메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 29, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 191-203

Molecular Biology of Bladder Cancer

Author keywords

Bladder cancer; Cell cycle; Epigenetics; Molecular subtypes; Mutations; Somatic copy number alterations; Urothelial carcinoma

Indexed keywords

CYCLIN D1; CYCLIN DEPENDENT KINASE INHIBITOR 2A; CYCLIN E1; CYCLINE; MAMMALIAN TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN; PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR ACTIVATED RECEPTOR GAMMA; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3 KINASE; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3,4,5 TRISPHOSPHATE 3 PHOSPHATASE; PROTEIN MDM2; PROTEIN P21; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR E2F; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 84933676546     PISSN: 08898588     EISSN: 15581977     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2014.10.002     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (35)

References (51)
  • 2
    • 84933672356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed August 23, 2014.
    • United States Food and Drug Administration. Hematology/oncology (cancer) approvals & safety notifications. 2014. Available at: . Accessed August 23, 2014. http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/InformationOnDrugs/ApprovedDrugs/ucm279174.htm.
    • (2014) Hematology/oncology (cancer) approvals & safety notifications
  • 3
    • 0020328955 scopus 로고
    • Human EJ bladder carcinoma oncogene is homologue of Harvey sarcoma virus ras gene
    • Parada L.F., Tabin C.J., Shih C., et al. Human EJ bladder carcinoma oncogene is homologue of Harvey sarcoma virus ras gene. Nature 1982, 297:474-478.
    • (1982) Nature , vol.297 , pp. 474-478
    • Parada, L.F.1    Tabin, C.J.2    Shih, C.3
  • 4
    • 0027759847 scopus 로고
    • P53 nuclear-protein accumulation correlates with mutations in the P53 gene, tumor grade, and stage in bladder-cancer
    • Esrig D., Spruck C.H., Nichols P.W., et al. P53 nuclear-protein accumulation correlates with mutations in the P53 gene, tumor grade, and stage in bladder-cancer. Am J Pathol 1993, 143:1389-1397.
    • (1993) Am J Pathol , vol.143 , pp. 1389-1397
    • Esrig, D.1    Spruck, C.H.2    Nichols, P.W.3
  • 5
    • 0032521376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated and absent pRb expression is associated with bladder cancer progression and has cooperative effects with p53
    • Cote R.J., Dunn M.D., Chatterjee S.J., et al. Elevated and absent pRb expression is associated with bladder cancer progression and has cooperative effects with p53. Cancer Res 1998, 58:1090-1094.
    • (1998) Cancer Res , vol.58 , pp. 1090-1094
    • Cote, R.J.1    Dunn, M.D.2    Chatterjee, S.J.3
  • 6
    • 0033594396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutation of the 9q34 gene TSC1 in sporadic bladder cancer
    • Hornigold N., Devlin J., Davies A.M., et al. Mutation of the 9q34 gene TSC1 in sporadic bladder cancer. Oncogene 1999, 18:2657-2661.
    • (1999) Oncogene , vol.18 , pp. 2657-2661
    • Hornigold, N.1    Devlin, J.2    Davies, A.M.3
  • 7
    • 0032841519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequent activating mutations of FGFR3 in human bladder and cervix carcinomas
    • Cappellen D., De Oliveira C., Ricol D., et al. Frequent activating mutations of FGFR3 in human bladder and cervix carcinomas. Nat Genet 1999, 23:18-20.
    • (1999) Nat Genet , vol.23 , pp. 18-20
    • Cappellen, D.1    De Oliveira, C.2    Ricol, D.3
  • 8
    • 33747873545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PIK3CA mutations are an early genetic alteration associated with FGFR3 mutations in superficial papillary bladder tumors
    • Lopez-Knowles E., Hernandez S., Malats N., et al. PIK3CA mutations are an early genetic alteration associated with FGFR3 mutations in superficial papillary bladder tumors. Cancer Res 2006, 66:7401-7404.
