메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 148, Issue 5, 2015, Pages 1035-1058.e3

Clinical practice guidelines for the medical management of nonhospitalized ulcerative colitis: The Toronto consensus

Author keywords

5 Aminosalicylate; Anti Tumor Necrosis Factor; Corticosteroid; Probiotics; Thiopurine; Ulcerative Colitis; Vedolizumab

Indexed keywords

BUDESONIDE; CORTICOSTEROID; ENEMA; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT; MERCAPTOPURINE; MESALAZINE; METHOTREXATE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR INHIBITOR; VEDOLIZUMAB; ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; GASTROINTESTINAL AGENT;

EID: 84928623552     PISSN: 00165085     EISSN: 15280012     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2015.03.001     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (340)

References (165)
  • 1
    • 84868514758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory bowel disease: A Canadian burden of illness review
    • A. Rocchi, E.I. Benchimol, and C.N. Bernstein Inflammatory bowel disease: a Canadian burden of illness review Can J Gastroenterol 26 2012 811 817
    • (2012) Can J Gastroenterol , vol.26 , pp. 811-817
    • Rocchi, A.1    Benchimol, E.I.2    Bernstein, C.N.3
  • 2
    • 83755219473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increasing incidence and prevalence of the inflammatory bowel diseases with time, based on systematic review
    • quiz e30 e42
    • N.A. Molodecky, I.S. Soon, and D.M. Rabi Increasing incidence and prevalence of the inflammatory bowel diseases with time, based on systematic review Gastroenterology 142 2012 46 54 e42 quiz e30
    • (2012) Gastroenterology , vol.142 , pp. 46-54
    • Molodecky, N.A.1    Soon, I.S.2    Rabi, D.M.3
  • 3
    • 84876309049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent trends in the prevalence of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis in a commercially insured US population
    • M.D. Kappelman, K.R. Moore, and J.K. Allen Recent trends in the prevalence of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis in a commercially insured US population Dig Dis Sci 58 2013 519 525
    • (2013) Dig Dis Sci , vol.58 , pp. 519-525
    • Kappelman, M.D.1    Moore, K.R.2    Allen, J.K.3
  • 4
    • 38049064973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rising hospitalization rates for inflammatory bowel disease in the United States between 1998 and 2004
    • G.C. Nguyen, A. Tuskey, and T. Dassopoulos Rising hospitalization rates for inflammatory bowel disease in the United States between 1998 and 2004 Inflamm Bowel Dis 13 2007 1529 1535
    • (2007) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.13 , pp. 1529-1535
    • Nguyen, G.C.1    Tuskey, A.2    Dassopoulos, T.3
  • 5
    • 57249103566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct health care costs of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis in US children and adults
    • M.D. Kappelman, S.L. Rifas-Shiman, and C.Q. Porter Direct health care costs of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis in US children and adults Gastroenterology 135 2008 1907 1913
    • (2008) Gastroenterology , vol.135 , pp. 1907-1913
    • Kappelman, M.D.1    Rifas-Shiman, S.L.2    Porter, C.Q.3
  • 6
    • 79959787828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2011 Canadian Association of Gastroenterology educational needs assessment report
    • C. Render, and S. Daniels 2011 Canadian Association of Gastroenterology educational needs assessment report Can J Gastroenterol 25 2011 244 246
    • (2011) Can J Gastroenterol , vol.25 , pp. 244-246
    • Render, C.1    Daniels, S.2
  • 7
    • 84869089859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Second European evidence-based consensus on the diagnosis and management of ulcerative colitis part 2: Current management
    • A. Dignass, J.O. Lindsay, and A. Sturm Second European evidence-based consensus on the diagnosis and management of ulcerative colitis part 2: current management J Crohns Colitis 6 2012 991 1030
    • (2012) J Crohns Colitis , vol.6 , pp. 991-1030
    • Dignass, A.1    Lindsay, J.O.2    Sturm, A.3
  • 8
    • 84869083669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Second European evidence-based consensus on the diagnosis and management of ulcerative colitis part 1: Definitions and diagnosis
    • A. Dignass, R. Eliakim, and F. Magro Second European evidence-based consensus on the diagnosis and management of ulcerative colitis part 1: definitions and diagnosis J Crohns Colitis 6 2012 965 990
    • (2012) J Crohns Colitis , vol.6 , pp. 965-990
    • Dignass, A.1    Eliakim, R.2    Magro, F.3
  • 9
    • 84856729917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of hospitalized adult patients with severe ulcerative colitis: Toronto consensus statements
    • author reply 195
    • A. Bitton, D. Buie, and R. Enns Treatment of hospitalized adult patients with severe ulcerative colitis: Toronto consensus statements Am J Gastroenterol 107 2012 179 194 author reply 195
    • (2012) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.107 , pp. 179-194
    • Bitton, A.1    Buie, D.2    Enns, R.3
  • 10
    • 43049113533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GRADE: An emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations
    • G.H. Guyatt, A.D. Oxman, and G.E. Vist GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations BMJ 336 2008 924 926
