메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 13, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 192-201

Inflammatory biomarkers and atrial fibrillation: Potential role of inflammatory pathways in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation-induced thromboembolism

Author keywords

Atrial fibrillation; Endothelial dysfunction; Inflammation; Platelet activation; Stroke; Virchow s triad

Indexed keywords

C REACTIVE PROTEIN; GLYCOPROTEIN IB; INTERLEUKIN 6; INTERLEUKIN 8; MONOCYTE CHEMOTACTIC PROTEIN 1; THROMBOCYTE FACTOR 4; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR; ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; AUTACOID; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; NEUROPROTECTIVE AGENT;

EID: 84929726303     PISSN: 15701611     EISSN: 18756212     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/15701611113116660165     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (24)

References (137)
  • 1
    • 0017900027 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiologic assessment of chronic atrial fibrillation and risk of stroke: The Framingham study
    • Wolf PA, Dawber TR, Thomas HE Jr, et al. Epidemiologic assessment of chronic atrial fibrillation and risk of stroke: the Framingham study. Neurology 1978; 28: 973-7
    • (1978) Neurology , vol.28 , pp. 973-977
    • Wolf, P.A.1    Dawber, T.R.2    Thomas, H.E.3
  • 2
    • 80054989831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new landscape for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: Focus on new anticoagulants, antiarrhythmic drugs, and devices
    • Banerjee A, Marín F, Lip GY. A new landscape for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: focus on new anticoagulants, antiarrhythmic drugs, and devices. Stroke 2011; 42: 3316-22
    • (2011) Stroke , vol.42 , pp. 3316-3322
    • Banerjee, A.1    Marín, F.2    Lip, G.Y.3
  • 3
    • 58149204184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of thrombogenesis in atrial fibrillation: Virchow’s triad revisited
    • Watson T, Shantsila E, Lip GY. Mechanisms of thrombogenesis in atrial fibrillation: Virchow’s triad revisited. Lancet 2009; 373: 155-66
    • (2009) Lancet , vol.373 , pp. 155-166
    • Watson, T.1    Shantsila, E.2    Lip, G.Y.3
  • 4
    • 0042244275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-6, endothelial activation and thrombogenesis in chronic atrial fibrillation
    • Roldán V, Marín F, Blann AD, et al.Interleukin-6, endothelial activation and thrombogenesis in chronic atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J 2003; 24: 1373-80
    • (2003) Eur Heart J , vol.24 , pp. 1373-1380
    • Roldán, V.1    Marín, F.2    Blann, A.D.3
  • 5
    • 2542488347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation of interleukin- 6, C-reactive protein, and the prothrombotic state to transesophageal echocardiographic findings in atrial fibrillation
    • Conway DS, Buggins P, Hughes E, Lip GY. Relation of interleukin- 6, C-reactive protein, and the prothrombotic state to transesophageal echocardiographic findings in atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 2004; 93: 1368-73
    • (2004) Am J Cardiol , vol.93 , pp. 1368-1373
    • Conway, D.S.1    Buggins, P.2    Hughes, E.3    Lip, G.Y.4
  • 6
    • 2542432880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of interleukin- 6 and C-reactive protein to the prothrombotic state in chronic atrial fibrillation
    • Conway DS, Buggins P, Hughes E, Lip GY. Relationship of interleukin- 6 and C-reactive protein to the prothrombotic state in chronic atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004; 43: 2075-82
    • (2004) J am Coll Cardiol , vol.43 , pp. 2075-2082
    • Conway, D.S.1    Buggins, P.2    Hughes, E.3    Lip, G.Y.4
  • 7
    • 4444378715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factor XIII Val34Leu polymorphism modulates the prothrombotic and inflammatory state associated with atrial fibrillation
    • Marín F, Corral J, Roldán V, et al. Factor XIII Val34Leu polymorphism modulates the prothrombotic and inflammatory state associated with atrial fibrillation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2004; 37: 699-704
    • (2004) J Mol Cell Cardiol , vol.37 , pp. 699-704
    • Marín, F.1    Corral, J.2    Roldán, V.3
  • 8
    • 14744291049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atrial fibrillation, the prothrombotic state, inflammation, and gender
    • Conway DS, Lip GY. Atrial fibrillation, the prothrombotic state, inflammation, and gender. Am J Cardiol 2005; 95: 819
    • (2005) Am J Cardiol , vol.95
    • Conway, D.S.1    Lip, G.Y.2
  • 9
    • 14844317343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation of elevated C-reactive protein and interleukin- 6 levels to left atrial size and duration of episodes in patients with atrial fibrillation
    • Psychari SN, Apostolou TS, Sinos L, Hamodraka E, Liakos G, Kremastinos DT. Relation of elevated C-reactive protein and interleukin- 6 levels to left atrial size and duration of episodes in patients with atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 2005; 95: 764-67
    • (2005) Am J Cardiol , vol.95 , pp. 764-767
    • Psychari, S.N.1    Apostolou, T.S.2    Sinos, L.3    Hamodraka, E.4    Liakos, G.5    Kremastinos, D.T.6
  • 10
    • 0033607133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased membrane and soluble P-selectin in atrial fibrillation
    • Blann AD, Li-Saw-Hee F, Lip GY, et al. Increased membrane and soluble P-selectin in atrial fibrillation. Circulation 1999; 100: e86-7
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.100 , pp. e86-e87
    • Blann, A.D.1    Li-Saw-Hee, F.2    Lip, G.Y.3
  • 11
    • 0033849310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased platelet activation and endothelial dysfunction in patients with atrial fibrillation immediately following percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty
    • Goldsmith IR, Foo LS, Blann AD, Lip GY. Increased platelet activation and endothelial dysfunction in patients with atrial fibrillation immediately following percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty. Clin Cardiol 2000; 23: 587-90
    • (2000) Clin Cardiol , vol.23 , pp. 587-590
    • Goldsmith, I.R.1    Foo, L.S.2    Blann, A.D.3    Lip, G.Y.4
  • 12
    • 0034828641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma von Willebrand factor, fibrinogen and soluble P-selectin levels in paroxysmal, persistent and permanent atrial fibrillation. Effects of cardioversion and return of left atrial function
    • Li-Saw-Hee FL, Blann AD, Gurney D, Lip GY. Plasma von Willebrand factor, fibrinogen and soluble P-selectin levels in paroxysmal, persistent and permanent atrial fibrillation. Effects of cardioversion and return of left atrial function. Eur Heart J 2001; 22: 1741-7
    • (2001) Eur Heart J , vol.22 , pp. 1741-1747
    • Li-Saw-Hee, F.L.1    Blann, A.D.2    Gurney, D.3    Lip, G.Y.4
  • 13
    • 0037044431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma von Willebrand factor and soluble p-selectin as indices of endothelial damage and platelet activation in 1321 patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: Relationship to stroke risk factors
    • Conway DS, Pearce LA, Chin BS, Hart RG, Lip GY. Plasma von Willebrand factor and soluble p-selectin as indices of endothelial damage and platelet activation in 1321 patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: relationship to stroke risk factors. Circulation 2002; 106: 1962-7
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.106 , pp. 1962-1967
    • Conway, D.S.1    Pearce, L.A.2    Chin, B.S.3    Hart, R.G.4    Lip, G.Y.5
  • 14
    • 0036845681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study of platelet activation in atrial fibrillation and the effects of antithrombotic therapy
    • Kamath S, Blann AD, Chin BS, et al. A study of platelet activation in atrial fibrillation and the effects of antithrombotic therapy. Eur Heart J 2002; 23: 1788-95
    • (2002) Eur Heart J , vol.23 , pp. 1788-1795
    • Kamath, S.1    Blann, A.D.2    Chin, B.S.3
  • 15
    • 0037036828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective randomized trial of aspirin-clopidogrel combination therapy and dose-adjusted warfarin on indices of thrombogenesis and platelet activation in atrial fibrillation
    • Kamath S, Blann AD, Chin BS, Lip GY. A prospective randomized trial of aspirin-clopidogrel combination therapy and dose-adjusted warfarin on indices of thrombogenesis and platelet activation in atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 40: 484-90
    • (2002) J am Coll Cardiol , vol.40 , pp. 484-490
    • Kamath, S.1    Blann, A.D.2    Chin, B.S.3    Lip, G.Y.4
  • 16
    • 0041326759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Platelet activation, haemorheology and thrombogenesis in acute atrial fibrillation: A comparison with permanent atrial fibrillation
