High-sensitivity C-reactive protein and soluble CD40 ligand as indices of inflammation and platelet activation in 880 patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: Relationship to stroke risk factors, stroke risk stratification schema, and prognosis

Stroke

Volumn 38, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 1229-1237

  Lip, Gregory Y H ^a   Patel, Jeetesh V ^a   Hughes, Elizabeth ^a   Hart, Robert G ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER AT SAN ANTONIO   (United States)

Author keywords

Atrial fibrillation; C reactive protein; Soluble CD40 ligand; Stroke

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; C REACTIVE PROTEIN; CD40 LIGAND; WARFARIN; ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; AUTACOID;

AGED; ARTICLE; BODY MASS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; DIABETES MELLITUS; ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HEART ATRIUM FIBRILLATION; HEART FAILURE; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; INFLAMMATION; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; KRUSKAL WALLIS TEST; LOG RANK TEST; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; PROPHYLAXIS; PROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; STROKE; THROMBOCYTE ACTIVATION; ADULT; BLOOD; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CLINICAL TRIAL; COHORT ANALYSIS; COMORBIDITY; IMMUNOLOGY; METABOLISM; MIDDLE AGED; PREDICTION AND FORECASTING; STATISTICS;

ADULT; AGED; ANTICOAGULANTS; ATRIAL FIBRILLATION; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; CD40 LIGAND; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CLINICAL TRIALS; COHORT STUDIES; COMORBIDITY; FEMALE; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION; INFLAMMATION MEDIATORS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PLATELET ACTIVATION; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; PROGNOSIS; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 34247869882     PISSN: 00392499     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/01.STR.0000260090.90508.3e     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Lip GYH, Boos CJ. Antithrombotic treatment in atrial fibrillation. Heart. 2006;92:155-161.
2. Conway DSG, Pearce LA, Chin BSP, Hart RG, Lip GYH. Prognostic value of plasma von Willebrand factor and soluble P-selection as indices of endothelial damage and platelet activation in 994 patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Circulation. 2003;107:3141-3145.
3. Vene N, Mavri A, Kosmelj K, Stegnar M. High D-dimer levels predict cardiovascular events in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation during oral anticoagulation therapy. Thromb Haemost. 2003;90:1163-1172.
4. Nozawa T, Inoue H, Hirai T, Iwasa A, Okumura K, Lee JD, Shimizu A, Hayano M, Yano K. D-dimer level influences thromboembolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation. Int J Cardiol. 2006;109:59-65.
5. Lip GYH, Lane D, van Walraven C, Hart R. The additive role of plasma von Willebrand Factor levels to clinical factors for risk stratification in patients with atrial fibrillation. Stroke. 2006;37:2294-2300.
6. Boos CJ, Anderson RA, Lip GY. Is atrial fibrillation an inflammatory disorder? Eur Heart J. 2006;27:136-149.
7. Chung MK, Martin DO, Sprecher D, Wazni O, Kanderian A, Carnes CA, Bauer JA, Tchou PJ, Niebauer MJ, Natale A, Van Wagoner DR. C-reactive protein elevation in patients with atrial arrhythmias: inflammatory mechanisms and persistence of atrial fibrillation. Circulation. 2001;104:2886-2891.
8. Conway DS, Buggins P, Hughes E, Lip GY. Prognostic significance of raised plasma levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein in atrial fibrillation. Am Heart J. 2004;148:462-466.
