메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 10, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 210-214

Prognostic value of plasma soluble CD40 ligand in patients with chronic non-valvular atrial fibrillation

Author keywords

Atrial fibrillation; Embolic event; Soluble CD40 ligand; Thrombus

Indexed keywords

CD40 LIGAND; ECHO CONTRAST MEDIUM;

EID: 41949108677     PISSN: 10995129     EISSN: 15322092     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/europace/eum284     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (33)

References (49)
  • 1
    • 0346613575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence, incidence, prognosis, and predisposing conditions for atrial fibrillation: Population-based estimates
    • Kannel WB, Wolf PA, Benjamin EJ, Levy D. Prevalence, incidence, prognosis, and predisposing conditions for atrial fibrillation: population-based estimates. Am J Cardiol 1998;82:2N-9N.
    • (1998) Am J Cardiol , vol.82
    • Kannel, W.B.1    Wolf, P.A.2    Benjamin, E.J.3    Levy, D.4
  • 3
    • 0028244264 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for stroke and efficacy of antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation: Analysis of pooled data from five randomized controlled trials
    • Atrial fibrillation investigators
    • Atrial fibrillation investigators. Risk factors for stroke and efficacy of antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation: analysis of pooled data from five randomized controlled trials. Arch Intern Med 1994;154:1449- 57.
    • (1994) Arch Intern Med , vol.154 , pp. 1449-1457
  • 4
    • 0032779161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiologic correlates of thromboembolism in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: I. reduce flow velocity in the left atrial appendage (The Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation [SPAF-III] study)
    • Goldman ME, Pearce LA, Hart RG, Zabalgoitia M, Asinger RW, Safford R et al. Pathophysiologic correlates of thromboembolism in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: I. reduce flow velocity in the left atrial appendage (The Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation [SPAF-III] study). J Am Soc Echocardiogr 1999;12:1080-7.
    • (1999) J Am Soc Echocardiogr , vol.12 , pp. 1080-1087
    • Goldman, M.E.1    Pearce, L.A.2    Hart, R.G.3    Zabalgoitia, M.4    Asinger, R.W.5    Safford, R.6
  • 5
    • 0034116581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse outcomes and predictors of underuse of antithrombotic therapy in medicare beneficiaries with chronic atrial fibrillation
    • Gage BF, Boechler M, Doggette AL, Fortune G, Flaker GC, Rich MW. Adverse outcomes and predictors of underuse of antithrombotic therapy in medicare beneficiaries with chronic atrial fibrillation. Stroke 2000;31:822-7.
    • (2000) Stroke , vol.31 , pp. 822-827
    • Gage, B.F.1    Boechler, M.2    Doggette, A.L.3    Fortune, G.4    Flaker, G.C.5    Rich, M.W.6
  • 6
    • 0032749688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Markers of thrombin and platelet activity in patients with atrial fibrillation: Correlation with stroke among 1531 participants in the stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation III study
    • Feinberg WM, Pearce LA, Hart RG, Cushman M, Cornell ES, Lip GY et al. Markers of thrombin and platelet activity in patients with atrial fibrillation: correlation with stroke among 1531 participants in the stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation III study. Stroke 1999;30:2547- 53.
    • (1999) Stroke , vol.30 , pp. 2547-2553
    • Feinberg, W.M.1    Pearce, L.A.2    Hart, R.G.3    Cushman, M.4    Cornell, E.S.5    Lip, G.Y.6
  • 7
    • 9444239741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fibrin D-dimer and β-thromboglobulin as markers of thrombogenesis and platelet activation in atrial fibrillation. Effects of introducing ultra-low dose warfarin and aspirin
    • Lip GY, Lip PL, Zarifis J, Watson RD, Bareford D, Lowe GD et al. Fibrin D-dimer and β-thromboglobulin as markers of thrombogenesis and platelet activation in atrial fibrillation. Effects of introducing ultra-low dose warfarin and aspirin. Circulation 1996;94:425-31.