    • (2008) BMJ , vol.336 , pp. 924-926
    • Guyatt, G.H.1    Oxman, A.D.2    Vist, G.E.3
  • 11
    • 0014566018 scopus 로고
    • An experimental study of group opinion: The Delphi method
    • N. Dalkey An experimental study of group opinion: the Delphi method Futures 1 1969 408 426
    • (1969) Futures , vol.1 , pp. 408-426
    • Dalkey, N.1
  • 12
    • 0030761938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relation between systematic reviews and practice guidelines
    • D.J. Cook, N.L. Greengold, and A.G. Ellrodt The relation between systematic reviews and practice guidelines Ann Intern Med 127 1997 210 216
    • (1997) Ann Intern Med , vol.127 , pp. 210-216
    • Cook, D.J.1    Greengold, N.L.2    Ellrodt, A.G.3
  • 13
    • 43749120754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Going from evidence to recommendations
    • G.H. Guyatt, A.D. Oxman, and R. Kunz Going from evidence to recommendations BMJ 336 2008 1049 1051
    • (2008) BMJ , vol.336 , pp. 1049-1051
    • Guyatt, G.H.1    Oxman, A.D.2    Kunz, R.3
  • 14
    • 33646778482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Montreal classification of inflammatory bowel disease: Controversies, consensus, and implications
    • J. Satsangi, M.S. Silverberg, and S. Vermeire The Montreal classification of inflammatory bowel disease: controversies, consensus, and implications Gut 55 2006 749 753
    • (2006) Gut , vol.55 , pp. 749-753
    • Satsangi, J.1    Silverberg, M.S.2    Vermeire, S.3
  • 15
    • 0023521441 scopus 로고
    • Coated oral 5-aminosalicylic acid therapy for mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis. A randomized study
    • K.W. Schroeder, W.J. Tremaine, and D.M. Ilstrup Coated oral 5-aminosalicylic acid therapy for mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis. A randomized study N Engl J Med 317 1987 1625 1629
    • (1987) N Engl J Med , vol.317 , pp. 1625-1629
    • Schroeder, K.W.1    Tremaine, W.J.2    Ilstrup, D.M.3
  • 16
    • 79957452795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mucosal healing predicts late outcomes after the first course of corticosteroids for newly diagnosed ulcerative colitis
    • e3
    • S. Ardizzone, A. Cassinotti, and P. Duca Mucosal healing predicts late outcomes after the first course of corticosteroids for newly diagnosed ulcerative colitis Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 9 2011 483 489 e3
    • (2011) Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.9 , pp. 483-489
    • Ardizzone, S.1    Cassinotti, A.2    Duca, P.3
  • 17
    • 84876486013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of mucosal healing on long-term outcomes in ulcerative colitis treated with infliximab: A multicenter experience
    • D. Laharie, J. Filippi, and X. Roblin Impact of mucosal healing on long-term outcomes in ulcerative colitis treated with infliximab: a multicenter experience Aliment Pharmacol Ther 37 2013 998 1004
    • (2013) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.37 , pp. 998-1004
    • Laharie, D.1    Filippi, J.2    Roblin, X.3
  • 18
    • 80053130407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early mucosal healing with infliximab is associated with improved long-term clinical outcomes in ulcerative colitis
    • J.F. Colombel, P. Rutgeerts, and W. Reinisch Early mucosal healing with infliximab is associated with improved long-term clinical outcomes in ulcerative colitis Gastroenterology 141 2011 1194 1201
    • (2011) Gastroenterology , vol.141 , pp. 1194-1201
    • Colombel, J.F.1    Rutgeerts, P.2    Reinisch, W.3
  • 19
    • 33847179443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of activity indices and efficacy end points for clinical trials of medical therapy in adults with ulcerative colitis
    • G. D'Haens, W.J. Sandborn, and B.G. Feagan A review of activity indices and efficacy end points for clinical trials of medical therapy in adults with ulcerative colitis Gastroenterology 132 2007 763 786
    • (2007) Gastroenterology , vol.132 , pp. 763-786
    • D'Haens, G.1    Sandborn, W.J.2    Feagan, B.G.3
  • 20
    • 84876395459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fecal calprotectin more accurately reflects endoscopic activity of ulcerative colitis than the Lichtiger Index, C-reactive protein, platelets, hemoglobin, and blood leukocytes
    • A.M. Schoepfer, C. Beglinger, and A. Straumann Fecal calprotectin more accurately reflects endoscopic activity of ulcerative colitis than the Lichtiger Index, C-reactive protein, platelets, hemoglobin, and blood leukocytes Inflamm Bowel Dis 19 2013 332 341
    • (2013) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.19 , pp. 332-341
    • Schoepfer, A.M.1    Beglinger, C.2    Straumann, A.3
  • 21
    • 67049137968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical course during the first 10 years of ulcerative colitis: Results from a population-based inception cohort (IBSEN Study)
    • I.C. Solberg, I. Lygren, and J. Jahnsen Clinical course during the first 10 years of ulcerative colitis: results from a population-based inception cohort (IBSEN Study) Scand J Gastroenterol 44 2009 431 440
    • (2009) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.44 , pp. 431-440
    • Solberg, I.C.1    Lygren, I.2    Jahnsen, J.3
  • 22
