Intestinal immunity and gut microbiota as therapeutic targets for preventing atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases

Circulation Journal

Volumn 79, Issue 9, 2015, Pages 1882-1890

  Yamashita, Tomoya ^a   Kasahara, Kazuyuki ^a   Emoto, Takuo ^a   Matsumoto, Takuya ^a   Mizoguchi, Taiji ^a   Kitano, Naoki ^a   Sasaki, Naoto ^a   Hirata, Kenichi ^a  

^a KOBE UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (Japan)

Author keywords

Atherosclerosis; Gut microbiota; Intestinal immunity; Regulatory T cell; Tolerogenic dendritic cell

Indexed keywords

CD3 ANTIBODY; COLECALCIFEROL; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA; TRIMETHYLAMINE OXIDE; METHYLAMINE; TRIMETHYLOXAMINE;

ATHEROGENESIS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BACTEROIDETES; DENDRITIC CELL; FIRMICUTES; HUMAN; IMMUNE RESPONSE; IMMUNITY; INTESTINE; INTESTINE FLORA; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; NONHUMAN; OBESITY; PEYER PATCH; REGULATORY T LYMPHOCYTE; REVIEW; ANIMAL; IMMUNOLOGY; MICROBIOLOGY; MOUSE; MUCOSAL IMMUNITY;

ANIMALS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BACTEROIDETES; FIRMICUTES; GASTROINTESTINAL MICROBIOME; HUMANS; IMMUNITY, MUCOSAL; INTESTINES; METHYLAMINES; MICE;

EID: 84940061805     PISSN: 13469843     EISSN: 13474820     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1253/circj.CJ-15-0526     Document Type: Review

References (48)

