From brain synapses to systems for learning and memory: Object recognition, spatial navigation, timed conditioning, and movement control

Brain Research

Volumn 1621, Issue , 2015, Pages 270-293

  Grossberg, Stephen ^a  

^a Boston University   (United States)

Author keywords

3D vision; Adaptive resonance theory; Adaptively controlled conditioning; Attention; Autism; Category learning; Cognitive working memory; Eye movement; Grid cell; Laminar cortical circuits; Learning; Medial temporal amnesia; Memory; mGluR; Place cell; Predictive remapping; Spatial navigation; Speech perception; Time cell

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCHOLINE;

ALERTNESS; AMNESIA; ARTICLE; ATTENTION; AUTISM; BRAIN CORTEX; CONDITIONING; HABITUATION; HUMAN; LEARNING; LONG TERM DEPRESSION; LONG TERM MEMORY; LONG TERM POTENTIATION; MEMORY; MEMORY CONSOLIDATION; MOVEMENT (PHYSIOLOGY); NERVE CELL PLASTICITY; NEUROPHYSIOLOGY; NONHUMAN; OSCILLATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RECOGNITION; SHORT TERM MEMORY; SPATIAL ORIENTATION; SYNAPSE; ANIMAL; BIOLOGICAL MODEL; BRAIN; CONSCIOUSNESS; MOTOR ACTIVITY; PHYSIOLOGY; VISION;

ANIMALS; ATTENTION; BRAIN; CONSCIOUSNESS; HUMANS; LEARNING; MEMORY; MODELS, NEUROLOGICAL; MOTOR ACTIVITY; NEURONAL PLASTICITY; RECOGNITION (PSYCHOLOGY); SPATIAL NAVIGATION; SYNAPSES; VISUAL PERCEPTION;

EID: 84941599488     PISSN: 00068993     EISSN: 18726240     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.11.018     Document Type: Article

References (200)

1. L.F. Abbott, K. Varela, K. Sen, and S.B. Nelson Synaptic depression and cortical gain control Science 275 1997 220 223
2. Amis, G., Carpenter, G.A., Ersoy, B., Grossberg, S., 2014. Cortical Learning of Recognition Categories: Towards Resolving the Exemplar vs. Prototype Debate. Submitted for publication.
3. R.A. Andersen, G.K. Essick, and R.M. Siegel Encoding of spatial location by posterior parietal neurons Science 230 1985 456 458
4. R.A. Andersen, and V.B. Mountcastle The influence of the angle of gaze upon the excitability of the light-sensitive neurons of the posterior parietal cortex J. Neurosci. 3 1983 532 548
5. A. Artola, and W. Singer Long-term potentiation and NMDA receptors in rat visual cortex Nature 330 1987 649 652
6. A. Artola, and W. Singer Long-term depression of excitatory synaptic transmission and its relationship to long-term potentiation Trends Neurosci. 16 1993 480 487
7. M. Bar, R.B.H. Tootell, D.L. Schacter, D.N. Greve, B. Fischl, J.D. Mendola, B.R. Rosen, and A.M. Dale Cortical mechanisms specific to explicit object recognition Neuron 29 2001 529 535
8. O. Ben-Shahar, and S. Zucker Sensitivity to curvatures in orientation-based texture segmentation Vis. Res. 44 2004 257 277
9. J.D. Berke, V. Hetrick, J. Breck, and R.W. Green Transient 23- to 30-Hz oscillations in mouse hippocampus during exploration of novel environments Hippocampus 18 2008 519 529
10. R. Bhatt, G. Carpenter, and S. Grossberg Texture segregation by visual cortex: perceptual grouping, attention, and learning Vis. Res. 47 2007 3173 3211
11. T.V.P. Bliss, and T. Lomo Long-lasting potentiation of synaptic transmission in the dentate area of the anaesthetized rabbit following stimulation of the perforant path J. Physiol. (London) 232 1973 331 356
12. T.V.P. Bliss, and A.R. Gardner-Medwin Long-lasting potentiation of synaptic transmission in the dentate area of the unanaesthetized rabbit following stimulation of the perforant path J. Physiol. (London) 232 1973 357 374
13. J. Brown, D. Bullock, and S. Grossberg How the basal ganglia use parallel excitatory and inhibitory learning pathways to selectively respond to unexpected rewarding cues J. Neurosci. 19 1999 10502 10511
14. J.W. Brown, D. Bullock, and S. Grossberg How laminar frontal cortex and basal ganglia circuits interact to control planned and reactive saccades Neural Networks 17 2004 471 510
15. N. Brunel Dynamics and plasticity of stimulus selective persistent activity in cortical network models Cerebral Cortex 13 2003 1151 1161
16. E.A. Buffalo, P. Fries, R. Landman, T.J. Buschman, and R. Desimone Laminar differences in gamma and alpha coherence in the ventral stream Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108 2011 11262 11267