    • 67649703547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • History of medical hospitalization predicts future need for colectomy in patients with ulcerative colitis
    • A.N. Ananthakrishnan, M. Issa, and D.B. Beaulieu History of medical hospitalization predicts future need for colectomy in patients with ulcerative colitis Inflamm Bowel Dis 15 2009 176 181
    • (2009) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.15 , pp. 176-181
    • Ananthakrishnan, A.N.1    Issa, M.2    Beaulieu, D.B.3
  • 23
    • 0029875942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in extent of ulcerative colitis: A study on the course and prognostic factors
    • E. Langholz, P. Munkholm, and M. Davidsen Changes in extent of ulcerative colitis: a study on the course and prognostic factors Scand J Gastroenterol 31 1996 260 266
    • (1996) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.31 , pp. 260-266
    • Langholz, E.1    Munkholm, P.2    Davidsen, M.3
  • 24
    • 54349117795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C-reactive protein: A predictive factor and marker of inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease. Results from a prospective population-based study
    • M. Henriksen, J. Jahnsen, and I. Lygren C-reactive protein: a predictive factor and marker of inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease. Results from a prospective population-based study Gut 57 2008 1518 1523
    • (2008) Gut , vol.57 , pp. 1518-1523
    • Henriksen, M.1    Jahnsen, J.2    Lygren, I.3
  • 25
    • 33846252777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response to corticosteroids in severe ulcerative colitis: A systematic review of the literature and a meta-regression
    • D. Turner, C.M. Walsh, and A.H. Steinhart Response to corticosteroids in severe ulcerative colitis: a systematic review of the literature and a meta-regression Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 5 2007 103 110
    • (2007) Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.5 , pp. 103-110
    • Turner, D.1    Walsh, C.M.2    Steinhart, A.H.3
  • 26
    • 34547646333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ulcerative colitis: Patient characteristics may predict 10-yr disease recurrence in a European-wide population-based cohort
    • O. Hoie, F. Wolters, and L. Riis Ulcerative colitis: patient characteristics may predict 10-yr disease recurrence in a European-wide population-based cohort Am J Gastroenterol 102 2007 1692 1701
    • (2007) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.102 , pp. 1692-1701
    • Hoie, O.1    Wolters, F.2    Riis, L.3
  • 27
    • 0028791304 scopus 로고
    • Coated oral 5-aminosalicylic acid (Claversal) is equivalent to sulfasalazine for remission maintenance in ulcerative colitis. A double-blind study
    • S. Ardizzone, M. Petrillo, and P. Molteni Coated oral 5-aminosalicylic acid (Claversal) is equivalent to sulfasalazine for remission maintenance in ulcerative colitis. A double-blind study J Clin Gastroenterol 21 1995 287 289
    • (1995) J Clin Gastroenterol , vol.21 , pp. 287-289
    • Ardizzone, S.1    Petrillo, M.2    Molteni, P.3
  • 28
    • 9044250095 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the efficacy and safety of 1.5 compared with 3.0 g oral slow-release mesalazine (Pentasa) in the maintenance treatment of ulcerative colitis. Dutch Pentasa Study Group
    • P. Fockens, C.J. Mulder, and G.N. Tytgat Comparison of the efficacy and safety of 1.5 compared with 3.0 g oral slow-release mesalazine (Pentasa) in the maintenance treatment of ulcerative colitis. Dutch Pentasa Study Group Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 7 1995 1025 1030
    • (1995) Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.7 , pp. 1025-1030
    • Fockens, P.1    Mulder, C.J.2    Tytgat, G.N.3
  • 29
    • 0034903792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The natural history of corticosteroid therapy for inflammatory bowel disease: A population-based study
    • W.A. Faubion Jr., E.V. Loftus Jr., and W.S. Harmsen The natural history of corticosteroid therapy for inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based study Gastroenterology 121 2001 255 260
    • (2001) Gastroenterology , vol.121 , pp. 255-260
    • Faubion, Jr.W.A.1    Loftus, Jr.E.V.2    Harmsen, W.S.3
  • 30
    • 77950889396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rectal 5-aminosalicylic acid for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis
    • J.K. Marshall, M. Thabane, and A.H. Steinhart Rectal 5-aminosalicylic acid for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010 CD004115
    • (2010) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , pp. CD004115
    • Marshall, J.K.1    Thabane, M.2    Steinhart, A.H.3
  • 31
    • 84856699125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of oral vs. Topical, or combined oral and topical 5-aminosalicylates, in ulcerative colitis: Systematic review and meta-analysis
    • author reply 177
    • A.C. Ford, K.J. Khan, and J.P. Achkar Efficacy of oral vs. topical, or combined oral and topical 5-aminosalicylates, in ulcerative colitis: systematic review and meta-analysis Am J Gastroenterol 107 2012 167 176 author reply 177
    • (2012) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.107 , pp. 167-176
    • Ford, A.C.1    Khan, K.J.2    Achkar, J.P.3
  • 32
    • 0029044783 scopus 로고