9. Anderson JL, Allen Maycock CA, Lappe DL, Crandall BG, Horne BD, Bair TL, Morris SR, Li Q, Mulesteine JB. Frequency of elevation of C-reactive protein in atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol. 2004;94:1255-1259.
10. Sata N, Hamada N, Horinouchi T, Amitani S, Yamashita T, Moriyama Y, Miyahara K. C-reactive protein and atrial fibrillation: Is inflammation a consequence or a cause of atrial fibrillation? Jpn Heart J. 2004;45:441-445.
11. Marin F, Corral J, Roldan V, Gonzalez-Conejero R, del Rey ML, Sogorb F, Lip GY, Vicente V. Factor XIII Val34Leu polymorphism modulates the prothrombotic and inflammatory state associated with atrial fibrillation. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2004;37:699-704.
12. Grewal IS, Flavell RA. CD40 and CD154 in cell-mediated immunity. Annu Rev Immunol. 1998;16:111-135.
13. Schonbeck U, Libby P. CD40 signalling and plaque instability. Circ Res. 2001;89:1092-1103.CD40.
14. Blann AD, Tan KT, Tayebjee MH, Davagnanam I, Moss M, Lip GY. Soluble CD40L in peripheral artery disease. Relationship with disease severity, platelet markers and the effects of angioplasty. Thromb Haemost. 2005;93:578-583.
15. Slupsky JR, Kalbas M, Willuweit A, Henn V, Kroczek RA, Muller-Berghaus G. Activated platelets induce tissue factor expression on human umbilical vein endothelial cells by ligation of CD40. Thromb Haemost. 1998;80:1008-1014.
16. Zhou L, Stordeur P, de Lavareille A, Thielemans K, Capel P, Goldman M, Pradier O. CD40 engagement on endothelial cells promotes tissue factor-dependent procoagulant activity. Thromb Haemost. 1998;79:1025-1028.
17. Andre P, Prasad KS, Denis CV, He M, Papalia JM, Hynes RO, Phillips DR, Wagner DD. CD40L stabilises arterial thrombi by a beta 3 integrin-dependent mechanism. Nat Med. 2002;8:247-252.
18. Henn V, Steinbach S, Buchner K, Presek P, Kroczek RA. The inflammatory action of CD40 ligand (CD154) expressed on activated human platelets is temporarily limited by coexpressed CD40. Blood. 2001;98:1047-1054.
19. Marx N, Imhof A, Froehlich J, Siam L, Ittner J, Wierse G, Schmidt A, Maerz W, Hombach V, Koenig W. Effect of rosiglitazone treatment on soluble CD40L in patients with type-2 diabetes and coronary artery disease. Circulation. 2003;107:1954-1957.
20. Varo N, Vicent D, Libby P, Nuzzo R, Calle-Pascual AL, Bernal MR, Fernandez-Cruz A, Veves A, Jarolim P, Varo JJ, Goldfine A, Horton E, Schonbeck U. Elevated plasma levels of the atherogenic mediator soluble CD40 ligand in diabetic patients: a novel target of thiazolidinediones. Circulation. 2003;107:2664-2669.
21. Blake GJ, Ostfeld RJ, Yucel EK, Varo N, Schonbeck U, Blake MA, Gerhard M, Ridker PM, Libby P, Lee RT. Soluble CD40 ligand levels indicate lipid accumulation in carotid atheroma: an in vivo study with high resolution MRI. Arteriocler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2003;23:e11-e14.
22. Patel JV, Lim HS, Nadar S, Tayebjee M, Hughes EA, Lip GY. Abnormal soluble CD40 ligand and C-reactive protein concentrations in hypertension: relationship to indices of angiogenesis. J Hypertens. 2006;24:117-121.
23. Garlichs CD, Kozina S, Fateh-Moghadam S, Tomandl B, Stumpf C, Eskafi S, Raaz D, Schmeißer A, Yilmaz A, Ludwig J, Neundörfer, Daniel WG. Upregulation of CD40-CD40 ligand (CD154) in patients with acute cerebral ischemia. Stroke. 2003;34:1412-1418.
24. Reinders ME, Sho M, Robertson SW, Geehan CS, Briscoe DM. Proangiogenic function of CD40 ligand-CD40 interactions. J Immunol. 2003;171:1534-1541.
25. Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation investigators. Adjusted-dose warfarin versus low-intensity, fixed-dose warfarin plus aspirin for high-risk patients with atrial fibrillation: Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation III randomised clinical trial. Lancet. 1996;348:633-638.
26. Gage BF, van Walraven C, Pearce L, Hart RG, Koudstaal PJ, Boode BS, Petersen P. Selecting patients with atrial fibrillation for anticoagulation: stroke risk stratification in patients taking aspirin. Circulation. 2004;110:2287-2292.