17. D. Bullock, P. Cisek, and S. Grossberg Cortical networks for control of voluntary arm movements under variable force conditions Cerebral Cortex 8 1998 48 62
18. D. Bullock, and S. Grossberg Neural dynamics of planned arm movements: emergent invariants and speed-accuracy properties during trajectory formation Psychol. Rev. 95 1988 49 90
19. D. Bullock, S. Grossberg, and F.H. Guenther A self-organizing neural model of motor equivalent reaching and tool use by a multijoint arm J. Cogn. Neurosci. 5 1993 408 435
20. T.J. Buschman, and E.K. Miller Serial, covert shifts of attention during visual search are reflected by the frontal eye fields and correlated with population oscillations Neuron 63 2009 386 396
21. R.J. Cabelli, A. Hohn, and C.J. Shatz Inhibition of ocular dominance column formation by infusion of NT-4/5 or BDNF Science 267 1995 1662 1666
22. R.J. Cabelli, D.L. Shelton, R.A. Segal, and C.J. Shatz Blockade of endogenous ligands of trkB inhibits formation of ocular dominance columns Neuron 19 1997 63 76
23. R. Cabeza, E. Ciaramelli, I.R. Olson, and M. Moscovitch The parietal cortex and episodic memory: an attentional account Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 9 2008 613 625
24. Y. Cao, and S. Grossberg A laminar cortical model of stereopsis and 3D surface perception: closure and da Vinci stereopsis Spat. Vis. 18 2005 515 578
25. Y. Cao, and S. Grossberg Stereopsis and 3D surface perception by spiking neurons in laminar cortical circuits: a method of converting neural rate models into spiking models Neural Networks 26 2012 75 98
26. Y. Cao, S. Grossberg, and J. Markowitz How does the brain rapidly learn and reorganize view- and positionally-invariant object representations in inferior temporal cortex? Neural Networks 24 2011 1050 1061
27. G.A. Carpenter Distributed learning, recognition, and prediction by ART and ARTMAP neural networks Neural Networks 10 1997 1473 1494
28. Carpenter, G.A., 2003. Default ARTMAP. In: Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN'03), pp. 1396-1401.
29. G.A. Carpenter, and S. Grossberg A massively parallel architecture for a self-organizing neural pattern recognition machine Comput. Vis. Graphics Image Process. 37 1987 54 115
30. G.A. Carpenter, and S. Grossberg Pattern Recognition by Self-Organizing Neural Networks 1991 MIT Press Cambridge, MA
31. G.A. Carpenter, and S. Grossberg Normal and amnesic learning, recognition, and memory by a neural model of cortico-hippocampal interactions Trends Neurosci. 16 1993 131 137
32. G.A. Carpenter, S. Grossberg, N. Markuzon, J.H. Reynolds, and D.B. Rosen Fuzzy ARTMAP: a neural network architecture for incremental supervised learning of analog multidimensional maps IEEE Trans. Neural Networks 3 1992 698 713
33. G.A. Carpenter, S. Grossberg, and J.H. Reynolds ARTMAP: supervised real-time learning and classification of nonstationary data by a self-organizing neural network Neural Networks 4 1991 565 588
34. G.A. Carpenter, S. Grossberg, and D.B. Rosen Fuzzy ART: fast stable learning and categorization of analog patterns by an adaptive resonance system Neural Networks 4 1991 759 771
35. H.-C. Chang, S. Grossberg, and Y. Cao Where's Waldo? How perceptual cognitive, and emotional brain processes cooperate during learning to categorize and find desired objects in a cluttered scene Front. Integr. Neurosci. 2014 10.3389/fnint.2014.0043 (http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnint.2014.00043/full)
36. C. Chen, J.A. King, N. Burgess, and J. O'Keefe How vision and movement combine in the hippocampal place code Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 110 2013 378 383
37. Y.C. Chiu, and S. Yantis A domain-independent source of cognitive control for task sets: shifting spatial attention and switching categorization rules J. Neurosci. 29 2009 3930 3938
38. Church, B.A., Krauss, M.S., Lopata, C., Toomey, J.A., Thomeer, M.L., Coutinho, M.V., Volker, M.A., Mercado, E. (2010). Atypical categorization in children with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder. Psychon. Bull. Rev., 17, 862-868.