    • Rectal aminosalicylate therapy for distal ulcerative colitis: A meta-analysis
    • J.K. Marshall, and E.J. Irvine Rectal aminosalicylate therapy for distal ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis Aliment Pharmacol Ther 9 1995 293 300
    • (1995) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.9 , pp. 293-300
    • Marshall, J.K.1    Irvine, E.J.2
  • 33
    • 0033944708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Putting rectal 5-aminosalicylic acid in its place: The role in distal ulcerative colitis
    • J.K. Marshall, and E.J. Irvine Putting rectal 5-aminosalicylic acid in its place: the role in distal ulcerative colitis Am J Gastroenterol 95 2000 1628 1636
    • (2000) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.95 , pp. 1628-1636
    • Marshall, J.K.1    Irvine, E.J.2
  • 34
    • 33645057226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic review: The use of mesalazine in inflammatory bowel disease
    • R. Bergman, and M. Parkes Systematic review: the use of mesalazine in inflammatory bowel disease Aliment Pharmacol Ther 23 2006 841 855
    • (2006) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.23 , pp. 841-855
    • Bergman, R.1    Parkes, M.2
  • 35
    • 0034061366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-analysis and overview of the literature on treatment options for left-sided ulcerative colitis and ulcerative proctitis
    • R.D. Cohen, D.M. Woseth, and R.A. Thisted A meta-analysis and overview of the literature on treatment options for left-sided ulcerative colitis and ulcerative proctitis Am J Gastroenterol 95 2000 1263 1276
    • (2000) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.95 , pp. 1263-1276
    • Cohen, R.D.1    Woseth, D.M.2    Thisted, R.A.3
  • 36
    • 34250000835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis: The efficacy of rectal beclomethasone dipropionate vs. 5-aminosalicylic acid in mild to moderate distal ulcerative colitis
    • F. Manguso, and A. Balzano Meta-analysis: the efficacy of rectal beclomethasone dipropionate vs. 5-aminosalicylic acid in mild to moderate distal ulcerative colitis Aliment Pharmacol Ther 26 2007 21 29
    • (2007) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.26 , pp. 21-29
    • Manguso, F.1    Balzano, A.2
  • 37
    • 0031963091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of oral with rectal mesalazine in the treatment of ulcerative proctitis
    • P. Gionchetti, F. Rizzello, and A. Venturi Comparison of oral with rectal mesalazine in the treatment of ulcerative proctitis Dis Colon Rectum 41 1998 93 97
    • (1998) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.41 , pp. 93-97
    • Gionchetti, P.1    Rizzello, F.2    Venturi, A.3
  • 38
    • 84879786241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomised clinical trial: Evaluation of the efficacy of mesalazine (mesalamine) suppositories in patients with ulcerative colitis and active rectal inflammation - A placebo-controlled study
    • M. Watanabe, H. Nishino, and Y. Sameshima Randomised clinical trial: evaluation of the efficacy of mesalazine (mesalamine) suppositories in patients with ulcerative colitis and active rectal inflammation - a placebo-controlled study Aliment Pharmacol Ther 38 2013 264 273
    • (2013) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.38 , pp. 264-273
    • Watanabe, M.1    Nishino, H.2    Sameshima, Y.3
  • 39
    • 0025092693 scopus 로고
    • Ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer. A population-based study
    • A. Ekbom, C. Helmick, and M. Zack Ulcerative colitis and colorectal cancer. A population-based study N Engl J Med 323 1990 1228 1233
    • (1990) N Engl J Med , vol.323 , pp. 1228-1233
    • Ekbom, A.1    Helmick, C.2    Zack, M.3
  • 40
    • 0030011441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of mesalazine enemas in active and quiescent ulcerative colitis
    • A.A. van Bodegraven, R.O. Boer, and J. Lourens Distribution of mesalazine enemas in active and quiescent ulcerative colitis Aliment Pharmacol Ther 10 1996 327 332
    • (1996) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.10 , pp. 327-332
    • Van Bodegraven, A.A.1    Boer, R.O.2    Lourens, J.3
  • 41
    • 0030882978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colonic spread of three rectally administered mesalazine (Pentasa) dosage forms in healthy volunteers as assessed by gamma scintigraphy
    • J. Brown, S. Haines, and I.R. Wilding Colonic spread of three rectally administered mesalazine (Pentasa) dosage forms in healthy volunteers as assessed by gamma scintigraphy Aliment Pharmacol Ther 11 1997 685 691
    • (1997) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.11 , pp. 685-691
    • Brown, J.1    Haines, S.2    Wilding, I.R.3
  • 42
    • 35449008088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical trial: Randomized-controlled clinical study comparing the efficacy and safety of a low-volume vs. A high-volume mesalazine foam in active distal ulcerative colitis
    • R. Eliakim, Z. Tulassay, and L. Kupcinskas Clinical trial: randomized-controlled clinical study comparing the efficacy and safety of a low-volume vs. a high-volume mesalazine foam in active distal ulcerative colitis Aliment Pharmacol Ther 26 2007 1237 1249
    • (2007) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.26 , pp. 1237-1249
    • Eliakim, R.1    Tulassay, Z.2    Kupcinskas, L.3