    • (1996) Circulation , vol.94 , pp. 425-431
    • Lip, G.Y.1    Lip, P.L.2    Zarifis, J.3    Watson, R.D.4    Bareford, D.5    Lowe, G.D.6
  • 9
    • 0037044431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma von Willebrand factor and soluble P-selectin as indices of endothelial damage and platelet activation in 1321 patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: Relationship to stroke risk factors
    • Conway DS, Pearce LA, Chin BS, Hart RG, Lip GY. Plasma von Willebrand factor and soluble P-selectin as indices of endothelial damage and platelet activation in 1321 patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: relationship to stroke risk factors. Circulation 2002;106:1962-7.
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.106 , pp. 1962-1967
    • Conway, D.S.1    Pearce, L.A.2    Chin, B.S.3    Hart, R.G.4    Lip, G.Y.5
  • 10
    • 0038417537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic value of plasma von Willebrand factor and soluble P-selection as indices of endothelial damage and platelet activation in 994 patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation
    • Conway DS, Pearce LA, Chin BS, Hart RG, Lip GY. Prognostic value of plasma von Willebrand factor and soluble P-selection as indices of endothelial damage and platelet activation in 994 patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Circulation 2003;107:3141-5.
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.107 , pp. 3141-3145
    • Conway, D.S.1    Pearce, L.A.2    Chin, B.S.3    Hart, R.G.4    Lip, G.Y.5
  • 11
    • 30344466069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is atrial fibrillation an inflammatory disorder?
    • Boos CJ, Anderson RA, Lip GY. Is atrial fibrillation an inflammatory disorder? Eur Heart J 2006;27:136-49.
    • (2006) Eur Heart J , vol.27 , pp. 136-149
    • Boos, C.J.1    Anderson, R.A.2    Lip, G.Y.3
  • 12
    • 4444378715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factor XIII Val34Leu polymorphism modulates the prothrombotic and inflammatory state associated with atrial fibrillation
    • Marin F, Corral J, Roldan V, Gonzalez-Conejero R, del Rey ML, Sogorb F et al. Factor XIII Val34Leu polymorphism modulates the prothrombotic and inflammatory state associated with atrial fibrillation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2004;37:699-704.
    • (2004) J Mol Cell Cardiol , vol.37 , pp. 699-704
    • Marin, F.1    Corral, J.2    Roldan, V.3    Gonzalez-Conejero, R.4    del Rey, M.L.5    Sogorb, F.6
  • 13
    • 0032558466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activated platelets induce monocyte chemotactic protein-1 secretion and surface expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 on endothelial cells
    • Gawaz M, Neumann FJ, Dickfeld T, Koch W, Laugwitz KL, Adelsberger H et al. Activated platelets induce monocyte chemotactic protein-1 secretion and surface expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 on endothelial cells. Circulation 1998;98:1164-71.
    • (1998) Circulation , vol.98 , pp. 1164-1171
    • Gawaz, M.1    Neumann, F.J.2    Dickfeld, T.3    Koch, W.4    Laugwitz, K.L.5    Adelsberger, H.6
  • 14
    • 0035824895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CD40 signalling and plaque instability
    • Schonbeck U, Libby P. CD40 signalling and plaque instability. Circ Res 2001;89:1092-103.
    • (2001) Circ Res , vol.89 , pp. 1092-1103
    • Schonbeck, U.1    Libby, P.2
  • 15
    • 15344348265 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soluble CD40L in peripheral artery disease. Relationship with disease severity, platelet markers and the effects of angioplasty
    • Blann AD, Tan KT, Tayebjee MH, Davagnanam I, Moss M, Lip GY. Soluble CD40L in peripheral artery disease. Relationship with disease severity, platelet markers and the effects of angioplasty. Thromb Haemost 2005;93:578-83.
