Basics of construction microbial biotechnology

Biotechnologies and Biomimetics for Civil Engineering

Volumn , Issue , 2015, Pages 21-56

  Ivanov, V ^a   Chu, J ^a   Stabnikov, V ^b  

^a Iowa State University   (United States)

^b NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF FOOD TECHNOLOGIES   (Ukraine)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COST ENGINEERING; GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING;

COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS; CONSTRUCTION PROCESS; CONVENTIONAL CONSTRUCTIONS; MATERIALS AND PROCESS; MICROBIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY; MICROBIAL PRODUCTION; MICROSCOPIC FUNGI; SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING;

BIOTECHNOLOGY;

EID: 84938744738     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-09287-4_2     Document Type: Chapter

References (146)

1. Achal V, Mukherjee A, Reddy M. S (2010) Microbial concrete: way to enhance the durability of building structures. J Mater Civil Eng 23:730–734. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943–5533.0000159.
2. Achal V, Mukherjee A, Reddy M. S (2011) Effect of calcifying bacteria on permeation properties of concrete structures. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 38:1229–1234. doi:10.1007/s10295–010-0901–8.
3. Arunaye F. I, Mwasha A (2011) On behavior of limited life geotextile materials for reinforcing embankment on soft ground. World J Eng 8:195–199. doi:10.1260/1708–5284.8.2.195.
4. Bang S. S, Galinat J. K, Ramakrishnan V (2001) Calcite precipitation induced by polyurethane-immobilized Bacillus pasteurii. Enzyme Microb Technol 28: 404–409.
5. Bang S, Min S. H, Bang S. S (2011) Application of microbiologically induced soil stabilization technique for dust suppression. Int J Geo-Eng 3: 27–37.
6. Barlaz M. A, Staley B. F, De Los Reyes III F. L (2010) Anaerobic biodegradation of solid waste. In: itchell R, Gu JD (eds) Environmental microbiology, 2nd edn. Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, USA, pp 281–299.
7. Ben Rebah F, Prevost D, Tyagi R. D, Belbahri L (2009) Poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate production by fast-growing rhizobia cultivated in sludge and in industrial wastewater. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 158:155–163.
8. Beun J. J, Dircks K, van Loosdrecht M. C. M et al (2006) Poly-ß-hydroxybutyrate metabolism in dynamically fed mixed microbial cultures. Water Res 36:1167–1180.
9. Braunegg G, Lefebvre G, Genser K. F (1998) Polyhydroxyalkanoates, biopolyesters from renewable resources: Physiological and engineering aspects. J Biotechnol 65: 127–161.
10. Burbank M. B, Weaver T. J, Green T. L, Williams B. C, Crawford R. L (2011) Precipitation of calcite by indigenous microorganisms to strengthen liquefiable soils. Geomicrobiol J 28:301–312. doi:10.1080/01490451.2010.499929.
11. Burbank M. B, Weaver T. J, Williams B. C, Crawford R. L (2012a) Urease activity of ureolytic bacteria isolated from six soils in which calcite was precipitated by indigenous bacteria. Geomicrobiol J 29:389–395. doi:10.1080/01490451.2011.575913.
12. Burbank M, Weaver T, Lewis R, Williams T, Williams B, Crawford W (2012b) Geotechnical tests of sands following bioinduced calcite precipitation catalyzed by indigenous bacteria. J Geotech Geoenviron Eng 139:928–936. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943–5606.0000781.
13. Castanier S, Le Metayer-Levrel G, Orial G., Loubiere J. F, Perthuisot J. P (2000) Bacterial carbonatogenesis and applications to preservation and restoration of historic property. In: Ciferri O, Tiano P, Mastromei G (eds) Of microbes and art. The role of microbial communities in the degradation and protection of cultural heritage. Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publisher, New York, pp 203–218.
14. Castilho L. R, Mitchell D. A, Freire D. M. G (2009) Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from waste materials and by-products by submerged and solid-state fermentation. Bioresour Technol 100:5996–6009.
15. Cheng L, Cord-Ruwisch R (2012) In situ soil cementation with ureolytic bacteria by surface percolation. Ecol Eng 42:64–72. doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2012.01.013.
16. Cheng L, Cord-Ruwisch R (2013) Selective enrichment and production of highly urease active bacteria by non-sterile (open) chemostat culture. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 40:1095–1104. doi: 10.1007/s10295–013-1310–6.