39. N.J. Cohen, and L.R. Squire Preserved learning and retention of a pattern-analyzing skill in amnesia: dissociation of knowing how and knowing that Science 210 1980 207 210
40. M. Corbetta, J.M. Kincade, J.M. Ollinger, M.P. McAvoy, and G.L. Shulman Voluntary orienting is dissociated from target detection in human posterior parietal cortex Nat. Neurosci. 3 2000 292 297
41. M. Corbetta, G. Patel, and G.G. Shulman The reorienting system of the human brain: from environment to theory of mind Neuron 58 2008 306 324
42. M. Corbetta, and G.L. Shulman Control of goal-directed and stimulus-driven attention in the brain Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 3 2002 201 215
43. S. Davis, S.P. Butcher, and R.G. Morris The NMDA receptor antagonist D-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoate (D-AP5) impairs spatial learning and LTP in vivo at intracerebral concentrations comparable to those that block LTP in vivo J. Neurosci. 12 1992 21 34
44. S. Deneve, and A. Pouget Basis functions for object-centered representations Neuron 37 2003 347 359
45. R. Desimone Visual attention mediated by biased competition in extrastriate visual cortex Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, Ser. B 353 1998 1245 1255
46. N.U. Dosenbach, D.A. Fair, A.L. Cohen, B.L. Schlaggar, and S.E. Petersen A dual-networks architecture of top-down control Trends Cogn. Sci. 12 2008 99 105
47. N.U.F. Dosenbach, D.A. Fair, F.M. Miezin, A.L. Cohen, K.K. Wenger, R.A.T. Dosenbach, M.D. Fox, A.Z. Snyder, J.L. Vincent, M.E. Raichle, B.L. Schlagger, and S.E. Petersen Distinct brain networks for adaptive and stable task control in humans Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104 2007 11073 11078
48. R.J. Douglas, C. Koch, M. Mahowald, K.A.C. Martin, and H.H. Suarez Recurrent excitation in neocortical circuits Science 269 1995 981 985
49. M. Dranias, S. Grossberg, and D. Bullock Dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic value systems in conditioning and outcome-specific revaluation Brain Res. 1238 2008 239 287
50. J. Driver, and J.B. Mattingley Parietal neglect and visual awareness Nat. Neurosci. 1 1998 17 22
51. S.M. Dudek, and M.F. Bear Homosynaptic long-term depression in area VA1 of hippocampus and effects of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor blockade Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 1992 4363 4367
52. J.R. Duhamel, C.L. Colby, and M.E. Goldberg The updating of the representation of visual space in parietal cortex by intended eye movements Science 255 1992 90 92
53. R. Eckhorn, R. Bauer, W. Jordan, M. Brosch, W. Kruse, M. Munk, and H.J. Reitbock Coherent oscillations: a mechanism of feature linking in the visual cortex? Biol. Cybern. 60 1988 121 130
54. H. Eichenbaum, and P.A. Lipton Towards a functional organization of the medial temporal lobe memory system: role of the parahippocampal and medial entorhinal cortical areas Hippocampus 18 2008 1314 1324
55. H.E. Egeth, and S. Yantis Visual attention: control, representation, and time course Annu. Rev. Psychol. 48 1997 269 297
56. A.K. Engel, P. Fries, and W. Singer Dynamics predictions: oscillations and synchrony in top-down processing Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2 2001 704 716
57. A. Fazl, S. Grossberg, and E. Mingolla View-invariant object category learning, recognition, and search: how spatial and object attention are coordinated using surface-based attentional shrouds Cogn. Psychol. 58 2009 1 48
58. A.A. Fenton, H.-Y. Kao, S.A. Neymotin, A. Olypher, Y. Vayntrub, W.W. Lyton, and N. Ludvig Unmasking the CA1 ensemble place code by exposures to small and large environments: more place cells and multiple, irregularly arranged, and expanded place fields in the larger space J. Neurosci. 28 2008 11250 11262
59. J.C. Fiala, S. Grossberg, and D. Bullock Metabotropic glutamate receptor activation in cerebellar Purkinje cells as substrate for adaptive timing of the classically conditioned eye blink response J. Neurosci. 16 1996 3760 3774
60. N.C. Foley, S. Grossberg, and E. Mingolla Neural dynamics of object-based multifocal visual spatial attention and priming: object cueing, useful-field-of-view, and crowding Cogn. Psychol. 65 2012 77 117
61. Y. Fregnac, J.P. Burke, D. Smith, and M.J. Friedlander Temporal covariance of pre- and postsynaptic activity regulates functional connectivity in the visual cortex J. Neurophysiol. 71 1994 1403 1421
62. J.M. Fuster, and J.P. Jervey Inferotemporal neurons distinguish and retain behaviorally relevant features of visual stimuli Science 212 1981 952 955
63. G. Gancarz, and S. Grossberg A neural model of saccadic eye movement control explains task-specific adaptation Vis. Res. 39 1999 3123 3143