    • (2005) Thromb Haemost , vol.93 , pp. 578-583
    • Blann, A.D.1    Tan, K.T.2    Tayebjee, M.H.3    Davagnanam, I.4    Moss, M.5    Lip, G.Y.6
  • 16
    • 0037143597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Platelet derived CD40L: The switch-hitting player of cardiovascular disease
    • Andre P, Nannizzi-Alaimo L, Prasad SK, Phillips DR. Platelet derived CD40L: the switch-hitting player of cardiovascular disease. Circulation 2002;106:896-9.
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.106 , pp. 896-899
    • Andre, P.1    Nannizzi-Alaimo, L.2    Prasad, S.K.3    Phillips, D.R.4
  • 17
    • 0035883087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The inflammatory action of CD40 ligand (CD154) expressed on activated human platelets is temporarily limited by coexpressed CD40
    • Henn V, Steinbach S, Buchner K, Presek P, Kroczek RA. The inflammatory action of CD40 ligand (CD154) expressed on activated human platelets is temporarily limited by coexpressed CD40. Blood 2001;98:1047-54.
    • (2001) Blood , vol.98 , pp. 1047-1054
    • Henn, V.1    Steinbach, S.2    Buchner, K.3    Presek, P.4    Kroczek, R.A.5
  • 18
    • 0344850187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced levels of soluble and membrane-bound CD40 ligand in patients with unstable angina: Possible reflection of T lymphocyte and platelet involvement in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndromes
    • Aukrust P, Müller F, Ueland T, Berget T, Aaser E, Brunsvig A et al. Enhanced levels of soluble and membrane-bound CD40 ligand in patients with unstable angina: possible reflection of T lymphocyte and platelet involvement in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndromes. Circulation 1999;100:614-20.
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.100 , pp. 614-620
    • Aukrust, P.1    Müller, F.2    Ueland, T.3    Berget, T.4    Aaser, E.5    Brunsvig, A.6
  • 19
    • 10744230698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preprocedural level of soluble CD40L is predictive of enhanced inflammatory response and restenosis after coronary angioplasty
    • Cipollone F, Ferri C, Desideri G, Paloscia L, Materazzo G, Mascellanti M et al. Preprocedural level of soluble CD40L is predictive of enhanced inflammatory response and restenosis after coronary angioplasty. Circulation 2003;108:2776-82.
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.108 , pp. 2776-2782
    • Cipollone, F.1    Ferri, C.2    Desideri, G.3    Paloscia, L.4    Materazzo, G.5    Mascellanti, M.6
  • 20
    • 30744470141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soluble P-selectin and CD40L levels in subjects with prediabetes, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome-the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study
    • Gokulakrishnan K, Deepa R, Mohan V, Gross MD. Soluble P-selectin and CD40L levels in subjects with prediabetes, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome-the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study. Metabolism 2006;55:237-42.
    • (2006) Metabolism , vol.55 , pp. 237-242
    • Gokulakrishnan, K.1    Deepa, R.2    Mohan, V.3    Gross, M.D.4
  • 21
    • 0035854054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of clinical classification schemes for predicting stroke: Results from the National Registry of Atrial Fibrillation
    • Gage BF, Waterman AD, Shannon W, Boechler M, Rich MW, Radford MJ. Validation of clinical classification schemes for predicting stroke: results from the National Registry of Atrial Fibrillation. JAMA 2001;285:2864-70.
    • (2001) JAMA , vol.285 , pp. 2864-2870
    • Gage, B.F.1    Waterman, A.D.2    Shannon, W.3    Boechler, M.4    Rich, M.W.5    Radford, M.J.6
  • 22
    • 4344637132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictive value of indexes of inflammation and hypercoagulability on success of cardioversion of persistent atrial fibrillation
    • Conway DS, Buggins P, Hughes E, Lip GY. Predictive value of indexes of inflammation and hypercoagulability on success of cardioversion of persistent atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 2004;94:508-10.
