Geomorphological evidence and 10Be exposure ages for the Last Glacial Maximum and deglaciation of the Velká and Malá Studená dolina valleys in the High Tatra Mountains, central Europe

Quaternary Science Reviews

Volumn 124, Issue , 2015, Pages 106-123

  Engel, Zbyněk ^a   Mentlík, Pavel ^b   Braucher, Régis ^c   Minár, Jozef ^d   Léanni, Laetitia ^c   Arnold, Maurice ^c   Aumaître, Georges ^c   Bourlès, Didier ^c   Keddadouche, Karim ^c   Aster Team, ^c  

^a CHARLES UNIVERSITY   (Czech Republic)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WEST BOHEMIA   (Czech Republic)

^c AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITY   (France)

^d Faculty of Natural Sciences   (Slovakia)

Author keywords

Glaciation chronology; Glacier retreat; High Tatra Mts.; Paraglacial; Quaternary; Thinning rate; Western Carpathians

Indexed keywords

GEOCHRONOLOGY; LANDFORMS; ROCK BURSTS;

GLACIATION CHRONOLOGY; GLACIER RETREAT; HIGH TATRA MTS; PARAGLACIAL; QUATERNARY; WESTERN CARPATHIANS;

GLACIAL GEOLOGY;

BEDROCK; DATING METHOD; DEGLACIATION; FOREST CANOPY; GEOCHRONOLOGY; GEOMORPHOLOGICAL RESPONSE; GLACIATION; GLACIER RETREAT; LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; MORAINE; QUATERNARY; ROCKFALL; THINNING; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS; VALLEY;

ALPS; BAVARIA; BOHEMIA; CARPATHIANS; CZECH REPUBLIC; GERMANY; TATRA MOUNTAINS;

EID: 84938118500     PISSN: 02773791     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.07.015     Document Type: Article

References (130)

