On the relation of mind wandering and ADHD symptomatology

Psychonomic Bulletin and Review

Volumn 22, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 629-636

  Seli, Paul ^a   Smallwood, Jonathan ^b   Cheyne, James Allan ^a   Smilek, Daniel ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF YORK   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

ADHD; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Deliberate mind wandering; Mind wandering; Spontaneous mind wandering

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ATTENTION; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER; COGNITION; EXECUTIVE FUNCTION; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; YOUNG ADULT;

ADULT; ATTENTION; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER WITH HYPERACTIVITY; EXECUTIVE FUNCTION; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; VOLITION; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84939976019     PISSN: 10699384     EISSN: 15315320     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3758/s13423-014-0793-0     Document Type: Review

References (48)

1. Adler, L. A., Spencer, T., Faraone, S. V., Kessler, R. C., Howes, M. J., Biederman, J., & Secnik, K. (2006). Validity of pilot adult ADHD self-report scale (ASRS) to rate adult ADHD Symptoms. Annals of Clinical Psychiatry, 18, 145–148.
2. Baird, B., Smallwood, J., Mrazek, M. D., Kam, J. W., Franklin, M. S., & Schooler, J. W. (2012). Inspired by distraction mind wandering facilitates creative incubation. Psychological Science, 23, 1117–1122.
3. Barkley, R. A., & Fischer, M. (2011). Predicting impairment in major life activities and occupational functioning in hyperactive children as adults: Self-reported executive function (EF) deficits versus EF tests. Developmental Neuropsychology, 36, 137–161.
4. Barkley, R. A. (1997). Behavioral inhibition, sustained attention, and executive functions: constructing a unifying theory of ADHD. Psychological Bulletin, 121, 65–94.
5. Barkley, R. A., Fischer, M., Edelbrock, C. S., & Smallish, L. (1990). The adolescent outcome of hyperactive children diagnosed by research criteria: I. An 8-year prospective follow-up study. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 29, 546–557.
6. Barkley, R. A., Koplowitz, S., Anderson, T., & McMurray, M. B. (1997). Sense of time in children with ADHD: Effects of duration, distraction, and stimulant medication. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 3, 359–369.
7. Barron, E., Riby, L. M., Greer, J., & Smallwood, J. (2011). Absorbed in thought the effect of mind wandering on the processing of relevant and irrelevant events. Psychological Science, 22, 596–601.
8. Carriere, J. S. A., Seli, P., & Smilek, D. (2013). Wandering in both mind and body: Individual differences in self-reported mind wandering and inattention predict fidgeting. Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology, 67, 19–31.
9. Cheyne, J. A., Solman, G. J. F., Carriere, J. S. A., & Smilek, D. (2009). Anatomy of an error: A bidirectional state model of task engagement/disengagement and attention-related errors. Cognition, 111, 98–113.
10. DeShazo, B. T., Lyman, R. D., & Klinger, L. G. (2002). Academic underachievement and attentiondeficit/ hyperactivity disorder: the negative impact of symptom severity on school performance. Journal of School Psychology, 40, 259–283.
11. Douglas, V. I. (1983). Attention and cognitive problems. In M. Rutter (Ed.), Developmental neuropsychiatry (pp. 280–329). New York: Guilford Press.
12. Fergusson, D. M., & Horwood, L. J. (1995). Early disruptive behavior, IQ, and later school achievement and delinquent behavior. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 23, 183–199.
13. Franklin, M.S., Mrazek, M.D., Anderson, C.L., Smallwood., J., Kingstone, A., & Schooler., J.W. (in press). Tracking distraction: The relationship between mind-wandering, meta-awareness, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptomatology.
14. Giambra, L. M. (1989). Task-unrelated thought frequency as a function of age: A laboratory study. Psychology and Aging, 4, 136–143.
15. Gorgolewski, K. J., Lurie, D., Urchs, S., Kipping, J. A., Craddock, R. C., Milham, M. P., … & Smallwood, J. (2014). A correspondence between individual differences in the brain's intrinsic functional architecture and the content and form of self-generated thoughts. PloS One. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097176
16. Hinshaw, S. P. (1992). Academic underachievement, attention deficits, and aggression: comorbidity and implications for intervention. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 60, 893–903.
17. Hinshaw, S. P. (1994). Externalizing behavior problems and academic underachievement in childhood and adolescence: causal relationships and underlying mechanisms. Psychological Bulletin, 111, 127–155.
18. Johnston, C., Mash, E. J., Miller, N., & Ninowski, J. E. (2012). Parenting in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Clinical Psychology Review, 32, 215–228.
19. Kane, M. J., Brown, L. H., McVay, J. C., Silvia, P. J., Myin-Germeys, I., & Kwapil, T. R. (2007). For whom the mind wanders, and when an experience-sampling study of working memory and executive control in daily life. Psychological Science, 18, 614–621.
20. Kaufman, S. B., & Singer, J. L. (2011, December 22). The origins of positive-constructive daydreaming [Web log comment]. Retrieved from http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/guest-blog/2011/12/22/the-origins-of-positive-constructive-daydreaming/