    • (2004) Am J Cardiol , vol.94 , pp. 508-510
    • Conway, D.S.1    Buggins, P.2    Hughes, E.3    Lip, G.Y.4
  • 23
    • 0042244275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-6, endothelial activation and thrombogenesis in chronic atrial fibrillation
    • Roldan V, Marin F, Blann AD, Garcia A, Marco P, Sogorb F et al. Interleukin-6, endothelial activation and thrombogenesis in chronic atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J 2003;24:1373-80.
    • (2003) Eur Heart J , vol.24 , pp. 1373-1380
    • Roldan, V.1    Marin, F.2    Blann, A.D.3    Garcia, A.4    Marco, P.5    Sogorb, F.6
  • 24
    • 0036774388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study of platelet activation in paroxysmal, persistent and permanent atrial fibrillation
    • Kamath S, Chin BS, Blann AD, Lip GY. A study of platelet activation in paroxysmal, persistent and permanent atrial fibrillation. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2002;13:627-36.
    • (2002) Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis , vol.13 , pp. 627-636
    • Kamath, S.1    Chin, B.S.2    Blann, A.D.3    Lip, G.Y.4
  • 25
    • 0032582258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased thrombin-antithrombin III complex during an episode of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
    • Iga K, Izumi C, Inoko M, Kitaguchi S, Himura Y, Gen H et al. Increased thrombin-antithrombin III complex during an episode of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Int J Cardiol 1998;66:153-6.
    • (1998) Int J Cardiol , vol.66 , pp. 153-156
    • Iga, K.1    Izumi, C.2    Inoko, M.3    Kitaguchi, S.4    Himura, Y.5    Gen, H.6
  • 26
    • 0034828641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma von Willebrand factor, fibrinogen and soluble P-selectin levels in paroxysmal, persistent and permanent atrial fibrillation: Effects of cardioversion and return of left atrial function
    • Li-Saw-Hee FL, Blann AD, Gurney D, Lip GY. Plasma von Willebrand factor, fibrinogen and soluble P-selectin levels in paroxysmal, persistent and permanent atrial fibrillation: effects of cardioversion and return of left atrial function. Eur Heart J 2001;22:1741-7.
    • (2001) Eur Heart J , vol.22 , pp. 1741-1747
    • Li-Saw-Hee, F.L.1    Blann, A.D.2    Gurney, D.3    Lip, G.Y.4
  • 27
    • 4644237747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma von Willebrand factor, soluble thrombomodulin, and fibrin D-dimer concentrations in acute onset non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation
    • Marin F, Roldan V, Climent VE, Ibanez A, Garcia A, Marco P et al. Plasma von Willebrand factor, soluble thrombomodulin, and fibrin D-dimer concentrations in acute onset non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation. Heart 2004;90:1162-6.
    • (2004) Heart , vol.90 , pp. 1162-1166
    • Marin, F.1    Roldan, V.2    Climent, V.E.3    Ibanez, A.4    Garcia, A.5    Marco, P.6
  • 28
    • 0032803662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiologic correlates of thromboembolism in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: II. Dense spontaneous echocardiographic contrast
    • Asinger RW, Koehler J, Pearce LA, Zabalgoitia M, Blackshear JL, Fenster PE et al. Pathophysiologic correlates of thromboembolism in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: II. Dense spontaneous echocardiographic contrast. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 1999;12:1088-96.
    • (1999) J Am Soc Echocardiogr , vol.12 , pp. 1088-1096
    • Asinger, R.W.1    Koehler, J.2    Pearce, L.A.3    Zabalgoitia, M.4    Blackshear, J.L.5    Fenster, P.E.6
  • 29
    • 4644356317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic significance of raised plasma levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein in atrial fibrillation
    • Conway DS, Buggins P, Hughes E, Lip GY. Prognostic significance of raised plasma levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein in atrial fibrillation. Am Heart J 2004;148:462-6.