    • (2006) Cancer Res , vol.66 , pp. 7401-7404
    • Lopez-Knowles, E.1    Hernandez, S.2    Malats, N.3
  • 9
    • 70349667473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spectrum of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway gene alterations in bladder cancer
    • Platt F.M., Hurst C.D., Taylor C.F., et al. Spectrum of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway gene alterations in bladder cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2009, 15:6008-6017.
    • (2009) Clin Cancer Res , vol.15 , pp. 6008-6017
    • Platt, F.M.1    Hurst, C.D.2    Taylor, C.F.3
  • 10
    • 26444453688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bladder cancer stage and outcome by array-based comparative genomic hybridization
    • Blaveri E., Brewer J.L., Roydasgupta R., et al. Bladder cancer stage and outcome by array-based comparative genomic hybridization. Clin Cancer Res 2005, 11:7012-7022.
    • (2005) Clin Cancer Res , vol.11 , pp. 7012-7022
    • Blaveri, E.1    Brewer, J.L.2    Roydasgupta, R.3
  • 11
    • 2642670285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chromosomal aberrations associated with invasion in papillary superficial bladder cancer
    • Simon R., Burger H., Brinkschmidt C., et al. Chromosomal aberrations associated with invasion in papillary superficial bladder cancer. JPathol 1998, 185:345-351.
    • (1998) JPathol , vol.185 , pp. 345-351
    • Simon, R.1    Burger, H.2    Brinkschmidt, C.3
  • 12
    • 0030875221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marked genetic differences between stage pTa and stage pT1 papillary bladder cancer detected by comparative genomic hybridization
    • Richter J., Jiang F., Gorog J.P., et al. Marked genetic differences between stage pTa and stage pT1 papillary bladder cancer detected by comparative genomic hybridization. Cancer Res 1997, 57:2860-2864.
    • (1997) Cancer Res , vol.57 , pp. 2860-2864
    • Richter, J.1    Jiang, F.2    Gorog, J.P.3
  • 13
    • 0029031775 scopus 로고
    • Detection of chromosomal imbalances in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder by comparative genomic hybridization
    • Voorter C., Joos S., Bringuier P.P., et al. Detection of chromosomal imbalances in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder by comparative genomic hybridization. Am J Pathol 1995, 146:1341-1354.
    • (1995) Am J Pathol , vol.146 , pp. 1341-1354
    • Voorter, C.1    Joos, S.2    Bringuier, P.P.3
  • 14
    • 0028918829 scopus 로고
    • Identification of gains and losses of DNA sequences in primary bladder cancer by comparative genomic hybridization
    • Kallioniemi A., Kallioniemi O.P., Citro G., et al. Identification of gains and losses of DNA sequences in primary bladder cancer by comparative genomic hybridization. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 1995, 12:213-219.
    • (1995) Genes Chromosomes Cancer , vol.12 , pp. 213-219
    • Kallioniemi, A.1    Kallioniemi, O.P.2    Citro, G.3
  • 15
    • 78651330430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • COSMIC: mining complete cancer genomes in the catalogue of somatic mutations in cancer
    • Forbes S.A., Bindal N., Bamford S., et al. COSMIC: mining complete cancer genomes in the catalogue of somatic mutations in cancer. Nucleic Acids Res 2011, 39:D945-D950.
    • (2011) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.39 , pp. D945-D950
    • Forbes, S.A.1    Bindal, N.2    Bamford, S.3
  • 16
    • 77953819013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bladder cancer or bladder cancers? Genetically distinct malignant conditions of the urothelium
    • Goebell P.J., Knowles M.A. Bladder cancer or bladder cancers? Genetically distinct malignant conditions of the urothelium. Urol Oncol 2010, 28:409-428.
    • (2010) Urol Oncol , vol.28 , pp. 409-428
    • Goebell, P.J.1    Knowles, M.A.2
  • 17
    • 0029146575 scopus 로고
    • P16 (CDKN2) is a major deletion target at 9p21 in bladder cancer
    • Williamson M.P., Elder P.A., Shaw M.E., et al. p16 (CDKN2) is a major deletion target at 9p21 in bladder cancer. Hum Mol Genet 1995, 4:1569-1577.