    • Kamath S, Blann AD, Chin BS, Lip GY. Platelet activation, haemorheology and thrombogenesis in acute atrial fibrillation: a comparison with permanent atrial fibrillation. Heart 2003; 89: 1093-5
    • (2003) Heart , vol.89 , pp. 1093-1095
    • Kamath, S.1    Blann, A.D.2    Chin, B.S.3    Lip, G.Y.4
  • 17
    • 0037322578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atrial fibrillation and the prothrombotic state in the elderly: The Rotterdam Study
    • Conway DS, Heeringa J, Van Der Kuip DA, et al. Atrial fibrillation and the prothrombotic state in the elderly: the Rotterdam Study. Stroke 2003; 34: 413-7
    • (2003) Stroke , vol.34 , pp. 413-417
    • Conway, D.S.1    Heeringa, J.2    Van Der Kuip, D.A.3
  • 18
    • 0038417537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic value of plasma von Willebrand factor and soluble P-selectin as indices of endothelial damage and platelet activation in 994 patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation
    • Conway DS, Pearce LA, Chin BS, Hart RG, Lip GY. Prognostic value of plasma von Willebrand factor and soluble P-selectin as indices of endothelial damage and platelet activation in 994 patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Circulation 2003; 107: 3141-5
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.107 , pp. 3141-3145
    • Conway, D.S.1    Pearce, L.A.2    Chin, B.S.3    Hart, R.G.4    Lip, G.Y.5
  • 19
    • 42949158660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute onset human atrial fibrillation is associated with local cardiac platelet activation and endothelial dysfunction
    • Akar JG, Jeske W, Wilber DJ. Acute onset human atrial fibrillation is associated with local cardiac platelet activation and endothelial dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2008; 51: 1790-3
    • (2008) J am Coll Cardiol , vol.51 , pp. 1790-1793
    • Akar, J.G.1    Jeske, W.2    Wilber, D.J.3
  • 20
    • 56149120251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The endothelium and atrial fibrillation. The prothrombotic state revisited
    • Freestone B, Lip GY. The endothelium and atrial fibrillation. The prothrombotic state revisited. Hamostaseologie 2008; 28: 207-12
    • (2008) Hamostaseologie , vol.28 , pp. 207-212
    • Freestone, B.1    Lip, G.Y.2
  • 21
    • 79954570416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endothelial dysfunction and atrial fibrillation: What is the relationship?
    • Raviele A, Ronco F. Endothelial dysfunction and atrial fibrillation: what is the relationship? J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2011; 22: 383-4
    • (2011) J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol , vol.22 , pp. 383-384
    • Raviele, A.1    Ronco, F.2
  • 22
    • 67649516587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mean platelet volume is elevated during paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: A marker of increased platelet activation?
    • Colkesen Y, Acil T, Abayli B, et al. Mean platelet volume is elevated during paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: a marker of increased platelet activation? Blood Coagul Fibrinol 2008; 19: 411-4
    • (2008) Blood Coagul Fibrinol , vol.19 , pp. 411-414
    • Colkesen, Y.1    Acil, T.2    Abayli, B.3
  • 23
    • 82355173337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Platelet activation and induction of tissue factor in acute and chronic atrial fibrillation: Involvement of mononuclear cell-platelet interaction
    • Hayashi M, Takeshita K, Inden Y, et al. Platelet activation and induction of tissue factor in acute and chronic atrial fibrillation: involvement of mononuclear cell-platelet interaction. Thromb Res 2011; 128: e113-8
    • (2011) Thromb Res , vol.128 , pp. e113-e118
    • Hayashi, M.1    Takeshita, K.2    Inden, Y.3
  • 24
    • 84856216108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular damage, platelet activation, and inflammatory response after pulmonary vein isolation: A randomized study comparing radiofrequency ablation with cryoablation
    • Herrera Siklódy C, Arentz T, Minners J, et al. Cellular damage, platelet activation, and inflammatory response after pulmonary vein isolation: a randomized study comparing radiofrequency ablation with cryoablation. Heart Rhythm 2012; 9: 189-96
    • (2012) Heart Rhythm , vol.9 , pp. 189-196
    • Herrera Siklódy, C.1    Arentz, T.2    Minners, J.3
  • 25
    • 0027509345 scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis of cardiac thrombosis in patients with atrial fibrillation in the absence of macroscopically visible thrombi
    • Masawa N, Yoshida Y, Yamada T, Joshita T, Ooneda G. Diagnosis of cardiac thrombosis in patients with atrial fibrillation in the absence of macroscopically visible thrombi. Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histopathol 1993; 422: 67-71
    • (1993) Virchows Arch a Pathol Anat Histopathol , vol.422 , pp. 67-71
    • Masawa, N.1    Yoshida, Y.2    Yamada, T.3    Joshita, T.4    Ooneda, G.5
  • 26
    • 0034603506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural remodeling of the left atrial appendage in patients with chronic non-valvular atrial fibrillation: Implications for thrombus formation, systemic embolism, and assessment by transesophageal echocardiography
    • Shirani J, Alaeddini J. Structural remodeling of the left atrial appendage in patients with chronic non-valvular atrial fibrillation: Implications for thrombus formation, systemic embolism, and assessment by transesophageal echocardiography. Cardiovasc Pathol 2000; 9: 95-101
    • (2000) Cardiovasc Pathol , vol.9 , pp. 95-101
    • Shirani, J.1    Alaeddini, J.2
  • 27
    • 0035312413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased von Willebrand factor in the endocardium as a local predisposing factor for thrombogenesis in overloaded human atrial appendage
    • Fukuchi M, Watanabe J, Kumagai K, et al. Increased von Willebrand factor in the endocardium as a local predisposing factor for thrombogenesis in overloaded human atrial appendage. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001; 37: 1436-42
    • (2001) J am Coll Cardiol , vol.37 , pp. 1436-1442
    • Fukuchi, M.1    Watanabe, J.2    Kumagai, K.3
  • 28
    • 0348110434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tissue factor expression in atrial endothelia associated with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: Possible involvement in intracardiac thrombogenesis
    • Nakamura Y, Nakamura K, Fukushima-Kusano K, et al. Tissue factor expression in atrial endothelia associated with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: possible involvement in intracardiac thrombogenesis. Thromb Res 2003; 111: 137-42
    • (2003) Thromb Res , vol.111 , pp. 137-142
    • Nakamura, Y.1    Nakamura, K.2    Fukushima-Kusano, K.3
  • 29
    • 85058720208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Further insights into the prothrombotic state in mitral stenosis and atrial flutter
    • Conway. Further insights into the prothrombotic state in mitral stenosis and atrial flutter. Chest 2004; 125: 2361-62
    • (2004) Chest , vol.125 , pp. 2361-2362
    • Conway1
  • 30
    • 59649104145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolving role of C-reactive protein in atherothrombosis
    • Devaraj S, Singh U, Jialal I. The evolving role of C-reactive protein in atherothrombosis. Clin Chem 2009; 55: 229-38
    • (2009) Clin Chem , vol.55 , pp. 229-238
    • Devaraj, S.1    Singh, U.2    Jialal, I.3
  • 31
    • 2642518797 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C-reactive protein promotes monocyte chemoattractant protein-1-mediated chemotaxis through upregulating CC chemokine receptor 2 expression in human monocytes
    • Han KH, Hong KH, Park JH, et al. C-reactive protein promotes monocyte chemoattractant protein-1-mediated chemotaxis through upregulating CC chemokine receptor 2 expression in human monocytes. Circulation 2004; 109: 2566-71
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.109 , pp. 2566-2571
    • Han, K.H.1    Hong, K.H.2    Park, J.H.3
  • 32
    • 0027162435 scopus 로고
    • C-reactive protein induces human peripheral blood monocytes to synthesize tissue factor
    • Cermak J, Key NS, Bach RR, Balla J, Jacob HS, Vercellotti GM. C-reactive protein induces human peripheral blood monocytes to synthesize tissue factor. Blood 1993; 82: 513-20
    • (1993) Blood , vol.82 , pp. 513-520
    • Cermak, J.1    Key, N.S.2    Bach, R.R.3    Balla, J.4    Jacob, H.S.5    Vercellotti, G.M.6
  • 34
    • 0034037203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of fixed low-dose warfarin, aspirin-warfarin combination therapy, and dose-adjusted warfarin on thrombogenesis in chronic atrial fibrillation
    • Li-Saw-Hee FL, Blann AD, Lip GY. Effects of fixed low-dose warfarin, aspirin-warfarin combination therapy, and dose-adjusted warfarin on thrombogenesis in chronic atrial fibrillation. Stroke 2000; 31: 828-33
