Xenophobic Rhetoric and Its Political Effects on Immigrants and Their Co-Ethnics

American Journal of Political Science

Volumn 59, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 549-564

  Pérez, Efrén O ^a  

^a VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84933670346     PISSN: 00925853     EISSN: 15405907     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/ajps.12131     Document Type: Article

References (84)

1. Abrajano, Marisa A., and R. Michael Alvarez . 2010. New Faces, New Voices: The Hispanic Electorate in America. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
2. Adcock, Robert, and David Collier . 2001. "Measurement Validity: A Shared Standard for Qualitative and Quantitative Research." American Political Science Review 95(3): 529-46.
3. Alba, Richard, and Victor Nee . 2003. Remaking the American Mainstream: Assimilation and Contemporary Immigration. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
4. Aleinikoff, T. Alexander, and Ruben G. Rumbaut . 2008. "Terms of Belonging: Are Models of Membership Self-Fulfilling Prophecies?" Georgetown Immigration Law Journal 13(1): 1-24.
5. Armenta, Brian E., and Jennifer S. Hunt . 2009. "Responding to Societal Devaluation: Effects of Perceived Personal and Group Discrimination on the Ethnic Group Identification and Personal Self-Esteem of Latino/Latina Adolescents." Group Processes and Intergroup Relations 12(1): 23-29.
6. Ashmore, Richard D., Kay Deaux, and Tracy McLaughlin-Volpe . 2004. "An Organizing Framework for Collective Identity: Articulation and Significance of Multidimensionality." Psychological Bulletin 130(1): 80-114.
7. Binder, Norman, J. L. Polinard, and Robert Wrinkle . 1997. "Mexican American and Anglo Attitudes toward Immigration Reform: A View from the Border." Social Science Quarterly 78(2): 324-37.
8. Block, Ray. 2011. "What about Disillusionment? Exploring the Pathways to Black Nationalism." Political Behavior 33(1): 27-51.
9. Brader, Ted, Nicholas A. Valentino, and Elizabeth Suhay . 2008. "What Triggers Public Opposition to Immigration? Anxiety, Group Cues, and Immigration Threat." American Journal of Political Science 52(4): 959-78.
10. Branscombe, Nyla R., Michael T. Schmitt, and Richard D. Harvey . 1999. "Perceiving Pervasive Discrimination among African Americans: Implications for Group Identification and Well-Being." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 77(1): 135-49.
11. Branton, Regina. 2007. "Latino Attitudes toward Various Areas of Public Policy: The Importance of Acculturation." Political Research Quarterly 60(2): 293-303.
12. Brewer, Marilynn B. 1999. "The Psychology of Prejudice: Ingroup Love or Outgroup Hate?" Journal of Social Issues 55(3): 429-44.
13. Brown, Timothy A. 2006. Confirmatory Factor Analysis for Applied Research. New York: Guilford Press.
14. Chanley, Virginia A., Thomas J. Rudolph, and Wendy M. Rahn . 2000. "The Origins and Consequences of Public Trust in Government: A Time Series Analysis." Public Opinion Quarterly 64(3): 239-56.
15. Chavez, Leo R. 2001. Covering Immigration: Popular Images and the Politics of the Nation. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
16. Citrin, Jack. 1974. "Comment: The Political Relevance of Trust in Government." American Political Science Review 68(3): 973-88.
17. Citrin, Jack, Amy Lerman, Michael Murakami, and Kathryn Pearson . 2007. "Testing Huntington: Is Hispanic Immigration a Threat to American Identity?" Perspectives on Politics 5(1): 31-48.
18. Cronin, Tracey J., Shana Levin, Nyla R. Branscombe, Colette van Laar, and Linda R. Tropp . 2012. "Ethnic Identification in Response to Perceived Discrimination Protects Well-Being and Promotes Activism: A Longitudinal Study of Latino College Students." Group Processes and Intergroup Relations 15(3): 393-407.
19. Cropper, Porsha. 2011. "Latino Identity in Contexts of Threat: The Determinants of Vote Choice in Response to Explicit and Implicit Cues in Anti-Immigrant Rhetoric." Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, Seattle, WA.