64. P. Gaudiano, and S. Grossberg Vector associative maps: unsupervised real-time error-based learning and control of movement trajectories Neural Networks 4 1991 147 183
65. P. Gaudiano, and S. Grossberg Adaptive vector integration to endpoint: self-organizing neural circuits for control of planned movement trajectories Hum. Mov. Sci. 11 1992 141 155
66. A.P. Georgopoulos, J.F. Kalaska, R. Caminiti, and J.T. Massey On the relations between the direction of two-dimensional arm movements and cell discharge in primate motor cortex J. Neurosci. 2 1982 1527 1537
67. A.P. Georgopoulos, A.B. Schwartz, and R.E. Kettner Neuronal population coding of movement direction Science 233 1986 1416 1419
68. J. Gibbon The origins of scalar timing Learn. Motiv. 22 1991 3 38
69. A. Gorchetchnikov, and S. Grossberg Space, time and learning in the hippocampus: how fine spatial and temporal scales are expanded into population codes for behavioral control Neural Networks 20 2007 182 193
70. J. Gottlieb, M. Kusunoki, and M.E. Goldberg Simultaneous representation of saccade targets and visual onsets in monkey lateral intraparietal area Cerebral Cortex 15 2005 1198 1206
71. C.M. Gray, and W. Singer Stimulus-specific neuronal oscillations in orientation columns of cat visual cortex Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86 1989 1698 1702
72. C.S. Green, and D. Bavelier Action-video-game experience alters the spatial resolution of vision Psychol. Sci. 18 2007 88 94
73. S. Grossberg Global ratio limit theorems for some nonlinear functional differential equations, II Bull. Am. Math. Soc. 74 1968 101 105
74. S. Grossberg Some nonlinear networks capable of learning a spatial pattern of arbitrary complexity Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 59 1968 368 372
75. S. Grossberg Some physiological and biochemical consequences of psychological postulates Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 60 1968 758 765
76. S. Grossberg On learning and energy-entropy dependence in recurrent and nonrecurrent signed networks J. Stat. Phys. 1 1969 319 350
77. S. Grossberg On the production and release of chemical transmitters and related topics in cellular control J. Theor. Biol. 22 1969 325 364
78. S. Grossberg On the serial learning of lists Math. Biosci. 4 1969 201 253
79. S. Grossberg Some networks that can learn, remember, and reproduce any number of complicated space-time patterns, I J. Math. Mech. 19 1969 53 91
80. S. Grossberg A neural theory of punishment and avoidance, II: Quantitative theory Math. Biosci. 15 1972 253 285
81. S. Grossberg Contour enhancement, short-term memory, and constancies in reverberating neural networks Stud. Appl. Math. 52 1973 213 257
82. S. Grossberg A neural model of attention, reinforcement, and discrimination learning Int. Rev. Neurobiol. 18 1975 263 327
83. S. Grossberg Adaptive pattern classification and universal recoding, I: Parallel development and coding of neural feature detectors Biol. Cybern. 23 1976 121 134
84. S. Grossberg Adaptive pattern classification and universal recoding, II: Feedback, expectation, olfaction, and illusions Biol. Cybern. 23 1976 187 202
85. S. Grossberg A theory of human memory: self-organization and performance of sensory-motor codes, maps, and plans R. Rosen, F. Snell Eds.), Progress in Theoretical Biology vol. 5 1978 Academic Press New York, NY 233 374
86. S. Grossberg How does a brain build a cognitive code? Psychol. Rev. 87 1980 1 51
87. S. Grossberg 3D vision and figure-ground separation by visual cortex Percept. Psychophys. 55 1994 48 120
88. S. Grossberg How does the cerebral cortex work? Learning, attention and grouping by the laminar circuits of visual cortex Spat. Vis. 12 1999 163 186
89. S. Grossberg The complementary brain: unifying brain dynamics and modularity Trends Cogn. Sci. 4 2000 233 246
90. S. Grossberg Consciousness CLEARS the mind Neural Networks 20 2007 1040 1053
91. S. Grossberg Cortical and subcortical predictive dynamics and learning during perception, cognition, emotion and action Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. B 364 2009 1223 1234
92. S. Grossberg Adaptive Resonance Theory: how a brain learns to consciously attend, learn, and recognize a changing world Neural Networks 37 2012 1 47
93. S. Grossberg, and A. Grunewald Cortical synchronization and perceptual framing J. Cogn. Neurosci. 9 1997 117 132
94. S. Grossberg, and S. Kazerounian Laminar cortical dynamics of conscious speech perception: a neural model of phonemic restoration using subsequent context in noise J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 130 2011 440 460
95. Grossberg, S., Kuperstein, M., 1986. Neural Dynamics of Adaptive Sensory-motor Control: Ballistic Eye Movements. Amsterdam, New York North-Holland.