    • (2000) Stroke , vol.31 , pp. 828-833
    • Li-Saw-Hee, F.L.1    Blann, A.D.2    Lip, G.Y.3
  • 35
    • 0034077598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A cross-sectional and diurnal study of thrombogenesis among patients with chronic atrial fibrillation
    • Li-Saw-Hee FL, Blann AD, Lip GY. A cross-sectional and diurnal study of thrombogenesis among patients with chronic atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000; 35: 1926-31
    • (2000) J am Coll Cardiol , vol.35 , pp. 1926-1931
    • Li-Saw-Hee, F.L.1    Blann, A.D.2    Lip, G.Y.3
  • 36
    • 0036592504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beevers DG. Sequential alterations in haemorheology, endothelial dysfunction, platelet activation and thrombogenesis in relation to prognosis following acute stroke: The West Birmingham Stroke Project
    • Lip GY, Blann AD, Farooqi IS, Zarifis J, Sagar G, Beevers DG. Sequential alterations in haemorheology, endothelial dysfunction, platelet activation and thrombogenesis in relation to prognosis following acute stroke: The West Birmingham Stroke Project. Blood Coagul Fibrinol 2002; 13: 339-47
    • (2002) Blood Coagul Fibrinol , vol.13 , pp. 339-347
    • Lip, G.Y.1    Blann, A.D.2    Farooqi, I.S.3    Zarifis, J.4    Sagar, G.5
  • 37
    • 0037044431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma von Willebrand factor and soluble p-selectin as indices of endothelial damage and platelet activation in 1321 patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: Relationship to stroke risk factors
    • Conway DS, Pearce LA, Chin BS, Hart RG, Lip GY. Plasma von Willebrand factor and soluble p-selectin as indices of endothelial damage and platelet activation in 1321 patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: relationship to stroke risk factors. Circulation 2002; 106: 1962-7
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.106 , pp. 1962-1967
    • Conway, D.S.1    Pearce, L.A.2    Chin, B.S.3    Hart, R.G.4    Lip, G.Y.5
  • 38
    • 0038417537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic value of plasma von Willebrand factor and soluble P-selectin as indices of endothelial damage and platelet activation in 994 patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation
    • Conway DS, Pearce LA, Chin BS, Hart RG, Lip GY. Prognostic value of plasma von Willebrand factor and soluble P-selectin as indices of endothelial damage and platelet activation in 994 patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Circulation 2003; 107: 3141-5
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.107 , pp. 3141-3145
    • Conway, D.S.1    Pearce, L.A.2    Chin, B.S.3    Hart, R.G.4    Lip, G.Y.5
  • 39
    • 22244433146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation of plasma von Willebrand factor levels, an index of endothelial damage/ dysfunction, with two point-based stroke risk stratification scores in atrial fibrillation
    • Roldán V, Marín F, García-Herola A, Lip GY. Correlation of plasma von Willebrand factor levels, an index of endothelial damage/ dysfunction, with two point-based stroke risk stratification scores in atrial fibrillation. Thromb Res 2005; 116: 321-5
    • (2005) Thromb Res , vol.116 , pp. 321-325
    • Roldán, V.1    Marín, F.2    García-Herola, A.3    Lip, G.Y.4
  • 40
    • 33748360506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Additive role of plasma von Willebrand factor levels to clinical factors for risk stratification of patients with atrial fibrillation
    • Lip GY, Lane D, Van Walraven C, Hart RG. Additive role of plasma von Willebrand factor levels to clinical factors for risk stratification of patients with atrial fibrillation. Stroke 2006; 37: 2294-300
    • (2006) Stroke , vol.37 , pp. 2294-2300
    • Lip, G.Y.1    Lane, D.2    Van Walraven, C.3    Hart, R.G.4
  • 41
    • 84856475588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Von Willebrand factor: An emerging target in stroke therapy
    • De Meyer SF, Stoll G, Wagner DD, Kleinschnitz C. von Willebrand factor: an emerging target in stroke therapy. Stroke 2012; 43: 599-606
    • (2012) Stroke , vol.43 , pp. 599-606
    • De Meyer, S.F.1    Stoll, G.2    Wagner, D.D.3    Kleinschnitz, C.4
  • 43
    • 84857043799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemostatic markers are associated with the risk and prognosis of atrial fibrillation: The ARIC study
    • Alonso A, Tang W, Agarwal SK, Soliman EZ, Chamberlain AM, Folsom AR. Hemostatic markers are associated with the risk and prognosis of atrial fibrillation: the ARIC study. Int J Cardiol 2012; 155: 217-22
    • (2012) Int J Cardiol , vol.155 , pp. 217-222
    • Alonso, A.1    Tang, W.2    Agarwal, S.K.3    Soliman, E.Z.4    Chamberlain, A.M.5    Folsom, A.R.6
  • 44
    • 79958796133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma von Willebrand factor levels are an independent risk factor for adverse events including mortality and major bleeding in anticoagulated atrial fibrillation patients
    • Roldán V, Marín F, Muiña B, et al. Plasma von Willebrand factor levels are an independent risk factor for adverse events including mortality and major bleeding in anticoagulated atrial fibrillation patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 57: 2496-504
    • (2011) J am Coll Cardiol , vol.57 , pp. 2496-2504
    • Roldán, V.1    Marín, F.2    Muiña, B.3
  • 45
    • 67649252387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunoinflammatory predictors of stroke at follow-up in patients with chronic non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF)
    • Pinto A, Tuttolomondo A, Casuccio A, et al. Immunoinflammatory predictors of stroke at follow-up in patients with chronic non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Clin Sci (Lond) 2009; 116: 781-9
    • (2009) Clin Sci (Lond) , vol.116 , pp. 781-789
    • Pinto, A.1    Tuttolomondo, A.2    Casuccio, A.3
  • 46
    • 70349748283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma levels of inflammatory and thrombotic/fibrinolytic markers in acute ischemic strokes: Relationship with TOAST subtype, outcome and infarct site
    • Tuttolomondo A, Di Sciacca R, Di Raimondo D, et al. Plasma levels of inflammatory and thrombotic/fibrinolytic markers in acute ischemic strokes: relationship with TOAST subtype, outcome and infarct site. J Neuroimmunol 2009; 215: 84-9
    • (2009) J Neuroimmunol , vol.215 , pp. 84-89
    • Tuttolomondo, A.1    Di Sciacca, R.2    Di Raimondo, D.3
  • 47
    • 62649143739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immuno-inflammatory and thrombotic/fibrinolytic variables associated with acute ischemic stroke diagnosis
    • Tuttolomondo A, Pinto A, Corrao S, et al. Immuno-inflammatory and thrombotic/fibrinolytic variables associated with acute ischemic stroke diagnosis. Atherosclerosis 2009; 203: 503-8
    • (2009) Atherosclerosis , vol.203 , pp. 503-508
    • Tuttolomondo, A.1    Pinto, A.2    Corrao, S.3
  • 48
    • 27144482694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation of the prothrombotic state to increasing age (From the Framingham Offspring Study)
    • Tofler GH, Massaro J, Levy D, et al. Relation of the prothrombotic state to increasing age (from the Framingham Offspring Study). Am J Cardiol 2005; 96: 1280-3
    • (2005) Am J Cardiol , vol.96 , pp. 1280-1283
    • Tofler, G.H.1    Massaro, J.2    Levy, D.3
  • 49
    • 77950854489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of indices of inflammation and thrombogenesis to arrhythmia burden in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
    • Watson T, Arya A, Sulke N, Lip GY. Relationship of indices of inflammation and thrombogenesis to arrhythmia burden in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Chest 2010; 137: 869-76
    • (2010) Chest , vol.137 , pp. 869-876
    • Watson, T.1    Arya, A.2    Sulke, N.3    Lip, G.Y.4
  • 50
    • 55749101354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanisms of thrombus formation in ischemic stroke: Novel insights and targets for treatment
    • Stoll G, Kleinschnitz C, Nieswandt B. Molecular mechanisms of thrombus formation in ischemic stroke: novel insights and targets for treatment. Blood 2008; 112: 3555-62
    • (2008) Blood , vol.112 , pp. 3555-3562
    • Stoll, G.1    Kleinschnitz, C.2    Nieswandt, B.3
  • 51
    • 78649677591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting von Willebrand factor and platelet glycoprotein Ib receptor
    • Firbas C, Siller-Matula JM, Jilma B. Targeting von Willebrand factor and platelet glycoprotein Ib receptor. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2010; 8: 1689-701
    • (2010) Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther , vol.8 , pp. 1689-1701
    • Firbas, C.1    Siller-Matula, J.M.2    Jilma, B.3
  • 52
    • 80052210855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ischaemic stroke: A thrombo-inflammatory disease?