1. Amante C., Eakins B.W. ETOPO1 1 Arc-minute Global Relief Model: Procedures, Data Sources and Analysis 2009, NOAA, Boulder.
2. Arnold M., Merchel S., Bourlès D.L., Braucher R., Benedetti L., Finkel R.C., Aumaître G., Gottdang A., Klein M. The French accelerator mass spectrometry facility ASTER: improved performance and developments. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B 2010, 268:1954-1959.
3. Balco G. Contributions and unrealized potential contributions of cosmogenic nuclide exposure dating to glacier chronology, 1990-2010. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2011, 30:3-27.
4. Balco G., Briner J., Finkel R.C., Rayburn J.A., Ridge J.C., Schaefer J.M. Regional beryllium-10 production rate calibration for late-glacial northeastern North America. Quat. Geochronol. 2009, 4(2):93-107.
5. Ballantyne C.K. Paraglacial geomorphology. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2002, 21(18-19):1935-2017.
6. Ballantyne C.K., Sandeman G.F., Stone J.O., Wilson P. Rock-slope failure following Late Pleistocene deglaciation on tectonically stable mountainous terrain. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2014, 86:144-157.
7. Ballantyne C.K., Wilson P., Gheorghiu D., Rodés A. Enhanced rock-slope failure following ice-sheet deglaciation: timing and causes. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 2014, 39:900-913.
8. Bauder A., Funk M., Huss M. Ice-volume changes of selected glaciers in the Swiss Alps since the end of the 19th century. Ann. Glaciol. 2007, 46:145-149.
9. Baumgart-Kotarba M., Kotarba A. Późnoglacjalne i holoceńskie osady z Czarnego Stawu Gąsienicowego w Tatrach. Dok. Geogr. 1993, 4-5:9-30.
10. Baumgart-Kotarba M., Kotarba A. High Mountain environment of the Tatras in the period of Pleistocene and Holocene transition. B.Peryglac. 1995, 34:37-51.
11. Baumgart-Kotarba M., Kotarba A. Würm glaciation in the Biała Woda Valley, High Tatra Mountains. Stud. Geomorph. Carpatho-Balcan 1997, 31:57-81.
12. Baumgart-Kotarba M., Kotarba A. Deglaciation of the Sucha Woda and Pańszczyca valleys in the Polish High Tatras. Stud. Geomorph. Carpatho-Balcan. 2001, 35:7-38.
13. Benn D.I., Owen L.A., Osmaston H.A., Seltzer G.O., Porter S.C., Mark B. Reconstruction of equilibrium-line altitudes for tropical and sub-tropical glaciers. Quatern. Int. 2005, 138-139:8-21.
14. Braucher R., Bourlès D., Merchel S., Vidal Romani J., Fernadez-Mosquera D., Marti K., Léanni L., Chauvet F., Arnold M., Aumaître G., Keddadouche K. Determination of muon attenuation lengths in depth profiles from in situ produced cosmogenic nuclides. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms 2013, 294:484-490.
15. 10Be ages: a case study from Colorado, USA. Quat. Geochronol. 2009, 4(4):299-305.
16. 36Cl glacial chronology of the southwestern Ahklun Mountains, Alaska. Quat. Res. 2001, 56(2):148-154.
17. Briner J.P., Kaufman D.S., Manley W.F., Finkel R.C., Caffee M.W. Cosmogenic exposure dating of late Pleistocene moraine stabilization in Alaska. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 2005, 117(7-8):1108-1120.
18. Briner J.P., Bini A.C., Anderson R.S. Rapid early Holocene retreat of a Laurentide outlet glacier through an Arctic fjord. Nat. Geosci. 2009, 2(7):496-499.
19. 10Be production rates in Greenland. J.Quat. Sci. 2012, 27(1):2-6.
20. Butrym J., Lindner L., Okszos D. Formy rzeźby, wiek TL osadów i rozwój lodowców ostatniego zlodowacenia w Dolinie Małej Łąki, Tatry Zachodnie. Prz. Geol. 1990, 38(1):20-26.
21. Carr S., Coleman C. An improved technique for the reconstruction of former glacier mass-balance and dynamics. Geomorphology 2007, 92(1-2):76-90.
22. 10Be half-life by multicollector ICP-MS and liquid scintillation counting. Nucl. Instr. Meth. B 2010, 263(2):192-199.