20. Cruz, Theresa H., Stephen W. Marshall, J. Michael Bowling, and Andrés Villaveces . 2008. "The Validity of a Proxy Acculturation Scale among U.S. Hispanics." Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences 30(4): 425-46.
21. Davis, Darren W., and Ronald E. Brown . 2002. "The Antipathy of Black Nationalism: Behavioral and Attitudinal Implications of an African American Ideology." American Journal of Political Science 46(2): 239-52.
22. Dawson, Michael C. 2001. Black Visions: The Roots of Contemporary African-American Political Ideologies. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
23. Doosje, Bertjan, Naomi Ellemers, and Russell Spears . 1995. "Perceived Intragroup Variability as a Function of Group Status and Identification." Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 31(5): 410-36.
24. Doosje, Bertjan, Russell Spears, and Naomi Ellemers . 2002. "Social Identity as Both Cause and Effect: The Development of Group Identification in Response to Anticipated and Actual Changes in the Intergroup Status Hierarchy." British Journal of Social Psychology 41(1): 57-76.
25. Druckman, James N., and Cindy D. Kam . 2011. "Students as Experimental Participants: A Defense of the 'Narrow Data Base.'" In Handbook of Experimental Political Science, ed. James N. Druckman, Donald P. Green, James H. Kuklinski, and Arthur Lupia . New York: Cambridge University Press, 41-57.
26. Ellemers, Naomi, Manuela Barreto, and Russell Spears . 1999. "Commitment and Strategic Responses to Social Context." In Social Identity Context, Commitment, and Content, ed. Naomi Ellemers, Russell Spears, and Bertjan Doosje . Oxford: Blackwell, 127-46.
27. Ellemers, Naomi, Russell Spears, and Bertjan Doosje . 1997. "Sticking Together or Falling Apart: In-Group Identification as a Psychological Determinant of Group Commitment versus Individual Mobility." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 72(3): 617-26.
28. Ellemers, Naomi, Russell Spears, and Bertjan Doosje . 2002. "Self and Social Identity." Annual Review of Psychology 53: 161-86.
29. Ethier, Kathleen A., and Kay Deaux . 1994. "Negotiating Social Identity When Contexts Change: Maintaining Identification and Responding to Threat." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 67(2): 243-51.
30. Fraga, Luis Ricardo, John A. Garcia, Rodney E. Hero, Michael Jones-Correa, Valerie Martinez-Ebers, and Gary M. Segura . 2010. Latino Lives in America: Making it Home. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.
31. Garcia Bedolla, Lisa. 2005. Fluid Borders: Latino Power, Identity, and Politics in Los Angeles. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
32. Garcia, Ignacio M. 1997. Chicanismo: The Forging of a Militant Ethos among Mexican Americans. Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press.
33. Hetherington, Marc J. 2005. Why Trust Matters: Declining Political Trust and the Demise of American Liberalism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
34. Hoefer, Michael, Nancy Rytina, and Bryan C. Baker . 2011. Estimates of the Unauthorized Immigration Population Residing in the United States: January 2010. Washington, DC: DHS Office of Immigration Statistics.
35. Hopkins, Daniel J. 2010. "Politicized Places: Explaining Where and When Immigrants Provoke Local Opposition." American Political Science Review 104(1): 40-60.
36. Huddy, Leonie. 2001. "From Social to Political Identity: A Critical Examination of Social Identity Theory." Political Psychology 22(1): 127-56.
37. Jiménez, Tomás R. 2010. Replenished Ethnicity: Mexican Americans, Immigration, and Identity. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
38. Kam, Cindy D., and Robert J. Franzese . 2007. Modeling and Interpreting Interactive Hypotheses in Regression Analysis. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.
39. Kam, Cindy D., and Donald R. Kinder . 2007. "Terror and Ethnocentrism: Foundations of American Support for the War on Terrorism." Journal of Politics 69(2): 320-38.
40. Kinder, Donald R., and Cindy D. Kam . 2009. Us Against Them: Ethnocentric Foundations of American Opinion. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
41. Leach, Colin Wayne, Patricia M. Rodriguez Mosquera, Michael L. W. Vliek, and Emily Hirt . 2010. "Group Devaluation and Group Identification." Journal of Social Issues 66(3): 535-52.