1. Ridker PM, Danielson E, Fonseca FA, Genest J, Gotto AM Jr, Kastelein JJ, et al. Rosuvastatin to prevent vascular events in men and women with elevated C-reactive protein. N Engl J Med 2008; 359: 2195-2207.
2. Zhang B, Kawachi E, Miura S, Uehara Y, Matsunaga A, Kuroki M, et al. Therapeutic approaches to the regulation of metabolism of high-density lipoprotein: Novel HDL-directed pharmacological intervention and exercise. Circ J 2013; 77: 2651-2663.
3. De Rosa S, Curcio A, Indolfi C. Emerging role of microRNAs in cardiovascular diseases. Circ J 2014; 78: 567-575.
4. Matsuzawa Y, Guddeti RR, Kwon TG, Lerman LO, Lerman A. Secondary prevention strategy of cardiovascular disease using endothelial function testing. Circ J 2015; 79: 685-694.
5. Ketelhuth DF, Hansson GK. Modulation of autoimmunity and atherosclerosis: Common targets and promising translational approaches against disease. Circ J 2015; 79: 924-933.
6. Ross R. Atherosclerosis: An inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med 1999; 340: 115-126.
7. Libby P, Lichtman AH, Hansson GK. Immune effector mechanisms implicated in atherosclerosis: From mice to humans. Immunity 2013; 38: 1092-1104.
8. Libby P. Mechanisms of acute coronary syndromes and their implication for therapy. N Engl J Med 2013; 368: 2004-2013.
9. McNelis JC, Olefsky JM. Macrophages, immunity, and metabolic disease. Immunity 2014; 41: 36-48.
10. Kita T, Yamashita T, Sasaki N, Kasahara K, Sasaki Y, Yodoi K, et al. Regression of atherosclerosis with anti-CD3 antibody via augmenting a regulatory T-cell response in mice. Cardiovsac Res 2014; 102: 107-117.
11. Nakajima K, Yamashita T, Kita T, Takeda M, Sasaki N, Kasahara K, et al. Orally administered eicosapentaenoic acid induces rapid regression of atherosclerosis via modulating the phenotype of dendritic cells in LDL receptor-deficient mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2011; 31: 1963-1972.
12. Kasahara K, Sasaki N, Yamashita T, Kita T, Yodoi K, Sasaki Y, et al. CD3 antibody and IL-2 complex combination therapy inhibits atherosclerosis by augmenting a regulatory immune response. J Am Heart Assoc 2014; 3: e000719, doi:10.1161/JAHA.113.000719.
13. Sasaki N, Yamashita T, Takeda M, Shinohara M, Nakajima K, Tawa H, et al. Oral anti-CD3 antibody treatment induces regulatory T cells and inhibits the development of atherosclerosis in mice. Circulation 2009; 120: 1996-2005.
14. Takeda M, Yamashita T, Sasaki N, Nakajima K, Kita T, Shinohara M, et al. Oral administration of an active form of vitamin D3 (calcitriol) decreases atherosclerosis in mice by inducing regulatory T cells and immature dendritic cells with tolerogenic functions. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2010; 30: 2495-2503.
15. Human Microbiome Project Consortium. Structure, function and diversity of the healthy human microbiome. Nature 2012; 486: 207-214.
16. Qin J, Li R, Raes J, Arumugam M, Burgdorf KS, Manichanh C, et al. A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing. Nature 2010; 464: 59-65.
17. Dalal SR, Chang EB. The microbial basis of inflammatory bowel diseases. J Clin Invest 2014; 124: 4190-4196.
18. Weiner HL, da Cunha AP, Quintana F, Wu H. Oral tolerance. Immunol Rev 2011; 241: 241-259.
19. Chen W, Jin W, Hardegen N, Lei KJ, Li L, Marinos N, et al. Conversion of peripheral CD4+CD25-naive T cells to CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells by TGF-beta induction of transcription factor Foxp3. J Exp Med 2003; 198: 1875-1886.
20. Ochi H, Abraham M, Ishikawa H, Frenkel D, Yang K, Basso AS, et al. Oral CD3-specific antibody suppresses autoimmune encephalomyelitis by inducing CD4+ CD25-LAP+ T cells. Nat Med 2006; 12: 627-635.
21. Ishikawa H, Ochi H, Chen ML, Frenkel D, Maron R, Weiner HL. Inhibition of autoimmune diabetes by oral administration of anti- CD3 monoclonal antibody. Diabetes 2007; 56: 2103-2109.
22. Hermansson A, Johansson DK, Ketelhuth DF, Andersson J, Zhou X, Hansson GK. Immunotherapy with tolerogenic apolipoprotein B-100-loaded dendritic cells attenuates atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic mice. Circulation 2011; 123: 1083-1091.
23. Maron R, Sukhova G, Faria AM, Hoffmann E, Mach F, Libby P, et al. Mucosal administration of heat shock protein-65 decreases atherosclerosis and inflammation in aortic arch of low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice. Circulation 2002; 106: 1708-1715.
24. Arumugam M, Raes J, Pelletier E, Le Paslier D, Yamada T, Mende DR, et al. Enterotypes of the human gut microbiome. Nature 2011; 473: 174-180.