23. Clark P.U., Dyke A.S., Shakun J.D., Carlson A.E., Clark J., Wohlfarth B., Mitrovica J.X., Hostetler S.W., McCabe A.M. The Last Glacial Maximum. Science 2009, 325(5941):710-713.
24. de Martonne E. Étude morphologique des Alpes orientales (Tauern) et des Karpates septentrionales (Tatra). Bull. Géog. Hist. 1911, 3:387-406.
25. Delunel R., Hantz D., Braucher R., Bourlès D.L., Schoeneich I.P., Depariset I.J. Surface exposure dating and geophysical prospecting of the Holocene Lauvitel rock slide (French Alps). Landslides 2010, 7(4):393-400.
26. Dénes F. Die Geologie des Tatragebirges. Jahrb. Ung. Karpathen-Vereins 1902, 29:53-114.
27. 10Be exposure dating of ice-molded bedrock surfaces. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2014, 84:26-38.
28. Dunai T.J. Cosmogenic Nuclides - Principles, Concepts and Applications in the Earth Surface Sciences 2010, Cambridge University Press, New York.
29. Dunne J., Elmore D., Muzikar P. Scaling factors for the rates of production of cosmogenic nuclides for geometric shielding and attenuation at depth on sloped surfaces. Geomorphology 1999, 27(1-2):3-11.
30. Dyke L.M., Hughes A.L.C., Murray T., Hiemstra J.F., Andresen C.S., Rodés A. Evidence for the asynchronous retreat of large outlet glaciers in southeast Greenland at the end of the last glaciation. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2014, 99:244-259.
31. Dzierzek J. Paleogeografia wybranych obszarów Polski w czasie ostatniego zlodowacenia. Acta Geogr. Lodz. 2009, 95. 1-112.
32. 36Cl - nowe dane do chronologii glacjalnej Tatr Wysokich. Prz. Geol. 1999, 47(11):987-992.
33. Quaternary Glaciations - Extent and Chronology: a Closer Look. Developments in Quaternary Science 2011, Elsevier, Amsterdam. J. Ehlers, P.L. Gibbard, P.D. Hughes (Eds.).
34. Engel Z. Pleistocénní zalednění české části Krkonoš. Przyr. Sudet. Zach. 2003, 6:223-234.
35. 10Be exposure ages and Schmidt hammer data for correlation of moraines in the Krkonoše Mountains, Poland/Czech Republic. Z.Geomorphol. 2011, 55(2):175-196.
36. 10Be exposure age chronology of the last glaciation in the Krkonoše Mountains, Central Europe. Geomorphology 2014, 206:107-121. ASTER team.
37. Favilli F., Egli M., Brandová D., Ivy-Ochs S., Kubik P.W., Cherubini P., Mirabella A., Sartori G., Giaccai D., Haeberli W. Combined use of relative and absolute dating techniques for detecting signals of Alpine landscape evolution during the late Pleistocene and early Holocene. Geomorphology 2009, 112(1-2):48-66.
38. 10Be production rate calibration for the past 12ka deduced from the radiocarbon-dated Grøtlandsura and Russenes rock avalanches at 69°N. Nor. Quat. Geochronol. 2011, 6(5):437-452.
39. Gadek B. The problem of firn-ice patches in the Polish Tatras as an indicator of climatic fluctuations. Geogr. Pol. 2008, 81(1):41-52.
40. Geertsema M., Chiarle M. Mass movement: effects of glacial thinning. Treatise on Geomorphology 2013, 217-222. Academic Press, San Diego. J.F. Shroder (Ed.).
41. 10Be Constraints on the Deglaciation History in the Rodna Mountains, Northern Romania 2011, 33. Climate Change in the Carpathian-Balkan Region during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene. Book of Abstracts, Suceava.
42. Goehring B.M., Lohne Ø.S., Mangerud J., Svendsen J.I., Gyllencreutz R., Schaefer J., Finkel R. Late Glacial and Holocene beryllium-10 production rates for western Norway. J.Quat. Sci. 2012, 27(1):89-96.
43. Gosse J.C. The contributions of cosmogenic nuclides to unraveling alpine paleo-glacier histories. Global Change and Mountain Regions: an Overview of Current Knowledge 2005, 39-50. Springer, Dordrecht. U.M. Huber, H.K.M. Bugmann, M.A. Reasoner (Eds.).
44. Gosse J.C., Phillips F.M. Terrestrial in situ cosmogenic nuclides: theory and application. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2001, 20(14):1475-1560.