  • 43
    • 84873156311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis
    • B.G. Feagan, and J.K. Macdonald Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis Cochrane Database Syst Rev 10 2012 CD000543
    • (2012) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , vol.10 , pp. CD000543
    • Feagan, B.G.1    Macdonald, J.K.2
  • 44
    • 79953770843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of 5-aminosalicylates in ulcerative colitis: Systematic review and meta-analysis
    • A.C. Ford, J.P. Achkar, and K.J. Khan Efficacy of 5-aminosalicylates in ulcerative colitis: systematic review and meta-analysis Am J Gastroenterol 106 2011 601 616
    • (2011) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.106 , pp. 601-616
    • Ford, A.C.1    Achkar, J.P.2    Khan, K.J.3
  • 45
    • 70649110836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delayed-release oral mesalamine 4.8 g/day (800-mg tablet) is effective for patients with moderately active ulcerative colitis
    • e1-3
    • W.J. Sandborn, J. Regula, and B.G. Feagan Delayed-release oral mesalamine 4.8 g/day (800-mg tablet) is effective for patients with moderately active ulcerative colitis Gastroenterology 137 2009 1934 1943 e1-3
    • (2009) Gastroenterology , vol.137 , pp. 1934-1943
    • Sandborn, W.J.1    Regula, J.2    Feagan, B.G.3
  • 46
    • 39149118880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delayed-release oral mesalamine 4.8 g/day (800 mg tablets) compared to 2.4 g/day (400 mg tablets) for the treatment of mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis: The ASCEND i trial
    • S.B. Hanauer, W.J. Sandborn, and C. Dallaire Delayed-release oral mesalamine 4.8 g/day (800 mg tablets) compared to 2.4 g/day (400 mg tablets) for the treatment of mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis: The ASCEND I trial Can J Gastroenterol 21 2007 827 834
    • (2007) Can J Gastroenterol , vol.21 , pp. 827-834
    • Hanauer, S.B.1    Sandborn, W.J.2    Dallaire, C.3
  • 47
    • 33644653559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delayed-release oral mesalamine at 4.8 g/day (800 mg tablet) for the treatment of moderately active ulcerative colitis: The ASCEND II trial
    • S.B. Hanauer, W.J. Sandborn, and A. Kornbluth Delayed-release oral mesalamine at 4.8 g/day (800 mg tablet) for the treatment of moderately active ulcerative colitis: the ASCEND II trial Am J Gastroenterol 100 2005 2478 2485
    • (2005) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.100 , pp. 2478-2485
    • Hanauer, S.B.1    Sandborn, W.J.2    Kornbluth, A.3
  • 48
    • 0842265246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic review: Short-term adverse effects of 5-aminosalicylic acid agents in the treatment of ulcerative colitis
    • E.V. Loftus Jr., S.V. Kane, and D. Bjorkman Systematic review: short-term adverse effects of 5-aminosalicylic acid agents in the treatment of ulcerative colitis Aliment Pharmacol Ther 19 2004 179 189
    • (2004) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.19 , pp. 179-189
    • Loftus, Jr.E.V.1    Kane, S.V.2    Bjorkman, D.3
  • 49
    • 34249100276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5-Aminosalicylates and renal function in inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review
    • J.P. Gisbert, Y. Gonzalez-Lama, and J. Mate 5-Aminosalicylates and renal function in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review Inflamm Bowel Dis 13 2007 629 638
    • (2007) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.13 , pp. 629-638
    • Gisbert, J.P.1    Gonzalez-Lama, Y.2    Mate, J.3
  • 50
    • 0036897005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Balsalazide is superior to mesalamine in the time to improvement of signs and symptoms of acute mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis
    • R. Pruitt, J. Hanson, and M. Safdi Balsalazide is superior to mesalamine in the time to improvement of signs and symptoms of acute mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis Am J Gastroenterol 97 2002 3078 3086
    • (2002) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.97 , pp. 3078-3086
    • Pruitt, R.1    Hanson, J.2    Safdi, M.3
  • 51
    • 0036082021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, double blind, dose-response comparison of balsalazide (6.75 g), balsalazide (2.25 g), and mesalamine (2.4 g) in the treatment of active, mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis
    • D.S. Levine, D.S. Riff, and R. Pruitt A randomized, double blind, dose-response comparison of balsalazide (6.75 g), balsalazide (2.25 g), and mesalamine (2.4 g) in the treatment of active, mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis Am J Gastroenterol 97 2002 1398 1407
    • (2002) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.97 , pp. 1398-1407
    • Levine, D.S.1    Riff, D.S.2    Pruitt, R.3
  • 52
    • 58149401224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mesalamine foam enema versus mesalamine liquid enema in active left-sided ulcerative colitis
    • A. Cortot, D. Maetz, and E. Degoutte Mesalamine foam enema versus mesalamine liquid enema in active left-sided ulcerative colitis Am J Gastroenterol 103 2008 3106 3114
    • (2008) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.103 , pp. 3106-3114
    • Cortot, A.1    Maetz, D.2    Degoutte, E.3
  • 53
    • 0028830213 scopus 로고