96. S. Grossberg, J. Markowitz, and Y. Cao On the road to invariant recognition: explaining tradeoff and morph properties of cells in inferotemporal cortex using multiple-scale task-sensitive attentive learning Neural Networks 24 2011 1036 1049
97. S. Grossberg, and J.W.L. Merrill A neural network model of adaptively timed reinforcement learning and hippocampal dynamics Cogn. Brain Res. 1 1992 3 38
98. S. Grossberg, and J.W.L. Merrill The hippocampus and cerebellum in adaptively timed learning, recognition, and movement J. Cogn. Neurosci. 8 1996 257 277
99. S. Grossberg, E. Mingolla, and W.D. Ross Visual brain and visual perception: how does the cortex do perceptual grouping? Trends Neurosci. 20 1997 106 111
100. S. Grossberg, and R.W. Paine A neural model of corticocerebellar interactions during attentive imitation and predictive learning of sequential handwriting movements Neural Networks 13 2000 999 1046
101. S. Grossberg, and L. Pearson Laminar cortical dynamics of cognitive and motor working memory, sequence learning and performance: toward a unified theory of how the cerebral cortex works Psychol. Rev. 115 2008 677 732
102. S. Grossberg, and J. Pepe Spiking threshold and overarousal effects in serial learning J. Stat. Phys. 3 1971 95 125
103. S. Grossberg, and P.K. Pilly How entorhinal grid cells may learn multiple spatial scales from a dorsoventral gradient of cell response rates in a self-organizing map PLoS Comput. Biol. 8 10 2012 31002648 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002648
104. S. Grossberg, and P.K. Pilly Coordinated learning of grid cell and place cell spatial and temporal properties: multiple scales, attention, and oscillations Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. B 369 2014 20120524
105. S. Grossberg, and R. Raizada Contrast-sensitive perceptual grouping and object-based attention in the laminar circuits of primary visual cortex Vis. Res. 40 2000 1413 1432
106. S. Grossberg, and N.A. Schmajuk Neural dynamics of adaptive timing and temporal discrimination during associative learning Neural Networks 2 1989 79 102
107. S. Grossberg, and D. Seidman Neural dynamics of autistic behaviors: cognitive, emotional, and timing substrates Psychol. Rev. 113 2006 483 525
108. S. Grossberg, and A. Seitz Laminar development of receptive fields, maps, and columns in visual cortex: the coordinating role of the subplate Cerebral Cortex 13 2003 852 863
109. S. Grossberg, and D. Somers Synchronized oscillations during cooperative feature linking in a cortical model of visual perception Neural Networks 4 1991 453 466
110. S. Grossberg, and M. Versace Spikes, synchrony, and attentive learning by laminar thalamocortical circuits Brain Res. 1218 2008 278 312
111. S. Grossberg, and T. Vladusich How do children learn to follow gaze, share joint attention, imitate their teachers, and use tools during social interactions? Neural Networks 23 2010 940 965
112. S. Grossberg, and J.R. Williamson A neural model of how horizontal and interlaminar connections of visual cortex develop into adult circuits that carry out perceptual groupings and learning Cerebral Cortex 11 2001 37 58
113. S. Grossberg, and A. Yazdanbakhsh Laminar cortical dynamics of 3D surface perception: stratification, transparency, and neon color spreading Vis. Res. 45 2005 1725 1743
114. Grossberg, S., Srinivasan, K., Yazdanbakhsh, A. Binocular fusion and invariant category learning due to predictive remapping during scanning of a depthful scene with eye movements. Frontiers in Psychology: Percept. Sci., in press.
115. F.H. Guenther Speech sound acquisition, coarticulation, and rate effects in a neural network model of speech production Psychol. Rev. 102 1995 594 621
116. F.H. Guenther, D. Bullock, D. Greve, and S. Grossberg Neural representations for sensory-motor control, III: Learning a body-centered representation of 3-D target position J. Cogn. Neurosci. 6 1994 341 358
117. T. Hafting, M. Fyhn, S. Molden, M.B. Moser, and E.I. Moser Microstructure of a spatial map in the entorhinal cortex Nature 436 2005 801 806