45. 10Be measurements in western North America: support fort a global Younger Dryas cooling event. Geology 1995, 23(10):877-880.
46. Haeberli W., Paul F., Zemp M. Vanishing glaciers in the European Alps. Scripta Varia 2013, vol. 118:1-9. The Pontifical Academy of Sciences, Vatican. P.J. Crutzen, L. Bengtsson, V. Ramanathan (Eds.).
47. Halicki B. Dyluwialne zlodowacenie północnych stoków Tatr. Spraw. Pol. Inst. Geol. 1930, 5(3-4). 375-534.
48. Hallet B., Putkonen J.K. Surface dating of dynamic landforms: young boulders on aging moraines. Science 1994, 265(5174):937-940.
49. Hess M. Klimat. Przyroda Tatrzańskiego Parku Narodowego 1996, 53-69. TPN, Kraków-Zakopane. Z. Mirek (Ed.).
50. Heyman J., Stroeven A.P., Harbor J.M., Caffee M.W. Too young or too old: evaluating cosmogenic exposure dating based on an analysis of compiled boulder exposure ages. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2011, 302:71-80.
51. Heyman B.M., Heyman J., Fickert T., Harbor J.M. Paleo-climate of the central European uplands during the last glacial maximum based on glacier mass-balance modelling. Quat. Res. 2013, 79(1):49-54.
52. 14C. Quat. Geochronol. 2014, 19:14-26.
53. Hughes P.D. Little Ice Age glaciers in the Balkans: low altitude glaciation enabled by cooler temperatures and local topoclimatic controls. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 2010, 35(2):229-241.
54. Hughes P.D., Gibbard P.L., Ehlers J. Timing of glaciation during the last glacial cycle: evaluating the meaning and significance of the 'Last Glacial Maximum' (LGM). Earth Sci. Rev. 2013, 125:171-198.
55. Huss M., Usselmann S., Farinotti D., Bauder A. Glacier mass balance in the south-eastern Swiss Alps since 1900 and perspectives for the future. Erdkunde 2010, 65(2):119-140.
56. Ivy-Ochs S., Kober F. Surface exposure dating with cosmogenic nuclides. Eiszeitalt. Ggw 2008, 57(1-2):179-209.
57. Ivy-Ochs S., Schäfer J., Kubik P.W., Synal H.A., Schlüchter C. Timing of deglaciation on the northern Alpine foreland (Switzerland). Eclogae Geol. Helv. 2004, 97(1):47-55.
58. Ivy-Ochs S., Kerschner H., Schlüchter C. Cosmogenic nuclides and the dating of Lateglacial and Early Holocene glacier variations: the Alpine perspective. Quatern. Int. 2007, 164-165:53-63.
59. Ivy-Ochs S., Kerschner H., Reuther A., Preusser F., Heine K., Maisch M., Kubik P.W., Schlüchter C. Chronology of the last glacial cycle in the European Alps. J.Quat. Sci. 2008, 23(6-7):559-573.
60. Ivy-Ochs S., Kerschner H., Maisch M., Christl M., Kubik P.W., Schlüchter C. Latest Pleistocene and Holocene glacier variations in the European Alps. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2009, 28(21-22):2137-2149.
61. Jurewicz E. Multistage evolution of the granitoid core in Tatra Mountains. Granitoids in Poland 2007, 307-317. Warsaw University, Warsaw. A. Kozłowski, J. Wiszniewska (Eds.).
62. 10Be dates of glacial erosional features in the Grimsel Pass region, central Swiss Alps. Boreas 2006, 35(4):634-643.
63. Kern Z., László P. Size specific steady-state accumulation area ratio: an improvement for equilibrium line estimation of small paleoglaciers. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2010, 29(19-20):2781-2787.
64. Kerschner H., Ivy-Ochs S. Palaeoclimate from glaciers: examples from the Eastern Alps during the Alpine Lateglacial and early Holocene. Glob. Planet. Change 2008, 60(1-2):58-71.
65. Klimaszewski M. On the influence of pre-glacial relief on the extension and development of glaciation and deglaciation of mountainous regions. Prz. Geogr. 1960, 32:41-49.
66. Kočický D. Charakteristiky snehovej pokrývky v oblasti Tatier v období 1960/61-1989/90 1996, Unpublished diploma thesis, Comenius University in Bratislava.
67. 10Be by heavy-ion elastic recoil detection and liquid scintillation counting. Nucl. Instr. Meth. B 2010, 268(2):187-191.
