Liver Enzyme Levels and Hepatic Iron Content in Fatty Liver: A Noninvasive Assessment in General Population by T2* Mapping

Academic Radiology

Volumn 22, Issue 6, 2015, Pages 714-721

  Radmard, Amir Reza ^a,b   Poustchi, Hossein ^c   Dadgostar, Mehrdad ^b,d   Yoonessi, Ali ^b,e   Kooraki, Soheil ^a   Jafari, Elham ^c   Hashemi Taheri, Amir Pejman ^a   Malekzadeh, Reza ^c   Merat, Shahin ^c  

^a TEHRAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Iran)

^b TEHRAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Iran)

^c TEHRAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Iran)

^d ISLAMIC AZAD UNIVERSITY   (Iran)

^e TEHRAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Iran)

Author keywords

mapping; Hepatic iron; Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; Serum transaminase; T2

Indexed keywords

ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE; IRON;

ADULT; AGED; ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; IRON STORAGE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; POPULATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK FACTOR; SEX DIFFERENCE; COHORT ANALYSIS; ENZYMOLOGY; LIVER; METABOLISM; MIDDLE AGED; OBSERVER VARIATION; ODDS RATIO; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX;

AGED; ALANINE TRANSAMINASE; COHORT STUDIES; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; IRON; LIVER; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE; OBSERVER VARIATION; ODDS RATIO; RISK FACTORS; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; SEX FACTORS;