118. R.H.R. Hahnloser, A.A. Kozhevnikov, and M.S. Fee An ultra-sparse code underlies the generation of neural sequences in a songbird Nature 419 2002 65 70
119. S. He, P. Cavanagh, and J. Intriligator Attentional resolution and the locus of visual awareness Nature 383 1996 334 337
120. D.O. Hebb The Organization of Behavior 1949 Wiley New York, NY
121. R. Hecht-Nielsen Counterpropagation networks Appl. Opt. 26 1987 4979 4983
122. D.J. Heeger Normalization of cell responses in cat striate cortex Visual Neurosci. 9 1992 181 197
123. E.J. Henriksen, L.L. Colgin, C.A. Barnes, M.P. Witter, M.B. Moser, and E.L. Moser Spatial representation along the proximodistal axis of CA1 Neuron 68 2010 127 137
124. J. Intriligator, and P. Cavanagh The spatial resolution of visual attention Cogn. Psychol. 43 2001 171 216
125. W. James The Principles of Psychology 1890 Harvard University Press Cambridge, MA
126. L.J. Kamin Predictability, surprise, attention and conditioning B.A. Campbell, R.M. Church (Eds.), Punishment and Aversive Behavior 1969 Appleton-Century-Crofts New York, NY
127. C.G. Kentros, N.T. Agniotri, S. Streater, R.D. Hawkins, and E.R. Kandel Increased attention to spatial context increases both place field stability and spatial memory Neuron 42 2004 283 295
128. C. Kentros, E. Hargreaves, R.D. Hawkins, E.R. Kandel, M. Shapiro, and R.V. Muller Abolition of long-term stability of new hippocampal place cell maps by NMDA receptor blockade Science 280 1998 2121 2126
129. A. Kirkwood, H.-K. Lee, and M.F. Bear Co-regulation of long-term potentiation and experience-dependent synaptic plasticity in visual cortex by age and experience Nature 375 1995 328 331
130. B.J. Knowlton, and L.R. Squire The learning of categories: parallel brain systems for item memory and category knowledge Science 262 1993 1747 1749
131. T. Kohonen Self-organization and Associative Memory 1984 Springer-Verlag New York, NY
132. Y. Komatsu, K. Toyama, J. Maeda, and H. Sakaguchi Long-term potentiation investigated in a slice preparation of striate cortex of young kittens Neurosci. Lett. 26 1981 269 274
133. N. Kraus, T. McGee, T. Littman, T. Nicol, and C. King Nonprimary auditory thalamic representation of acoustic change J. Neurophysiol. 72 1994 1270 1277
134. J. Krupic, N. Burgess, and J. O'Keefe Neural representations of location composed of spatially periodic bands Science 337 2012 853 857
135. R.F. Langston, J.A. Ainge, J.J. Couey, C.B. Canto, T.L. Bjerknes, M.P. Witter, E.I. Moser, and M.B. Moser Development of the spatial representation system in the rat Science 328 2010 1576 1580
136. K.S. Lashley In search of the engram. In: Society for Experimental Biology, Symposium 4. Physiological Mechanisms in Animal Behavior 1950 Cambridge University Press Cambridge, England 2 31
137. K.S. Lashley In search of the engram F.A. Beach D.O. Hebb (Eds.), The Neuropsychology of Lashley 1960 McGraw-Hill New York, NY 345 360
138. D.M. Levi Crowding - an essential bottleneck for object recognition: a mini-review Vis. Res. 48 2008 635 654
139. W.B. Levy, S.E. Brassel, and S.D. Moore Partial quantification of the associative synaptic learning rule of the dentate gyrus Neuroscience 8 1983 799 808
140. W.B. Levy, and N.L. Desmond The rules of elemental synaptic plasticity W.B. Levy, J. Anderson, S. Lehmkuhle (Eds.), Synaptic Modification, Neuron Selectivity and Nervous System Organization 1985 Erlbaum Hillsdale, NJ 105 121
141. In W.B. Levy, J. Anderson, S. Lehmkuhle, Synaptic Modification, Neuron Selectivity and Nervous System Organization 1985 Erlbaum Hillsdale, NJ 105 121
142. W.B. Levy, and O. Steward Temporal contiguity requirements for long-term associative potentiation/depression in the hippocampus Neuroscience 8 1983 791 797
143. C.J. MacDonald, K.Q. Lepage, U.T. Eden, and H. Eichenbaum Hippocampal "time cells" bridge the gap in memory for discontiguous events Neuron 71 2011 737 749
144. S. Mathot, and J. Theeuwes Evidence for the predictive remapping of visual attention Exp. Brain Res. 200 2010 117 122
145. B.L. McNaughton, F.P. Battaglia, O. Jensen, E.I. Moser, and M.B. Moser Path integration and the neural basis of the 'cognitive map' Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 7 2006 663 678