21. Kessler, R. C., Adler, L. A., Barkley, R., Biederman, J., Conners, C. K., Faraone, S. V., … Zaslavsky, A. M. (2005). Patterns and predictors of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder persistence into adulthood: Results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Biological Psychiatry, 57, 1442–1451.
22. Killingsworth, M. A., & Gilbert, D. T. (2010). A wandering mind is an unhappy mind. Science, 330, 932–932.
23. Knowles, D., & Tay, R. (2002). Driver inattention: More risky than the fatal four? (pp. 377–392). Adelaide, SA: Proceedings of the 2002 Road Safety Research, Policing and Education Conference.
24. Krause, J., Krause, K.-H., Dresel, S. H., la Fougere, C., & Ackenheil, M. (2006). ADHD in adolescence and adulthood, with a special focus on the dopamine transporter and nicotine. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 8, 29–36.
25. Mannuzza, S., Castellanos, F. X., Roizen, E. R., Hutchison, J. A., Lashua, E. C., & Klein, R. G. (2011). Impact of the impairment criterion in the diagnosis of adult ADHD: 33-year follow-up study of boys With ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders, 15, 122–129.
26. McVay, J. C., & Kane, M. J. (2009). Conducting the train of thought: working memory capacity, goal neglect, and mind wandering in an executive–control task. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 35, 196–204.
27. Nigg, J. T., Butler, K. M., Huang-Pollock, C. L., & Henderson, J. M. (2002). Inhibitory processes in adults with persistent childhood onset ADHD. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 70, 153–157.
28. Ottaviani, C., Shapiro, D., & Couyoumdjian, A. (2013). Flexibility as the key for somatic health: From mind wandering to perseverative cognition. Biological Psychology, 94, 38–43.
29. Overbey, G. A., Snell, W. E., & Callis, K. E. (2011). Subclinical ADHD, stress, and coping in romantic relationships of university students. Journal of Attention Disorders, 15, 67–78.
30. Pashler, H., & Wagenmakers, E. J. (2012). Editors’ Introduction to the Special Section on Replicability in Psychological Science A Crisis of Confidence? Perspectives on Psychological Science, 7, 528–530.
31. Polanczyk, G., & Rohde, L. A. (2007). Epidemiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder across the lifespan. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 20, 386–392.
32. Risko, E. F., Anderson, N., Sarwal, A., Engelhardt, M., & Kingstone, A. (2012). Everyday attention: Variation in mind wandering and memory in a lecture. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 26, 234–242.
33. Ruby, F. J., Smallwood, J., Engen, H., & Singer, T. (2013). How self-generated thought shapes mood—the relation between mind-wandering and mood depends on the socio-temporal content of thoughts. PLoS ONE. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0077554
34. Schooler, J. W. (2002). Re-representing consciousness: Dissociations between experience and meta-consciousness. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 6, 339–344.
35. Seli, P., Carriere, J. S., Levene, M., & Smilek, D. (2013a). How few and far between? Examining the effects of probe rate on self-reported mind wandering. Frontiers in Psychology. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00430
36. Seli, P., Carriere, J. S. A., & Smilek, D. (in press). Not all mind wandering is created equal: Dissociating deliberate from spontaneous mind wandering. Psychological Research. doi: 10.1007/s00426-014-0617-x
37. Seli, P., Carriere, J. S. A., Thomson, D. R., Cheyne, J. A., Martens, K. A. E., & Smilek, D. (2014). Restless mind, restless body. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 40, 660–668.
38. Seli, P., Cheyne, J. A., & Smilek, D. (2013b). Wandering minds and wavering rhythms: linking mind wandering and behavioral variability. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 39, 1–5.
39. Seli, P., Cheyne, J. A., Xu, M., Purdon, C., & Smilek, D. (Under review). Motivation and mind wandering: Implications for assessments of task-unrelated thought.
40. Shaw, G. A., & Giambra, L. M. (1993). Task unrelated thoughts of college students diagnosed as hyperactive in childhood. Developmental Neuropsychology, 9, 17–30.
41. Smallwood, J., & Schooler, J. W. (2006). The restless mind. Psychological Bulletin, 132, 946–958.
42. Smallwood, J., & Andrews-Hanna, J. (2013). Not all minds that wander are lost: the importance of a balanced perspective on the mind-wandering state. Frontiers in Psychology. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00441
43. Smallwood, J., Beach, E., Schooler, J. W., & Handy, T. C. (2008). Going AWOL in the brain: Mind wandering reduces cortical analysis of external events. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 20, 458–469.
44. Smallwood, J., McSpadden, M., & Schooler, J. W. (2007). The lights are on but no one’s home: Meta-awareness and the decoupling of attention when the mind wanders. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 14, 527–533.
45. Smallwood, J., Nind, L., & O’Connor, R. C. (2009). When is your head at? An exploration of the factors associated with the temporal focus of the wandering mind. Consciousness and Cognition, 18, 118–125.
46. Smallwood, J., Ruby, F. J., & Singer, T. (2013). Letting go of the present: mind-wandering is associated with reduced delay discounting. Consciousness and Cognition, 22, 1–7.
47. Szpunar, K. K., Khan, N. Y., & Schacter, D. L. (2013). Interpolated memory tests reduce mind wandering and improve learning of online lectures. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 110, 6313–6317.
48. Whalen, C. K., Jamner, L. D., Henker, B., Gehricke, J.-G., & King, P. S. (2003). Is there a link between adolescent cigarette smoking and pharmacotherapy for ADHD? Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 17, 332–335.