27. Go AS, Hylek EM, Chang Y, Phillips KA, Henault LE, Capra AM, Jensvold NG, Selby JV, Singer DE. Anticoagulation therapy for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: how well do randomized trials translate into clinical practice? JAMA. 2003;290:2685-2692.
28. Tsimikas S, Willerson JT, Ridker PM. C-reactive protein and other emerging blood biomarkers to optimize risk stratification of vulnerable patients. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;47(8 Suppl):C19-C31.
29. Aggarwal A, Schneider DJ, Terrien EF, Burton E, Sobel BE, Dauerman HL. Increased coronary arterial release of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and soluble CD40 ligand indicative of inflammation associated with culprit coronary plaques. Am J Cardiol. 2004;93:6-9.
30. Buffon A, Biasucci LM, Liuzzo G, D'Onofrio G, Crea F, Maseri A. Widespread coronary inflammation in unstable angina. N Engl J Med. 2002;347:5-12.
31. Lip GY. Aspirin for prevention of stroke in atrial fibrillation. Stroke. 2006;37:1640.
32. Ridker PM, Cannon CP, Morrow D, Rifai N, Rose LM, McCabe CH, Pfeffer MA, Braunwald E. Pravastatin or Atorvastatin Evaluation and Infection Therapy-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 22 (PROVE IT-TIMI 22) Investigators. C-reactive protein levels and outcomes after statin therapy. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:20-28.
33. Schillinger M, Exner M, Amighi J, Mlekusch W, Sabeti S, Rumpold H, Wagner O, Minar E. Joint effects of C-reactive protein and glycated hemoglobin in predicting future cardiovascular events of patients with advanced atherosclerosis. Circulation. 2003;108:2323-2328.
34. Libby P, Ridker PM. Inflammation and atherosclerosis: role of C-reactive protein in risk assessment. Am J Med. 2004;116(Suppl 6A):9S-16S.
35. Thambidorai SK, Parakh K, Martin DO, Shah TK, Wazni O, Jasper SE, Van Wagoner DR, Chung MK, Murray RD, Klein AL. Relation of C-reactive protein correlates with risk of thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol. 2004;94:805-807.
36. Conway DS, Buggins P, Hughes E, Lip GY. Relation of interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and the prothrombotic state to transesophageal echocardiographic findings in atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol. 2004;93:1368-1373.
37. Gabay C, Kushner I. Acute-phase proteins and other systemic responses to inflammation. N Engl J Med. 1999;340:448-454.
38. Aviles RJ, Martin DO, Apperson-Hansen C, Houghtaling PL, Rautaharju P, Kronmal RA, Tracy RP, Van Wagoner DR, Psaty BM, Lauer MS, Chung MK. Inflammation as a risk factor for atrial fibrillation. Circulation. 2003;108:3006-3010.
39. Watanabe E, Arakawa T, Uchiyama T, Kodama I, Hishida H. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein is predictive of successful cardioversion for atrial fibrillation and maintenance of sinus rhythm after conversion. Int J Cardiol. 2006;108:346-353.
40. Mihm MJ, Yu F, Carnes CA, Reiser PJ, McCarthy PM, Van Wagoner DR, Bauer JA. Impaired myofibrillar energetics and oxidative injury during human atrial fibrillation. Circulation. 2001;104:174-180.
41. Acevedo M, Corbalan R, Braun S, Pereira J, Navarrete C, Gonzalez I. C-reactive protein and atrial fibrillation: "evidence for the presence of inflammation in the perpetuation of the arrhythmia." Int J Cardiol. 2006;108:326-331.
42. Korantzopoulos P, Kolettis T, Siogas K, Goudevenos J. Atrial fibrillation and electrical remodeling: the potential role of inflammation and oxidative stress. Med Sci Monit. 2003;9:RA225-RA229.
43. Roldan V, Marin F, Blann AD, Garcia A, Marco P, Sogorb F, Lip GY. Interleukin-6, endothelial activation and thrombogenesis in chronic atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J. 2003;24:1373-1380.