    • (1995) Hum Mol Genet , vol.4 , pp. 1569-1577
    • Williamson, M.P.1    Elder, P.A.2    Shaw, M.E.3
  • 18
    • 49749100700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular pathogenesis of bladder cancer
    • Knowles M.A. Molecular pathogenesis of bladder cancer. Int J Clin Oncol 2008, 13:287-297.
    • (2008) Int J Clin Oncol , vol.13 , pp. 287-297
    • Knowles, M.A.1
  • 19
    • 84897022815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comprehensive molecular characterization of urothelial bladder carcinoma
    • The Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network Comprehensive molecular characterization of urothelial bladder carcinoma. Nature 2014, 507:315-322.
    • (2014) Nature , vol.507 , pp. 315-322
  • 20
    • 80052266351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequent mutations of chromatin remodeling genes in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder
    • Gui Y., Guo G., Huang Y., et al. Frequent mutations of chromatin remodeling genes in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Nat Genet 2011, 43:875-878.
    • (2011) Nat Genet , vol.43 , pp. 875-878
    • Gui, Y.1    Guo, G.2    Huang, Y.3
  • 21
    • 84888380730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whole-genome and whole-exome sequencing of bladder cancer identifies frequent alterations in genes involved in sister chromatid cohesion and segregation
    • Guo G.W., Sun X.J., Chen C., et al. Whole-genome and whole-exome sequencing of bladder cancer identifies frequent alterations in genes involved in sister chromatid cohesion and segregation. Nat Genet 2013, 45:1459-1463.
    • (2013) Nat Genet , vol.45 , pp. 1459-1463
    • Guo, G.W.1    Sun, X.J.2    Chen, C.3
  • 22
    • 84899833582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whole-genome sequencing of bladder cancers reveals somatic CDKN1A mutations and clinicopathological associations with mutation burden
    • Cazier J.B., Rao S.R., McLean C.M., et al. Whole-genome sequencing of bladder cancers reveals somatic CDKN1A mutations and clinicopathological associations with mutation burden. Nat Commun 2014, 5:3756.
    • (2014) Nat Commun , vol.5 , pp. 3756
    • Cazier, J.B.1    Rao, S.R.2    McLean, C.M.3
  • 23
    • 84885735554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutational landscape and significance across 12 major cancer types
    • Kandoth C., McLellan M.D., Vandin F., et al. Mutational landscape and significance across 12 major cancer types. Nature 2013, 502:333-339.
    • (2013) Nature , vol.502 , pp. 333-339
    • Kandoth, C.1    McLellan, M.D.2    Vandin, F.3
  • 24
    • 84861541343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutational processes molding the genomes of 21 breast cancers
    • Nik-Zainal S., Alexandrov L.B., Wedge D.C., Breast Cancer Working Group of the International Cancer Genome Consortium, et al. Mutational processes molding the genomes of 21 breast cancers. Cell 2012, 149:979-993.
    • (2012) Cell , vol.149 , pp. 979-993
    • Nik-Zainal, S.1    Alexandrov, L.B.2    Wedge, D.C.3
  • 25
    • 84861460657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clustered mutations in yeast and in human cancers can arise from damaged long single-strand DNA regions
    • Roberts S.A., Sterling J., Thompson C., et al. Clustered mutations in yeast and in human cancers can arise from damaged long single-strand DNA regions. Mol Cell 2012, 46:424-435.
    • (2012) Mol Cell , vol.46 , pp. 424-435
    • Roberts, S.A.1    Sterling, J.2    Thompson, C.3
  • 26
    • 1842591164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-resolution analysis of genomic copy number alterations in bladder cancer by microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization
    • Hurst C.D., Fiegler H., Carr P., et al. High-resolution analysis of genomic copy number alterations in bladder cancer by microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization. Oncogene 2004, 23:2250-2263.
