Icts and development in India: Perspectives on the rural network society

Icts and Development in India: Perspectives on the Rural Network Society

Volumn , Issue , 2011, Pages 1-215

  Sreekumar, T T ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84940050227     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.7135/UPO9781843313830     Document Type: Book

References (414)

1. Abirafeh, L. 2002. ‘Afghan Women One Year Later: Creating Digital Opportunities for Afghan Women’. dgCommunities. http://topics.developmentgateway.org/afghanistan/sdm/previewDocument.do∼427938
2. Adam, A. 2005. Gender, Ethics and Information Technology. Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave MacMillan.
3. Alavi, H. 1975. ‘India and the Colonial Mode of Production’.The Socialist Register, 12: 160–197.
4. Albrechtsen, H. 1987. ‘Tele-Cottages in the Nordic Countries’. Canadian Journal of Educational Communication 16 (4): 327–333.
5. Amin, A., A. Cameron, and R. Hudson. 2002. Placing the Social Economy. London and New York: Routledge.
6. Amin, S. 1974. Accumulation on a World Scale: A Critique of the Theory of Development. New York: Monthly Review Press.
7. Antony, P., and G. Vasudevan. 2008. ‘Ricocheting Gender Equations: Women Workers in the Call Centre Industry’. In ICTs and Indian Social Change: Diffusion, Governance, Poverty, edited by A. Saith, M. Vijayabaskar, and V. Gayathri, pp. 290–319 India: Sage Publications.
8. Armitage, J. (ed.). 2000. Paul Virilio: From Modernism to Hypermodernism and Beyond. London, Thousand Oaks, and New Delhi: Sage Publications.
9. Armitage, J. 1999. ‘Resisting the Neo-liberal Discourse of Technology: The Politics of Cyberculture in the Age of the Virtual’. Ctheory - Theory, Technology and Culture 22 (1–2) Article No. 68, http://www.ctheory.net/articles.aspx?id=111
10. Aron, R. 1967. 18 Lectures on Industrial Society. Trans. M. R Bottomore. London: Weidenfeld and Nicholson.
11. Arora, P. 2010. Dot Com Mantra: Social Computing in the Central Himalayas. Farnham, UK: Ashgate Publishing.
12. Arun, S., R. Heeks, and S. Morgan. 2004. ICT Initiatives, Women and Work in Developing Countries: ReinforcingoOr Changing Gender Inequalities in South India? Manchester: Institute for Development Policy and Management, University of Manchester.
13. Arun, T. G., and S. Arun. 2002. ‘Gender, Development and ICT: Software Production in Kerala’. Journal of International Development 14(1): 39–50.
14. Arunachalam, S. 2002. ‘Reaching the Unreached: How can we use ICTs to Empower the Rural Poor in the Developing World through Enhanced Access to Relevant Information?’ Paper presented at the IFLA General Conference, August 18–14, Glasgow.
15. ATIP (Asian Technology Information Programme). 1997. ‘corDECT- A New Indian Wireless Local Loop System’, ATIP97.002. http://www.atip.org/atip.reports.97/atip97.002r.html
16. Avgerou, C., and G. Walsham. 2000. Information Technology in Context: Studies from the Perspective of Developing Countries. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate.
17. Avgerou, C., C. Ciborra, and F. Land (eds). 2004. The Social Study of Information and Communication Technology: Innovation, Actors and Contexts. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
18. Ayres, C. E. [1944] 1962. The Theory of Economic Progress: A Study of the Fundamentals of Economic Development and Cultural change. New York: Schocken Books.
19. Baark, E., and N. Sharif. 2006. ‘From Trade Hub to Innovation Hub: The Role of Hong Kong's Innovation System in Linking China to Global Markets’. Innovation: Management, Policy and Practice 8 (1–2): 193–209.
20. Baddeley, S. 1997. ‘Governmentality’. In The Governance of Cyber Space: Politics, Technology and Global Restructuring, edited by B. Loader, pp. 64–96. New York and London: Routledge.
21. Bagga, R. K., K. Keniston, and R. R. Mathur (eds). 2005. The state, IT and development. New Delhi: Sage Publication.
22. Balaji, V., K. G. Rajamohan, R. Rajashekhara Pandy, and S. Senthil Kumaran. 2001. ‘Towards Knowledge Systems for Sustainable Food Security: The Information Village Experiment in Pondicherry’. Proceedings of the Theme session Information Technology for Development –a Millennium Perspective, edited by M. R. Das. XIII Kerala Science Congress, January 29–31, Thrissur.
23. Balsamo, A.1996. Technologies of the Gendered Body: Reading Cyborg Women. Durham and London: Duke University Press.
24. Banaji, J. 1972. ‘For a Theory of Colonial Modes of Production’. Economic and Political Weekly, 7(52): 2498–2502.
25. Banerjee, P. 2001. ‘What Does it Mean to Empower Informationally the Local Government! – Designing an Information System for a District Level Development Administration’. International Journal of Information Management 21 (6): 403–421.
26. Barak, A. 2005. ‘Sexual Harassment on the Internet’. Social Science Computer Review 23 (1): 77–92.
27. Baran, P. 1957. Political Economy of Growth. New York: Monthly Review Press.
28. Bardhan, P. 1982. ‘Agrarian Class Formation in India’. The Journal of Peasant Studies, 10 (1): 73–94.
29. Baron, S., J. Field, and T. Schuller (eds). 2000. Social Capital: Critical Perspectives. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
30. Barros, R., L. Fox, and R. Menonca. 1997. ‘Female-headed Households, Poverty, and the welfare of Children in Urban Brazil’. Economic Development and Cultural Change 45 (2): 231–57.
31. Baviskar, A. 1997. In the Belly of the River: Tribal Confl icts over Development in the Narmada Valley. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
32. Beamish, A. 1995. ‘Communities Online: A Study of Community-Based Computer Networks’. Master's thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. http://theses.mit.edu:80/Dienst/UI/2.0/Describe/0018.mit.theses/1995–35.
33. Bellah, R. N., R. Madsen, S. M. Tipton, W. M. Sullivan, and A. Swidler. 1991. The Good Society. New York: Alfred A Knoff.
34. Bellamy, C., and J. A. Taylor. 1994. ‘Introduction: Towards the Information Polity? Public Administration in the Information Age’. Journal of Public Administration 72 (1): 1–13.
35. Beniger, J. R. 1986. The Control Revolution: Technological and Economic Origins of the Information Society. Cambridge Mass.: Harvard University Press.
36. Benner, M., and U. Sandstrom. 2000. ‘Institutionalizing the Triple Helix: Research Finding and Norms in the Academic System’. Research Policy 29 (2): 291–302.
37. Best M. L., and C. M. Maclay, 2002. ‘Community Internet Access in Rural Areas: Solving the Economic Sustainability Puzzle’. In The Global Information Technology Report 2001–2002: Readiness for the Networked World, edited by G. Kirkman, P. K. Cornelius, J. D. Sachs and K Schwab, pp. 76–88. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
38. Best, M. L., and S. G. Maier. 2007. ‘Gender, Culture and ICT Use in Rural South India’. Gender Technology and Development 11(2): 137–155.
39. Bhaduri, A. 1973. ‘A Study in Agricultural Backwardness Under Semi-Feudalism’. Economic Journal 83(329): 120–137.
40. Bhalla, G. S. 1981. ‘Green Revolution in the Punjab (India): Rural Structural Changes in Nonmetropolitan Regions’. In Rural-Urban Relations and Regional Development, edited by F. Lo, J. S. Edralin, and N. T. Dung. Regional Development Series; v. 5, pp. 195– 216. Singapore: Maruzen Asia for United Nations Centre for Regional Development, Nagoya, Japan.
41. Bhatnagar, S. 1990. ‘Computers in Developing Countries’. In Information technology in Developing Countries, edited by S. Bhatnagar and N. Bjorn Anderson. Amsterdam: North- Holland.
42. Bhatnagar, S. 2004. Government: From Vision To Implementation, A Practical Guide With Case Studies. New Delhi : Sage Publications.
43. Bhatnagar, S., and N. Bjorn Anderson (eds). 1990. Information technology in Developing Countries. Amsterdam: North-Holland.
44. Bhatnagar, S., and R. Sechware (eds). 2000. Information and Communication Technology in Development: Cases from India. New Delhi, Thousand Oaks and London: Sage Publications.
45. Bhatnagar, S., and N. Vyas. 2001. ‘Gyandoot: Community-Owned Rural Internet Kiosks’. Retrievable at: www1.worldbank.org/publicsector/egov/gyandootcs.htm
46. Bhushan, P. 2008. ‘Connecting or Dividing? Examining Female Learners’ Information and Communication Technology Access and Use in Open and Distance Learning’. Open Learning: The Journal of Open and Distance Learning 23(2): 131–138.