    • Nieswandt B, Kleinschnitz C, Stoll G. Ischaemic stroke: a thrombo-inflammatory disease? J Physiol 2011; 589: 4115-23
    • (2011) J Physiol , vol.589 , pp. 4115-4123
    • Nieswandt, B.1    Kleinschnitz, C.2    Stoll, G.3
  • 53
    • 77956988100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of glycoprotein Ibalpha and von Willebrand factor interaction in stroke development
    • Stoll G, Kleinschnitz C, Nieswandt B. The role of glycoprotein Ibalpha and von Willebrand factor interaction in stroke development. Hamostaseologie 2010; 30: 136-8
    • (2010) Hamostaseologie , vol.30 , pp. 136-138
    • Stoll, G.1    Kleinschnitz, C.2    Nieswandt, B.3
  • 54
    • 33646395655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of platelet adhesion to von Willebrand factor and microparticle formation under high shear stress
    • Reininger AJ, Heijnen HF, Schumann H, Specht HM, Schramm W, Ruggeri ZM. Mechanism of platelet adhesion to von Willebrand factor and microparticle formation under high shear stress. Blood 2006; 107: 3537-45
    • (2006) Blood , vol.107 , pp. 3537-3545
    • Reininger, A.J.1    Heijnen, H.F.2    Schumann, H.3    Specht, H.M.4    Schramm, W.5    Ruggeri, Z.M.6
  • 55
    • 53549094680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • VWF attributes--impact on thrombus formation
    • Reininger AJ. vWF attributes--impact on thrombus formation. Thromb Res 2008; 122 Suppl 4: S9-13
    • (2008) Thromb Res , vol.122 , pp. S9-S13
    • Reininger, A.J.1
  • 56
    • 34247643257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting platelets in acute experimental stroke: Impact of glycoprotein Ib, VI, and IIb/IIIa blockade on infarct size, functional outcome, and intracranial bleeding
    • Kleinschnitz C, Pozgajova M, Pham M, Bendszus M, Nieswandt B, Stoll G. Targeting platelets in acute experimental stroke: impact of glycoprotein Ib, VI, and IIb/IIIa blockade on infarct size, functional outcome, and intracranial bleeding. Circulation 2007; 115: 2323-30
    • (2007) Circulation , vol.115 , pp. 2323-2330
    • Kleinschnitz, C.1    Pozgajova, M.2    Pham, M.3    Bendszus, M.4    Nieswandt, B.5    Stoll, G.6
  • 57
    • 78149237097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combating innate inflammation: A new paradigm for acute treatment of stroke?
    • Stoll G, Kleinschnitz C, Nieswandt B. Combating innate inflammation: a new paradigm for acute treatment of stroke? Ann N Y Acad Sci 2010; 1207: 149-54
    • (2010) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.1207 , pp. 149-154
    • Stoll, G.1    Kleinschnitz, C.2    Nieswandt, B.3
  • 58
    • 65349125946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deficiency of von Willebrand factor protects mice from ischemic stroke
    • Kleinschnitz C, De Meyer SF, Schwarz T, et al. Deficiency of von Willebrand factor protects mice from ischemic stroke. Blood 2009; 113: 3600-3
    • (2009) Blood , vol.113 , pp. 3600-3603
    • Kleinschnitz, C.1    De Meyer, S.F.2    Schwarz, T.3
  • 59
    • 0022444208 scopus 로고
    • Plasma betathromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 concentrations in patients with atrial fibrillation
    • Yamauchi K, Furui H, Taniguchi N, Sotobata I. Plasma betathromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 concentrations in patients with atrial fibrillation. Jpn Heart J 1986; 27: 481-7
    • (1986) Jpn Heart J , vol.27 , pp. 481-487
    • Yamauchi, K.1    Furui, H.2    Taniguchi, N.3    Sotobata, I.4
  • 60
    • 0036774388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study of platelet activation in paroxysmal, persistent and permanent atrial fibrillation
    • Kamath S, Chin BS, Blann AD, Lip GY. A study of platelet activation in paroxysmal, persistent and permanent atrial fibrillation. Blood Coagul Fibrinol 2002; 13: 627-36
    • (2002) Blood Coagul Fibrinol , vol.13 , pp. 627-636
    • Kamath, S.1    Chin, B.S.2    Blann, A.D.3    Lip, G.Y.4
  • 61
    • 37549012557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of soluble CD40 ligand to vascular endothelial growth factor, angiopoietins, and tissue factor in atrial fibrillation: A link among platelet activation, angiogenesis, and thrombosis?
    • Choudhury A, Freestone B, Patel J, Lip GY. Relationship of soluble CD40 ligand to vascular endothelial growth factor, angiopoietins, and tissue factor in atrial fibrillation: a link among platelet activation, angiogenesis, and thrombosis? Chest 2007; 132: 1913-9
    • (2007) Chest , vol.132 , pp. 1913-1919
    • Choudhury, A.1    Freestone, B.2    Patel, J.3    Lip, G.Y.4
  • 62
    • 33947362451 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated platelet microparticle levels in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: Relationship to pselectin and antithrombotic therapy
    • Choudhury A, Chung I, Blann AD, Lip GY. Elevated platelet microparticle levels in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: relationship to pselectin and antithrombotic therapy. Chest 2007; 131: 809-15
    • (2007) Chest , vol.131 , pp. 809-815
    • Choudhury, A.1    Chung, I.2    Blann, A.D.3    Lip, G.Y.4
  • 63
    • 34247866352 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Platelet surface CD62P and CD63, mean platelet volume, and soluble/platelet Pselectin as indexes of platelet function in atrial fibrillation: A comparison of "healthy control subjects" and "disease control subjects" in sinus rhythm
    • Choudhury A, Chung I, Blann AD, Lip GY. Platelet surface CD62P and CD63, mean platelet volume, and soluble/platelet Pselectin as indexes of platelet function in atrial fibrillation: a comparison of "healthy control subjects" and "disease control subjects" in sinus rhythm. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007; 49: 1957-64
    • (2007) J am Coll Cardiol , vol.49 , pp. 1957-1964
    • Choudhury, A.1    Chung, I.2    Blann, A.D.3    Lip, G.Y.4
  • 64
    • 43949144187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soluble CD40 ligand and atrial fibrillation: Relationship to platelet activation, and endothelial damage/dysfunction
    • Blann AD, Choudhury A, Freestone B, Patel J, Lip GY. Soluble CD40 ligand and atrial fibrillation: relationship to platelet activation, and endothelial damage/dysfunction. Int J Cardiol 2008; 127: 135-7
    • (2008) Int J Cardiol , vol.127 , pp. 135-137
    • Blann, A.D.1    Choudhury, A.2    Freestone, B.3    Patel, J.4    Lip, G.Y.5
  • 65
    • 51649083755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soluble CD40 ligand, platelet surface CD40 ligand, and total platelet CD40 ligand in atrial fibrillation: Relationship to soluble P-selectin, stroke risk factors, and risk factor intervention
    • Choudhury A, Chung I, Panja N, Patel J, Lip GY. Soluble CD40 ligand, platelet surface CD40 ligand, and total platelet CD40 ligand in atrial fibrillation: relationship to soluble P-selectin, stroke risk factors, and risk factor intervention. Chest 2008; 134: 574-81
    • (2008) Chest , vol.134 , pp. 574-581
    • Choudhury, A.1    Chung, I.2    Panja, N.3    Patel, J.4    Lip, G.Y.5
  • 66
    • 78650476013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in cytokine concentrations following successful ablation of atrial fibrillation
    • Osmancik P, Peroutka Z, Budera P, Herman D, Stros P, Straka Z. Changes in cytokine concentrations following successful ablation of atrial fibrillation. Eur Cytokine Netw 2010; 21: 278-84
    • (2010) Eur Cytokine Netw , vol.21 , pp. 278-284
    • Osmancik, P.1    Peroutka, Z.2    Budera, P.3    Herman, D.4    Stros, P.5    Straka, Z.6
  • 67
    • 0346219331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prothrombotic state in atrial fibrillation: The atrium, the endothelium and tissue factor?