    • (2004) Am Heart J , vol.148 , pp. 462-466
    • Conway, D.S.1    Buggins, P.2    Hughes, E.3    Lip, G.Y.4
  • 30
    • 4544252546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation of C-reactive protein correlates with risk of thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation
    • Thambidorai SK, Parakh K, Martin DO, Shah TK, Wazni O, Jasper SE et al. Relation of C-reactive protein correlates with risk of thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 2004;94:805-7.
    • (2004) Am J Cardiol , vol.94 , pp. 805-807
    • Thambidorai, S.K.1    Parakh, K.2    Martin, D.O.3    Shah, T.K.4    Wazni, O.5    Jasper, S.E.6
  • 31
    • 0030893516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Platelet activation in embolic and preembolic status of patients with non rheumatic atrial fibrillation
    • Pongratz G, Brandt-Pohlmann M, Henneke KH, Pohle C, Zink D, Gehling G et al. Platelet activation in embolic and preembolic status of patients with non rheumatic atrial fibrillation. Chest 1997;111:929-33.
    • (1997) Chest , vol.111 , pp. 929-933
    • Pongratz, G.1    Brandt-Pohlmann, M.2    Henneke, K.H.3    Pohle, C.4    Zink, D.5    Gehling, G.6
  • 32
    • 0031015610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atrial fibrillation activates platelets and coagulation in a time dependent manner: A study in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
    • Sohara H, Amitani S, Kurose M, Miyahara K. Atrial fibrillation activates platelets and coagulation in a time dependent manner: a study in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997;29:106-12.
    • (1997) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.29 , pp. 106-112
    • Sohara, H.1    Amitani, S.2    Kurose, M.3    Miyahara, K.4
  • 34
    • 0030925106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Haemostatic and haemodynamic abnormalities associated with left atrial thrombosis in non rheumatic atrial fibrillation
    • Heppell RM, Berkin KE, McLenachan JM, Davies JA. Haemostatic and haemodynamic abnormalities associated with left atrial thrombosis in non rheumatic atrial fibrillation. Heart 1997;77:407-11.
    • (1997) Heart , vol.77 , pp. 407-411
    • Heppell, R.M.1    Berkin, K.E.2    McLenachan, J.M.3    Davies, J.A.4
  • 35
    • 0035312413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased von Willebrand factor in the endocardium as a local predisposing factor for thrombogenesis in overloaded human atrial appendage
    • Fukuchi M, Watanabe J, Kumagai K, Katori Y, Baba S, Fukuda K et al. Increased von Willebrand factor in the endocardium as a local predisposing factor for thrombogenesis in overloaded human atrial appendage. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001;37:1436-42.
    • (2001) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.37 , pp. 1436-1442
    • Fukuchi, M.1    Watanabe, J.2    Kumagai, K.3    Katori, Y.4    Baba, S.5    Fukuda, K.6
  • 36
    • 0033760968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atrial endocardial changes in mitral valve disease: A scanning electron microscopy study
    • Goldsmith I, Kumar P, Carter P, Blann AD, Patel RL, Lip GY. Atrial endocardial changes in mitral valve disease: a scanning electron microscopy study. Am Heart J 2000;140:777-84.
    • (2000) Am Heart J , vol.140 , pp. 777-784
    • Goldsmith, I.1    Kumar, P.2    Carter, P.3    Blann, A.D.4    Patel, R.L.5    Lip, G.Y.6
  • 37
    • 33846118743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Platelets as immune cells bridging inflammation and cardiovascular disease
    • von Hundelshausen P, Weber C. Platelets as immune cells bridging inflammation and cardiovascular disease. Circ Res 2007;100:27-40.
    • (2007) Circ Res , vol.100 , pp. 27-40
    • von Hundelshausen, P.1    Weber, C.2
  • 41
    • 0028858649 scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of CD40 with purified soluble gp39 induces proinflammatory responses in human monocytes
    • Kiener PA, Moran-Davis P, Rankin BM, Wahl AF, Aruffo A, Hollenbaugh D. Stimulation of CD40 with purified soluble gp39 induces proinflammatory responses in human monocytes. J Immunol 1995;155:4917-25.