47. Bihari, G. and C. Jókay. 1999. Telecottages in Hungary: The Experience and the Opportunities. Budapest: IGE Ltd.
48. Blattman, C., R. Jensen, and R. Roman. 2003. ‘Assessing the Need and Potential of Community Networking for Development in Rural India’. The Information Society 19(5): 349–64.
49. Boas, T., T. Dunning, and J. Bussell. 2005. ‘Will the Digital Revolution Revolutionalize Development? Drawing Together the Debate’. Studies in Comparative International Development 40(2): 95–110.
50. Bourdieu, P. 1977. Outline of a Theory of Practice. Trans. R. Nice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
51. Brousseau, E. 2003. ‘E-Commerce in France: Did Early Adoption Prevent its Development?’ The Information Society 19: 45–57.
52. Brown, C. 2000. ‘Cosmopolitanism, World Citizenship, and Global Civil Society’. Contemporary Research in Social and Political Philosophy 3 (1): 7–26.
53. Buvinic, M. and Gupta, G. R., 1997, ‘Female headed households and female-maintained families: are they worth targeting to reduce poverty in developing countries’. Economic Development and Cultural Change 45 (2): 259–280.
54. Bury, R. 2005. Cyberspaces of Their Own: Female Fandoms Online. New York: Peter Lang Publishing.
55. Byres, T. J. 1972. ‘The Dialectics of India's Green Revolution’. South Asian Review. Vol. 5(2): 99–106.
56. Campbell, C. J. 1995. ‘Community Technology Centers: Exploring a Tool for Rural Community Development’. Amherst: The Center for Rural Massachusetts, University of Massachusetts. Available at www-unix.oit.umass.edu/∼ruralma/CTC2.html
57. Carnoy, M., M. Castells, S. S. Cohen, and F. Cardoso. 1993. The New Global Economy in the Information Age. University Park PA: Pennsylvania State University Press.
58. Carvin, A., and M. Surman (eds). 2008. From The Ground Up (The Evolution of the Telecentre Movement). Canada: telecenter.org, c/o International Development Research Centre. www.epractice.eu/files/media/media2257.pdf
59. Castells, M. 2000. The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture Vol. I-The Rise of the Network Society. Oxford: Blackwell.
60. Castells, M. 2001. The Internet Galaxy. New York: Oxford University Press.
61. Castells, M., and P. Hall. 1994. Technopoles of the World: The Making of 21st century Industrial Complexes. London: Routledge.
62. Castro, E., C. Rodrigues, C. Esteves, and A. R. Pires. 2000. ‘The Triple Helix Model as a Model for Creative Use of Telematics’. Research Policy 29 (2): 193–203.
63. CEC (Commission of the European Communities). 2001. Information and Communication Technologies in Development: The Role of ICTs in EC development policy. Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament, Brussels.
64. CEG-IIMA. (Center for Electronic Governance, Indian Institute of management, Ahmedabad). 2002. An Evaluation of Gyandoot. Washington: World Bank.
65. Cereny, P. G. 2000. ‘Structuring the Political Arena: Public goods, States and Governance in a Globalizing world’. in Global Political Economy: Contemporary Theories, edited by R. Palan. pp. 21–35, London; New York: Routledge.
66. Chakravartty, P. 2004. ‘Telecom, National Development and the Indian State: A Postcolonial Critique’. Media, Culture and Society 26(2): 227–49.
67. Chakravartty, P. 2008. ‘Labor in or as Civil Society? Workers and Subaltern Publics in India's Information Society. In Global Communications: Toward a Transcultural Political Economy, edited by P. Chakravartty and Y. Zhao, pp. 285–307. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefi eld Publishers, Inc.
68. Chandhoke, N. 2003. The Conceits of Civil Society. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
69. Chaterjee, P(artha). 2001. ‘On Civil and Political Society in Postcolonial Democracies’. In Civil Society: History and Possibilities. Edited by S. Kaviraj, and S. Khilnani. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 165–178.
70. Chaterjee, P (artha). 2004. The Politics of the Governed: Considerations on Political Society in Most of the World. New York: Columbia University Press
71. Chatterjee, P (atralekha). 2000. ‘Internet Takes Root’. MSNBC, February 27. www. stockholmchallenge.org/project/data/gyandoot
72. Chaudhuri, B. 2010. ‘Good Governance in India: Interplay of Politics, Culture and Technology in E-Governance Projects’. European Association of Social Anthropologists (EASA) Workshop: Crisis and imagination. (Indiascapes: refl ections of contemporary India) Maynooth, August 24–27, 2010.
73. Cherny, L., and E. R. Weise (eds). 1996. Wired Women: Gender and New Realities in Cyberspace. Seattle: Seal Press.
74. Chilcote, R. H., and D. L. Johnston.1983. Theories of Development: Mode of Production or Dependency. Beverly Hills: Sage.
75. Cohen, J. 1999. ‘Trust, Voluntary Association and Workable Democracy: The Contemporary American Discourse of Civil Society’ in Democracy and Trust, edited by M. E. Warren, pp. 208–248. New York: Cambridge University Press.
76. Cohen, S. 1999. ‘Contextualism, Skepticism, and the Structure of Reasons’. Philosophical Perspectives 13, Epistemology: 57–89.
77. Cohen, S. 2001. ‘Contextualism Defended: Comments on Richard Feldman's ‘Skeptical Problems, Contextualist Solutions’. Philosophical Studies 103: 87–98.
78. Cohen, S. S., and J. Zysman. 1987. Manufacturing Matters: The Myth of the PostIndustrial Economy. New York, Basic books.
79. Coleman, J. S. 1988. ‘Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital’. American Journal of Sociology (Supplement). 95, S95–S120.
80. Conroy, C. 2006. Telecentre Initiatives In Rural India: Failed Fad or the Way Forward? Kent: Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich.
81. Cortada, J. W. c. 2002. Making the Information Society: Experience, Consequences and Possibilities. London: Financial Times/Prentice Hall.
82. Cowen, M and R. W. Shenton. 1997. Doctrines of Development. London and New York: Routledge.
83. D’Mello, M. 2006. ‘Gendered Selves and Identities of Information Technology Professionals in Global Software Organizations in India’. Journal Information Technology for Development 12 (2): 131–58.
84. Dahlberg, K. A. 1979. Beyond the Green Revolution: The Ecology and Politics of Global Agricultural Development. New York: Plenum Press.
85. Dai, X. 2000. The Digital Revolution and Governance. Aldershot, Burlington USA, Singapore and Sydney: Ashgate.
86. De Vaney, A., S. Gance, and Y. Ma (eds). 2000. ‘Technology and Resistance: Digital Communications and New Coalitions Around the World. New York: P. Lang.
87. De, R. 2009. ‘Caste Structures and E-Governance in a Developing Country’. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 5693, pp. 40–53.
88. Dekker, P. and E. M. Uslaner (eds). 2001. Social Capital and Participation in Everyday Life. London: Routledge.
89. Dembski, W. A. 1994. ‘The Fallacy of Contextualism’. The Princeton Theological Review, October. www.arn.org/docs/dembski/wd_contexism.htm
90. Dixit, V. 2007.‘Habermasian Public Sphere and the Telecentre Discourse’. In Foundations of e-Governance. Edited by A. Agarwal V. VenkataRamana, pp. 55–68 New Delhi: GIFT Publishing.
91. DN. (Pseudonym) 2001. ‘ICTs in Rural Poverty Alleviation’. Economic and Political Weekly 36 (1): 917–20.
92. Domar, E. D. [1957] 1982. Essays in the Theory of Economic Growth. Westport Conn.: Greenwood Press. Originally published: New York: Oxford University Press.
93. Donner, J. 2008. ‘Research Approaches to Mobile Use in the Developing World: A Review of the Literature’. The Information Society 24 (3): 140–59.
94. Dosi G., C. Freeman, R. Nelson, G. Silverberg, and L. Soete. 1988. Technical Change and Economic Theory. London, Francis Pinter; and New York: Columbia University Press.
95. Dreze, J., and P. V. Srinivasan. 1995. ‘Widowhood and Poverty in Rural India: Some Inferences from Household Survey Data’. Discussion Paper No. 125, November 1995, Bombay: Indira Gandhi Institute for Development Research.
96. Dugger, C. 2000. ‘Connecting Rural India to the World’. The New York Times, 28 May.
97. Dyer-Witheford, N. 1999. Cyber-Marx: Cycles and Circuits of Struggle in High Technology Capitalism. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press.
98. Edquist, C. 2001. ‘The Systems of Innovation Approach and Innovation Policy: An Account of the State of the Art’. Paper Presented at the DRUID Conference, June 12–15, Aalborg.
99. Elam, M. 1997. ‘National Imaginations and Systems of Innovation’. In Systems of Innovation: Technologies Institutions and Organizations, edited by C. Edquist. London and Washington: Pinter.