    • (2004) Oncogene , vol.23 , pp. 2250-2263
    • Hurst, C.D.1    Fiegler, H.2    Carr, P.3
  • 27
    • 0031794480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns of chromosomal imbalances in advanced urinary bladder cancer detected by comparative genomic hybridization
    • Richter J., Beffa L., Wagner U., et al. Patterns of chromosomal imbalances in advanced urinary bladder cancer detected by comparative genomic hybridization. Am J Pathol 1998, 153:1615-1621.
    • (1998) Am J Pathol , vol.153 , pp. 1615-1621
    • Richter, J.1    Beffa, L.2    Wagner, U.3
  • 28
    • 0035890358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of cytogenetic subgroups and karyotypic pathways in transitional cell carcinoma
    • Hoglund M., Sall T., Heim S., et al. Identification of cytogenetic subgroups and karyotypic pathways in transitional cell carcinoma. Cancer Res 2001, 61:8241-8246.
    • (2001) Cancer Res , vol.61 , pp. 8241-8246
    • Hoglund, M.1    Sall, T.2    Heim, S.3
  • 29
    • 0025782858 scopus 로고
    • Identification of p53 gene mutations in bladder cancers and urine samples
    • Sidransky D., Von Eschenbach A., Tsai Y.C., et al. Identification of p53 gene mutations in bladder cancers and urine samples. Science 1991, 252:706-709.
    • (1991) Science , vol.252 , pp. 706-709
    • Sidransky, D.1    Von Eschenbach, A.2    Tsai, Y.C.3
  • 30
    • 0027516618 scopus 로고
    • Loss of RB protein expression in primary bladder cancer correlates with loss of heterozygosity at the RB locus and tumor progression
    • Xu H.J., Cairns P., Hu S.X., et al. Loss of RB protein expression in primary bladder cancer correlates with loss of heterozygosity at the RB locus and tumor progression. Int J Cancer 1993, 53:781-784.
    • (1993) Int J Cancer , vol.53 , pp. 781-784
    • Xu, H.J.1    Cairns, P.2    Hu, S.X.3
  • 31
    • 0025905183 scopus 로고
    • The E2F transcription factor is a cellular target for the RB protein
    • Chellappan S.P., Hiebert S., Mudryj M., et al. The E2F transcription factor is a cellular target for the RB protein. Cell 1991, 65:1053-1061.
    • (1991) Cell , vol.65 , pp. 1053-1061
    • Chellappan, S.P.1    Hiebert, S.2    Mudryj, M.3
  • 32
    • 84865805666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transforming fusions of FGFR and TACC genes in human glioblastoma
    • Singh D., Chan J.M., Zoppoli P., et al. Transforming fusions of FGFR and TACC genes in human glioblastoma. Science 2012, 337:1231-1235.
    • (2012) Science , vol.337 , pp. 1231-1235
    • Singh, D.1    Chan, J.M.2    Zoppoli, P.3
  • 33
    • 84873045850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oncogenic FGFR3 gene fusions in bladder cancer
    • Williams S.V., Hurst C.D., Knowles M.A. Oncogenic FGFR3 gene fusions in bladder cancer. Hum Mol Genet 2013, 22:795-803.
    • (2013) Hum Mol Genet , vol.22 , pp. 795-803
    • Williams, S.V.1    Hurst, C.D.2    Knowles, M.A.3
  • 34
    • 84865994665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional analysis of receptor tyrosine kinase mutations in lung cancer identifies oncogenic extracellular domain mutations of ERBB2
    • Greulich H., Kaplan B., Mertins P., et al. Functional analysis of receptor tyrosine kinase mutations in lung cancer identifies oncogenic extracellular domain mutations of ERBB2. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2012, 109:14476-14481.
    • (2012) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.109 , pp. 14476-14481
    • Greulich, H.1    Kaplan, B.2    Mertins, P.3
  • 35
    • 84898438090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oncogenic ERBB3 mutations in human cancers
    • Jaiswal B.S., Kljavin N.M., Stawiski E.W., et al. Oncogenic ERBB3 mutations in human cancers. Cancer Cell 2014, 25:543-544.