42. Leach, Colin Wayne, Martijn van Zomeren, Sven Zebel, Michael L. W. Vliek, Sjoerd F. Pennekamp, Bertjan Doosje, and Jaap W. Oukerkerk . 2008. "Group-Level Self-Definition and Self-Investment: A Hierarchical (Multicomponent) Model of In-Group Identification." Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 95(1): 144-65.
43. Lee, Taeku. 2008. "Race, Immigration, and the Identity-to-Politics Link." Annual Review of Political Science 11: 457-78.
44. Lien, Pei-Te, M. Margaret Conway, and Janelle Wong . 2004. The Politics of Asian Americans: Diversity and Community. New York: Routledge.
45. Luhtanen, Riia, and Jennifer Crocker . 1992. "A Collective Self-Esteem Scale: Self-Evaluation of One's Social Identity." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 18(3): 302-18.
46. Mara, Gerald. 2001. "Thucydides and Plato on Democracy and Trust." Journal of Politics 63(3): 820-45.
47. Marín, Gerardo, Fabio Sabogal, Barbara Vanoss Marín, Regina Otero-Sabogal, and Eliseo J. Perez-Stable . 1987. "Development of a Short Acculturation Scale for Hispanics." Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences 9(2): 183-205.
48. Márquez, Benjamin, and Rodolfo Espino . 2010. "Mexican American Support for Third Parties: The Case of La Raza Unida." Ethnic and Racial Studies 33(2): 290-312.
49. Merolla, Jennifer L., Adrian D. Pantoja, Ivy A. M. Cargile, and Juana Mora . 2013. "From Coverage to Action: The Immigration Debate and Its Effects on Participation." Political Research Quarterly 66(2): 322-35.
50. Michelson, Melissa R. 2003. "The Corrosive Effect of Acculturation: How Mexican Americans Lose Political Trust." Social Science Quarterly 84(4): 918-33.
51. Miller, Arthur H. 1974. "Political Issues and Trust in Government: 1964-1970." American Political Science Review 68(3): 951-72.
52. Mutz, Diana C. 2011. Population-Based Survey Experiments. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
53. Nelson, Thomas E., and Donald R. Kinder. 1996. "Issue Frames and Group-Centrism in American Public Opinion." The Journal of Politics 58(4): 1055-78.
54. Nunnally, Shayla C. 2012. Trust in Black America: Race, Discrimination, and Politics. New York: New York University Press.
55. Pantoja, Adrian D. 2006. "Against the Tide? Core American Values and Attitudes Ttoward U.S. Immigration Policy in the Mid-1990s." Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 32(3): 515-31.
56. Pantoja, Adrian, Ricardo Ramírez, and Gary M. Segura . 2001. "Citizens by Choice, Voters by Necessity: Patterns in Political Mobilization by Naturalized Latinos." Political Research Quarterly 54(4): 729-50.
57. Pantoja, Adrian D., and Gary M. Segura . 2003. "Fear and Loathing in California: Contextual Threat and Political Sophistication among Latino Voters." Political Behavior 25(3): 265-86.
58. Pedraza, Francisco I. 2011. "One Size Fits All? Re-Examining the Link between Acculturation and Latino Immigration Policy Preferences." Paper presented at the Junior Faculty Manuscript Workshop, Texas A&M University.
59. Pérez, Efrén O. 2013. "Unspoken: Implicit Attitudes and Political Thinking." Unpublished manuscript, Vanderbilt University.
60. Polinard, Jerry, Robert Wrinkle, and Rodolfo de la Garza . 1984. "Attitudes of Mexican Americans toward Irregular Mexican Immigration." International Migration Review 18(3): 782-899.
61. Portes, Alejandro, and Rubén G. Rumbaut . 2006. Immigrant America: A Portrait. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
62. Portes, Alejandro, and Min Zhou . 1993. "The New Second Generation: Segmented Assimilation and Its Variants." Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 530(1): 74-96.
63. Ramírez, Ricardo. 2002. "The Changing Landscape of California Politics, 1990-2000." Ph.D Dissertation, Stanford University.