    • Lip GY. The prothrombotic state in atrial fibrillation: the atrium, the endothelium and tissue factor? Thromb Res 2003; 111: 133-5
    • (2003) Thromb Res , vol.111 , pp. 133-135
    • Lip, G.Y.1
  • 68
    • 36348929899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soluble CD40 ligand predicts ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation
    • Ferro D, Loffredo L, Polimeni L, et al. Soluble CD40 ligand predicts ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2007; 27: 2763-8
    • (2007) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol.27 , pp. 2763-2768
    • Ferro, D.1    Loffredo, L.2    Polimeni, L.3
  • 69
    • 41949108677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic value of plasma soluble CD40 ligand in patients with chronic nonvalvular atrial fibrillation
    • Duygu H, Barisik V, Kurt H, Turk U, Ercan E, Kose S. Prognostic value of plasma soluble CD40 ligand in patients with chronic nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Europace 2008; 10: 210-4
    • (2008) Europace , vol.10 , pp. 210-214
    • Duygu, H.1    Barisik, V.2    Kurt, H.3    Turk, U.4    Ercan, E.5    Kose, S.6
  • 70
    • 34247869882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-sensitivity C-reactive protein and soluble CD40 ligand as indices of inflammation and platelet activation in 880 patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: Relationship to stroke risk factors, stroke risk stratification schema, and prognosis
    • Lip GY, Patel JV, Hughes E, Hart RG. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein and soluble CD40 ligand as indices of inflammation and platelet activation in 880 patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: relationship to stroke risk factors, stroke risk stratification schema, and prognosis. Stroke 2007; 38: 1229-37
    • (2007) Stroke , vol.38 , pp. 1229-1237
    • Lip, G.Y.1    Patel, J.V.2    Hughes, E.3    Hart, R.G.4
  • 72
    • 79959380349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammation and thrombosis in atrial fibrillation
    • Kaski JC, Arrebola-Moreno AL. Inflammation and thrombosis in atrial fibrillation. Rev Esp Cardiol 2011; 64: 551-3
    • (2011) Rev Esp Cardiol , vol.64 , pp. 551-553
    • Kaski, J.C.1    Arrebola-Moreno, A.L.2
  • 73
    • 34047157248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Platelet expression of cd40/cd40 ligand and its relation to inflammatory markers and adhesion molecules in patients with atrial fibrillation
    • Hammwohner M, Ittenson A, Dierkes J, et al.Platelet expression of cd40/cd40 ligand and its relation to inflammatory markers and adhesion molecules in patients with atrial fibrillation. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2007; 232: 581-9
    • (2007) Exp Biol Med (Maywood) , vol.232 , pp. 581-589
    • Hammwohner, M.1    Ittenson, A.2    Dierkes, J.3
  • 74
    • 78650420516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced levels of soluble cd40 ligand exacerbate platelet aggregation and thrombus formation through a cd40-dependent tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor-2/rac1/p38 mitogenactivated protein kinase signaling pathway
    • Yacoub D, Hachem A, Theoret JF, Gillis MA, Mourad W, Merhi Y. Enhanced levels of soluble cd40 ligand exacerbate platelet aggregation and thrombus formation through a cd40-dependent tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor-2/rac1/p38 mitogenactivated protein kinase signaling pathway. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2010; 30: 2424-33
    • (2010) Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol , vol.30 , pp. 2424-2433
    • Yacoub, D.1    Hachem, A.2    Theoret, J.F.3    Gillis, M.A.4    Mourad, W.5    Merhi, Y.6
  • 75
    • 70449596043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of monocytes in thrombotic disorders
    • Shantsila E, Lip GY. The role of monocytes in thrombotic disorders. Thromb Haemost 2009; 102: 916-24
    • (2009) Thromb Haemost , vol.102 , pp. 916-924
    • Shantsila, E.1    Lip, G.Y.2
  • 76
    • 0032484987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CD40 ligand on activated platelets triggers an inflammatory reaction of endothelial cells
    • Henn V, Slupsky JR, Grafe M, et al.CD40 ligand on activated platelets triggers an inflammatory reaction of endothelial cells. Nature 1998; 391: 591-4
    • (1998) Nature , vol.391 , pp. 591-594
    • Henn, V.1    Slupsky, J.R.2    Grafe, M.3
  • 77
    • 0029127023 scopus 로고
    • Chemokine and chemokine receptor mRNA expression in human platelets
    • Power CA, Clemetson JM, Clemetson KJ, Wells TN. Chemokine and chemokine receptor mRNA expression in human platelets. Cytokine 1995; 7: 479-82
    • (1995) Cytokine , vol.7 , pp. 479-482
    • Power, C.A.1    Clemetson, J.M.2    Clemetson, K.J.3    Wells, T.N.4
  • 78
    • 19244370694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel role of the membrane- bound chemokine fractalkine in platelet activation and adhesion
    • Schäfer A, Schulz C, Eigenthaler M, et al. Novel role of the membrane- bound chemokine fractalkine in platelet activation and adhesion. Blood 2004; 103: 407-12
    • (2004) Blood , vol.103 , pp. 407-412
    • Schäfer, A.1    Schulz, C.2    Eigenthaler, M.3
  • 79
    • 0018857701 scopus 로고
    • Identification and separation of secreted platelet proteins by isoelectric focusing: Evidence that low-affinity platelet factor 4 is converted to beta-thromboglobulin by limited proteolysis
    • Niewiarowski S, Walz DA, James P, Rucinski B, Kueppers F. Identification and separation of secreted platelet proteins by isoelectric focusing: evidence that low-affinity platelet factor 4 is converted to beta-thromboglobulin by limited proteolysis. Blood 1980; 55: 453-6
    • (1980) Blood , vol.55 , pp. 453-456
    • Niewiarowski, S.1    Walz, D.A.2    James, P.3    Rucinski, B.4    Kueppers, F.5
  • 80
    • 0033652243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Platelet-derived CXC chemokines: Old players in new games
    • Brandt E, Ludwig A, Petersen F, Flad HD. Platelet-derived CXC chemokines: old players in new games. Immunol Rev 2000; 177: 204-16
    • (2000) Immunol Rev , vol.177 , pp. 204-216
    • Brandt, E.1    Ludwig, A.2    Petersen, F.3    Flad, H.D.4
  • 82
    • 2542488347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation of interleukin-6, Creactive protein, and the prothrombotic state to transesophgeal echocardiographic findings in atrial fibrillation
    • Conway DSG, Buggin P, Lip GYH. Relation of interleukin-6, Creactive protein, and the prothrombotic state to transesophgeal echocardiographic findings in atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 2004; 93: 1368-73
    • (2004) Am J Cardiol , vol.93 , pp. 1368-1373
    • Conway, D.1    Buggin, P.2    Lip, G.3
  • 83
    • 77953327061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C-reactive protein and left atrial appendage velocity are independent determinants of the risk of thrombogenesis in patients with atrial fibrillation
    • Cianfrocca C, Loricchio ML, Pelliccia F, et al. C-reactive protein and left atrial appendage velocity are independent determinants of the risk of thrombogenesis in patients with atrial fibrillation. Int J Cardiol 2010; 142: 22-8
    • (2010) Int J Cardiol , vol.142 , pp. 22-28
    • Cianfrocca, C.1    Loricchio, M.L.2    Pelliccia, F.3
  • 84
    • 67349175342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum C-reactive protein levels can be used to predict future ischemic stroke and mortality in Japanese men from the general population
    • Makita S, Nakamura M, Satoh K, et al. Serum C-reactive protein levels can be used to predict future ischemic stroke and mortality in Japanese men from the general population. Atherosclerosis. 2009; 204: 234-8
    • (2009) Atherosclerosis , vol.204 , pp. 234-238
    • Makita, S.1    Nakamura, M.2    Satoh, K.3
  • 85
    • 72249084311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-sensitivity C-reactive protein predicts mortality but not stroke: The Northern Manhattan Study
    • Elkind MS, Luna JM, Moon YP, et al.High-sensitivity C-reactive protein predicts mortality but not stroke: the Northern Manhattan Study. Neurology 2009; 73: 1300-7