17. Cheng L, Cord-Ruwisch R, Shahin M. A (2013) Cementation of sand soil by microbially induced calcite precipitation at various degrees of saturation. Can Geotech J 50:1–10.
18. Christians S, Jose J, Schäfer U, Kaltwasser H (1991) Purification and subunit determination of the nickel-dependent Staphylococcus xylosus urease. FEMS Microbiol Lett 80:271–275.
19. Chu J, Ivanov V, Jia H, Chenghong G, Naeimi M, Tkalich P (2009a) Microbial geotechnical engineering for disaster mitigation and coastal management. In: Proceedings of WCCE-ECCE-TCCE joint conference: earthquake & tsunami, Istanbul, Turkey.
20. Chu J, Varaksin S, Klotz U, Menge P (2009b) Construction processes. state-of-the-art-report. In: Proceedings of the 17th international conference on soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering, Alexandria, Egypt, 5–9 Oct 2009 vol 4, pp 3006–3135.
21. Chu J, Stabnikov V, Ivanov V (2012a) Microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation on surface or in the bulk of soil. Geomicrobiol J 29:1–6.
22. Chu J, Indraratna B, Shuwang Yan S, Rujikiatkamjorn C (2012b) Soft soil improvement through consolidation: an overview. In: Proceedings of the international conference on ground improvement and ground control, pp 251–280. doi:10.3850/978–981-07–3559-3103–0007.
23. Chu J, Ivanov V, Stabnikov V (2013a) Microbial method for construction of aquaculture pond in sand. Geotechnique 63:871–875. doi:10.1680/geot.SIP13.P.007.
24. Chu J, He J, Ivanov V (2013b) Mitigation of liquefaction of saturated sand using biogas. Geotechnique 63:267–275. doi:10.1680/geot.SIP13.P.004.
25. Chu J, Ivanov V, Naeimi M, Stabnikov V, Liu H. L (2014) Optimization of calcium-based bioclogging and biocementation of sand. Acta Geotech 9:277–285. doi:10.1007/s11440–013-0278–8
26. Cordesman A. H (2002) Terrorism, asymmetric warfare, and weapons of mass destruction: defending the U.S. homeland. Praeger Publishers, Westport.
27. Cuthbert M. O, Mc Millan L. A, Handley-Sidhu S, Riley M. S, Tobler D. J, Phoenix V. R (2013) A field and modeling study of fractured rock permeability reduction using microbially induced calcite precipitation. Env Sci Technol 47:13637–13643. doi:10.1021/es402601g.
28. DeJong J, Fritzges M, Nusstein K (2006) Microbially induced cementation to control sand response to undrained shear. J Geotech Geoenv Eng 32:1381–1392.
29. DeJong J. T, Mortensen B. M, Martinez B. C, Nelson D. C (2010) Bio-mediated soil improvement. Ecol Eng 36:197–210.
30. DeJong J. T, Soga K, Kavazanjian E et al (2013) Biogeochemical processes and geotechnical applications: progress, opportunities and challenges. Geotechnique 63:287–301.
31. DeMarco S (2005) Advances in polyhydroxyalkanoate production in bacteria for biodegradable plastics. Basic Biotechnol eJ 1:1–4.
32. De Muynck W, Cox K, Verstraete W, De Belie N (2008a) Bacterial carbonate precipitation as an alternative surface treatment for concrete. Constr Build Mater 22:875–885.
33. De Muynck W. D, Debrouwer D, De Belie N. D, Verstraete W (2008b) Bacterial carbonate precipitation improves the durability of cementitious materials. Cem Concr Res 38:1005–1014.
34. De Muynck W, De Belie N, Verstraete W (2010) Microbial carbonate precipitation in construction materials: a review. Ecol Eng 36:118–136.
35. De Muynck W, Verbeken K, De Belie N, Verstraete W (2012) Influence of temperature on the effectiveness of a biogenic carbonate surface treatment for limestone conservation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 97 (3):1335–1347 doi:10.1007/s00253–012-3997–0.
36. Dhami N. K, Reddy M. S, Mukherjee A (2012) Improvement in strength properties of ash bricks by bacterial calcite. Ecol Eng 39:31–35. doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2011.11.011.
37. Dhami N. K, Reddy M. S, Mukherjee A (2014) Synergistic role of bacterial urease and carbonic anhydrase in carbonate mineralization. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 172:2552–2561 doi:10.1007/s12010–013-0694–0.