    • (1995) J Immunol , vol.155 , pp. 4917-4925
    • Kiener, P.A.1    Moran-Davis, P.2    Rankin, B.M.3    Wahl, A.F.4    Aruffo, A.5    Hollenbaugh, D.6
  • 42
    • 44449093355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soluble CD40 ligand and atrial fibrillation: Relationship to platelet activation, and endothelial damage/dysfunction
    • Epub ahead of print
    • Blann AD, Choudhury A, Freestone B, Patel J, Lip GY. Soluble CD40 ligand and atrial fibrillation: relationship to platelet activation, and endothelial damage/dysfunction. Int J Cardiol 2007; [Epub ahead of print].
    • (2007) Int J Cardiol
    • Blann, A.D.1    Choudhury, A.2    Freestone, B.3    Patel, J.4    Lip, G.Y.5
  • 43
    • 34047157248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Platelet expression of CD40/CD40 ligand and its relation to inflammatory markers and adhesion molecules in patients with atrial fibrillation
    • Hammwöhner M, Ittenson A, Dierkes J, Bukowska A, Klein HU, Lendeckel U et al. Platelet expression of CD40/CD40 ligand and its relation to inflammatory markers and adhesion molecules in patients with atrial fibrillation. Exp Biol Med 2007;232:581-9.
    • (2007) Exp Biol Med , vol.232 , pp. 581-589
    • Hammwöhner, M.1    Ittenson, A.2    Dierkes, J.3    Bukowska, A.4    Klein, H.U.5    Lendeckel, U.6
  • 44
    • 34247869882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-sensitivity C-reactive protein and soluble CD40 ligand as indices of inflammation and platelet activation in 880 patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: Relationship to stroke risk factors, stroke risk stratification schema, and prognosis
    • Lip GY, Patel JV, Hughes E, Hart RG. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein and soluble CD40 ligand as indices of inflammation and platelet activation in 880 patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: relationship to stroke risk factors, stroke risk stratification schema, and prognosis. Stroke 2007;38:1229-37.
    • (2007) Stroke , vol.38 , pp. 1229-1237
    • Lip, G.Y.1    Patel, J.V.2    Hughes, E.3    Hart, R.G.4
  • 46
    • 0031183609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atrial fibrillation: A review of mechanism, etiology, and therapy
    • Mackstaller LL, Alpert JS. Atrial fibrillation: a review of mechanism, etiology, and therapy. Clin Cardiol 1997;20:640-50.
    • (1997) Clin Cardiol , vol.20 , pp. 640-650
    • Mackstaller, L.L.1    Alpert, J.S.2
  • 47
    • 0023710473 scopus 로고
    • Atrial fibrillation and stroke: New ideas, persistent dilemmas
    • Halperin JL, Hart RG. Atrial fibrillation and stroke: new ideas, persistent dilemmas. Stroke 1988;19:937-41.
    • (1988) Stroke , vol.19 , pp. 937-941
    • Halperin, J.L.1    Hart, R.G.2
  • 49
    • 85120091717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuster V, Ryden LE, Cannom DS, Crijns HJ, Curtis AB, Ellenbogen KA et al. American College of Cardiology; American Heart Association Task Force; European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines; European Heart Rhythm Association; Heart Rhythm Society. ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: full text: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2001 guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation) developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Rhythm Society. Europace 2006;8:651-745.
    • Fuster V, Ryden LE, Cannom DS, Crijns HJ, Curtis AB, Ellenbogen KA et al. American College of Cardiology; American Heart Association Task Force; European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines; European Heart Rhythm Association; Heart Rhythm Society. ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: full text: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2001 guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation) developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Rhythm Society. Europace 2006;8:651-745.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.