    • (2009) Neurology , vol.73 , pp. 1300-1307
    • Elkind, M.S.1    Luna, J.M.2    Moon, Y.P.3
  • 86
    • 77955446306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Usefulness of CHADS2 score to predict C-reactive protein, left atrial blood stasis, and prognosis in patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation
    • Maehama T, Okura H, Imai K, et al. Usefulness of CHADS2 score to predict C-reactive protein, left atrial blood stasis, and prognosis in patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 2010; 106: 535-8
    • (2010) Am J Cardiol , vol.106 , pp. 535-538
    • Maehama, T.1    Okura, H.2    Imai, K.3
  • 87
    • 83555176026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Usefulness of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein to predict mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation (From the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities [ARIC] Study)
    • Hermida J, Lopez FL, Montes R, Matsushita K, Astor BC, Alonso A. Usefulness of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein to predict mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation (from the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities [ARIC] Study). Am J Cardiol 2012; 109: 95-9
    • (2012) Am J Cardiol , vol.109 , pp. 95-99
    • Hermida, J.1    Lopez, F.L.2    Montes, R.3    Matsushita, K.4    Astor, B.C.5    Alonso, A.6
  • 88
    • 4544252546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation of Creactive protein correlates with risk of thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation
    • Thambidorai SK, Parakh K, Martin DO, et al. Relation of Creactive protein correlates with risk of thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 2004; 94: 805-7
    • (2004) Am J Cardiol , vol.94 , pp. 805-807
    • Thambidorai, S.K.1    Parakh, K.2    Martin, D.O.3
  • 89
    • 77955554961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic inflammation and left atrial thrombus in patients with non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation
    • Maehama T, Okura H, Imai K, et al. Systemic inflammation and left atrial thrombus in patients with non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation. J Cardiol 2010; 56: 118-24
    • (2010) J Cardiol , vol.56 , pp. 118-124
    • Maehama, T.1    Okura, H.2    Imai, K.3
  • 90
    • 84863780716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C-reactive protein and transesophageal echocardiographic markers of thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation
    • Ederhy S, Di Angelantonio E, Dufaitre G, et al. C-reactive protein and transesophageal echocardiographic markers of thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation. Int J Cardiol 2012; 159: 40-6
    • (2012) Int J Cardiol , vol.159 , pp. 40-46
    • Ederhy, S.1    Di Angelantonio, E.2    Dufaitre, G.3
  • 91
    • 14844317343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation of elevated C-reactive protein and interleukin- 6 levels to left atrial size and duration of episodes in patients with atrial fibrillation
    • Psychari SN, Apostolou TS, Sinos L, Hamodraka E, Liakos G, Kremastinos DT. Relation of elevated C-reactive protein and interleukin- 6 levels to left atrial size and duration of episodes in patients with atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 2005; 95: 764-7
    • (2005) Am J Cardiol , vol.95 , pp. 764-767
    • Psychari, S.N.1    Apostolou, T.S.2    Sinos, L.3    Hamodraka, E.4    Liakos, G.5    Kremastinos, D.T.6
  • 92
    • 38349098963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-6 and atrial fibrillation in patients with coronary artery disease: Data from the Heart and Soul Study
    • Marcus GM, Whooley MA, Glidden DV, Pawlikowska L, Zaroff JG, Olgin JE. Interleukin-6 and atrial fibrillation in patients with coronary artery disease: data from the Heart and Soul Study. Am Heart J 2008; 155: 303-9
    • (2008) Am Heart J , vol.155 , pp. 303-309
    • Marcus, G.M.1    Whooley, M.A.2    Glidden, D.V.3    Pawlikowska, L.4    Zaroff, J.G.5    Olgin, J.E.6
  • 93
    • 67349230831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The predictive value of inflammatory and oxidative markers following the successful cardioversion of persistent lone atrial fibrillation
    • Leftheriotis DI, Fountoulaki KT, Flevari PG, et al.The predictive value of inflammatory and oxidative markers following the successful cardioversion of persistent lone atrial fibrillation. Int J Cardiol 2009; 135: 361-9
    • (2009) Int J Cardiol , vol.135 , pp. 361-369
    • Leftheriotis, D.I.1    Fountoulaki, K.T.2    Flevari, P.G.3
  • 94
    • 77954362694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterizations and validity of inflammatory biomarkers in the prediction of postoperative atrial fibrillation in coronary artery disease patients
    • Burzotta F, Blann AD, Balakrishnan B, et al.Characterizations and validity of inflammatory biomarkers in the prediction of postoperative atrial fibrillation in coronary artery disease patients. Thromb Haemost 2010; 104: 122-7
    • (2010) Thromb Haemost , vol.104 , pp. 122-127
    • Burzotta, F.1    Blann, A.D.2    Balakrishnan, B.3
  • 95
    • 0035889519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation of the -174 G/C polymorphism of interleukin-6 to interleukin-6 plasma levels and to length of hospitalization after surgical coronary revascularization
    • Henningsen KM, Iacoviello L, Di Castelnuovo A, et al.Relation of the -174 G/C polymorphism of interleukin-6 to interleukin-6 plasma levels and to length of hospitalization after surgical coronary revascularization. Am J Cardiol 2001; 88: 1125-8
    • (2001) Am J Cardiol , vol.88 , pp. 1125-1128
    • Henningsen, K.M.1    Iacoviello, L.2    Di Castelnuovo, A.3
  • 97
    • 70350074785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic impact of hs-CRP and IL-6 in patients undergoing radiofrequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation
    • Henningsen KM, Nilsson B, Bruunsgaard H, Chen X, Pedersen BK, Svendsen JH. Prognostic impact of hs-CRP and IL-6 in patients undergoing radiofrequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. Scand Cardiovasc J 2009; 43: 285-91
    • (2009) Scand Cardiovasc J , vol.43 , pp. 285-291
    • Henningsen, K.M.1    Nilsson, B.2    Bruunsgaard, H.3    Chen, X.4    Pedersen, B.K.5    Svendsen, J.H.6
  • 98
    • 82955173730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-scale candidate gene analysis in whites and African Americans identifies IL6R polymorphism in relation to atrial fibrillation: The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Candidate Gene Association Resource (CARe) project
    • Schnabel RB, Kerr KF, Lubitz SA, et al.Candidate Gene Association Resource (CARe) Atrial Fibrillation/Electrocardiography Working Group. Large-scale candidate gene analysis in whites and African Americans identifies IL6R polymorphism in relation to atrial fibrillation: the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Candidate Gene Association Resource (CARe) project. Circ Cardiovasc Genet 2011; 4: 557-64
    • (2011) Circ Cardiovasc Genet , vol.4 , pp. 557-564
    • Schnabel, R.B.1    Kerr, K.F.2    Lubitz, S.A.3
  • 99
    • 2542432880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein to the prothrombotic state in chronic atrial fibrillation
    • Conway DSG, Buggin P, Hughes EA, Lip GYH. Relationship of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein to the prothrombotic state in chronic atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004; 43: 2075-82
    • (2004) J am Coll Cardiol , vol.43 , pp. 2075-2082
    • Conway, D.1    Buggin, P.2    Hughes, E.A.3    Lip, G.4
  • 100
    • 15244350741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation of interleukin-6 levels and prothrombin fragment 1+2 to a point-based score for stroke risk in atrial fibrillation
    • Roldán V, Marín F, Martínez JG, García-Herola A, Sogorb F, Lip GY. Relation of interleukin-6 levels and prothrombin fragment 1+2 to a point-based score for stroke risk in atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 2005; 95: 881-2
    • (2005) Am J Cardiol , vol.95 , pp. 881-882