38. Dosier G. K (2013) Methods for making construction material using enzyme producing bacteria. US Patent App 13/093,335, 2011.
39. Ehrlich H. L (1999) Microbes as geologic agents: their role in mineral formation. Geomicrobiol J 16:135–153.
40. Eseller-Bayat E, Yegian M. K, Alshawabkeh A, Gokyer S (2012) Prevention of liquefaction during earthquakes through induced partial saturation in sands. Geotechnical engineering: new horizons. IOS Press, Amsterdam, pp 188–194.
41. Fernandes P (2006) Applied microbiology and biotechnology in the conservation of stone culture heritage materials. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 73:291–296.
42. FHWA-RD-01–156 (2001) Corrosion cost and preventive strategies in the United States, Report by CC Technologies Laboratories, Inc. To Federal Highway Administration. (FHWA), Office of Infrastructure Research and Development.
43. Fujita F, Redden G. D, Ingram J. C, Cortez M. M, Ferris F. G, Smith R. W (2004) Strontium incorporation into calcite generated by bacterial ureolysis. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 68:3261–3270. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2003.12.018.
44. Fytili D, Zabaniotou A (2008) Utilization of sewage sludge in EU application of old and new methods-a review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 12:116–140. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2006.05.014.
45. Ghosh P, Mandal S, Chattopadhyay B. D, Pal S (2005) Use of microorganism to improve the strength of cement mortar. Cem Concr Res 35:1980–1983. doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2005.03.005.
46. Ghosh P, Mandal S, Pal S, Bandyopadhyaya G, Chattopadhyay B. D (2006) Development of bioconcrete material using an enrichment culture of novel thermophilic anaerobic bacteria. Indian J Exp Biol 44:336–339.
47. Ghosh S, Biswas M, Chattopadhyay B. D, Mandal S (2009) Microbial activity on the microstructure of bacteria modified mortar. Cem Concr Compos 31:93–98.
48. Gibert O, Cortina J. L, de Pablo J, Ayora C (2013) Performance of a field-scale permeable reactive barrier based on organic substrate and zero-valent iron for in situ remediation of acid mine drainage. Env Sci Pollut Res 20:7854–7862. doi:10.1007/s11356–013-1507–2.
49. Guo C. H, Stabnikov V, Ivanov V (2010) The removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from reject water of municipal wastewater treatment plant using ferric and nitrate bioreductions. Bioresour Technol 101:3992–3999.
50. Hamdan N, Kavazanjian E, Rittman B. E, Karatas I (2011) Carbonate mineral precipitation for soil improvement through microbial denitrification. In: Han J, Alzamora DA (eds) Geo-frontiers 2011: advances in geotechnical engineering. American Society of Civil Engineers, Dallas.
51. Hammes F, Boon N, de Villiers J, Verstraete W, Siciliano S. D (2003) Strain-specific ureolytic microbial calcium carbonate precipitation. Appl Env Microbiol 69:4901–4909.
52. Harkes M. P, van Paassen L. A, Booster J. L, Whiffin V. S, van Loosdrecht M. C. M (2010) Fixation and distribution of bacterial activity in sand to induce carbonate precipitation for ground reinforcement. Ecol Eng 36:112–117.
53. He J, Chu J, Ivanov V (2013) Mitigation of liquefaction of saturated sand using biogas. Geotechnique 63:267–275.
54. Imai H, Oaki Y (2010) Bioinspired hierarchical crystals. MRS Bull 35(2): 138–144. doi:10.1557/mrs2010.634.
55. Ivanov V, Chu J (2008) Applications of microorganisms to geotechnical engineering for bioclogging and biocementation of soil in situ. Rev Env Sci Biotechnol 7:139–153.
56. Ivanov V, Kuang S. L, Guo C. H, Stabnikov V (2009) The removal of phosphorus from reject water in a municipal wastewater treatment plant using iron ore. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 84:78–82.
57. Ivanov V (2010) Environmental microbiology for engineers. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, p 402.
58. Ivanov V, Stabnikov V, Hung Y. T (2012) Screening and selection of microorganisms for the environmental biotechnology process. In: Yung-Tse H, Lawrence KW, Nazih KS (eds) Handbook of environment and waste management: air and water pollution control. World Scientific Publishing Co., Inc., Singapore, pp 1137–1149.