    • Mesalazine suppositories versus hydrocortisone foam in patients with distal ulcerative colitis. A comparison of the efficacy and practicality of two topical treatment regimens
    • P.G. Farup, O. Hovde, and F.A. Halvorsen Mesalazine suppositories versus hydrocortisone foam in patients with distal ulcerative colitis. A comparison of the efficacy and practicality of two topical treatment regimens Scand J Gastroenterol 30 1995 164 170
    • (1995) Scand J Gastroenterol , vol.30 , pp. 164-170
    • Farup, P.G.1    Hovde, O.2    Halvorsen, F.A.3
  • 54
    • 77954326942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical trial: Controlled, open, randomized multicentre study comparing the effects of treatment on quality of life, safety and efficacy of budesonide or mesalazine enemas in active left-sided ulcerative colitis
    • F. Hartmann, and J. Stein Clinical trial: controlled, open, randomized multicentre study comparing the effects of treatment on quality of life, safety and efficacy of budesonide or mesalazine enemas in active left-sided ulcerative colitis Aliment Pharmacol Ther 32 2010 368 376
    • (2010) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.32 , pp. 368-376
    • Hartmann, F.1    Stein, J.2
  • 55
    • 0028791992 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of budesonide and 5-aminosalicylic acid enemas in active distal ulcerative colitis
    • M. Lemann, A. Galian, and P. Rutgeerts Comparison of budesonide and 5-aminosalicylic acid enemas in active distal ulcerative colitis Aliment Pharmacol Ther 9 1995 557 562
    • (1995) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.9 , pp. 557-562
    • Lemann, M.1    Galian, A.2    Rutgeerts, P.3
  • 56
    • 0030827118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A double-blind comparison of oral versus rectal mesalamine versus combination therapy in the treatment of distal ulcerative colitis
    • M. Safdi, M. DeMicco, and C. Sninsky A double-blind comparison of oral versus rectal mesalamine versus combination therapy in the treatment of distal ulcerative colitis Am J Gastroenterol 92 1997 1867 1871
    • (1997) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.92 , pp. 1867-1871
    • Safdi, M.1    Demicco, M.2    Sninsky, C.3
  • 57
    • 61949292991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of extended MMX mesalamine therapy for acute, mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis
    • M.A. Kamm, G.R. Lichtenstein, and W.J. Sandborn Effect of extended MMX mesalamine therapy for acute, mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis Inflamm Bowel Dis 15 2009 1 8
    • (2009) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.15 , pp. 1-8
    • Kamm, M.A.1    Lichtenstein, G.R.2    Sandborn, W.J.3
  • 58
    • 84859857709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of topical 5-aminosalicylates in preventing relapse of quiescent ulcerative colitis: A meta-analysis
    • A.C. Ford, K.J. Khan, and W.J. Sandborn Efficacy of topical 5-aminosalicylates in preventing relapse of quiescent ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 10 2012 513 519
    • (2012) Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.10 , pp. 513-519
    • Ford, A.C.1    Khan, K.J.2    Sandborn, W.J.3
  • 59
    • 84873153604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rectal 5-aminosalicylic acid for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis
    • J.K. Marshall, M. Thabane, and A.H. Steinhart Rectal 5-aminosalicylic acid for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis Cochrane Database Syst Rev 11 2012 CD004118
    • (2012) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , vol.11 , pp. CD004118
    • Marshall, J.K.1    Thabane, M.2    Steinhart, A.H.3
  • 60
    • 84873137028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis
    • B.G. Feagan, and J.K. Macdonald Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis Cochrane Database Syst Rev 10 2012 CD000544
    • (2012) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , vol.10 , pp. CD000544
    • Feagan, B.G.1    Macdonald, J.K.2
  • 61
    • 0028804562 scopus 로고
    • Safety and efficacy of controlled-release mesalamine for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis. Pentasa UC Maintenance Study Group
    • P. Miner, S. Hanauer, and M. Robinson Safety and efficacy of controlled-release mesalamine for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis. Pentasa UC Maintenance Study Group Dig Dis Sci 40 1995 296 304
    • (1995) Dig Dis Sci , vol.40 , pp. 296-304
    • Miner, P.1    Hanauer, S.2    Robinson, M.3
  • 62
    • 84884666562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are there any differences in the efficacy and safety of different formulations of Oral 5-ASA used for induction and maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis? Evidence from cochrane reviews
    • B.G. Feagan, N. Chande, and J.K. MacDonald Are there any differences in the efficacy and safety of different formulations of Oral 5-ASA used for induction and maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis? evidence from cochrane reviews Inflamm Bowel Dis 19 2013 2031 2040
    • (2013) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.19 , pp. 2031-2040
    • Feagan, B.G.1    Chande, N.2    Macdonald, J.K.3
  • 63