    • (2014) Cancer Cell , vol.25 , pp. 543-544
    • Jaiswal, B.S.1    Kljavin, N.M.2    Stawiski, E.W.3
  • 36
    • 84904479838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EGFR as a potential therapeutic target for a subset of muscle-invasive bladder cancers presenting a basal-like phenotype
    • Rebouissou S., Bernard-Pierrot I., de Reynies A., et al. EGFR as a potential therapeutic target for a subset of muscle-invasive bladder cancers presenting a basal-like phenotype. Sci Transl Med 2014, 6:244ra91.
    • (2014) Sci Transl Med , vol.6 , pp. 244ra91
    • Rebouissou, S.1    Bernard-Pierrot, I.2    de Reynies, A.3
  • 37
    • 84867333656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome sequencing identifies a basis for everolimus sensitivity
    • Iyer G., Hanrahan A.J., Milowsky M.I., et al. Genome sequencing identifies a basis for everolimus sensitivity. Science 2012, 338:221.
    • (2012) Science , vol.338 , pp. 221
    • Iyer, G.1    Hanrahan, A.J.2    Milowsky, M.I.3
  • 38
    • 84899680978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activating mTOR mutations in a patient with an extraordinary response on a phase I trial of everolimus and pazopanib
    • Wagle N., Grabiner B.C., Van Allen E.M., et al. Activating mTOR mutations in a patient with an extraordinary response on a phase I trial of everolimus and pazopanib. Cancer Discov 2014, 4:546-553.
    • (2014) Cancer Discov , vol.4 , pp. 546-553
    • Wagle, N.1    Grabiner, B.C.2    Van Allen, E.M.3
  • 39
    • 51649130168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer related mutations in NRF2 impair its recognition by Keap1-Cul3 E3 ligase and promote malignancy
    • Shibata T., Ohta T., Tong K.I., et al. Cancer related mutations in NRF2 impair its recognition by Keap1-Cul3 E3 ligase and promote malignancy. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2008, 105:13568.
    • (2008) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.105 , pp. 13568
    • Shibata, T.1    Ohta, T.2    Tong, K.I.3
  • 40
    • 80255134542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TXNIP (VDUP-1, TBP-2): a major redox regulator commonly suppressed in cancer by epigenetic mechanisms
    • Zhou J.B.A., Yu Q., Chng W.J. TXNIP (VDUP-1, TBP-2): a major redox regulator commonly suppressed in cancer by epigenetic mechanisms. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2011, 43:1668-1673.
    • (2011) Int J Biochem Cell Biol , vol.43 , pp. 1668-1673
    • Zhou, J.B.A.1    Yu, Q.2    Chng, W.J.3
  • 41
    • 0028593992 scopus 로고
    • Adipocyte-specific transcription factor-ARF6 is a heterodimeric complex of 2 nuclear hormone receptors, PPAR-gamma and RXR-alpha
    • Tontonoz P., Graves R.A., Budavari A.I., et al. Adipocyte-specific transcription factor-ARF6 is a heterodimeric complex of 2 nuclear hormone receptors, PPAR-gamma and RXR-alpha. Nucleic Acids Res 1994, 22:5628-5634.
    • (1994) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.22 , pp. 5628-5634
    • Tontonoz, P.1    Graves, R.A.2    Budavari, A.I.3
  • 42
    • 84897865695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequent inactivating mutations of STAG2 inbladder cancer are associated with low tumour grade and stage and inversely related to chromosomal copy number changes
    • Taylor C.F., Platt F.M., Hurst C.D., et al. Frequent inactivating mutations of STAG2 inbladder cancer are associated with low tumour grade and stage and inversely related to chromosomal copy number changes. Hum Mol Genet 2014, 23:1964-1974.
    • (2014) Hum Mol Genet , vol.23 , pp. 1964-1974
    • Taylor, C.F.1    Platt, F.M.2    Hurst, C.D.3
  • 43
    • 84888354078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recurrent inactivation of STAG2 in bladder cancer is not associated with aneuploidy
    • Balbas-Martinez C., Sagrera A., Carrillo-de-Santa-Pau E., et al. Recurrent inactivation of STAG2 in bladder cancer is not associated with aneuploidy. Nat Genet 2013, 45:1464-1469.