59. Ivanov V, Chu J, Stabnikov V, Li B (2014) Strengthening of soft marine clay using biocementation. Marine Georesour Geotechnol. doi:10.1080/1064119X.2013.877107.
60. Jimenez-Lopez C, Jroundi F, Pascolini C, Rodriguez-Navarro C, Piñar-Larrubia G, Rodriguez-Gallego M, González-Muñoz M. T (2008) Consolidation of quarry calcarenite by calcium carbonate precipitation induced by bacteria activated among the microbiota inhabiting the stone. Int Biodeterior Biodegrad 62:352–363.
61. Jin M, Rosario W, Walter E, Calhoun D. H (2004) Development of a large-scale HPLC-based purification for the urease from Staphylococcus leei and determination of subunit structure. Protein Expr Purif 34:111–117.
62. Jonkers H. M (2007) Self healing concrete: a biological approach. In: van der Zwaag S (ed) Self healing materials: an alternative approach to 20 centuries of materials science. Springer, Berlin, pp 195–204.
63. Jonkers H. M, Thijssen A, Muyzer G, Copuroglu O, Schlangen E (2010) Application of bacteria as self-healing agent for the development of sustainable concrete. Ecol Eng 36:230–235.
64. Kavamura V. N, Esposito E (2010) Biotechnological strategies applied to the decontamination of soils polluted with heavy metals. Biotechnol Adv 28: 61–69. doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2009.09.002.
65. Kenyon W. J, Esch S. W, Buller C. S (2005) The curdlan-type exopolysaccharide produced by Cellulomonas flavigena KU forms part of an extracellular glycocalyx involved in cellulose degradation. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 87:143–148.
66. Khanna S, Srivastava A. K (2005) Recent advances in microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates. Proc Biochem 40:607–619.
67. León-Martínez F. M, de Cano-Barrita P. F. J, Lagunez-Rivera L, Medina-Torres L (2014) Study of nopal mucilage and marine brown algae extract as viscosity-enhancing admixtures for cement based materials. Constr Build Mater 53:190–202. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.11.068.
68. Lenz R. W, Marchessault R. H (2005) Bacterial polyesters: biosynthesis, biodegradable plastics and biotechnology. Biomacromolecules 6:1–8.
69. Li M, Guo H, Cheng X (2011) Application of response surface methodology for carbonate precipitation production induced by a mutant strain of Sporosarcina pasteurii. In: GeoFrontiers, ASCE, pp 4079–4088.
70. Li P, Qu W (2012) Microbial carbonate mineralization as an improvement method for durability of concrete structures. Adv Mater Res 365:280–286.
71. Lisdiyanti P, Suyanto E, Ratnakomala S, Fahrurrozi, Sari M. N, Gusmawati N. F (2011) Bacterial carbonate precipitation for biogrouting. In: Proceedings of the national symposium on ecohydrology, Jakarta, pp 204–211.
72. Lowell W. L, Rohwedder W. K (1974) Poly-beta-hydroxyalkanoate from activated sludge. Env Sci Technol 8:576–579.
73. Lu Y (2007) Advance on the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates by mixed cultures. Front Biol China 2:1673–3509.
74. Madigan M. T, Martinko J. M, Stahl D, Clark D. P (2012) Brock biology of microorganisms (13th Edn). Pearson, San Francisco.
75. Mayer G, Sarikaya M (2002) Rigid biological composite materials: structural examples for biomimetic design. Exp Mech 42:395–403.
76. Mergaert J, Anderson C, Wouters A, Swings J, Kerster K (1992) Biodegradation of polyhydroxyalkanoates. FEMS Microbiol Rev 103:317–322.
77. Mitchell A. C, Ferris F. G (2005) The coprecipitation of Sr into calcite precipitates induced by bacterial ureolysis in artificial groundwater: temperature and kinetic dependence. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 69:4199–4210.
78. Mitchell J. K, Santamarina J. C (2005) Biological considerations in geotechnical engineering. J Geotech Geoenv Eng ASCE 131:1222–1233.
79. Montoya B. M, DeJong J. T, Boulanger R. W, Wilson D. W, Gerhard R, Ganchenko A, Chou J. C (2012) Liquefaction mitigation using microbial induced calcite precipitation. In: GeoCongress, pp 1918–1927.
80. Moosbrugger R. E, Wentezel M. C, Ekama G. A, Marais G. V (1993) Weak acid/bases and pH control in anaerobic systems: a review. Water South Africa 19:1–10.