    • 84864991833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Once daily oral mesalamine compared to conventional dosing for induction and maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • B.G. Feagan, and J.K. MacDonald Once daily oral mesalamine compared to conventional dosing for induction and maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis Inflamm Bowel Dis 18 2012 1785 1794
    • (2012) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.18 , pp. 1785-1794
    • Feagan, B.G.1    Macdonald, J.K.2
  • 64
    • 84875229233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomised clinical trial: Once- vs. Twice-daily prolonged-release mesalazine for active ulcerative colitis
    • B. Flourie, H. Hagege, and G. Tucat Randomised clinical trial: once- vs. twice-daily prolonged-release mesalazine for active ulcerative colitis Aliment Pharmacol Ther 37 2013 767 775
    • (2013) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.37 , pp. 767-775
    • Flourie, B.1    Hagege, H.2    Tucat, G.3
  • 65
    • 82955225240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Once-daily dosing vs. Conventional dosing schedule of mesalamine and relapse of quiescent ulcerative colitis: Systematic review and meta-analysis
    • quiz 2078
    • A.C. Ford, K.J. Khan, and W.J. Sandborn Once-daily dosing vs. conventional dosing schedule of mesalamine and relapse of quiescent ulcerative colitis: systematic review and meta-analysis Am J Gastroenterol 106 2011 2070 2077 quiz 2078
    • (2011) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.106 , pp. 2070-2077
    • Ford, A.C.1    Khan, K.J.2    Sandborn, W.J.3
  • 66
    • 67649381637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mesalamine once daily is more effective than twice daily in patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis
    • A.U. Dignass, B. Bokemeyer, and H. Adamek Mesalamine once daily is more effective than twice daily in patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 7 2009 762 769
    • (2009) Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.7 , pp. 762-769
    • Dignass, A.U.1    Bokemeyer, B.2    Adamek, H.3
  • 67
    • 0034798909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of nonadherence with maintenance mesalamine in quiescent ulcerative colitis
    • S.V. Kane, R.D. Cohen, and J.E. Aikens Prevalence of nonadherence with maintenance mesalamine in quiescent ulcerative colitis Am J Gastroenterol 96 2001 2929 2933
    • (2001) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.96 , pp. 2929-2933
    • Kane, S.V.1    Cohen, R.D.2    Aikens, J.E.3
  • 68
    • 0037245392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medication nonadherence and the outcomes of patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis
    • S. Kane, D. Huo, and J. Aikens Medication nonadherence and the outcomes of patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis Am J Med 114 2003 39 43
    • (2003) Am J Med , vol.114 , pp. 39-43
    • Kane, S.1    Huo, D.2    Aikens, J.3
  • 69
    • 58149094256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic review: Impact of non-adherence to 5-aminosalicylic acid products on the frequency and cost of ulcerative colitis flares
    • P.D. Higgins, D.T. Rubin, and K. Kaulback Systematic review: impact of non-adherence to 5-aminosalicylic acid products on the frequency and cost of ulcerative colitis flares Aliment Pharmacol Ther 29 2009 247 257
    • (2009) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.29 , pp. 247-257
    • Higgins, P.D.1    Rubin, D.T.2    Kaulback, K.3
  • 70
    • 57749184564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strategies to improve adherence and outcomes in patients with ulcerative colitis
    • S.V. Kane Strategies to improve adherence and outcomes in patients with ulcerative colitis Drugs 68 2008 2601 2609
    • (2008) Drugs , vol.68 , pp. 2601-2609
    • Kane, S.V.1
  • 71
    • 58849136710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Once daily versus three times daily mesalazine granules in active ulcerative colitis: A double-blind, double-dummy, randomised, non-inferiority trial
    • W. Kruis, G. Kiudelis, and I. Racz Once daily versus three times daily mesalazine granules in active ulcerative colitis: a double-blind, double-dummy, randomised, non-inferiority trial Gut 58 2009 233 240
    • (2009) Gut , vol.58 , pp. 233-240
    • Kruis, W.1    Kiudelis, G.2    Racz, I.3
  • 72
    • 77949863512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Once-daily dosing of delayed-release oral mesalamine (400-mg tablet) is as effective as twice-daily dosing for maintenance of remission of ulcerative colitis
    • 1296 e1-3
    • W.J. Sandborn, J. Korzenik, and B. Lashner Once-daily dosing of delayed-release oral mesalamine (400-mg tablet) is as effective as twice-daily dosing for maintenance of remission of ulcerative colitis Gastroenterology 138 2010 1286 1296 1296 e1-3
    • (2010) Gastroenterology , vol.138 , pp. 1286-1296
    • Sandborn, W.J.1    Korzenik, J.2    Lashner, B.3
  • 73
    • 79953777773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucocorticosteroid therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis
    • quiz 600
    • A.C. Ford, C.N. Bernstein, and K.J. Khan Glucocorticosteroid therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: systematic review and meta-analysis Am J Gastroenterol 106 2011 590 599 quiz 600