    • (2013) Nat Genet , vol.45 , pp. 1464-1469
    • Balbas-Martinez, C.1    Sagrera, A.2    Carrillo-de-Santa-Pau, E.3
  • 44
    • 84888340419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequent truncating mutations of STAG2 in bladder cancer
    • Solomon D.A., Kim J.S., Bondaruk J., et al. Frequent truncating mutations of STAG2 in bladder cancer. Nat Genet 2013, 45:1428-1430.
    • (2013) Nat Genet , vol.45 , pp. 1428-1430
    • Solomon, D.A.1    Kim, J.S.2    Bondaruk, J.3
  • 45
    • 0035176067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The xeroderma pigmentosum group D (XPD) gene: one gene, two functions, three diseases
    • Lehmann A.R. The xeroderma pigmentosum group D (XPD) gene: one gene, two functions, three diseases. Genes Dev 2001, 15:15-23.
    • (2001) Genes Dev , vol.15 , pp. 15-23
    • Lehmann, A.R.1
  • 46
    • 84907529434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Somatic ERCC2 mutations correlate with cisplatin sensitivity in muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma
    • Van Allen E.M., Mouw K.W., Kim P., et al. Somatic ERCC2 mutations correlate with cisplatin sensitivity in muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma. Cancer Discov 2014, 4:1140-1153.
    • (2014) Cancer Discov , vol.4 , pp. 1140-1153
    • Van Allen, E.M.1    Mouw, K.W.2    Kim, P.3
  • 47
    • 20244368343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting response to methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin neoadjuvant chemotherapy for bladder cancers through genome-wide gene expression profiling
    • Takata R., Katagiri T., Kanehira M., et al. Predicting response to methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin neoadjuvant chemotherapy for bladder cancers through genome-wide gene expression profiling. Clin Cancer Res 2005, 11:2625-2636.
    • (2005) Clin Cancer Res , vol.11 , pp. 2625-2636
    • Takata, R.1    Katagiri, T.2    Kanehira, M.3
  • 48
    • 84893520397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of distinct basal and luminal subtypes of muscle-invasive bladder cancer with different sensitivities to frontline chemotherapy
    • Choi W., Porten S., Kim S., et al. Identification of distinct basal and luminal subtypes of muscle-invasive bladder cancer with different sensitivities to frontline chemotherapy. Cancer Cell 2014, 25:152-165.
    • (2014) Cancer Cell , vol.25 , pp. 152-165
    • Choi, W.1    Porten, S.2    Kim, S.3
  • 49
    • 84896844735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrinsic subtypes of high-grade bladder cancer reflect the hallmarks of breast cancer biology
    • Damrauer J.S., Hoadley K.A., Chism D.D., et al. Intrinsic subtypes of high-grade bladder cancer reflect the hallmarks of breast cancer biology. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2014, 111:3110-3115.
    • (2014) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.111 , pp. 3110-3115
    • Damrauer, J.S.1    Hoadley, K.A.2    Chism, D.D.3
  • 50
    • 84862576866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amolecular taxonomy for urothelial carcinoma
    • Sjodahl G., Lauss M., Lovgren K., et al. Amolecular taxonomy for urothelial carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2012, 18:3377-3386.
    • (2012) Clin Cancer Res , vol.18 , pp. 3377-3386
    • Sjodahl, G.1    Lauss, M.2    Lovgren, K.3
  • 51
    • 84883162217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward a molecular pathologic classification of urothelial carcinoma
    • Sjodahl G., Lovgren K., Lauss M., et al. Toward a molecular pathologic classification of urothelial carcinoma. Am J Pathol 2013, 183:681-691.
    • (2013) Am J Pathol , vol.183 , pp. 681-691
    • Sjodahl, G.1    Lovgren, K.2    Lauss, M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.