146. D. Melcher Predictive remapping of visual features precedes saccadic eye movements Nat. Neurosci. 10 2007 903 907
147. D. Melcher Dynamic, object-based remapping of visual features in trans-saccadic perception J. Vis. 8 2008 1 17
148. D. Melcher Selective attention and the active remapping of object features in trans- saccadic perception Vis. Res. 49 2009 1249 1255
149. M.-M. Mesulam Spatial attention and neglect: parietal, frontal and cingulate contributions to the mental representation and attentional targeting of salient extrapersonal events Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. B 354 1999 1325 1346
150. H. Mhatre, A. Gorchetchnikov, and S. Grossberg Grid cell hexagonal patterns formed by fast self-organized learning within entorhinal cortex Hippocampus 22 2012 320 334
151. Y. Miyashita, and H.S. Chang Neuronal correlate of pictorial short-term memory in the primate temporal cortex Nature 331 1988 68 70
152. R.G.M. Morris, and U. Frey Hippocampal synaptic plasticity: role in spatial learning or the automatic recording of attended experience? Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. B 1360 1997 1469 1503
153. R.G.M. Morris, P. Garrud, J.N.P. Rawlins, and J. O'Keefe Place navigation impaired in rats with hippocampal lesions Nature 297 1982 681 683
154. J.R. Moyer, R.A. Deyo, and J.F. Disterhoft Hippocampectomy disrupts trace eye-blink conditioning in rabbits Behav. Neurosci. 104 1990 243 252
155. R.M. Mulkey, and R.C. Malenda Mechanisms underlying induction of homosynaptic long-term depression in area CA1 of the hippocampus Neuron 9 1992 967 975
156. J. O'Keefe, and J. Dostrovsky The hippocampus as a spatial map. Preliminary evidence from unit activity in the freely-moving rat Brain Res. 34 1971 171 175
157. J. Palma, S. Grossberg, and M. Versace Persistence and storage of activity patterns in spiking recurrent cortical networks: modulation of sigmoid signals by after-hyperpolarization currents and acetylcholine Front. Comput. Neurosci. 6 2012 42 (Doi: 10.3389.fncom.2012.00042)
158. J. Palma, M. Versace, and S. Grossberg After-hyperpolarization currents and acetylcholine control sigmoid transfer functions in a spiking cortical model J. Comput. Neurosci. 32 2012 253 280
159. E.H. Park, D. Dvorak, and A.A. Fenton Ensemble place codes in hippocampus: CA1, CA3, and dentate gyrus place cells have multiple place fields in large environments PLoS One 6 2011 e22349
160. C. Parron, and E. Save Evidence for entorhinal and parietal cortices involvement in path integration in the rat Exp. Brain Res. 159 2004 349 359
161. I.P. Pavlov Conditioned Reflexes 1927 Oxford University Press
162. E.K. Perry, M.L.W. Lee, C.M. Martin-Ruiz, J.A. Court, S.G. Volsen, J. Merrit, E. Folly, P.E. Iversen, M.L. Bauman, R.H. Perry, and G.L. Wenk Cholinergic activity in autism: abnormalities in the cerebral cortex and basal forebrain Am. J. Psychiatry 158 2001 1058 1066
163. P.K. Pilly, and S. Grossberg How do spatial learning and memory occur in the brain? Coordinated learning of entorhinal grid cells and hippocampal place cells J. Cogn. Neurosci. 24 2012 1031 1054
164. P.K. Pilly, and S. Grossberg Spiking neurons in a hierarchical self-organizing map model can learn to develop spatial and temporal properties of entorhinal grid cells and hippocampal place cells PLoS One, 2013 10.1371/journal.pone.0060599
165. A. Pouget, P. Dayan, and R.S. Zemel Inference and computation with population codes Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 26 2003 381 410
166. D. Purves Body and Brain: A Trophic Theory of Neural Connections 1988 Harvard University Press Cambridge, MA
167. R. Raizada, and S. Grossberg Context-sensitive bindings by the laminar circuits of V1 and V2: a unified model of perceptual grouping, attention, and orientation contrast Visual Cognit. 8 2001 431 466
168. Ranck Jr, J.B., 1984. Head-direction cells in the deep cell layers of dorsal presubiculum in freely moving rats. In: Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Society for Neuroscience. Anaheim, CA. vol. 10, p. 599.