    • Roldán, V.1    Marín, F.2    Martínez, J.G.3    García-Herola, A.4    Sogorb, F.5    Lip, G.Y.6
  • 102
    • 4644356317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic significance of raised plasma levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein in atrial fibrillation
    • Conway DS, Buggins P, Hughes E, Lip GY. Prognostic significance of raised plasma levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein in atrial fibrillation. Am Heart J 2004; 148: 462-6
    • (2004) Am Heart J , vol.148 , pp. 462-466
    • Conway, D.S.1    Buggins, P.2    Hughes, E.3    Lip, G.Y.4
  • 103
    • 84855360164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of blood biomarkers to predict poor outcome after acute transient ischemic attack or ischemic stroke
    • Whiteley W, Wardlaw J, Dennis M, et al. The use of blood biomarkers to predict poor outcome after acute transient ischemic attack or ischemic stroke. Stroke 2012; 43: 86-91
    • (2012) Stroke , vol.43 , pp. 86-91
    • Whiteley, W.1    Wardlaw, J.2    Dennis, M.3
  • 104
    • 78149479992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction of PF4 (CXCL4) with the vasculature: A role in atherosclerosis and angiogenesis
    • Aidoudi S, Bikfalvi A. Interaction of PF4 (CXCL4) with the vasculature: a role in atherosclerosis and angiogenesis. Thromb Haemost 2010; 104: 941-8
    • (2010) Thromb Haemost , vol.104 , pp. 941-948
    • Aidoudi, S.1    Bikfalvi, A.2
  • 105
    • 0025129155 scopus 로고
    • Coagulation factors and the increased risk of stroke in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation
    • Gustafsson C, Blombäck M, Britton M, Hamsten A, Svensson J. Coagulation factors and the increased risk of stroke in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Stroke 1990; 21: 47-51
    • (1990) Stroke , vol.21 , pp. 47-51
    • Gustafsson, C.1    Blombäck, M.2    Britton, M.3    Hamsten, A.4    Svensson, J.5
  • 106
    • 0029164959 scopus 로고
    • Platelet activation is not involved in acceleration of the coagulation system in acute cardioembolic stroke with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation
    • Nagao T, Hamamoto M, Kanda A, et al. Platelet activation is not involved in acceleration of the coagulation system in acute cardioembolic stroke with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Stroke 1995; 26: 1365-8
    • (1995) Stroke , vol.26 , pp. 1365-1368
    • Nagao, T.1    Hamamoto, M.2    Kanda, A.3
  • 107
    • 0031015610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atrial fibrillation activates platelets and coagulation in a time-dependent manner: A study in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
    • Sohara H, Amitani S, Kurose M, Miyahara K. Atrial fibrillation activates platelets and coagulation in a time-dependent manner: a study in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997; 29: 106-12
    • (1997) J am Coll Cardiol , vol.29 , pp. 106-112
    • Sohara, H.1    Amitani, S.2    Kurose, M.3    Miyahara, K.4
  • 108
    • 0347302938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation but not paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia display evidence of platelet activation during arrhythmia
    • Atalar E, Haznedaroglu IC, Acil T, et al. Patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation but not paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia display evidence of platelet activation during arrhythmia. Platelets 2003; 14: 407-11
    • (2003) Platelets , vol.14 , pp. 407-411
    • Atalar, E.1    Haznedaroglu, I.C.2    Acil, T.3
  • 109
    • 0942266121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of anticoagulation intensity on hemostatic markers in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation
    • Nozawa T, Inoue H, Iwasa A, et al. Effects of anticoagulation intensity on hemostatic markers in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation. Circ J 2004; 68: 29-34
    • (2004) Circ J , vol.68 , pp. 29-34
    • Nozawa, T.1    Inoue, H.2    Iwasa, A.3
  • 110
    • 69049108981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coagulation activity is increased in the left atria of patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation during the non-paroxysmal period. Comparison with chronic atrial fibrillation
    • Motoki H, Tomita T, Aizawa K, et al. Coagulation activity is increased in the left atria of patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation during the non-paroxysmal period. Comparison with chronic atrial fibrillation. Circ J 2009; 73: 1403-7
    • (2009) Circ J , vol.73 , pp. 1403-1407
    • Motoki, H.1    Tomita, T.2    Aizawa, K.3
  • 111
    • 43249091408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accumulation of risk factors enhances the prothrombotic state in atrial fibrillation
    • Ohara K, Inoue H, Nozawa T, et al. Accumulation of risk factors enhances the prothrombotic state in atrial fibrillation. Int J Cardiol 2008; 126: 316-21
    • (2008) Int J Cardiol , vol.126 , pp. 316-321
    • Ohara, K.1    Inoue, H.2    Nozawa, T.3
  • 112
    • 0031455161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin 8 released after acute myocardial infarction is mainly bound to erythrocytes
    • de Winter RJ, Manten A, de Jong YP, Adams R, van Deventer SJ, Lie KI. Interleukin 8 released after acute myocardial infarction is mainly bound to erythrocytes. Heart 1997; 78: 598-602
    • (1997) Heart , vol.78 , pp. 598-602
    • De Winter, R.J.1    Manten, A.2    De Jong, Y.P.3    Adams, R.4    Van Deventer, S.J.5    Lie, K.I.6
  • 113
    • 45849140452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-8 and atrial fibrillation
    • Melenovsky V, Lip GY. Interleukin-8 and atrial fibrillation. Europace 2008; 10: 784-5
    • (2008) Europace , vol.10 , pp. 784-785
    • Melenovsky, V.1    Lip, G.Y.2
  • 114
    • 84862976645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased intracardiac vascular endothelial growth factor levels in patients with paroxysmal, but not persistent atrial fibrillation
    • Scridon A, Morel E, Nonin-Babary E, Girerd N, Fernandez C, Chevalier P. Increased intracardiac vascular endothelial growth factor levels in patients with paroxysmal, but not persistent atrial fibrillation. Europace 2012; 14: 948-53
    • (2012) Europace , vol.14 , pp. 948-953
    • Scridon, A.1    Morel, E.2    Nonin-Babary, E.3    Girerd, N.4    Fernandez, C.5    Chevalier, P.6
  • 116
    • 45849154164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Source of inflammatory markers in patients with atrial fibrillation
    • Liuba I, Ahlmroth H, Jonasson L, et al. Source of inflammatory markers in patients with atrial fibrillation. Europace 2008; 10: 848-53
    • (2008) Europace , vol.10 , pp. 848-853
    • Liuba, I.1    Ahlmroth, H.2    Jonasson, L.3
  • 117
    • 0035889717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monocyte function and plasma levels of interleukin-8 in acute ischemic stroke
    • Grau AJ, Reis A, Buggle F, et al. Monocyte function and plasma levels of interleukin-8 in acute ischemic stroke. J Neurol Sci 2001; 192: 41-7
    • (2001) J Neurol Sci , vol.192 , pp. 41-47
    • Grau, A.J.1    Reis, A.2    Buggle, F.3
  • 118
    • 45749143689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of neutrophils and interleukin-8 in acute ischemic stroke
    • Domac FM, Misirli H. The role of neutrophils and interleukin-8 in acute ischemic stroke. Neurosciences (Riyadh) 2008; 13: 136-41
    • (2008) Neurosciences (Riyadh) , vol.13 , pp. 136-141
    • Domac, F.M.1    Misirli, H.2
  • 119
    • 79953806045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum levels of cytokines and C-reactive protein in acute ischemic stroke patients, and their relationship to stroke lateralization, type, and infarct volume
    • Ormstad H, Aass HC, Lund-Sørensen N, Amthor KF, Sandvik L. Serum levels of cytokines and C-reactive protein in acute ischemic stroke patients, and their relationship to stroke lateralization, type, and infarct volume. J Neurol 2011; 258: 677-85
    • (2011) J Neurol , vol.258 , pp. 677-685
    • Ormstad, H.1    Aass, H.C.2    Lund-Sørensen, N.3    Amthor, K.F.4    Sandvik, L.5
  • 120
    • 0028853977 scopus 로고