68. Králiková S., Vojtko R., Andriessen R., Kováč M., Fügenschuh B., Hók J., Minár J. Cretaceous-Quaternary tectonic evolution of the Tatra Mts (Western Carpathians): constraints from structural, sedimentary, geomorphological, and fission track data. Geol. Carpath. 2014, 65(4):307-326.
69. Krupiński K.M. Evolution of Late Glacial and Holocene vegetation in the Polish Tatra Mts., based on pollen analysis of sediments of the Przedni Staw Lake. B.Pol. Acad. Sci.-Earth 1984, 31:37-48.
70. Kuhlemann J., Milivojevć M., Krumrei I., Kubik P. Last glaciation of the Šara Range (Balkan Peninsula): Increasing dryness from the LGM to the Holocene. Austrian J. Earth Sci. 2009, 102:146-158.
71. Kuhlemann J., Dobre F., Urdea P., Krumrei I., Gachev E., Kubik P., Rahn M. Last Glacial Maximum glaciation of the Central South Carpathian Range (Romania). Austrian J. Earth Sci. 2013, 106:83-95.
72. Kuhlemann J., Gachev E., Gikov A., Nedkov S., Krumrei I., Kubik P. Glaciation in the Rila Mountains (Bulgaria) during the Last Glacial Maximum. Quatern. Int. 2013, 293:51-62.
73. László P., Kern Z., Nagy B. Late Pleistocene glaciers in the western Rodna Mountains, Romania. Quat. Int. 2013, 293:79-91.
74. Lindner L. Jednostki stadialne i interstadialne ostatniego zlodowacenia (Würm, Vistulian) w Tatrach Polskich i na Podhalu. Acta Univ. Nicolai Copernici Geogr. 1994, 27(92):59-73.
75. Lindner L., Dzierzek J., Nitychoruk J. Problem wieku i zasiegu lodowców ostatniego zlodowacenia (Vistulian) w Tatrach Polskich. Geol. Quart. 1990, 34(2):339-354.
76. Lindner L., Nitychoruk J., Butrym J. Liczba i wiek zlodowaceń tatrzańskich w świetle datowań termoluminescencyjnych osadów wodnolodowcowych w dorzeczu Białego Dunajca. Prz. Geol. 1993, 41(1):10-21.
77. Lowe J.J., Rasmussen S.O., Bjorck S., Hoek W.Z., Steffensen J.P., Walker M.J.C., Yu Z.C., Grp I. Synchronisation of palaeoenvironmental events in the North Atlantic region during the Last Termination: a revised protocol recommended by the INTIMATE group. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2008, 27:6-17.
78. Luckman B.H. Processes, transport, deposition, and landforms: rockfall. Treatise on Geomorphology 2013, 174-182. Elsevier, Oxford. J.F. Shroder (Ed.).
79. Lukas S., Benn D.I. Retreat dynamics of Younger Dryas glaciers in the far NW Scottish Highlands reconstructed from moraine sequences. Scot. Geogr. J. 2006, 122:308-325.
80. Lukniš M. Reliéf a roztriedenie kvartérnych útvarov vo Vysokých Tatrách a na ich predpolí. Geol. sborník 1959, 10(1):233-258.
81. Lukniš M. The course of the last glaciation of the Western Carpathians in the relation to the Alps, to the glaciation of northern Europe, and to the division of the central European Würm into periods. Geogr. časopis 1964, 16(2):127-142.
82. Lukniš M. Reliéf Vysokých Tatier a ich predpolia 1973, Veda, Bratislava.
83. 36Cl exposure dating and glacier-climate modelling. Quatern. Int. 2013, 293:63-78.
84. Makos M., Nitychoruk J., Zreda M. The Younger Dryas climatic conditions in the Za Mnichem Valley (Polish High Tatra Mountains) based on exposure-age dating and glacier-climate modelling. Boreas 2013, 42(3):745-761.
85. Makos M., Dzierzek J., Nitychoruk J., Zreda M. Timing of glacier advances and climate in the High Tatra Mountains (Western Carpathians) during the Last Glacial Maximum. Quat. Res. 2014, 82(1):1-13.
86. Masarik J., Weiler R. Production rates of cosmogenic nuclides in boulders. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2003, 216(1-2):201-208.
87. Mazza A. Evolution and dynamics of Ghiacciaio Nord delle Locce (Valle Anzasca, Western Alps) from 1854 to the present. Geogr. Fis. Din. Quat. 1998, 21(2):233-243.
88. McColl S. Paraglacial rock-slope stability. Geomorphology 2012, 153-154:1-16.
