Exciton spin dynamics in GaSe

Journal of Applied Physics

Volumn 118, Issue 11, 2015, Pages

  Tang, Yanhao ^a   Xie, Wei ^a   Mandal, Krishna C ^b   McGuire, John A ^a   Lai, Chih Wei ^a  

^a MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b The Department of Mechanical Engineering   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CIRCULAR POLARIZATION; EXCITONS; OPTICAL PUMPING; RATE CONSTANTS;

BIEXPONENTIAL DECAY; CIRCULARLY POLARIZED; EXCITON SPIN DYNAMICS; EXCITON SPIN RELAXATION; NON EQUILIBRIUM; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE MEASUREMENTS; RATE-EQUATION MODELS; SPIN-RELAXATION RATES;

SPIN DYNAMICS;

EID: 84942436887     PISSN: 00218979     EISSN: 10897550     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1063/1.4930809     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. M. I. D'yakonov and V. I. Perel', " Theory of optical spin orientation of electrons and nuclei in semiconductors," in Optical Orientation, Modern Problems in Condensed Matter Sciences, Vol. 8 (Elsevier, 1984), pp. 11-72.
2. Spin Physics in Semiconductors, Springer Series in Solid-State Science, Vol. 157, edited by M. I. Dyakonov (Springer, 2008).
3. G. E. Pikus and A. N. Titkov, " Spin relaxation under optical orientation in semiconductors," in Optical Orientation (Elsevier, 1984), Vol. 8, pp. 73-131.
4. M. W. Wu, J. H. Jiang, and M. Q. Weng, " Spin dynamics in semiconductors," Phys. Rep. 493, 61-236 (2010). 10.1016/j.physrep.2010.04.002
5. I. Utić, J. Fabian, and S. Das Sarma, " Spintronics: Fundamentals and applications," Rev. Mod. Phys. 76, 323-410 (2004). 10.1103/RevModPhys.76.323
6. D. D. Awschalom, L. C. Bassett, A. S. Dzurak, E. L. Hu, and J. R. Petta, " Quantum spintronics: Engineering and manipulating atom-like spins in semiconductors," Science 339, 1174-1179 (2013). 10.1126/science.1231364
7. J. M. Kikkawa, I. P. Smorchkova, N. Samarth, and D. D. Awschalom, " Room-temperature spin memory in two-dimensional electron gases," Science 277, 1284-1287 (1997). 10.1126/science.277.5330.1284
8. Y. Ohno, R. Terauchi, T. Adachi, F. Matsukura, and H. Ohno, " Spin relaxation in GaAs(110) quantum wells," Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 4196-4199 (1999). 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.4196
9. M. Kohl, M. R. Freeman, D. D. Awschalom, and J. M. Hong, " Femtosecond spectroscopy of carrier-spin relaxation in GaAs-AlxGa1-xAs quantum wells," Phys. Rev. B 44, 5923 (1991). 10.1103/PhysRevB.44.5923
10. T. Amand, B. Dareys, B. Baylac, X. Marie, J. Barrau, M. Brousseau, D. J. Dunstan, and R. Planel, " Exciton formation and hole-spin relaxation in intrinsic quantum wells," Phys. Rev. B 50, 11624-11628 (1994). 10.1103/PhysRevB.50.11624
11. S. Pfalz, R. Winkler, T. Nowitzki, D. Reuter, A. D. Wieck, D. Hägele, and M. Oestreich, " Optical orientation of electron spins in GaAs quantum wells," Phys. Rev. B 71, 165305 (2005). 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.165305
12. Y. Tang, W. Xie, K. C. Mandal, J. A. McGuire, and C. W. Lai, " Optical and spin polarization dynamics in GaSe nanoslabs," Phys. Rev. B 91, 195429 (2015). 10.1103/PhysRevB.91.195429