169. J.H. Reynolds, and D.J. Heeger The normalization model of attention Neuron 61 2009 168 185
170. S. Roberts Isolation of an internal clock J. Exp. Psychol. Anim. Behav. Processes 7 1981 242 268
171. W.A. Roberts, K. Cheng, and J.S. Cohen Timing light and tone signals in pigeons J. Exp. Psychol. Anim. Behav. Processes 15 1989 23 25
172. S. Royer, and D. Pare Conservation of total synaptic weight through balanced synaptic depression and potentiation Nature 422 2003 518 522
173. J.L.R. Rubenstein, and M.M. Merzenich Model of autism: increased ratio of excitation/inhibition in key neural systems Genes Brain Behav. 2 2003 255 267
174. F. Sargolini, M. Fyhn, T. Hafting, B.L. McNaughton, M.P. Witter, M.-B. Moser, and E.L. Moser Conjunctive representation of position, direction, and velocity in entorhinal cortex Science 312 2006 758 762
175. A.P. Saygin, and M.I. Sereno Retinotopy and attention in human occipital, temporal, parietal, and frontal cortex Cerebral Cortex 18 2008 2158 2168
176. N. Sigala, and N.K. Logothetis Visual categorization shapes feature selectivity in the primate temporal cortex Nature 415 2002 318 320
177. W. Singer Neuronal activity as a shaping factor in the self-organization of neuron assemblies E. Basar, H. Flohr, H. Haken, A.J. Mandell (Eds.), Synergetics of the Brain 1983 Springer-Verlag New York, NY 89 101 (1983)
178. M.C. Smith CS-US interval and US intensity in classical conditioning of the rabbit's nictitating membrane response J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 3 1968 679 687
179. P.R. Solomon, E.R. Vander Schaaf, and R.F. Thompson Hippocampus and trace conditioning of the rabbit's classically conditioned nictitating membrane response Behav. Neurosci. 100 1986 729 744
180. M.A. Sommer, and R.H. Wurtz Influence of the thalamus on spatial vision processing in frontal cortex Nature 444 2006 374 377
181. P. Song, and X.J. Wang Angular path integration by moving "hill of activity": a spiking neuron model without recurrent excitation of the head-direction system J. Neurosci. 25 2005 1002 1014
182. K. Tanaka, H. Saito, Y. Fukada, and M. Moriya Coding visual images of objects in the inferotemporal cortex of the macaque monkey J. Neurophysiol. 66 1991 170 189
183. J.S. Taube, R.U. Muller, and J.B. Ranck Jr Head-direction cells recorded from the postsubiculum in freely moving rats. I. Description and quantitative analysis J. Neurosci. 10 1990 420 435
184. J. Theeuwes, S. Mathot, and A. Kingstone Object-based eye movements: the eyes prefer to stay within the same object Atten. Percept. Psychophys. 72 2010 597 601
185. R.F. Thompson The search for the engram Am. Psychol. 31 1976 209 227
186. R.F. Thompson, G.A. Clark, N.H. Donegan, G.A. Lavond, D.G. Lincoln, J. Maddon, L.A. Mamounas, M.D. Mauk, and D.A. McCormick Neuronal substrates of discrete, defensive conditioned reflexes, conditioned fear states, and their interactions in the rabbit I. Gormenzano, W.F. Prokasy, R.F. Thompson (Eds.), Classical Conditioning third ed 1987 Erlbaum Associates Hillsdale, NJ 371 399
187. S. Thorpe, D. Fize, and C. Marlot Speed of processing in the human visual system Nature 381 1996 520 522
188. A.S. Tolias, T. Moore, S.M. Smirnakis, E.J. Tehovnik, A.G. Siapas, and P.H. Schiller Eye movements modulate visual receptive fields of V4 neurons Neuron 29 2001 757 767
189. H. Tomita, M. Ohbayashi, K. Nakahara, I. Hasegawa, and Y. Miyashita Top-down signal from prefrontal cortex in executive control of memory retrieval Nature 401 1999 699 703
190. M. Tsodyks, K. Pawelzik, and H. Markram Neural networks with dynamic synapses Neural Comput. 10 1998 821 835
191. C.W. Tyler, and L.L. Kontsevich Mechanisms of stereoscopic processing: stereoattention and surface perception in depth reconstruction Perception 24 1995 127 153
192. M.M. Umeno, and M.E. Goldberg Spatial processing in the monkey frontal eye fields, I: Predictive visual responses J. Neurophysiol. 78 1997 1373 1383
193. Y.D. van Der Werf, M.P. Witter, and H.J. Groenewegen The intralaminar and midline nuclei of the thalamus. Anatomical and functional evidence for participation in processes of arousal and awareness Brain Res. 39 2002 107 140
194. T. Vladusich, F. Lafe, D.-S. Kim, H. Tager-Flusberg, and S. Grossberg Prototypical category learning in high-functioning autism Autism Res. 3 2010 226 236
195. C. Von der Malsburg Self-organization of orientation sensitive cells in the striate cortex Biol Cybern. 14 1973 85 100
196. T.J. Wills, F. Cacucci, N. Burgess, and J. O'Keefe Development of the hippocampal cognitive map in preweanling rats Science 328 2010 1573 1576
197. S. Yantis, J. Schwarzbach, J.T. Serences, R.L. Carlson, M.A. Steinmetz, J.J. Pekar, and S.M. Courtney Transient neural activity in human parietal cortex during spatial attention shifts Nat. Neurosci. 5 2002 995 1002
198. A. Yazdanbakhsh, and S. Grossberg Fast synchronization of perceptual grouping in laminar visual cortical circuits Neural Networks 17 2004 707 718
199. S.R. Zaki, R.M. Nosofsky, N.M. Jessup, and F.W. Unversagt Categorization and recognition performance of a memory impaired group: evidence for single-system models J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc. 9 2003 394 406
200. D. Zoccolan, M. Kouh, T. Poggio, and J.J. DiCarlo Trade-off between object selectivity and tolerance in monkey inferotemporal cortex J. Neurosci. 27 2007 12292 12307