    • Transient increase of cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant, a member of the interleukin-8 family, in ischemic brain areas after focal ischemia in rats
    • Yamasaki Y, Matsuo Y, Matsuura N, Onodera H, Itoyama Y, Kogure K. Transient increase of cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant, a member of the interleukin-8 family, in ischemic brain areas after focal ischemia in rats. Stroke 1995; 26: 318-22
    • (1995) Stroke , vol.26 , pp. 318-322
    • Yamasaki, Y.1    Matsuo, Y.2    Matsuura, N.3    Onodera, H.4    Itoyama, Y.5    Kogure, K.6
  • 121
    • 17044427879 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotection with the CXCL8 inhibitor repertaxin in transient brain ischemia
    • Garau A, Bertini R, Colotta F, et al. Neuroprotection with the CXCL8 inhibitor repertaxin in transient brain ischemia. Cytokine 2005; 30: 125-31
    • (2005) Cytokine , vol.30 , pp. 125-131
    • Garau, A.1    Bertini, R.2    Colotta, F.3
  • 122
    • 27444442682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neutrophil recruitment in the reperfused-injured rat liver was effectively attenuated by repertaxin, a novel allosteric noncompetitive inhibitor of CXCL8 receptors: A therapeutic approach for the treatment of post-ischemic hepatic syndromes
    • Cavalieri B, Mosca M, Ramadori P, et al. Neutrophil recruitment in the reperfused-injured rat liver was effectively attenuated by repertaxin, a novel allosteric noncompetitive inhibitor of CXCL8 receptors: a therapeutic approach for the treatment of post-ischemic hepatic syndromes. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2005; 18: 475-86
    • (2005) Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol , vol.18 , pp. 475-486
    • Cavalieri, B.1    Mosca, M.2    Ramadori, P.3
  • 123
    • 34250675226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interleukin-8 (IL- 8/CXCL8) receptor inhibitor reparixin improves neurological deficits and reduces long-term inflammation in permanent and transient cerebral ischemia in rats
    • Villa P, Triulzi S, Cavalieri B, et al. The interleukin-8 (IL- 8/CXCL8) receptor inhibitor reparixin improves neurological deficits and reduces long-term inflammation in permanent and transient cerebral ischemia in rats. Mol Med 2007; 13: 125-33
    • (2007) Mol Med , vol.13 , pp. 125-133
    • Villa, P.1    Triulzi, S.2    Cavalieri, B.3
  • 124
  • 125
    • 0020623394 scopus 로고
    • Molecular cloning of gene sequences regulated by plaelet-derived growth factor
    • Cochran BH, Reffel AC, Stiles CD. Molecular cloning of gene sequences regulated by plaelet-derived growth factor. Cell 1983; 33: 939-47
    • (1983) Cell , vol.33 , pp. 939-947
    • Cochran, B.H.1    Reffel, A.C.2    Stiles, C.D.3
  • 126
    • 1942505215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemokines and atherosclerisis
    • Sheikine Y, Hansson GK. Chemokines and atherosclerisis. Ann Med 2004; 36: 98-118
    • (2004) Ann Med , vol.36 , pp. 98-118
    • Sheikine, Y.1    Hansson, G.K.2
  • 127
    • 0024590507 scopus 로고
    • Purification and amino acid analysis of two human monocyte chemoattractants produced by phytohemagglutinin-stimulated human blood mononuclear leukocytes
    • Yoshimura T, Robinson EA, Tanaka S, Appella E, Leonard EJ. Purification and amino acid analysis of two human monocyte chemoattractants produced by phytohemagglutinin-stimulated human blood mononuclear leukocytes. J Immunol 1989; 142: 1956-62
    • (1989) J Immunol , vol.142 , pp. 1956-1962
    • Yoshimura, T.1    Robinson, E.A.2    Tanaka, S.3    Appella, E.4    Leonard, E.J.5
  • 128
    • 0024505456 scopus 로고
    • Human monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Full-length cDNA cloning, expression in mitogen-stimulated blood mononuclear leukocytes, and sequence similarity to mouse competence gene JE
    • Yoshimura T, Yuhki N, Moore SK, Appella E, Lerman MI, Leonard EJ. Human monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Full-length cDNA cloning, expression in mitogen-stimulated blood mononuclear leukocytes, and sequence similarity to mouse competence gene JE. FEBS Lett 1989; 244: 487-93
    • (1989) FEBS Lett , vol.244 , pp. 487-493
    • Yoshimura, T.1    Yuhki, N.2    Moore, S.K.3    Appella, E.4    Lerman, M.I.5    Leonard, E.J.6
  • 129
    • 0024408824 scopus 로고
    • Two types of mouse T helper cell IV. Th2 clones secrete a factor that inhibits cytokine production by Th1 clones
    • Fiorentino DF, Bond MW, Mosmann TR. Two types of mouse T helper cell IV. Th2 clones secrete a factor that inhibits cytokine production by Th1 clones. J Exp Med 1989; 170: 2081-95
    • (1989) J Exp Med , vol.170 , pp. 2081-2095
    • Fiorentino, D.F.1    Bond, M.W.2    Mosmann, T.R.3
  • 130
    • 7244242357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemokines in the pathogenesis of vascular disease
    • Charo IF, Taubman MB. Chemokines in the pathogenesis of vascular disease. Circ Res 2004; 95: 858-66
    • (2004) Circ Res , vol.95 , pp. 858-866
    • Charo, I.F.1    Taubman, M.B.2
  • 131
    • 80555125083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systemic chemokine levels, coronary heart disease, and ischemic stroke events: The PRIME study
    • Canouï-Poitrine F, Luc G, Mallat Z, et al. PRIME Study Group. Systemic chemokine levels, coronary heart disease, and ischemic stroke events: the PRIME study. Neurology 2011; 77: 1165-73
    • (2011) Neurology , vol.77 , pp. 1165-1173
    • Canouï-Poitrine, F.1    Luc, G.2    Mallat, Z.3
  • 132
    • 68049112397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxidative stress and inflammatory process in patients with atrial fibrillation: The role of left atrium distension
    • Tousoulis D, Zisimos K, Antoniades C, et al. Oxidative stress and inflammatory process in patients with atrial fibrillation: The role of left atrium distension. Int J Cardio 2009; 136: 258-62
    • (2009) Int J Cardio , vol.136 , pp. 258-262
    • Tousoulis, D.1    Zisimos, K.2    Antoniades, C.3
  • 133
    • 66149173528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immuno-inflammatory activation in acute cardioembolic strokes in comparison with other subtypes of ischaemic stroke
    • Licata G, Tuttolomondo A, Di Raimondo D, Corrao S, Di Sciacca R, Pinto A. Immuno-inflammatory activation in acute cardioembolic strokes in comparison with other subtypes of ischaemic stroke. Thromb Haemost 2009; 101: 929-37
    • (2009) Thromb Haemost , vol.101 , pp. 929-937
    • Licata, G.1    Tuttolomondo, A.2    Di Raimondo, D.3    Corrao, S.4    Di Sciacca, R.5    Pinto, A.6
  • 134
    • 81255185192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomarkers of structural remodelling and endothelial dysfunction for prediction of cardiovascular events or death in patients with atrial fibrillation
    • Ehrlich JR, Kaluzny M, Baumann S, Lehmann R, Hohnloser SH. Biomarkers of structural remodelling and endothelial dysfunction for prediction of cardiovascular events or death in patients with atrial fibrillation. Clin Res Cardiol 2011; 100: 1029-36
    • (2011) Clin Res Cardiol , vol.100 , pp. 1029-1036
    • Ehrlich, J.R.1    Kaluzny, M.2    Baumann, S.3    Lehmann, R.4    Hohnloser, S.H.5
  • 135
    • 84857573959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Von Willebrand factor predicts major bleeding and mortality during oral anticoagulant treatment
    • Lind M, Boman K, Johansson L, Nilsson TK, Järvholm LS, Jansson JH. Von Willebrand factor predicts major bleeding and mortality during oral anticoagulant treatment. J Intern Med 2012; 271: 239-46
    • (2012) J Intern Med , vol.271 , pp. 239-246
    • Lind, M.1    Boman, K.2    Johansson, L.3    Nilsson, T.K.4    Järvholm, L.S.5    Jansson, J.H.6
  • 136
    • 84868602402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neutralization of the IL-17 axis diminishes neutrophil invasion and protects from ischemic stroke
    • Gelderblom M, Weymar A, Bernreuther C, et al.Neutralization of the IL-17 axis diminishes neutrophil invasion and protects from ischemic stroke. Blood 2012; 120: 3793-802
    • (2012) Blood , vol.120 , pp. 3793-3802
    • Gelderblom, M.1    Weymar, A.2    Bernreuther, C.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.