13. E. M. Gamarts, E. L. Ivchenko, M. I. Karaman, V. P. Mushinskii, G. E. Pikus, B. S. Razbirin, and A. N. Starukhin, " Optical orientation and alignment of free excitons in GaSe during resonance excitation: Experiment," Sov. Phys. JETP 46, 590 (1977).
14. E. L. Ivchenko, G. E. Pikus, B. S. Razbirin, and A. I. Starukhin, " Optical orientation and alignment of free excitons in GaSe under resonant excitation: Theory," Sov. Phys. JETP 45, 1172-1180 (1977).
15. D. T. Do, S. D. Mahanti, and C. W. Lai, " Spin splitting in 2D monochalcogenide semiconductors," Sci. Rep., e-print arXiv:1504.00725.
16. J. L. Brebner and E. Mooser, " Excitons in GaSe polytypes," Phys. Lett. A 24, 274-275 (1967). 10.1016/0375-9601(67)90433-1
17. E. Aulich, J. L. L. Brebner, and E. Mooser, " Indirect energy gap in GaSe and GaS," Phys. Status Solidi B 31, 129-131 (1969). 10.1002/pssb.19690310115
18. A. Mercier, E. Mooser, and J. P. Voitchovsky, " Near edge optical absorption and luminescence of GaSe, GaS and of mixed crystals," J. Lumin. 7, 241-266 (1973). 10.1016/0022-2313(73)90070-7
19. E. Mooser and M. Schlüter, " The band-gap excitons in gallium selenide," Nuovo Cimento B 18, 164-208 (1973).
20. M. Schlüter, J. Camassel, S. Kohn, J. P. Voitchovsky, Y. R. Shen, and M. L. Cohen, " Optical properties of GaSe and GaSxSe1-x mixed crystals," Phys. Rev. B 13, 3534-3547 (1976). 10.1103/PhysRevB.13.3534
21. R. Le Toullec, N. Piccioli, M. Mejatty, and M. Balkanski, " Optical constants of GaSe," Nuovo Cimento B 38, 159-167 (1977); 10.1007/BF02723483
22. R. Le Toullec, N. Piccioli, and J. C. Chervin, " Optical properties of the band-edge exciton in GaSe crystals at 10 K," Phys. Rev. B 22, 6162 (1980). 10.1103/PhysRevB.22.6162
23. Y. Sasaki and Y. Nishina, " Photoluminescence studies of indirect bound excitons in GaSe," Phys. Rev. B 23, 4089-4096 (1981). 10.1103/PhysRevB.23.4089
24. V. Capozzi, L. Pavesi, and J. L. Staehli, " Exciton-carrier scattering in gallium selenide," Phys. Rev. B 47, 6340-6349 (1993). 10.1103/PhysRevB.47.6340
25. Y. Sasaki, C. Hamaguchi, and J. Nakai, " Electroreflectance of GaSe. I. Around 3.4 eV," J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 38, 162-168 (1975). 10.1143/JPSJ.38.162
26. Y. Sasaki, C. Hamaguchi, and J. Nakai, " Electroreflectance of GaSe. II. 3.5-4.1 eV region," J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 38, 169-174 (1975). 10.1143/JPSJ.38.169
27. K. C. Mandal, A. Mertiri, G. W. Pabst, R. G. Roy, Y. Cui, P. Battacharya, M. Groza, A. Burger, A. M. Conway, and R. J. Nikolic, " Layered III-VI chalcogenide semiconductor crystals for radiation detectors," Proc. SPIE 7079, 70790O (2008). 10.1117/12.796235
28. L. Pavesi, J. L. Staehli, and V. Capozzi, " Mott transition of the excitons in GaSe," Phys. Rev. B 39, 10982-10994 (1989); 10.1103/PhysRevB.39.10982
29. N. Piccioli, R. Le Toullec, M. Mejatty, and M. Balkanski, " Refractive index of GaSe between 0.45 μ m and 330 μ m," Appl. Opt. 16, 1236-1238 (1977); 10.1364/AO.16.001236
30. S. Adachi and Y. Shindo, " Optical constants of GaSe," J. Appl. Phys. 71, 428-431 (1992). 10.1063/1.351362
31. Y. Tang, W. Xie, K. C. Mandal, J. A. McGuire, and C. W. Lai, " Linearly polarized remote-edge luminescence in GaSe nanoslabs," Phys. Rev. Appl., e-print arXiv:1502.06070.