100. Eriksson-Zetterquist, U. 2007. ‘Gender and New Technologies’. Gender, Work and Organization 14(4): 305–311.
101. Etzkowitz, H., and L. Leydesdorff (eds).1997. Universities and the Global Knowledge Economy: A Triple Helix of University-Industry-Government Relations. London and Washington: Pinter.
102. Etzkowitz, H., and L. Leydesdorff. 2000. ‘The Dynamics of Innovation: From National Systems and “Mode 2” to the Triple Helix of University-Industry-Government Relations’. Research Policy 29 (2): 109–23.
103. Evans, P. 1995. Embedded Autonomy: State and Industrial Transformation. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
104. Feenberg, A. 1999. Questioning Technology. London and New York: Routledge.
105. Feenberg, A., and M. Bakardjieva. 2004. ‘Virtual Community: No “Killer Implication”’. New Media and Society 6(1): 37–43.
106. Felker, G. 1999. ‘Malaysia's Innovation System: Actors, Interests and Governance’. In Technology, competitiveness and the state: Malaysia's industrial technology policies, edited by K. S. Jomo and G. Felker, pp. 98–147. London: New York: Routledge.
107. Fine, B. 2001. Social Capital Versus Social Theory. Political Economy and Social Science at the Turn of the Millenium. London and New York: Routledge.
108. Finn, J., and M. Banach. 2000. ‘Victimization Online: The Downside of Seeking Human Services for Women on the Internet’. CyberPsychology and Behavior 3 (5): 785–796.
109. Flanagan, M., and A. Booth (eds). 2006. Reload: Rethinking Women and Cyberculture. Cambridge: MIT Press.
110. Flinders, M. V. 1999. ‘Quangos: Why Do Governments Love Them?’ In Quangos, Accountability and Reform: the politics of quasi-government. Flinders, edited by M. V. and M. J. Smith, pp 26–39. Great Britain: Macmillan Press.
111. Firth, R. 1946. Human Types. London: Nelson.
112. Flinders, M. V., and M. J. Smith. 1999. Quangos, Accountability and Reform: the politics of quasigovernment. Great Britain: Macmillan Press.
113. Fonseca, R., and J. Pal. 2003. ‘Bringing Devices to the Masses: A Comparative Study of the Brazilian Computador Popular and the Indian Simputer’. Final Report. ICT4B, December.
114. Foster, D. 1996. ‘Community and Identity in the Electronic Village’. Internet Culture, D. Porter (ed), pp. 23–37. London: Routledge.
115. Foucault, M. 1991. ‘Governmentality’. In The Foucault Effect: Studies in Governmentality. Edited by G. Burchell, C. Gordon, and P. Miller pp. 87–104. Hemel Hampstead: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
116. Frank, A. G. 1967. Latin America: Underdevelopment or Revolution? Essays on the Development of Underdevelopment and Immediate Enemy. New York: Modern Reader.
117. Freeman, C. 2000. ‘The “National system of Innovation” in Historical Perspective’. In Systems of Innovation: Growth, Competitiveness and Employment, Vol. I, edited by. C. Edquist and M. McKelvey, pp. 41–60. Cheltenham and Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar.
118. Frissen, P. 1997. ‘The virtual state: Postmodernisation, informatisation and Public Administration’. In The Governance of Cyberspace. Edited by B. D. Loader. London and New York: Routledge, pp. 110–125.
119. Fugita, K. 1988. ‘The Technopolis: High Technology and Regional Development in Japan’. International Journal of Urban Research 12: 566–94.
120. Fukuyama, F. 1995. Trust: Social Virtues and the Creation of Prosperity. New York: Free Press.
121. Fuller, C., and H. Narasimhan. 2008. ‘Empowerment and Constraint: Women, Work and the Family in Chennai Software Industry’. In In an outpost of global economy: Work and Workers in an India's Information Technology edited by C. Upadhyay, and A. R. Vasavi, pp. 190–210. Routledge: New York.
122. Furer-Haimendorf, C. von. 1943. The Chenchus: Jungle folk of Deccan. London: Macmillan and Company.
123. Gajjala, R. 2002. ‘Cyberfeminist Technological Practices: Exploring Possibilities for a Woman-Centered Design of Technological Environments’. Background paper prepared for the INSTRAW Virtual Seminar Series on Gender and ICTs. www.un-instraw.org/en/docs/gender_and_ict/Gajjala.pdf
124. Ganapati, P. 2003. ‘Simputer. Not a Common Man's Device Anymore’. Rediff Online, 17 September http://in.rediff.com/money/2003/sep/17spec.htm
125. Gangopadhyay, S., and W. Wadhwa. 2003. ‘Are Indian Female-Headed Households More Vulnerable to Poverty?’ India Development Foundation, Institute of International Studies, UC Berekely. http://globetrotter.berkeley.edu/macarthur/inequality/papers
126. Gasper, D. 1996. ‘Culture and Development Ethics: Needs, Women Rights and Western Theories’. Development and Change 27 (4): 627–61.
127. Ghahremani, Y. 2001. ‘Heroes of the Digital Divide’. Asiaweek 29 June: 31–41.
128. Ghatak, M. 2002. ‘Use of Information Technology in Agriculture’. www.indiainfoline. com/bisc/itin.pdf
129. Ghosh, A. 2006. Communication Technology and Human Development, New Delhi: Sage Publications.
130. Gill, S. S. 2004. The Information Revolution and India: A Critique. New Delhi: Rupa.
131. Glaeser, B. (ed.). 1987. The Green Revolution Revisited: Critiques and Alternatives, London: Allen & Unwin.
132. Glenn, J. K. III. 2001. Framing Democracy: Civil Society and Civic Movements in Eastern Europe. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
133. GOI (Government of India). 1985. Seventh Five Year Plan, 1985–90. New Delhi: Government of India, Planning Commission.
134. GOP (Government of Pondicherry). 2002. Uzhavar Uthaviyakam- Oru Arimugam (Farmers’ Support Centre: An Introduction) Pondicherry: Department of Agriculture. (Pamphlet in the possession of the author.)
135. Golding, P. 1996. ‘World Wide Wedge: Division and Contradiction in the Global Information Infrastructure’. Monthly Review 48(3): 70–86.
136. Goyal, A. 2003. ‘Why Women Lag and Why they May Lead’. i4d: Information for Development 1(3): 13–21.
137. Green, E., and A. E. Adam. 2001. Virtual Gender - Technology, Consumption and Identity Matters. London and New York: Routledge.
138. Green, L. 2002. Communication, Technology and Society. London: Sage Publications.
139. Gupta, P. P. 1981. ‘Policy Framework for Development of Computer Technology and Applications’. In Computers in Developing Nations, edited by. J. M. Bennet, and R. E. Kalman. Amsterdam/New York/Oxford: North-Holland Publishing Company.
140. Gurstein, M. (ed.). 2000. ‘Community Informatics: Enabling Communities with Information and Communications Technologies’. Hershey, PA: Idea Group Publication.
141. Gurumurthy, A. and P. J. Singh. 2006. ‘Civil Society and Feminist Engagement at WSIS: Some Refl ections’. In Gender in the information society, edited by A. Gurumurthy, P. J. Singh, A. Mundkur, and M. Swamy, pp. 15–26. Bangkok: UNDP-APDIP-Elsevier.
142. Gurumurthy, A., and R. Sarkar. 2003. Poverty Alleviation through Tele-centre Initiatives. Bangalore: IT for Change. http://itforchange.net/mambo/content/view/62/40/
143. Habermas, J. 1984. The Theory of Communicative Action: Volume I. Boston: Beacon Press.
144. Hafkin, N. 2002. ‘Are ICTs Gender Neutral? A Gender Analysis of Six Case Studies of Multi-donor ICT Projects’. Background paper prepared for the INSTRAW Virtual Seminar Series on Gender and ICTs. www.uninstraw.rg/en/docs/gender_and_ict/Hafkin.pdf
145. Hafkin, N., and N. Taggart. 2001. ‘Gender, Information Technology, and Developing Countries: An Analytic Study’. USAID. http://ict.aed.org/infocenter/gender.htm, www.usaid.gov/wid/pubs/hafnoph.pdf
146. Hall, A. J. 1995. Civil Society: Theory, History, Comparison. Cambridge: Polity Press.
147. Hall, P., and P. Preston.1988. The Carrier wave: New Information Technology and the Geography of Innovation. London: Unwin Hyman.
148. Haraway, D. J. 1991. Simians, Cyborgs and Women: The Reinvention of Nature. New York; Routledge.
149. Harcourt, W. (ed.). 1999. Women@Internet: Creating New Cultures in Cyberspace. London: Zed.
150. Hård, M., and A. Jamison. 1998. ‘Conceptual Framework: Technology Debates as Appropriation Processes’. In The Intellectual Appropriation of Technology : Discourses on Modernity, 1900–1939. Edited by M. Hård and A. Jamison. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp: 1–16.