EID: 84929049222     PISSN: 10766332     EISSN: 18784046     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2015.01.011     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Vernon G., Baranova A., Younossi Z.M. Systematic review: the epidemiology and natural history of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in adults. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2011, 34:274-285.
2. Corradini E., Pietrangelo A. Iron and steatohepatitis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2012, 2(27 Suppl):42-46.
3. Nelson J.E., Klintworth H., Kowdley K.V. Iron metabolism in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2012, 14:8-16.
4. George D.K., Goldwurm S., MacDonald G.A., et al. Increased hepatic iron concentration in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis is associated with increased fibrosis. Gastroenterology 1998, 114:311-318.
5. Sumida Y., Nakashima T., Yoh T., et al. Serum thioredoxin levels as a predictor of steatohepatitis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Hepatol 2003, 38:32-38.
6. Bugianesi E., Manzini P., D'Antico S., et al. Relative contribution of iron burden, HFE mutations, and insulin resistance to fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver. Hepatology 2004, 39:179-187.
7. Grandison G.A., Angulo P. Can NASH be diagnosed, graded, and staged noninvasively?. Clin Liver Dis 2012, 16:567-585.
8. Merat S., Sotoudehmanesh R., Nouraie M., et al. Sampling error in histopathology findings of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a post mortem liver histology study. Arch Iran Med 2012, 15:418-421.
9. Raptis D.A., Fischer M.A., Graf R., et al. MRI: the new reference standard in quantifying hepatic steatosis?. Gut 2012, 61:117-127.
10. Sirlin C.B., Reeder S.B. Magnetic resonance imaging quantification of liver iron. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2010, 18:359-381.
11. Reeder S.B., Sirlin C.B. Quantification of liver fat with magnetic resonance imaging. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2010, 18:337-357.
12. Gandon Y., Olivié D., Guyader D., et al. Non-invasive assessment of hepatic iron stores by MRI. Lancet 2004, 363:357-362.
13. Virtanen J.M., Komu M.E., Parkkola R.K. Quantitative liver iron measurement by magnetic resonance imaging: invitro and invivo assessment of the liver to muscle signal intensity and the R2* methods. Magn Reson Imaging 2008, 26:1175-1182.
14. The effect of Polypill on patients with presumed NASH (PolyIran-L). Available at: Accessed August 15,2014. http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01245608.
15. Hamaguchi M., Kojima T., Itoh Y., et al. The severity of ultrasonographic findings in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease reflects the metabolic syndrome and visceral fat accumulation. Am J Gastroenterol 2007, 102:2708-2715.
16. Qayyum A., Nystrom M., Noworolski S.M., et al. MRI steatosis grading: development and initial validation of a color mapping system. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2012, 198:582-588.
17. Qayyum A., Goh J.S., Kakar S., et al. Accuracy of liver fat quantification at MR imaging: comparison of out-of-phase gradient-echo and fat-saturated fast spin-echo techniques-initial experience. Radiology 2005, 237:507-511.
18. Borra R.J., Salo S., Dean K., et al. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: rapid evaluation of liver fat content with in-phase and out-of-phase MR imaging. Radiology 2009, 250:130-136.
19. House M.J., Gan E.K., Adams L.A., et al. Diagnostic performance of a rapid magnetic resonance imaging method of measuring hepatic steatosis. PLoS One 2013, 8(3):e59287.
20. Dongiovanni P., Fracanzani A.L., Fargion S., et al. Iron in fatty liver and in the metabolic syndrome: a promising therapeutic target. J Hepatol 2011, 55:920-932.
21. Nelson J.E., Wilson L., Brunt E.M., et al. Relationship between the pattern of hepatic iron deposition and histological severity in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Hepatology 2011, 53:448-457.
22. Verma S., Jensen D., Hart J., et al. Predictive value of ALT levels for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and advanced fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Liver Int 2013, 33:1398-1405.
23. Lee T.H., Kim W.R., Benson J.T., et al. Serum aminotransferase activity and mortality risk in a United States community. Hepatology 2008, 47:880-887.
24. Day C.P., James O.F. Steatohepatitis: a tale of two "hits"?. Gastroenterology 1998, 114:842-845.
25. Fernandez-Real J.M., Lopez-Bermejo A., Ricart W. Cross-talk between iron metabolism and diabetes. Diabetes 2002, 51:2348-2354.
26. Graham R.M., Chua A.C., Carter K.W., et al. Hepatic iron loading in mice increases cholesterol biosynthesis. Hepatology 2010, 52:462-471.
27. Musso G., Gambino R., Cassader M., et al. Meta-analysis: natural history of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and diagnostic accuracy of non-invasive tests for liver disease severity. Ann Med 2011, 43:617-649.
28. Piccinino F., Sagnelli E., Pasquale G., et al. Complications following percutaneous liver biopsy. A multicentre retrospective study on 68,276 biopsies. J Hepatol 1986, 2:165-173.
29. Bravo A.A., Sheth S.G., Chopra S. Liver biopsy. N Engl J Med 2001, 344:495-500.
30. Villeneuve J.P., Bilodeau M., Lepage R., et al. Variability in hepatic iron concentration measurement from needle-biopsy specimens. J Hepatol 1996, 25:172-177.
31. El-Badry A.M., Breitenstein S., Jochum W., et al. Assessment of hepatic steatosis by expert pathologists: the end of a gold standard. Ann Surg 2009, 250:691-697.
32. Merat S., Khadem-Sameni F., Nouraie M., et al. A modification of the Brunt system for scoring liver histology of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Arch Iran Med 2010, 13:38-44.
33. St Pierre T.G., Clark P.R., Chua-Anusorn W. Measurement and mapping of liver iron concentrations using magnetic resonance imaging. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2005, 1054:379-385.
34. McCarville M.B., Hillenbrand C.M., Loeffler R.B., et al. Comparison of whole liver and small region-of-interest measurements of MRI liver R2* in children with iron overload. Pediatr Radiol 2010, 40:1360-1367.
35. Hernando D., Kühn J.P., Mensel B., et al. R2* estimation using "in-phase" echoes in the presence of fat: the effects of complex spectrum of fat. JMagn Reson Imaging 2013, 37:717-726.
36. Ruhl C.E., Everhart J.E. Upper limits of normal for alanine aminotransferase activity in the United States population. Hepatology 2012, 55:447-454.