64. Ramírez, Ricardo, and Luis Fraga . 2008. "Continuity and Change: Latino Political Incorporation in California since 1990." In Racial and Ethnic Politics in California: Continuity and Change, ed. Sandra Bass and Bruce E. Cain . Berkeley, CA: Berkeley Public Policy Press, 61-93.
65. Ramos, Miguel R., Jolanda Jetten, Airong Zhang, Constantina Badea, Aarti Iyer, Lijuan Cui, and Yuling Zhang . 2013. "Minority Goals for Interaction with the Majority: Seeking Distance from the Majority and the Effect of Rejection on Identification." European Journal of Social Psychology 43(1): 72-83.
66. Rumbaut, Rubén G. 1997. "Assimilation and Its Discontents: Between Rhetoric and Reality." International Migration Review 31(4): 923-60.
67. Rumbaut, Rubén G. 2008. "Reaping What You Sow: Immigration, Youth, and Reactive Ethnicity." Applied Development Science 12(2): 108-11.
68. Santa Ana, Otto. 2002. Brown Tide Rising: Metaphors of Latinos in Contemporary American Public Discourse. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press.
69. Scheve, Kenneth F., and Matthew J. Slaughter . 2001. "Labor Market Competition and Individual Preferences over Immigration Policy." Review of Economics and Statistics 83(1): 133-45.
70. Shadish, William, Thomas D. Cook, and Donald T. Campbell . 2002. Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Designs for Generalized Causal Inference. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin.
71. Sides, John, and Jack Citrin . 2007. "European Opinion about Immigration: The Role of Identities, Interests and Information." British Journal of Political Science 37(3): 477-504.
72. Sniderman, Paul M., and Louk Hagendoorn . 2007. When Ways of Life Collide: Multiculturalism and Its Discontents in the Netherlands. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
73. Sniderman, Paul M., Louk Hagendoorn, and Markus Prior . 2004. "Predisposing Factors and Situational Triggers: Exclusionary Reactions to Immigrant Minorities." American Political Science Review 98(1): 35-49.
74. Spears, Russell, Bertjan Doosje, and Naomi Ellemers . 1997. "Self-Stereotyping in the Face of Threats to Group Status and Distinctiveness: The Role of Group Identification." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 23(5): 538-53.
75. Spears, Russell, Bertjan Doosje, and Naomi Ellemers . 1999. "Commitment and the Context of Social Perception." In Social Identity Context, Commitment, and Content, ed. Naomi Ellemers, Russell Spears, and Bertjan Doosje . Oxford: Blackwell, 59-83.
76. Steele, Claude M., Steven J. Spencer, and Joshua Aronson . 2002. "Contending with Group Image: The Psychology of Stereotype and Identity Threat." Advances in Experimental Social Psychology 34(1): 379-440.
77. Tajfel, Henri, and John C. Turner . 1979. "An Integrative Theory of Intergroup Conflict." In The Social Psychology of Intergroup Relations, ed. William G. Austin and Stephen Worchel . Monterey, CA: Brooks/Cole, 33-47.
78. Tajfel, Henri, Michael G. Billig, R. P. Bundy, and Claude Flamente . 1971. "Social Categorization and Intergroup Behavior." European Journal of Social Psychology 1(2): 149-78.
79. Tate, Katherine. 2003. Black Faces in the Mirror: African Americans and Their Representatives in the U.S. Congress. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
80. Transue, John E. 2007. "Identity Salience, Identity Acceptance, and Racial Policy Attitudes: American Identity as a Uniting Force." American Journal of Political Science 51(1): 78-91.
81. Turner, John C., Michael A. Hogg, Penelope J. Oakes, Stephen D. Reicher, and Margaret S. Wetherell . 1987. Re-discovering the Social Group: A Self-Categorization Theory. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
82. Valentino, Nicholas A., Ted Brader, and Ashley Jardina . 2013. "Immigration Opposition among U.S. Whites: General Ethnocentrism or Media Priming of Attitudes about Latinos?" Political Psychology 34(2): 149-66.
83. Verkuyten, Maykel, and Ali Aslan Yildiz. 2007. "National (Dis)Identification and Ethnic and Religious Identity: A Study Among Turkish-Dutch Muslims." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 33(10): 1448-62.
84. Waters, Mary C. 1990. Ethnic Options: Choosing Identities in America. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.