81. Mun K. J (2007) Development and tests of lightweight aggregate using sewage sludge for nonstructural concrete. Constr Build Mater 21:1583–1588. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2005.09.009.
82. Neville A. M (1996) Properties of concrete, 4th edn. Pearson Higher Education, Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
83. Novakova D, Sedlacek I, Pantucek R, Stetina V, Svec P, Petras P (2006) Staphylococcus equorum and Staphylococcus succinus isolated from human clinical specimens. J Med Microbiol 55:523–528.
84. Ogbobe O, Essien K. S, Adebayo A (1998) A study of biodegradable geotextiles used for erosion control. Geosynth Int 5:545–553.
85. van der Ruyt M, van der Zon W (2009) Biological in situ reinforcement of sand in near-shore areas. Geotech Eng 162:81–83.
86. van Loosdrecht M. C. M, Pot M. A, Heijnen J. J (1997) Importance of bacterial storage polymers in bioprocesses. Water Sci Technol 33:41–47
87. van Loosdrecht M. C. M, Kleerebezem R, Muyzer G, Jian Y, Johnson K (2008) Process for selecting polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) producing micro-organisms. WO/2009/153303. International application No.: PCT/EP2009/057571, 18 June 2008.
88. van Paassen L, Ghose R, van der Linden T, van der Star W, van Loosdrecht M (2010) Quantifying biomediated ground improvement by ureolysis: large-scale biogrout experiment. J Geotech Geoenv Eng 136:1721–1728.
89. van Tittelboom K, De Belie N, De Muynck W, Verstraete W (2010) Use of bacteria to repair cracks in concrete. Cem Concr Res 40:157–166. doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2009.08.025
90. Pacheco-Torgal F, Jalali S (2011) Nanotechnology: advantages and drawbacks in the field of construction and building materials. Constr Build Mater 25:582–590. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.07.009.
91. Pacheco-Torgal F, Jalali S, Labrincha J, John V. M (2012) Eco-efficient concrete using industrial wastes: a review. Mater Sci Forum 730–732, 581–586. doi:58110.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.730–732. 581.
92. Pacheco-Torgal F, Labrincha J. A (2013a) Biotech cementitious materials: Some aspects of an innovative approach for concrete with enhanced durability. Constr Build Mater 40:1136–1141. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.09.080.
93. Pacheco-Torgal F, Labrincha J. A (2013b) Biotechnologies and bioinspired materials for the construction industry: an overview. Int J Sustain Eng. doi:10.1080/19397038.2013.844741.
94. Pacheco-Torgal F, Jalali S (2013) Eco-efficient construction and building materials. Springer, London, p 247 doi:10.1007/978–0-85729–892-8.
95. Park J. H, Yuu J, Jeon H. Y (2010) Green geosynthetics applications to sustainable environmental fields from the viewpoint of degradability. In: Proceedings of the international symposium and exhibition on geotechnical and geosynthetics engineering: challenges and opportunities on climate change, Bangkok, pp 43–50, 7–8 Dec (2010).
96. Parra R. R, Medina V. F, Conca J. L (2009) The use of fixatives for response to a radiation dispersal devise attack-a review of the current (2009) state-of-the-art. J Env Radioact 100:923–934.
97. Pei R, Liu J, Wang S, Yang M (2013) Use of bacterial cell walls to improve the mechanical performance of concrete. Cem Concr Compos 39: 122–130. doi:10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2013.03.024.
98. Plank J (2003) Applications of biopolymers in construction engineering. In: Steinbüchel A (ed) Biopolymers, V.10. General aspects and special applications. Wiley, Weinheim.
99. Plank J (2004) Application of biopolymers and other biotechnological products in building material. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 66:1–9.
100. Portilho M, Matioli G, Zanin G. M, de Moraes F. F, Scamparini A. R (2006) Production of insoluble exopolysaccharide Agrobacterium sp. (ATCC 31749 and IFO 13140). Appl Biochem Biotechnol 129–132:864–869.
101. Ramachandran S. K, Ramakrishnan V, Bang S. S (2001) Remediation of concrete using microorganisms. ACI Mater J 98:3–9.
102. Ramesh B. N. G, Anitha N, Rani H. K. R (2010) Recent trends in biodegradable products from biopolymers. Adv Biotechnol 9:30–34.
103. Raut S. H, Sarode D. D, Lele S. S (2014) Biocalcification using B. pasteurii for strengthening brick masonry civil engineering structures. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 30: 191–200. doi:10.1007/s11274–013-1439–5.