151. Hariss, J. 2001. Depoliticizing Development: The World Bank and Social Capital. London: Anthem Press.
152. Harrod, R. F. 1952. Economic Essays. London: MacMillan.
153. Harvey, D. 1989. The Condition of Post Modernity: An Enquiry into the Origins of Cultural Change. Oxford: Blackwell.
154. Harvey, F. 2002. ‘Computer for the Third World’. Scientifi c American 287(4): 100–102.
155. Haywood, Trevor 1995. Info Rich – Info Poor: Access and Exchange in the Global Information Society. London: Bower Saur.
156. Hedström, K., and Å. Grönlund, 2008. ‘The Quest for Development – Reviewing ICT4D Research’. GlobDev 2008. Paper 24. http://aisel.aisnet.org/globdev2008/24
157. Heeks, R. 2006. ‘Theorizing ICT4D Research’. Information Technologies and International Development 3(3) 1–4.
158. Heeks, R. 2008. ‘ICT4D2.0: the Next Phase of Applying ICT for International Development’. Computer 41(6): 26–33.
159. Heeks, R., and S. Bailur. 2007. ‘Analyzing eGovernment Research: Perspectives, Philosophies, Theories, Methods and Practice’. Government Information Quarterly 24(2): 243–165.
160. Held, D., A. McGrew, D. Glodblatt, and J. Perraton. 1999. Global Transformation: Politics, Economics and Culture. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
161. Held, D., and A. McGrew. 2000. The Global Transformations Reader: An Introduction to the Global Debate. Great Britain: Polity Press.
162. Held, D., and A. McGrew 2000. ‘The Great Globalization Debate: An Introduction’. In Held, D., and A. McGrew (eds)., 1–48.
163. Hodgson, G. 1993. Economics and Evolution–Bringing Life Back into Economics. Ann Arbor, MI: Michigan University Press.
164. Holloway, S. L, and G. Valentine. 2003. Cyberkids: Children in the Information Age. London and New York: Routledge Falmer.
165. Hood, C. 2000. ‘Where the State of the Art Meets the Art of the State: Traditional Public- Bureaucracy Controls in the Information Age’. International Review of Public Administration 5(1): 1–12.
166. Hudock, A. C. 1999. NGOs and Civil Society: Democracy by Proxy? Cambridge, UK; Malden, MA: Polity Press.
167. Hudson, H. E. 2006. From rural village to global village: Telecommunications for development in the information age. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
168. Hunter, W. W. 1973. Orissa. London: Smith Elder.
169. Hutton, J. H. 1921. The Sema Naga. London: Macmillan.
170. Huyer, S., and T. Sikoska. 2003. ‘Overcoming the Gender Digital Divide: Understanding ICTs and Their Potential for the Empowerment of Women’. Synthesis Paper, Virtual Seminar Series on Gender and ICTs, United Nations International Research and Training Institute for the Advancement.
171. Indiresan, P. V. 1999. ‘Import Duty and the MNCs’. The Hindu, May 29.
172. Itzigshon, J. 2000. Developing Poverty: The State, Labour Market Deregulation and the Infomal Economy in Costa Rica and the Dominican Republic. Pennsylvania: The Pennsylvania State University Press.
173. Iversen, J. E., T. Vedel, and W. Werle. 2004. ‘Standardization and the Democratic design of Information and Communication Technology’. Knowledge, technology & Policy 17(2): 104–126.
174. Jafri, A., A. Dongre, V. N. Tripathi, A. Aggrawal, and S. Shrivastava. 2002. Information Communication Technologies and Governance: The Gyandoot Experiment in Dhar District of Madhya Pradesh, India. Working Paper160. London: Overseas Development Institute.
175. James, J. 2003. Bridging the Global Digital Divide. Cheltenham; Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar.
176. Jayakumar, R., G. Vijayaraghavan, and D. S. Sureshkumar (eds). 2001. Information Technology for Development: A Millennium Perspective. Thiruvananthapuram: STEC, Government of Kerala.
177. Jayaraman, K. S. 2002. ‘India Online’. Nature 415 (24): 358–9.
178. Jenkins, R. 2001. ‘Mistaking Governance for Politics: Foreign Aid, Democracy and Construction of Civil Society’. In S. Kaviraj and S. Khilnani (eds). pp. 250–68.
179. Jessop, B. 1990. State Theory: Putting the Capitalist State in its Place. Cambridge: Polity Press.
180. Jhunjhunwala, A. 2001. ‘Making the IT Revolution Work for Us’. Technology Day, IIT Chennai.
181. Jishnu, L., M. Anand, and P. Hari. 2001. ‘India's Great Digital Hope’. BusinessWorld, 21 May: 28–41.
182. Johnson, B. 1997. ‘Systems of Innovation: Overview and Basic Concepts’. In Systems of Innovation and Technologies, Institutions and Organizations. Edited by C. Edquist. London: Pinter, 36–40.
183. Jókay, K. Z. 2002. ‘Telecottages and the Modernization of Public Services in Hungary: The Case of the Village of Jászkísér’. In Public Management in the Central and Eastern European Transition: Concepts and Cases. Edited by G. Wright and J. Nemec, pp. 457–471, Bratislava: NISPACEE.
184. Jones, S. G. (ed.). 1995. Cybersociety: Computer-Mediated Communication and Community. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publication.
185. Joseph, K. J., and G. Parayil. 2008, January 5. ‘Can Trade Liberalisation Bridge the Digital Divide?’ Assessing the Information Technology Agreement. Economic & Political Weekly 43 (1): 46–53.
186. Joseph, S. 2001. ‘Democratic Good Governance: New Agenda for Change’. Economic and Political Weekly 36 (12): 1011–14.
187. Kaldor, M. 2003. Global Civil Society: An Answer to War. Cambridge: Polity Press.
188. Kanungo, S. 2004. ‘On the Emancipatory Role of Rural Information Systems’. Information Technology & People 17 (4): 407–422.
189. Kapoor, S. 2001. ‘M. S Swaminathan: Brain Food for the Masses’. Asiaweek 29 June: 35–36.
190. Karan, K. (ed.). 2006. Cyber communities in rural Asia: A study of seven countries. Singapore: AMIC/Marshall Cavendish.
191. Karat, P. 1984. ‘Action Groups/Voluntary Agencies: A Factor in Imperialist Strategy’. The Marxist 2(2): 19–54.
192. Katakam, A. 1999. ‘Towards E-Governance’. Frontline 16 (25): 78–80.
193. Kaul, M., N. Patel, and K. Shams. 1989. ‘New Information Technology Applications for Local Development in Asian and Pacifi c Countries’, Information Technology for Development 4 (1): 1–10.
194. Kaushik, P. D., and N. Singh. 2002. ‘Information Technology and Broad-Based Development: Preliminary Lessons from North India’. University of California Santa Cruz 2000–02 Working Paper Series No. 522. July.
195. Kaushik, P. D., and N. Singh. 2004. ‘Information Technology and Broad-Based Development: Preliminary Lessons from North India’. World Development 32 (4): 591–607.
196. Kaviraj, S. 2001. ‘In search of civil society’. In S. Kaviraj and S. Khilnani (eds), Civil Society: History and Possibilities. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 287–323.
197. Kaviraj, S., and S. Khilnani. 2001. Civil Society: History and Possibilities. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
198. Keane, J. 1988. Civil Society and the State: New European Perspectives. London: Verso.
199. Keeble, L., and B. D. Loader (eds). 2001. Community Informatics: Shaping Computer Mediated Social Relations. London and New York: Routledge.
200. Kendall, L. 2002. Hanging out in the virtual pub: Masculinities and relationships online. Berkeley: University of California Press.
201. Keniston, K, and D. Kumar (eds). 2004. IT Experience in India: Bridging the Digital Divide. New Delhi, Thousand Oaks and London: Sage.
202. Khan, F., and R. Ghadially. 2010. ‘Empowerment Through ICT Education, Access and Use: A Gender Analysis of Muslim Youth in India’. Journal of International Development 22(5): 659–673.
203. Khan, H. A. 1998. Technology, Development and Democracy: Limits of National Innovation Systems in the Age of Post-Modernism. Cheltenham and Northampton: Edward Elgar.
204. Khanna, R. 2001a. ‘TARAhaat at a Glance’. Development Alternatives News Letter 11 (7).
205. Khanna, R. 2001b. ‘TARAhaat: Achieving Connectivity for the Poor Case Study’. International Conference on Achieving Connectivity for the Rural Poor in India, Baramati, India, May 31 – June 3. http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTPOVERTY/Resources/335642–1124115102975/1555199–1124741378410/tarahaat.pdf
206. Kiely, R. 1998. ‘Neo liberalism Revised? A Critical Account of World Bank Concepts of Good Governance and Market Friendly Interventions’. Capital and Class 64: 63–88.