89. Mentlík P., Engel Z., Braucher R., Léanni K. Chronology of the Late Weichselian glaciation in the Bohemian Forest in Central Europe. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2013, 65:120-128. Aster Team.
90. Moon B.P. Refinement of a technique for determining rock mass strength for geomorphological purposes. Earth Surf. Process. Landf. 1984, 9(2):189-193.
91. Nemčok J., Bezák V., Biely A., Gorek A., Gross P., Halouzka R., Janák M., Kahan Š., Mello J., Reichwalder P., Zelman J. Geological Map of the High Tatra Mountains 1:50 000 Scale 1994, Geologický ústav Dionýza Štúra, Bratislava.
92. Niedźwiedź T. Climate of the Tatra Mountains. Mt. Res. Dev. 1992, 12:131-146.
93. Nishimura D., Sugiyama S., Bauder A., Funk M. Changes in ice-flow velocity and surface elevation from 1874 to 2006 in Rhonegletscher, Switzerland. Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res. 2013, 45(4):552-562.
94. Partsch J. Die Gletscher der Vorzeit in den Karpathen und den Mittlegebirgen Deutschlands 1882, Wilhelm Koebner, Breslau.
95. Partsch J. Die Hohe Tatra zur Eiszeit. Berichte der philol. history. Kl. Kgl. Sächs. Ges. Wiss. 1907, 60:177-194.
96. Partsch J. Die Hohe Tatra zur Eiszeit 1923, Ferdinand Hirt & Sohn, Leipzig.
97. Pellegrini G.B., Albanese D., Bertoldi R., Surian N. La deglaciazione alpina nel Vallone Bellunese, Alpi meridionali orientali. Geogr. Fis. Din. Quat. Suppl. 2005, 7:271-280.
98. Phillips F.M., Zreda M.G., Smith S.S., Elmore D., Kubik P.W., Sharma P. Cosmogenic chlorine-36 chronology for glacial deposits at Bloody Canyon, Eastern Sierra Nevada. Science 1990, 248(4962):1529-1532.
99. Prager C., Zangerl C., Patzelt G., Brandner R. Age distribution of fossil landslides in the Tyrol (Austria) and its surrounding areas. Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. 2008, 8:377-407.
100. Preusser F. Towards a chronology of the Late Pleistocene in the northern Alpine Foreland. Boreas 2004, 33:195-210.
101. Preusser F., Graf H.R., Keller O., Krayss E., Schlüchter C. Quaternary Glaciation history of northern Switzerland. Eiszeitalt. Ggw. 2011, 60:282-305.
102. Prószyńska-Bordas H., Stańska-Prószyńska W., Prószyński M. TL dating of partially bleached sediments by the regeneration method. Quat. Sci. Rev. 1988, 7:265-271.
103. Putiš M. Variscan and Alpidic nappe structures of the Western Carpathian crystalline basement. Geol. Carpath. 1992, 43(6):369-380.
104. Putkonen J., Swanson T. Accuracy of cosmogenic ages for moraines. Quat. Res. 2003, 59(2):255-261.
105. Rasmussen S.O., Bigler M., Blockley S., Blunier T., Buchardt B., Clausen H., Cvijanovic I., Dahl-Jensen D., Johnsen S., Fischer H., Gkinis V., Guillevic M., Hoek W., Lowe J., Pedro J., Popp T., Seierstad I., Steffensen J., Svensson A., Vallelonga P., Vinther B., Walker M., Wheatley J.J., Winstrup M. Astratigraphic framework for abrupt climatic changes during the Last Glacial period based on three synchronized Greenland ice-core records: refining and extending the INTIMATE event stratigraphy. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2014, 106:14-28.
106. Reitner J.M. Glacial dynamics at the beginning of Termination I in the Eastern Alps and their stratigraphic implications. Quatern. Int. 2007, 164-165:64-84.
107. Reuther A.U. Surface Exposure Dating of Glacial Deposits from the Last Glacial Cycle: Evidence from the Eastern Alps, the Bavarian Forest, the Southern Carpathians and the Altai Mountains 2007, Gebr. Borntraeger, Berlin.
108. Reuther A.U., Fiebig M., Ivy-Ochs S., Kubik P.W., Reitner J.M., Jerz H., Heine K. Deglaciation of a large piedmont lobe glacier in comparison with a small mountain glacier - new insight from surface exposure dating. Two studies from SE Germany. Quat. Sci. J. 2011, 60(2-3):248-269.