32. J. M. Luttinger and W. Kohn, " Motion of electrons and holes in perturbed periodic fields," Phys. Rev. 97, 869 (1955). 10.1103/PhysRev.97.869
33. E. O. Kane, " Band structure of indium antimonide," J. Phys. Chem. Solids 1, 249-261 (1957). 10.1016/0022-3697(57)90013-6
34. G. Fishman and G. Lampel, " Spin relaxation of photoelectrons in p-type gallium arsenide," Phys. Rev. B 16, 820 (1977). 10.1103/PhysRevB.16.820
35. K. Zerrouati, F. Fabre, G. Bacquet, J. Bandet, J. Frandon, G. Lampel, and D. Paget, " Spin-lattice relaxation in p-type gallium arsenide single crystals," Phys. Rev. B 37, 1334-1341 (1988). 10.1103/PhysRevB.37.1334
36. D. J. Hilton and C. L. Tang, " Optical orientation and femtosecond relaxation of spin-polarized holes in GaAs," Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 146601 (2002). 10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.146601
37. Z. G. Yu, S. Krishnamurthy, M. van Schilfgaarde, and N. Newman, " Spin relaxation of electrons and holes in zinc-blende semiconductors," Phys. Rev. B 71, 245312 (2005). 10.1103/PhysRevB.71.245312
38. K. Shen and M. W. Wu, " Hole spin relaxation in intrinsic and p -type bulk GaAs," Phys. Rev. B 82, 115205 (2010). 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.115205
39. T. Amand and X. Marie, " Exciton spin dynamics in semiconductor quantum wells," in Spin Physics in Semiconductors, edited by M. I. D'yakonov (Springer, 2008), pp. 55-89.
40. P. Boross, B. Dóra, A. Kiss, and F. Simon, " A unified theory of spin-relaxation due to spin-orbit coupling in metals and semiconductors," Sci. Rep. 3, 3233 (2013). 10.1038/srep03233
41. M. I. D'yakonov and V. I. Perel', " Spin orientation of electrons associated with the interband absorption of light in semiconductors," Sov. Phys. JETP 33, 1053 (1971).
42. M. I. D'yakonov and V. I. Perel', " Spin relaxation of conduction electrons in noncentrosymmetric semiconductors," Sov. Phys. Solid State 13, 3023-3026 (1972).
43. R. J. Elliott, " Theory of the effect of spin-orbit coupling on magnetic resonance in some semiconductors," Phys. Rev. 96, 266-279 (1954). 10.1103/PhysRev.96.266
44. Y. Yafet, " g factors and spin-lattice relaxation of conduction electrons," in Solid State Physics, Solid State Physics, Vol. 14 (Academic Press, 1963), pp. 1-98.
45. G. L. Bir and G. E. Pikus, " Optical orientation of excitons in uniaxial crystals. Large exchange splitting," Sov. Phys. JETP 37, 1116 (1973).
46. G. E. Pikus and G. L. Bir, " Optical orientation of excitons in cubic crystals," Sov. Phys. JETP 40, 390-395 (1974).
47. G. L. Bir, A. G. Aronov, and G. E. Pikus, " Spin relaxation of electrons due to scattering by holes," Sov. Phys. JETP 42, 705-712 (1975).
48. A. G. Aronov, G. E. Pikus, and A. N. Titkov, " Spin relaxation of conduction electrons in p-type Ill-V compounds," Sov. Phys. JETP 57, 680 (1983).
49. S. Nüsse, P. Haring Bolivar, H. Kurz, V. Klimov, and F. Levy, " Carrier cooling and exciton formation in GaSe," Phys. Rev. B 56, 4578-4583 (1997). 10.1103/PhysRevB.56.4578
50. T. C. Damen, L. Viña, J. E. Cunningham, J. Shah, and L. J. Sham, " Subpicosecond spin relaxation dynamics of excitons and free carriers in GaAs quantum wells," Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 3432-3435 (1991). 10.1103/PhysRevLett.67.3432