207. Kizza, J. M.1998. Civilizing the Internet: Global Concerns and Efforts Toward Regulation, London: Mc Farland and Company Inc. Publications.
208. Krikke, J. 2004. ‘WiLL to Transform Indian Telecoms’. Tele Dot Comm. www.indiantelephones. com/News/20040202_2.htm
209. Krishnakumar, A. 2001. ‘Changing Rural Lives’. Frontline 18 (24). www.fl onnet.com/fl 1824/18240990.htm
210. Kroker, A., and M. Kroker. 1997. Digital Delirium. New York: St. Martin's Press.
211. Ku, A. S. 2009. ‘Contradictions in the Development of Citizenship in Hong Kong – Governance Without Democracy’. Asian Survey 49 (3): 505–27.
212. Kumar, D. 2006. Information Technology and Social Change: A Study of Digital Divide in India, Jaipur: Rawat Publications.
213. Kumar, R. 2004. ‘eChoupals: A Study on the Financial Sustainability of Village Internet Centers in Rural Madhya Pradesh’. Information Technologies and International Development 2(1): 45–73.
214. Kumar, R. 2007. ‘Why Institutional Partnerships Matter: A Regional Innovation Systems Approach to Making the ICT for Development Projects More Successful and Sustainable’. Paper presented at the CPRSouth2 Conference, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, December 15–17, 2007.
215. Kuriyan, R., I. Ray, and K. Toyama 2008. ‘Information and Communication Technologies for Development: The Bottom of the Pyramid Model in Practice’. The Information Society 24 (2): 93–104.
216. Laishram, N. 2003. GSM Operators: United They Fight. www.voicendata.com
217. Lee, E. 1997. The Labour Movement and the Internet: The New Internationalism. London: Photo Press.
218. Leydesdorff, L. 2000. ‘The Triple Helix: An Evolutionary Model of Innovations’. Research Policy 29 (2): 243–55.
219. Licker, P. 2001. ‘Gift from the Gods? Components of Information Technological Fatalism. Determinism in Several Cultures’. Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries (EJISDC) 7(1): 1–17.
220. Lie, R. 2004. ‘ICTs for Agricultural Development. An Exercise in Interdisciplinarity’. International Conference Communication and Democracy: Perspectives for a New World, IAMCR (International Association for Media and Communication Research), 25–30 July, Porto Alegre, Brazil (http://umramap.cirad.fr/amap2/logiciels_amap/uploads/Documents/idao/ICT%20for%20agri%20dev-%20Rico.pdf)
221. Lim, S. S., and Nekmat, E. 2008. ‘Learning through “Prosuming”: Insights from Media Literacy Programmes in Asia’. Science Technology & Society 13(2): 259–278.
222. Lin, C. A., and D. J. Atkin (eds). (2007). Communication technology and social change: Theory and implications. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
223. Linden, A., and J. Fenn. 2002. ‘The Gartner 2002 Technology Radar Screen Gives You a Look Into the Future’. http://watch.state.wi.us/Home/links/gartner/g100902-Hype%20Cycle.pdf
224. Loader, B. 1999. Cyber Space Divide. London and New York: Routledge.
225. Long, N., and M. Villarreal. 1993. ‘Exploring Development Interface: From Transfer of Technology to Transformation of Meaning’. In Beyond the Impasse: New Directions in Development Theory, edited by F. J. Shuurman, pp. 140–158. London and New Jersey: Zed Books.
226. Lovink, G. 2007. Zero Comments: Blogging and Critical Internet Culture. New York: Routlegde.
227. Lovink, G., and S. Zehle (eds). 2005. Incommunicado Reader. The Netherlands: Institute of Network Cultures.
228. Lui, J. 2003. ‘The Simputer moves upmarket’. ZDNet, 6 November. www.zdnetasia.com/the-simputer-moves-upmarket-39156876.htm
229. Luke, T. W. 1998. ‘The Politics of Digital Equality: Access, Capability and Distribution in Cyberspace’. In The Politics of Cyberspace, edited by C. Toulouse, and T. W. Luke, pp. 120–43, New York and London: Routledge.
230. Lundvall, B. A. 1998. ‘Why Study National Systems and National Styles of Innovation’. Technology Analysis and Strategic Management 10(4): 407–21.
231. Madon, S. 2008. ‘Evaluating the Development Impact of E-Governance Initiatives: An Exploratory Framework’. In ICTs and Indian social change: diffusion, governance, poverty, eds. A. Saith, M. Vijayabaskar, and V. Gayathri, pp. 268–289 India: Sage Publications.
232. Madon, S. 2009. E-governance for Development: A Focus on Rural India. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
233. Magnet, S. 2007. ‘Feminist Sexualities, Race and the Internet: An Investigation of suicidegirls.com’. New Media & Society 9 (4): 577–602.
234. Mansell, R., and U. When (eds). 1998. Knowledge Societies: Information Technology for Sustainable Development. New York: Oxford University Press.
235. Margetts, H. 1999. Information technology in government: Britain and America. London and New York: Routledge.
236. Margetts, H. 2003. ‘Electronic Government: A Revolution in Public Administration’. In Handbook of public administration. Edited by B. G. Peters and J. Pierre. pp. 366–76 London, Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications.
237. Marglin, F. A., and S. A. Marglin (eds). 1996. DeColonizing Knowledge: From Development to Dialogue. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
238. Marglin, F. A., and S. A. Marglin 1990. Dominating Knowledge: Development, Culture and Resistance. Oxford, Clarendon Press.
239. Marglin, S. A. 1990. ‘Towards the Decolonization of Mind’. In Marglin, F.A. and S. A. Marglin (eds). pp. 1–27.
240. Mazzarella, W. 2010. ‘Beautiful Balloon: The Digital Divide and the Charisma of New Media in India’. American Ethnologist 37(4): 783–804.
241. McGuigan, J. 1999. Modernity and Postmodern Culture. Buckingham and Philadelphia: Open University Press.
242. Mencher, J. P. 1978. Agriculture and social structure in Tamil Nadu: past origins, present transformations, and future prospects. Durham, NC: Carolina Academic Press.
243. Mercer, C. 2004. ‘Engineering civil society: ICT in Tanzania’. Review of African Political Economy 31 (99): 49–64.
244. Metcalfe, J. S. 1997. ‘Technology Systems and Technology Policy in an Evolutionary Framework’. In Technology, Globalization and Economic Performance. Edited by D. Archibugi and J. Michie. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 268–96.
245. Mitchell, W. J. 2000. E-topia: Urban lLife, Jim–But Not as We Know It. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
246. Molloy, A., C. McFeely, and E. Connolly. 1999. Building a Social Economy for a New Millennium. Derry, Guildhall Press/NICDA.
247. Montgomery, J. D., and A. Inkeles. 2000. Social capital as a Policy Resource. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
248. Moore, N. 1998. ‘Confucius or capitalism? Policies for an information society’, in B. Loader (ed), Cyberspace Divide: Equality, Agency and Policy in the Information Society. London and New York: Routledge, pp. 149–160.
249. Morahan-Martin, J. 2000. ‘Women and the Internet: Promise and Perils’. CyberPsychology and Behavior 3(5): 683–691.
250. MSSRF (M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation). n.d. ‘Assessment of Impact of Information Technology on Rural Areas of India’ http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/fi les/5870/10352133010india.pdf/india.pdf
251. MSSRF (M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation).2000. ‘Reaching the unreached: Village Knowledge Centres in Pondicherry for Sustainable Food Security’. Video Documentary, Chennai, Tamil Nadu: Produced by A.K Films.
252. MSSRF (M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation).2001.Eleventh Annual Report, M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation. Chennai; Chennai: Reliance printers.
253. MSSRF (M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation).2002. Twelfth Annual Report, M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, Chenna: Chennai: Reliance printers.
254. Mukhopadhyay, S., and V. B. Kamble. 2006. Information and Communication Tecnology (ICT) and Gender. New Delhi: VigyanPrasar, Department of Science and Technology.
255. Mukhopadhyay, S., and R. Nandi. 2007. ‘Unpacking the Assumption of Gender Neutrality: Akshaya Project of the Kerala IT Mission in India’. Gender Technology and Development, 11 (2): 75–95.
256. Murray, B. 2001. ‘The Hungarian Telecottage Movement’. In Telecentres: Case Studies and key issues. Edited By C. Latchem and D. Walker, pp. 53–64. Vancouver: The Commonwealth of Learning.
257. Murray, B., C. Murray, and S. Brooks. 2001. ‘Training Telecentre Managers, Staff and Users’. In Telecentres: Case studies and Key Issues, edited by C. Latchem, and D. Walker, pp. 197–212. Canada: The Commonwealth of Learning.