109. Rinterknecht V.R., Clark P.U., Raisbeck G.M., Yiou F., Bitinas A., Brook E.J., Marks L., Zelcs V., Lunka J.P., Pavlovskaya I.E., Piotrowski J.A., Raukas A. The last deglaciation of the Southeastern sector of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet. Science 2006, 311(5766):1449-1452.
110. Rinterknecht V., Matoshko A., Gorokhovich Y., Fabel D., Xu S. Expression of the Younger Dryas cold event in the Carpathian Mountains, Ukraine?. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2012, 39:106-114.
111. Romer E. Tatrzańska Epoka Lodowa. Księgarnie Sp 1929, Akc. Ksiąz˙nica-Atlas, Lwów.
112. Ruszkiczay-Rüdiger Z., Kern Z., Urdea P., Braucher R., Schimmelpfennig I. (Un)Resolved contradictions in the Late Pleistocene glacial chronology of the Southern Carpathians - new samples and recalculated cosmogenic radionuclide age estimates. Late Pleistocene and Holocene Climatic Variability in the Carpathian-Balkan Region 2014 2014, 152-156. Stefan cel Mare University Press, Suceava. M. Mindrescu (Ed.).
113. Sanchez Goñi M.F., Harrison S.P. Millennial-scale climate variability and vegetation changes during the Last Glacial: concepts and terminology. Quat. Sci. Rev. 2010, 29:2823-2827.
114. Starnberger R., Rodnight H., Spötl C. Chronology of the Last Glacial Maximum in the Salzach Palaeoglacier Area (Eastern Alps). J.Quat. Sci. 2011, 26(5):502-510.
115. Steiner D., Zumbühl H.J., Bauder A. Two Alpine glaciers over the past two centuries: a scientific view based on pictorial sources. Darkening Peaks: Glacier Retreat, Science, and Society 2008, 83-99. University of California Press, Berkeley. B. Orlove, E. Wiegandt, B.H. Luckman (Eds.).
116. Stone J.O. Air pressure and cosmogenic isotope production. J.Geophys. Res. 2000, 105(B10):23753-23759.
117. Stone J.O., Balco G.A., Sugden D.E., Caffee M.W., Sass L.C., Cowderry S.G., Siddoway C. Holocene deglaciation of Marie Bird Land, West Antarctica. Science 2003, 299(5603):99-102.
118. 10Be dating of Younger Dryas Salpausselkä I formation in Finland. Boreas 2000, 29(4):287-293.
119. UNEP Carpathians Environment Outlook 2007, UNEP, Geneva.
120. van Husen D. Quaternary glaciations in Austria. Quaternary Glaciations - Extent and Chronology 2011, 15-28. Elsevier, Amsterdam. J. Ehlers, P.L. Gibbard, P.D. Hughes (Eds.).
121. Vermeesch P. On the visualisation of detrital age distributions. Chem. Geol. 2012, 312-313:190-194.
122. Vočadlová K., Křížek M. Comparison of glacial relief landforms and the factors which determine glaciation in the surroundings of Černé jezero Lake and Čertovo jezero Lake (Šumava Mts., Czech Republic). Morav. Geogr. Rep. 2009, 17(2):2-14.
123. Ward G.K., Wilson S.R. Procedures for comparing and combining radiocarbon age determinations: a critique. Archaeometry 1978, 20(1):19-31.
124. Ward D.J., Anderson R.S., Guido Z.S., Briner J.P. Numerical modeling of cosmogenic deglaciation records, Front Range and San Juan Mountains, Colorado. J.Geophys. Res. 2009, 114:F01026.
125. Zasadni J., Kłapyta P. An attempt to assess the modern and Little Ice Age climatic snowline altitude in the Tatra Mountains. Landf. Anal. 2009, 10:124-133.
126. Zasadni J., Kłapyta P. The Tatra Mountains during the Last Glacial Maximum. J.Maps 2014, 10(3):440-456.
127. Zejszner L. Über eine Längenmoräne im Thale des Biały Dunajec bei dem Hochofen von Zakopane in der Tatra. Sitz. Kais. Akad. Wiss. Wien Math.- Naturwiss 1856, 1(21):259-262.
128. 36Cl build up dating. Geomorphology 1995, 14(2):149-156.
129. 36Cl accumulation in unstable landforms 2. Simulations and measurements on eroding moraines. Water Resour. Res. 1994, 30(11):3127-3136.
130. Zumbühl H.J., Steiner D., Nussbaumer S.V. 19th century glacier representations and fluctuations in the central and western European Alps: an interdisciplinary approach. Glob. Planet. Change 2008, 60(1-2):42-57.