest 2000;118:1412-1418.
34. Alali AS, Scales DC, Fowler RA, Mainprize TG, Ray JG, Kiss A, de Mestral C, Nathens AB. Tracheostomy timing in traumatic brain injury: a propensity-matched cohort study. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2014;76:70-76; discussion 76-78.
35. Arabi Y, Haddad S, Shirawi N, Al Shimemeri A. Early tracheostomy in intensive care trauma patients improves resource utilization: a cohort study and literature review. Crit Care 2004;8:R347-R352.
36. Gomes Silva BN, Andriolo RB, Saconato H, Atallah AN, Valente O. Early versus late tracheostomy for critically ill patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012;3:CD007271.
37. Huang H, Li Y, Ariani F, Chen X, Lin J. Timing of tracheostomy in critically ill patients: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2014;9:e92981.
38. Liu CC, Livingstone D, Dixon E, Dort JC. Early versus late tracheostomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2015;152:219-227.
39. Silveira MJ, Wiitala W, Piette J. Advance directive completion by elderly Americans: a decade of change. J Am Geriatr Soc 2014;62:706-710.
40. Kahn JM, Werner RM, David G, Ten Have TR, Benson NM, Asch DA. Effectiveness of long-term acute care hospitalization in elderly patients with chronic critical illness. Med Care 2013;51:4-10.
41. Nelson JE, Cox CE, Hope AA, Carson SS. Chronic critical illness. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2010;182:446-454.
42. Girard TD, Kress JP, Fuchs BD, Thomason JW, Schweickert WD, Pun BT, Taichman DB, Dunn JG, Pohlman AS, Kinniry PA, et al. Efficacy and safety of a paired sedation and ventilator weaning protocol for mechanically ventilated patients in intensive care (Awakening and Breathing Controlled trial): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2008;371:126-134.
43. Hanchate A, Kronman AC, Young-Xu Y, Ash AS, Emanuel E. Racial and ethnic differences in end-of-life costs: why do minorities cost more than whites? Arch Intern Med 2009;169:493-501.
44. Barnato AE, Anthony DL, Skinner J, Gallagher PM, Fisher ES. Racial and ethnic differences in preferences for end-of-life treatment. JGen Intern Med 2009;24:695-701.
45. Muni S, Engelberg RA, Treece PD, Dotolo D, Curtis JR. The influence of race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status on end-of-life care in the ICU. Chest 2011;139:1025-1033.
46. Dewar DM, Kurek CJ, Lambrinos J, Cohen IL, Zhong Y. Patterns in costs and outcomes for patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation undergoing tracheostomy: an analysis of discharges under diagnosis-related group 483 in New York State from 1992 to 1996. Crit Care Med 1999;27:2640-2647.
47. Lane-Fall MB, Iwashyna TJ, Cooke CR, Benson NM, Kahn JM. Insurance and racial differences in long-term acute care utilization after critical illness. Crit Care Med 2012;40:1143-1149.
48. Hall WB, Willis LE, Medvedev S, Carson SS. The implications of long-term acute care hospital transfer practices for measures of in-hospital mortality and length of stay. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2012;185:53-57.
49. RAND Corporation. Evaluations of severity-adjusted DRG systems: report WR-434-CMS [accessed 2014 Aug 21]. Available from: www.rand.org/pubs/working-papers/WR434/
50. Quan H, Parsons GA, Ghali WA. Validity of procedure codes in International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision, clinical modification administrative data. Med Care 2004;42:801-809.