258. Nair, J. 2000. ‘Singapore is not Bangalore's Destiny’. Economic and Political Weekly 35 (18): 1512–1514.
259. Nair, M., and T. M. A. Sharaffadeen. 2009. ‘Managing Innovation in the Network Economy: Lessons for Countries in the Asia Pacifi c Region’. In Digital Review of Asia Pacifi c 2009– 2010, edited by S. Akhtar and P. Arinto, pp. 25–42. New Delhi: Sage Publications.
260. Nalini, R., ed. 2007. Digital Culture Unplugged: Probing the Native Cyborg's Multiple Locations. London, New York, New Delhi: Routledge.
261. Navarria, G. 2006. ‘The Three Faces of Government in the Age of the Internet and the Future of Activism Within a Condition of Shared Weaknesses’. EastBound 1 (1): 124–152.
262. Negroponte, N. 1995. Being Digital. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
263. Ng, C., and S. Mitter (eds). 2005. Gender and the Digital Economy: Perspectives from the Developing World. New Delhi: Sage.
264. Noronha, F. 2003. ‘Simputer: Computers for the Poor or an Idealistic Dream?’ Scidev.net, July 11.
265. Omvedt, G. 1981. ‘Capitalist Agriculture and Rural Classes in India’. Economic and Political Weekly, 16 (52): A-140-A-159.
266. O’Neil, D. 2002. ‘Assessing Community Informatics: A Review of Methodological Approaches for Evaluating Community Networks and Community Technology Centers’. Internet Research 12 (1): 76–102.
267. Palackal, A., and W. Shrum (eds). 2007. Information Society and Development: The Kerala Experience. Jaipur: Rawat Publications.
268. PANTLEG. 1999. ‘Success Stories of Rural ICTs in a Developing Country’. Report of the PANAsia Telecenter Learning and Evaluation Group's Mission to India, involving visits to the Foundation of Occupational Development and the M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, November. http://idlbnc.idrc.ca/dspace/bitstream/10625/35581/1/127462. pdf
269. Parayil, G. 2005. ‘The Digital Divide and Increasing Returns: Contradictions of Informational Capitalism’. The Information Society 21(1): 41–51.
270. Parayil, G., and T. T. Sreekumar. 2004. ‘Industrial Development and the Dynamics of Innovation in Hong Kong’. International Journal of Technology Management 27(4): 369–392.
271. Parfi tt, T. 2002. The End of Development: Modernity, Post Modernity and Development. London and Sterling: Pluto Press.
272. Parthasarathy, B., and J. Srinivasan. 2008. ‘How the Development of ICT Affects ICT for Development: Social Contestation in the Shaping of Standards for the Information Age’. Science, Technology & Society 13(2): 279–301.
273. Parthasarathy, B. 2004. ‘India's Silicon Valley or Silicon Valley's India?: Socially Embedding the Computer Software Industry in Bangalore’. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 28(3): 664–685.
274. Patnaik, U. (ed.). 1990. Agrarian relations and accumulation: the ‘mode of production’ debate in India. Bombay, Oxford: Published for Sameeksha Trust by Oxford University Press.
275. Patnaik, U. (ed.). 1971. ‘Capitalist Development in Agriculture: A Note’. Economic and Political Weekly, 6(39) : A-123-A-13.
276. Patra, R., J. Pal, and S. Neduvezchi, 2009. ICTD State of the Union: Where have we reached and where are we headed. Proceedings of the International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development (ICTD 2009): pp. 357–366, Doha, Qatar.
277. Peizer, J. 2005. The Dynamics of Technology for Social Change. Lincoln, NE: iUniverse.
278. Pelczynski, Z. A. 1988. ‘Solidarity and the rebirth of Civil Society in Poland’, 1976–81. In J. Keane (ed.)., pp. 361–380.
279. Peterson, C., V. Sandell, and A. Lawlor. 2001. What Works: TARAhaat's Portal for Rural India, World Resources Institute. www.digitaldividend.org/pdf/tarahaat.pdf
280. Petras, J. 1999a. ‘Globalization: A Critical Analysis’. Journal of Contemporary Asia 29(1): 3–37.
281. Petras, J. 1999b. ‘NGOs in the Service of Imperialism’. Journal of Contemporary Asia 29(4): 429–440.
282. Phillips, R. 2000. ‘Approaching the Organization of Economic Activity in the Age of Cross-Border Alliance Capitalism’. In R. Palan (ed.),: 36–52.
283. Pick, J. B., and K. Gollakota. 2010. “Technology for Rural Telecenters In India: A Model and Exploratory Study of Diffusion of Information For Telecenter Use and Sustainability”. AMCIS 2010 Proceedings.Paper 550. URL: http://aisel.aisnet.org/amcis2010/550
284. Pickerill, J. 2001. ‘Weaving a Green Web: Environmental Protest and Computer Mediate rotest in Britain’. In Culture and Politics in the Information Age: A New Politics?, edited by F. Webster, pp. 142–166. London and New York: Routledge.
285. Pieterse, J.N. 2000. Trends in Development Theory. In Global Political Economy: Contemporary Theories, ed. R. Palan, pp. 197–214. London and New York: Routledge.
286. Pieterse, J.N. 2005. ‘Digital Capitalism and Development: The Unbearable Lightness of ICT4D’. In Incommunicado Reader, edited by G. Lovink and S. Zehle, pp. 11–29. The Netherlands: Institute of Network Cultures.
287. Prahalad, C. K. 2005. The Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Wharton School Publishing.
288. Prahalad, C. K., and, A. Hammond. 2002. ‘Serving the World's poor, Profi tably’. Harvard Business Review. 80(9): 48–58.
289. Pringle, I., and S. Subramanian (eds). 2004. Projects and Experiences in ICT Innovation for Poverty Reduction. New Delhi: UNESCO.
290. Prins, J. E. J., M. M. Eifert, C. Girot, M. Groothuis, and W. J. M. Voermans. 2002. E-government and its Implications for Administrative Law: Regulatory Initiatives in France, Germany, Norway and the United States. The Hague: Asser Press.
291. Putnam, R. 1993. Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
292. Putnam, R. 1995. ‘Bowling Alone: America's Declining Social Capital’. Journal of Democracy 6: 65–78.
293. Qureshi, I. 2001. ‘Simputer to Help Tribals Learn’. Indo-Asian News Service. http://archive.apnic.net/mailing-lists/s-asia-it/archive/2001/09/msg00021.html
294. Qvortrup, L., C. Ancelin, J. Frawley, J. Hartly, F. Pichault, and P. Pop. 1985. Social Experiments with Information Technology and the Challenges of Innovation. Dordrecht: D. Reidel Publishing.
295. Radhakrishnan, S. 2007. ‘Rethinking knowledge for development: Transnational knowledge professionals and the “new” India’. Theory & Society 36 (2): 141–159.
296. Raj, J. V. P. 1998. ‘Globalization and its Impacts’. Resource material for the Strategic Planning Process for the Trocaire Partners in Tamilnadu, facilitated by ADECOM, Pondicherry and KSA, Bangalore. Issued by Indian National Social Action Forum (INSAF), Pondicherry Unit.
297. Rajan, N. (ed). 2007. Digital Culture Unplugged: Probing the native Cyborg's Multiple Locations. London, New York, New Delhi: Routledge.
298. Rajora, R. Bridging the Digital Divide: Gyandoot Model for Community Networks. New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company.
299. Ramachandraiah, C. 2003. Information Technology and Social Development. Economic and Political Weekly 38(12–13): 1192–7.
300. Ramachandraiah, C., and V. K. Bawa. 2000. ‘Hyderabad in the Changing Political Economy’. Journal of Contemporary Asia 30 (4): 562–74.
301. Ramilo, C. G., and C. Cinco. 2005. Gender Evaluation Methodology for Internet and ICTs: A Learning Tool For Change And Empowerment. Melville, South Africa: APC.
302. Rangaswamy, N. 2006. ‘Social Entrepreneurship as Critical Agency: A study of rural internet kiosks’. Proceedings of the 2006 International Conference on Information and Communications Technologies and Development, Berkeley, May 25–26, pp. 143–152.
303. Ray, A. 2007.Naked on the Internet: Hookups, Downloads, and Cashing in on Internet Sexploration. Berkeley, CA: Seal Press.
304. Remesh, P. B. 2008. ‘Work Organisation, Control and Empowerment’. In C. Upadhya and A. R. Vasavi (eds), Berkeley, CA: Seal Press, 190–210.
305. Rheingold, H. 1993. The Virtual Community: Homesteading on the Electronic Frontier. Reading, Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley.
306. Rheingold, H. 2000. The Virtual Community: Homesteading on the Electronic Frontier (2nd Edition). Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press.
307. Richardson, D., R. Ramirez, and M. Haq. 2000. Grameen Telecom's Village Phone Programme in Rural Bangladesh: A Multi-Media Case Study. Canada: Canadian International Development Agency.
308. Robins, K. 1996. ‘Cyberspace and the World We Live In’. In Fractal Dreams: New Media in Social Context, ed. J. Dovey, pp. 1–30. London: Lawrence and Wishart.