104. Rebata-Landa V, Santamarina J. C (2012) Mechanical effects of biogenic nitrogen gas bubbles in soils. J Geotech Geoenv Eng 138:128–137.
105. Reddy C. S, Ghai R, Rashmi C, Kalia V. C (2003) Polyhydroxyalkanoates: an overview. Bioresour Technol 87:137–146.
106. Reddy S, Rao M, Aparna P, Sasikala C (2010) Performance of standard grade bacterial (Bacillus subtilis) concrete. Asian J Civ Eng (Build Hous) 11:43–55.
107. Rodriguez-Navarro C, Rodriguez-Gallego M, Ben Chekroun K, Gonzalez-Muñoz M. T (2003) Conservation of ornamental stone by Myxococcus xanthus-induced carbonate biomineralization. Appl Env Microbiol 69:2182–2193. doi:10.1128/AEM.69.4.2182–2193.2003.
108. Roeselers G, van Loosdrecht M. C. M (2010) Microbial phytase-induced calcium-phosphate precipitation-a potential soil stabilization method. Folia Microbiol 55:621–624.
109. Ross N, Villemur R, Deschenes L, Samson R (2001) Clogging of limestone fracture by stimulating groundwater microbes. Water Res 35:2029–2037.
110. Sarda D, Choonia H. S, Sarode D. D, Lele S. S (2009) Biocalcification by Bacillus pasteurii urease: a novel application. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 36:1111–1115.
111. Sarayu K, Iyer N. R, Murthy A. R (2014) Exploration on the biotechnological aspect of the ureolytic bacteria for the production of the cementitious materials-a review. Appl Biochem Biotechnol. doi:10.1007/s12010–013-0686–0.
112. Sarikaya M (1994) An introduction to biomimetics: a structural viewpoint. Microsc Res Tech 37:360–375.
113. Sathya A, Bhuvaneshwari P, Niranjan G, Vishveswaran M (2013) Influence of bio admixture on mechanical properties of cement and concrete. Asian J Appl Sci. doi:10.3923/ajaps.2013.
114. Seagren E. A, Aydilek A. H (2010) Bioremediated geomechanical processes. In: Mitchell R, Gu J-D (eds) Environmental Microbiology, 2nd edn. Wiley, Hoboken, pp 319–348.
115. Serafim L. S, Lemos P. C, Albuquerque M. G. E, Reis M. A. M (2008) Strategies for PHA production by mixed cultures and renewable waste materials. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 81:615–628.
116. Siddique R, Chahal N. K (2011) Effect of ureolytic bacteria on concrete properties. Constr Build Mater 25:3791–3801. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.04.010.
117. Stabnikov V. P, Ivanov V. N (2006) The effect of various iron hydroxide concentrations on the anaerobic fermentation of sulfate-containing model wastewater. Appl Biochem Microbiol 42:284–288.
118. Stabnikov V, Chu J, Naeimi M, Ivanov V (2011) Formation of water-impermeable crust on sand surface using biocement. Cem Concr Res 41: 1143–1149.
119. Stabnikov V, Chu J, Myo A. N, Ivanov V (2013a) Immobilization of sand dust and associated pollutants using bioaggregation. Water Air Soil Pollut 224:1631. doi:10.1007/s11270–013-1631–0.
120. Stabnikov V, Chu J, Ivanov V, Li Y (2013b) Halotolerant, alkaliphilic urease-producing bacteria from different climate zones and their application for biocementation of sand. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 29:1453–1460. doi:10.1007/s11274–013-1309–1.
121. Stewart T. L, Fogler H. S (2001) Biomass plug development and propagation in porous media. Biotechnol Bioeng 72:353–363.
122. Sudesh K, Abe H, Doi Y (2000) Synthesis, structure and properties of polyhydroxyalkanoates: biological polyesters. Prog Polym Sci 25:1503–1555.
123. Sudesh K, Abe H (2010) Practical guide to microbial polyhydroxyalkanoates. Smithers Rapra Technology, UK, p 160.
124. Taponen S, Bjorkroth J, Pyorala S (2008) Coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from bovine extramammary sites and intramammary infections in a single dairy herd. J Dairy Res 75:422–429.
125. Tsang P. H, Li G, Brun Y. V, Freund L. B, Tang J. X (2006) Adhesion of single bacterial cells in the micronewton range. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103:11435–11436.