25. Lozupone CA, Stombaugh JI, Gordon JI, Jansson JK, Knight R. Diversity, stability and resilience of the human gut microbiota. Nature 2012; 489: 220-230.
26. Littman DR, Rudensky AY. Th17 and regulatory T cells in mediating and restraining inflammation. Cell 2010; 140: 845-858.
27. Atarashi K, Tanoue T, Oshima K, Suda W, Nagano Y, Nishikawa H, et al. Treg induction by a rationally selected mixture of Clostridia strains from the human microbiota. Nature 2013; 500: 232-236.
28. Atarashi K, Tanoue T, Shima T, Imaoka A, Kuwahara T, Momose Y, et al. Induction of colonic regulatory T cells by indigenous Clostridium species. Science 2011; 331: 337-341.
29. Furusawa Y, Obata Y, Fukuda S, Endo TA, Nakato G, Takahashi D, et al. Commensal microbe derived butyrate induces the differentiation of colonic regulatory T cells. Nature 2013; 504: 446-450.
30. Backhed F, Ding H, Wang T, Hooper LV, Koh GY, Nagy A, et al. The gut microbiota as an environmental factor that regulates fat storage. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2004; 101: 15718-15723.
31. Turnbaugh PJ, Hamady M, Yatsunenko T, Cantarel BL, Duncan A, Ley RE, et al. A core gut microbiome in obese and lean twins. Nature 2009; 457: 480-484.
32. Le Chatelier E, Nielsen T, Qin J, Prifti E, Hildebrand F, Falony G, et al. Richness of human gut microbiome correlates with metabolic markers. Nature 2013; 500: 541-546.
33. Ley RE, Turnbaugh PJ, Klein S, Gordon JI. Microbial ecology: Human gut microbes associated with obesity. Nature 2006; 444: 1022-1023.
34. Turnbaugh PJ, Ley RE, Mahowald MA, Magrini V, Mardis ER, Gordon JI. An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest. Nature 2006; 444: 1027-1031.
35. Frost G, Sleeth ML, Sahuri-Arisoylu M, Lizarbe B, Cerdan S, Brody L, et al. The short-chain fatty acid acetate reduces appetite via a central homeostatic mechanism. Nat Commun 2014; 5: 3611.
36. Qin J, Li Y, Cai Z, Li S, Zhu J, Zhang F, et al. A metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes. Nature 2012; 490: 55-60.
37. Karlsson FH, Tremaroli V, Nookaew I, Bergström G, Behre CJ, Fagerberg B, et al. Gut metagenome in European women with normal, impaired and diabetic glucose control. Nature 2013; 498: 99-103.
38. Sato J, Kanazawa A, Ikeda F, Yoshihara T, Goto H, Abe H, et al. Gut dysbiosis and detection of "live gut bacteria" in blood of Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2014; 37: 2343-2350.
39. Wright SD, Burton C, Hernandez M, Hassing H, Montenegro J, Mundt S, et al. Infectious agents are not necessary for murine atherogenesis. J Exp Med 2000; 191: 1437-1442.
40. Stepankova R, Tonar Z, Bartova J, Nedorost L, Rossman P, Poledne R, et al. Absence of microbiota (germ-free conditions) accelerates the atherosclerosis in ApoE-deficient mice fed standard low cholesterol diet. J Atheroscler Thromb 2010; 17: 796-804.
41. Velagapudi VR, Hezaveh R, Reigstad CS, Gopalacharyulu P, Yetukuri L, Islam S, et al. The gut microbiota modulates host energy and lipid metabolism in mice. J Lipid Res 2010; 51: 1101-1112.
42. Karlsson FH, Fak F, Nookaew I, Tremaroli V, Fagerberg B, Petranovic D, et al. Symptomatic atherosclerosis is associated with an altered gut metagenome. Nat Commun 2012; 3: 1245.
43. Wang Z, Klipfell E, Bennett BJ, Koeth R, Levison BS, Dugar B, et al. Gut flora metabolism of phosphatidylcholine promotes cardiovascular disease. Nature 2011; 472: 57-63.
44. Tang WH, Wang Z, Levison BS, Koeth RA, Britt EB, Fu X, et al. Intestinal microbial metabolism of phosphatidylcholine and cardiovascular risk. N Engl J Med 2013; 368: 1575-1584.
45. Koeth RA, Wang Z, Levison BS, Buffa JA, Org E, Sheehy BT, et al. Intestinal microbiota metabolism of L-carnitine, a nutrient in red meat, promotes atherosclerosis. Nat Med 2013; 19: 576-585.
46. Koeth RA, Levison BS, Culley MK, Buffa JA, Wang Z, Gregory JC, et al. γ-butyrobetaine is a proatherogenic intermediate in gut microbial metabolism of L-carnitine to TMAO. Cell Metab 2014; 20: 799-812.
47. van Nood E, Vrieze A, Nieuwdorp M, Fuentes S, Zoetendal EG, de Vos WM, et al. Duodenal infusion of donor feces for recurrent Clostridium difficile. N Engl J Med 2013; 368: 407-415.
48. Vrieze A, Van Nood E, Holleman F, Salojärvi J, Kootte RS, Bartelsman JF, et al. Transfer of intestinal microbiota from lean donors increases insulin sensitivity in individuals with metabolic syndrome. Gastroenterology 2012; 143: 913-916.e7, doi:10.1053/j. gastro.2012.06.031.