309. Robins, K. 1999. ‘Foreclosing the City? The Bad Idea of Virtual Urbanism’. In Technocities, edited by J. Downey and J. McGuigan, pp. 34–59. London: Sage Publications.
310. Robins, K., and F. Webster. 1988. ‘Athens without Slaves… or Slaves without Athens? The Neurosis of Technology’. Science as Culture 3: 7–53.
311. Robins, K., and F. Webster. 1983. ‘Luddism, New Technology and Critique of Political Economy’. In Science Technology and the Labor Process: Volume 2, eds. L. Levodow, and B. Young, pp. 9–48. Atlantic Highlands, NJ.: Humanities Press.
312. Rogers E. M., and P. Shukla. 2001. ‘The Role of Telecentres in Development Communication and the Digital Divide’. Journal of Development Communication (Special Issue on Telecentres) 12[2]. http://ip.cals.cornell.edu/commdev/documents/jdc-rogers.doc
313. Roman, R., and R. Colle. 2002. ‘Themes and Issues in Telecentre Sustainability’. Paper no. 10, Working Paper Series, Institute for Development Policy and Management University of Manchester, Precinct Centre, Manchester, M13 9GH, UK.
314. Rosenberg, N. 1976. “Marx as a student of Technology’. Monthly Review 28: 56–77.
315. Rostow, W. W. 1960. The Stages of Economic Growth: A Non-Communist Manifesto. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
316. Rothenberg-Aalami, J., and J. Pal. 2005. ‘Rural Telecenter Impact Assessments and the Political Economy of ICT for Development’. Berkeley Roundtable on the International Economy (BRIE), Working Paper No. 164, University of California, Berkeley.
317. Roy, A.1999. The Cost of Living. New York: Modern Library.
318. Roy, S. 2005. Globalisation, ICT and Developing Nations. New Delhi: Sage.
319. Rudra, A. 1970. In ‘Search of the Capitalist Farmer’. Economic and Political Weekly 5 (26): A-85-A-87.
320. Sahay, S. 2002. Tribal Women in the New Profi le: Vis-à-Vis their Non-Tribal Twins. New Delhi: Anmol.
321. Saith, A. 2008. ‘ICTs and Poverty Alleviation: Hope or Hype?’ In ICTs and Indian Social Change: Diffusion, gGovernance, Poverty, edited by A. Saith M. Vijayabaskar, and V. Gayathri, pp.113–159 Sage, India.
322. San Miguel, S.2001. ‘Connecting Rural India to the Internet: The Challenges of Using VSAT Technology’ [Case study from Development Alternatives (DA)]. www.sdcn.org/webworks/cases/vsat_da1.htm
323. Sandoval, C. 1995. ‘New Sciences: Cyborg Feminism and the Methodology of the Oppressed’. In The Cyborg Handbook. Edited by C. H. Gray. New York: Routledge.
324. Sanjay, A. K., and V. Gupta. 2003. Gyandoot: Trying to Improve Government Services for Rural Citizens in India. eGovernment for Development- eTransparency Case Study No.11. http://www.egov4dev.org/transparency/case/gyandoot.shtml
325. Sarukkai, S. 2008. ‘Culture of Technology and ICTs’. In ICTs and Indian Social Change: Diffusion, Governance, Poverty, edited by A. Saith, M. Vijayabaskar, and V. Gayathri, pp. 34–58 India: Sage Publications.
326. Sau, R. 1984. ‘Development of Capitalism in India’. Economic and Political Weekly 19 (30): PE-73-PE-80.
327. Sawhney, H. 2009. ‘Innovations at the Edge: The impact of Mobile Technologies on the Character of the Internet’. In From telecommunication to Media, edited by G. Goggin, and L. Hjorth, pp. 105–117. New York: Routledge.
328. Saxena, A. 2009. ‘Gender Evaluation of EgramSuraj (e-good governance) Scheme of Chhattisgarh State’, 12th national Conference on e-Governance, Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances, Government of India. Goa: February 12–13.
329. Saxena, N. 2001. ‘Leading Manufacturers in Race for Simputer’. Economic Times May 13.
330. Scholte, J. A. 2000. ‘Global Civil Society’, in N. Woods (ed.) Economic Times May 13, pp. 173–201.
331. Schön D., B. Sanyal, and W. J. Mitchel (eds). 1998. High Technology and Low Income Communities. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
332. Schwittay, A. 2008. ‘A Living Lab: Corporate Delivery of ICTs in Rural India’. Science Technology & Society 13(2): 175–209.
333. Scott, A., and M. Page. 2001. ‘Change, Agency and Woman's Learning: New Practices in Community Informatics’, in Community Informatics. Edited by L. Keeble and B. Loader. London: Routledge, pp. 149–94.
334. Sein, M. K., and G. Harindranath. 2004. ‘Conceptualizing the ICT Artifact: Toward Understanding the Role of ICT in National Development’. The Information Society 20(1): 15–24.
335. Sen, A. K. 1989. Food and Freedom. World Development 17: 769–81.
336. Sen, A. K. 1999. Development as Freedom. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
337. Sen, A.K., and M. Nussbaum (eds). 1993. The Quality of Life. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
338. Senthilkumaran, S., and S. Arunachalam. 2002. ‘Expanding the Village Knowledge Centres in Pondicherry’. Regional Development Dialogue 23 (2): 65–88.
339. Shade, L. R. 2002. Gender and Community in the Social Construction of the Internet. New York: Peter Lang.
340. Shafir, G. (ed.). 1998. The Citizenship Debates: A Reader. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
341. Sharif, N. 2010. ‘Rhetoric of Innovation Policy Making in Hong Kong Using the Innovation Systems Conceptual Approach’. Science Technology & Human Values 35(3): 408–434.
342. Sharma, U. 2003. Women Empowerment through Information Technologies. New Delhi: Authors Press.
343. Shils, E. 1997. The virtue of Civility: Selected Essays on Liberalism, Tradition, and Civil Society. Indianapolis, Ind.: Liberty Fund.
344. Shiva, V. 1991. The Violence of the Green Revolution: Third World Agriculture, Ecology, and Politics. London: Zed Books.
345. Short, G., and C. Latchem. 2000. ‘The Australian Telecentre Experience’. In Telecenters Around the World. Edited by W. Murray. Geneva: International Telecommunication Union.
346. Shrum, W. 2005. ‘Social Engineering of the Internet in Developing Areas’. In Education and the Knowledge Society: Information Technology Supporting Human Development, edited by T. J. van Weert, pp. 213–221. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
347. Singh, A. K., and C. Rajyalakshmi. 1993. ‘Status of Tribal Women in India’. Social Change 23(4): 3–18.
348. Singh, N. 2004. ‘Information Technology and Rural Development in India’. UC Santa Cruz Economics Working Paper No. 563. SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=523823
349. Slater, D. 1987. ‘On Development Theory and Warren Thesis: Arguments Against the Predominance of Economism’. Environment and Planning 5: 263–82.
350. Smith, P. J., and E. Smythe. 2001. ‘Globalisation, Citizenship and Technology: The Multilateral Agreement on Investment (MAI) meets the Internet’. In F. Webster (ed.).
351. Sokolova, M. 2006. ‘Improving Quality of eGov Strategies in Belarus, Ukraine and Lithuania through Citizens’ Participation in eGov Planning’. Open Society Institute, Center for Policy Studies, Central European University. http://pdc.ceu.hu/archive/00002840039
352. Solow, R. M. 1956. ‘A Contribution to the Theory of Economic Growth’. Quarterly Journal of Economics 70 (February): 69–94.
353. Sood, A. D. 2001. A Social Investor's Guide to ICTs for Development. Bangalore: Centre for Knowledge societies and Charities Aid Foundation India.
354. Sood, A. D. 2003. ‘Information Nodes in Rural Landscape’. i4d-Information for Development 1(1): 14–21.
355. Sparks, C. 1994. ‘Civil Society and Information Society as Guarantors of Progress’. In Information Society and Civil Society: Perspectives on the Changing World Order. S. Splichel, A. Calabrese, and C. Spark, 9 (eds), pp. 21–49. West Lafayatte, IN: Purdue University Press.
356. Spender, D. 1995. Nattering on the Net: Women, Power and Cyberspace. Melbourne, Spinifex Press.
357. Spivak, G. C. 2008. ‘Megacity-1997: Testing Theory in Cities’. In Other Asias, pp. 161–74. Maiden US, Oxford UK and Victoria, Australia: Blackwell.
358. Sreekumar, T. T. 2002. ‘Civil Society and ICT-Based Models of Rural Change: History, Rhetoric and Practice’. Paper presented at the International Seminar on ‘ICTS for Indian Development: Processes, Prognosis and Policies’, December 9–11, Bangalore.