126. UNEP (2009) Converting waste agricultural biomass into a resource. Compendium of technologies, United Nations Environment Programme, p 441.
127. Vahabi A, Ramezanianpour A. A, Sharafi H, Shahbani H. Z, Vali H, Noghabil K. A (2014) Calcium carbonate precipitation by strain Bacillus licheniformis AK01, newly isolated from loamy soil: a promising alternative for sealing cement-based materials. J Basic Microbiol 53:1–7. doi:10.1002/jobm.201300560.
128. Vempada S. R, Reddy S. S. P, Rao M. V. S, Sasikala C (2011) Strength enhancement of cement mortar using microorganisms-an experimental study. Int J Earth Sci Eng 4:933–936.
129. Volova T. G (2004) Polyhydroxyalkanoates-plastic materials of the 21st Century. Nova Publishers, Hauppauge, p 282.
130. Warren L. A, Maurice P. A, Parmar N, Ferris F. G (2001) Microbially mediated calcium carbonate precipitation: implications for interpreting calcite precipitation and for solid-phase capture of inorganic contaminants. Geomicrobiol J 18:93–115. doi:10.1080/01490450151079833.
131. Wang J. Y, De Belie N, Verstraete W (2012) Diatomaceous earth as a protective vehicle for bacteria applied for self-healing concrete. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 39:567–577. doi:10.1007/s10295–011-1037–1.
132. Webster A, May E (2006) Bioremediation of weathered-building stone surfaces. Trends Biotechnol 24:255–260. doi:10.1016/j.tibtech.2006.04.005.
133. Weil M. H, DeJong J. T, Martinez B. C, Mortensen B. M, Waller J. T (2012) Seismic and resistivity measurements for real-time monitoring of microbially induced calcite precipitation in sand. ASTM Geotech Test J 35:330–341.
134. Whiffin V. S, van Paassen L. A, Harkes M. P (2007) Microbial carbonate precipitation as a soil improvement technique. Geomicrobiol J 24:417–423.
135. Weaver T. J, Burbank M, Lewis A, Lewis R, Williams B (2011) Bio-induced calcite, iron, and manganese precipitation for geotechnical engineering applications. In: Geo-Frontiers: Adv Geotech Eng ASCE, 211:3975–3983. doi:10.1061/41165(397)406.
136. Wiktor V, Jonkers H (2011) Quantification of crack-healing in novel bacteria-based self-healing concrete. Cem Concr Compos 33:763–770.
137. Wright D. T, Oren A (2005) Nonphotosynthetic bacteria and the formation of carbonates and evaporites through time. Geomicrobiol J 22:27–53.
138. Xia H, Hu T (1991) Effects of saturation and back pressure on sand liquefaction. J Geotech Eng 117:1347–1362.
139. Yang I. C, Li Y, Park J. K, Yen T. F (1993) Subsurface application of slime-forming bacteria in soil matrices. In: Proceedings of the 2nd international symposium in situ and on site bioreclamation, April 1993, San Diego, CA. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton.
140. Yang J, Savidis S, Roemer M (2004) Evaluating liquefaction strength of partially saturated sand. J Geotech Geoenv Eng 130:975–979.
141. Yao L, Yang J, Sun J, Cai L, He L, Huang H, Song R, Hao Y (2011) Hard and transparent hybrid polyurethane coatings using in situ incorporation of calcium carbonate nanoparticles. Mater Chem Phys 129:523–528.
142. Yegian M, Eseller-Bayat E, Alshawabkeh A, Ali S (2007) Induced-partial saturation for liquefaction mitigation: experimental investigation. J Geotech Geoenv Eng 133:372–380.
143. Yuan F, Xiao H, Wu J, Ying W. F, Yu Y. P, Chi H. X (2013) Effect of carboxylmethyl cellulose sulfate (CMC-S) on the hydration process of cement paste. Adv Mater Res 838–841:123–126.
144. Yu P. H, Chua H, Huang A, Ho K. P (1999) Conversion of food industrial wastes into bioplastics with municipal activated sludge. Macromol Symp 148:415–424.
145. Yu J (2006) Production of biodegradable thermoplastic materials from organic wastes. US Patent 7,141,400. Accessed 28 Nov 2006.
146. Zell C, Resch M, Rosenstein R, Albrecht T, Hertel C, Gotz F (2008) Characterization of toxin production of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from food and starter cultures. Int J Food Microbiol 127:246–251.