51. L. J. Sham, " Spin relaxation in semiconductor quantum wells," J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 5, A51 (1993). 10.1088/0953-8984/5/33A/005
52. M. Z. Maialle, E. A. de Andrada e Silva, and L. J. Sham, " Exciton spin dynamics in quantum wells," Phys. Rev. B 47, 15776-15788 (1993). 10.1103/PhysRevB.47.15776
53. A. Vinattieri, J. Shah, T. C. Damen, D. S. Kim, L. N. Pfeiffer, M. Z. Maialle, and L. J. Sham, " Exciton dynamics in GaAs quantum wells under resonant excitation," Phys. Rev. B 50, 10868 (1994). 10.1103/PhysRevB.50.10868
54. H. Wang, J. Shah, T. C. Damen, and L. N. Pfeiffer, " Spontaneous emission of excitons in GaAs quantum wells: The role of momentum scattering," Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 3065-3068 (1995). 10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.3065
55. L. Muñoz, E. Pérez, L. Viña, and K. Ploog, " Spin relaxation in intrinsic GaAs quantum wells: Influence of excitonic localization," Phys. Rev. B 51, 4247-4257 (1995). 10.1103/PhysRevB.51.4247
56. B. Baylac, T. Amand, M. Brousseau, X. Marie, B. Dareys, G. Bacquet, J. Barrau, and R. Planel, " Exciton spin relaxation in the 2D dense excitonic phase: The role of exchange interaction," Semicon. Sci. Technol. 10, 295 (1995). 10.1088/0268-1242/10/3/010
57. E. L. Ivchenko, " Spectroscopy of spin-polarized excitons in semiconductors," Pure Appl. Chem. 67, 463-472 (1995). 10.1351/pac199567030463
58. T. Amand, D. Robart, X. Marie, M. Brousseau, P. Le Jeune, and J. Barrau, " Spin relaxation in polarized interacting exciton gas in quantum wells," Phys. Rev. B 55, 9880 (1997). 10.1103/PhysRevB.55.9880
59. P. Le Jeune, X. Marie, T. Amand, F. Romstad, F. Perez, J. Barrau, and M. Brousseau, " Spin-dependent exciton-exciton interactions in quantum wells," Phys. Rev. B 58, 4853-4859 (1998). 10.1103/PhysRevB.58.4853
60. L. Viña, " Spin relaxation in low-dimensional systems," J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 11, 5929 (1999). 10.1088/0953-8984/11/31/304
61. J. Feldmann, G. Peter, E. O. Göbel, P. Dawson, K. Moore, C. Foxon, and R. J. Elliott, " Linewidth dependence of radiative exciton lifetimes in quantum wells," Phys. Rev. Lett. 59, 2337-2340 (1987). 10.1103/PhysRevLett.59.2337
62. V. Srinivas, J. Hryniewicz, Y. J. Chen, and C. E. C. Wood, " Intrinsic linewidths and radiative lifetimes of free excitons in GaAs quantum wells," Phys. Rev. B 46, 10193-10196 (1992). 10.1103/PhysRevB.46.10193
63. D. S. Citrin, " Radiative lifetimes of excitons in quantum wells: Localization and phase-coherence effects," Phys. Rev. B 47, 3832-3841 (1993). 10.1103/PhysRevB.47.3832
64. J. Aaviksoo, " Time-resolved studies of excitonic polaritons," J. Lumin. 48-49, 57-66 (1991). 10.1016/0022-2313(91)90076-8
65. I. Kuznetsova, T. Meier, S. T. Cundiff, and P. Thomas, " Determination of homogeneous and inhomogeneous broadening in semiconductor nanostructures by two-dimensional Fourier-transform optical spectroscopy," Phys. Rev. B 76, 153301 (2007). 10.1103/PhysRevB.76.153301
66. P. Dey, J. Paul, G. Moody, C. E. Stevens, N. Glikin, Z. D. Kovalyuk, Z. R. Kudrynskyi, A. H. Romero, A. Cantarero, D. J. Hilton, and D. Karaiskaj, " Biexciton formation and exciton coherent coupling in layered GaSe," J. Chem. Phys. 142, 212422 (2015). 10.1063/1.4917169