359. Sreekumar, T. T. 2003. ‘De-hyping ICTs: ICT innovations by Civil Society Organizations in Rural India’. i4d-Information for Development 1(1): 22–27.
360. Sreekumar, T. T. 2006. ‘ICTs for the Poor: Civil Society and Cyberlibertarian Developmentalism in Rural India’. In Political Economy & Information Capitalism in India Digital Divide, Development Divide and Equity, edited by G. Parayil, pp. 51–87. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
361. Sreekumar, T. T. 2007a. ‘Decrypting E-Governance: Narratives, Power Play and Participation in the Gyandoot Intranet’. Electronic Journal of Information Systems for Developing Countries 32, 1–24.
362. Sreekumar, T. T. 2007b. ‘Cyber Kiosks and Dilemmas of Social Inclusion in Rural India’. Media, Culture & Society 29 (6): 869–889.
363. Sreekumar, T. T. 2007c. ‘ICTs for Governance and Development: A Critical Review of Kerala's Recent Experiences’. In Information Society and Development: The Kerala Experience. edited by by A. Palackal and W. Shrum, pp. 109–132. Jaipur: Rawat Publications.
364. Sreekumar, T. T. 2010. ‘From ICTs to Innovations: Social and Cultural Imperatives in Developing Countries’. (Special Article) ICT World Today. Spring: 4–7.
365. Sreekumar, T. T., and M. Rivera-Sánchez. 2008. ‘ICTs and Development: Revisiting the Asian Experience’. Science, Technology & Society 13(2): 159–174.
366. Sriramesh, K., and M. Rivera-Sánchez, 2006. ‘E-Government in a Corporatist, Communitarian Society: The Case of Singapore’. New Media and Society 8(5): 707–30.
367. Standage, T. 1998. The Victorian Internet. New York: Walker and Company.
368. Staudenmaier, J. M. 1985. Technologies Story Tellers: Reweaving the Human Fabric. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
369. Sterling, B. 2001. ‘The Year in Ideas: A to Z.; Simputer’. The New York Times, December 9.
370. Sutcliffe, B. 1999. ‘The Place of Development in Theories of Imperialism and Globalization’. In Critical Development Theory: Contributions to a New Paradigm, edited by R. Munck and D. O’Hearn, pp. 135–154. London and New York: Zed Books.
371. Tehranian, M. 1990. Technologies of Power: Information Machines and Democratic Prospects. Norwood, NJ: Ablex Publishing Corporation.
372. Terry, A., and R. Gomez. 2010. ‘Gender and Public Access Computing: An International Perspective’. The Electronic Journal on Information Systems in Developing Countries (EJISDC) 43 (5): 1–17.
373. Tismaneanu, V. 1990. ‘Eastern Europe: The Story the Media Missed’. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 46 (2) March. www.thebulletin.org/issues/1990/mar90/mar90tismaneanu.html
374. Tiwari, M., and U. Sharmistha. 2008. ‘ICTs in Rural India: User Perspective Study of Two Different Models in Madhya Pradesh and Bihar’. Science, Technology & Society 13: 2: 233–58.
375. Thomas, J. J., and G. Parayil. 2008. ‘Bridging the Social and Digital Divides in Andhra Pradesh and Kerala: A Capabilities Approach’. Development and Change 39(3): 409–435.
376. Thompson, M. 2004. ‘Discourse, Development and the Digital Divide: ICTs and the World Bank’. Review of African Political Economy 31(99): 103–123.
377. Tonnies, F. [1887]. 2002. Community and Society. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications.
378. Townsend, J. 1993. ‘Gender Studies: Whose Agenda?’ In Shcuurman F. J. (ed.), pp. 169–86.
379. Toyama, K., and K. Keniston. 2008. ‘Telecenter Debates’. Telecentre Magazine 2 (1): 31–33.
380. TRAI (Telecom Regulatory Authority of India). 2000. ‘Policy Relating to Limited Mobility by Use of Wireless in Local Loop Techniques in the Access Network by Basic Service Providers’. Consultation Paper No. 2000/5FN. www.trai.gov.wllcp.htm
381. Tripathy, S. N. (ed.). 2002. Tribal Women in India. New Delhi: Mohit Publications.
382. Turkle, S. 1995. Life on the Screen: Identity in the Age of the Internet. New York: Simon & Schuster.
383. UNDP [United Nations Development Programme]. 1999. Human Development Report 1999. New York: Oxford University Press.
384. UNDP. 2000. Human Development Report 2000. New York: Oxford University Press.
385. United Nations.1999. Economic and Social Survey of Asia and the Pacifi c 1999. New York: UN Publications.
386. Upadhyay, C., and A. R. Vasavi (eds). 2008. In an Outpost of Global Economy: Work and Workers in India's Information Technology. Routledge: New York.
387. Urry, J. 1981. The Anatomy of Capitalist Societies: The Economy, Civil Society, and the State. London: Macmillan.
388. Van Thiel, S. (2001) Quangos: Trends, Causes and Consequences. Aldershot: Ashgate.
389. Vasagam, R. M. 1999. ‘Internet Kiosks: Tamil Nadu leads the way’. Voices for Change 3(3): 23–24.
390. Virilio, P. 1995. The Art of the Motor. Trans. Julie Rose. Minneapolis and London: University of Minnesota Press.
391. Virilio, P. 1999. Politics of the Very Worst: An Interview by Philippe Petit. Translated by M. Cavaliere, edited by S. Lotringer. New York: Semiotext(e). 2000. The Information Bomb. New York: Verso.
392. Visaria, P., and L. Visaria. 1985. ‘Indian Households with Female Heads: Their Incidence, Characteristics and Levels of Living’. In Tyranny of the Household. Edited by D. Jain, and N. Banerjee. New Delhi: Shakti Books.
393. Vittal, N. 2001. ‘E-Development Enabling Communities to Shape their Future: The Indian Perspective’. In Jayakumar, R. et al., pp. 1–30.
394. Wade, R. H. 2002. ‘Bridging the Digital Divide: New Route to Development or New Form of Dependency?’ Global Governance 8(4): 443–466.
395. Wajcman, J. 2004. TechnoFeminism, Polity Press, Cambridge, UK.
396. Wajcman, J., and L. A. Pham Lobb. 2007. ‘The Gender Relations of Software Work in Vietnam’. Gender, Technology and Development 11(1): 1–26.
397. Walker, A., and C. Walker (eds). 1997. Britain Divided: The Growth of Social Exclusion in the 1980s and 1990s. London: Child Poverty Action Group.
398. Walsham, G. 2010. ICTs for the Broader Development of India: An Analysis of the Literature‘’. The Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries, 41. www.ejisdc.org.
399. Walsham, G., and S. Sahay. 2006. ‘Research on Information Systems in Developing Countries: Current Landscape and Future Prospects’. Information Technology for Development 12(1): 7–24.
400. Walzer, M. ‘The Civil Society Argument’. In Shafi r, G. (ed.), pp. 89–95.
401. Webb, J., T. Schirato, and G. Danaher. 2002. Understanding Bourdieu. London, Thousand Oaks and New Delhi: Sage Publications.
402. Weber, S., and J. Bussell. 2005. ‘Will Information Technology Reshape the North-South Asymmetry of Power in the Global Political Economy?’. Studies in Comparative International Development 40 (2): 62–84.
403. Webster, F. 1999. ‘Information and Communications Technologies: Luddism Revisited’. In Technocities, edited by. J. Downey and J. McGuigan, pp. 60–89. London: Sage Publications.
404. Wellman, B. 2001. Physical Place and Cyberplace: The Rise of Personalised Networking. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 25(2): 227–252.
405. Wellman, B., ed. 1999. Networks in the Global Village: Life in Contemporary Communities. Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press.
406. Wesolowski, W. 1995. The Nature of Social Ties and the Future of Postcommunist Society: Poland after Solidarity. In Hall, J., ed., pp. 110–224.
407. Williams, M. 2001. Contextualism, Externalism and Epistemic Standards. Philosophical Studies 103: 1–23.
408. Wolmark, J. ed. 2000. CyberSexualities: A Reader on Feminist Theory, Cyborgs and Cyberspace. Edinburgh, UK: U of Edinburgh Press.
409. Woods, N., ed. 2000. The Political Economy of Globalization. London: Macmillan.
410. Woolgar, S., ed. 2002. Virtual Society? Technology, Cyberbole, Reality. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
411. World Bank. 1992. Governance and Development: Washington: World Bank.
412. World Bank. 2000. Quality of Growth, New York: Oxford University.
413. Yates, D. J., G. J. Gulati, A. Tawileh. 2010. Explaining the Global Digital Divide: The Impact of Public Policy Initiatives on Digital Opportunity and ICT Development. HICSS, pp.1–10, 2010 43rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. http://doi.ieeecomputersociety. org/10.1109/HICSS.2010.196
414. Young, G. 2002. Closing the Gaps: Women, Communications and Technology. Development 45(4): 23–8.