    • (2011) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.106 , pp. 590-599
    • Ford, A.C.1    Bernstein, C.N.2    Khan, K.J.3
  • 74
    • 0037560155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral beclometasone dipropionate in the treatment of extensive and left-sided active ulcerative colitis: A multicentre randomised study
    • M. Campieri, S. Adamo, and D. Valpiani Oral beclometasone dipropionate in the treatment of extensive and left-sided active ulcerative colitis: a multicentre randomised study Aliment Pharmacol Ther 17 2003 1471 1480
    • (2003) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.17 , pp. 1471-1480
    • Campieri, M.1    Adamo, S.2    Valpiani, D.3
  • 75
    • 84893767519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Once-daily budesonide MMX in active, mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis: Results from the randomised CORE II study
    • S.P. Travis, S. Danese, and L. Kupcinskas Once-daily budesonide MMX in active, mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis: results from the randomised CORE II study Gut 63 2014 433 441
    • (2014) Gut , vol.63 , pp. 433-441
    • Travis, S.P.1    Danese, S.2    Kupcinskas, L.3
  • 76
    • 33644869450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Gastroenterological Association Institute technical review on corticosteroids, immunomodulators, and infliximab in inflammatory bowel disease
    • G.R. Lichtenstein, M.T. Abreu, and R. Cohen American Gastroenterological Association Institute technical review on corticosteroids, immunomodulators, and infliximab in inflammatory bowel disease Gastroenterology 130 2006 940 987
    • (2006) Gastroenterology , vol.130 , pp. 940-987
    • Lichtenstein, G.R.1    Abreu, M.T.2    Cohen, R.3
  • 77
    • 75149161836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The second European evidence-based Consensus on the diagnosis and management of Crohn's disease: Current management
    • A. Dignass, G. Van Assche, and J.O. Lindsay The second European evidence-based Consensus on the diagnosis and management of Crohn's disease: Current management J Crohns Colitis 4 2010 28 62
    • (2010) J Crohns Colitis , vol.4 , pp. 28-62
    • Dignass, A.1    Van Assche, G.2    Lindsay, J.O.3
  • 78
    • 0030848283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rectal corticosteroids versus alternative treatments in ulcerative colitis: A meta-analysis
    • J.K. Marshall, and E.J. Irvine Rectal corticosteroids versus alternative treatments in ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis Gut 40 1997 775 781
    • (1997) Gut , vol.40 , pp. 775-781
    • Marshall, J.K.1    Irvine, E.J.2
  • 79
    • 0023192198 scopus 로고
    • Topical 5-aminosalicylic acid versus prednisolone in ulcerative proctosigmoiditis. A randomized, double-blind multicenter trial. Danish 5-ASA Group
    • Topical 5-aminosalicylic acid versus prednisolone in ulcerative proctosigmoiditis. A randomized, double-blind multicenter trial. Danish 5-ASA Group Dig Dis Sci 32 1987 598 602
    • (1987) Dig Dis Sci , vol.32 , pp. 598-602
  • 80
    • 9044244136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomised trial comparing mesalazine and prednisolone foam enemas in patients with acute distal ulcerative colitis
    • F.I. Lee, D.P. Jewell, and V. Mani A randomised trial comparing mesalazine and prednisolone foam enemas in patients with acute distal ulcerative colitis Gut 38 1996 229 233
    • (1996) Gut , vol.38 , pp. 229-233
    • Lee, F.I.1    Jewell, D.P.2    Mani, V.3
  • 81
    • 0037777589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Budesonide foam vs. Hydrocortisone acetate foam in the treatment of active ulcerative proctosigmoiditis
    • S. Bar-Meir, H.H. Fidder, and M. Faszczyk Budesonide foam vs. hydrocortisone acetate foam in the treatment of active ulcerative proctosigmoiditis Dis Colon Rectum 46 2003 929 936
    • (2003) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.46 , pp. 929-936
    • Bar-Meir, S.1    Fidder, H.H.2    Faszczyk, M.3
  • 82
    • 84928648445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of budesonide foam for inducing remission in mildly to moderately active ulcerative proctitis or ulcerative proctosigmoiditis (abstr P-149)
    • W. Sandborn, B. Bosworth, and S. Zakko Efficacy and safety of budesonide foam for inducing remission in mildly to moderately active ulcerative proctitis or ulcerative proctosigmoiditis (abstr P-149) Inflamm Bowel Dis 19 suppl 1 2013 S83
    • (2013) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.19 , pp. S83
    • Sandborn, W.1    Bosworth, B.2    Zakko, S.3
  • 83
    • 0019864792 scopus 로고
    • A controlled trial of alternate day prednisolone as a maintenance treatment for ulcerative colitis in remission
    • J. Powell-Tuck, R.L. Bown, and T.J. Chambers A controlled trial of alternate day prednisolone as a maintenance treatment for ulcerative colitis in remission Digestion 22 1981 263 270
    • (1981) Digestion , vol.22 , pp. 263-270
    • Powell-Tuck, J.1    Bown, R.L.2    Chambers, T.J.3
  • 84
    • 49749203019 scopus 로고
    • Prednisone as maintenance treatment for ulcerative colitis in remission
    • J.E. Lennard-Jones, J.J. Misiewicz, and A.M. Connell Prednisone as maintenance treatment for ulcerative colitis in remission Lancet 1 1965 188 189
    • (1965) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 188-189
    • Lennard-Jones, J.E.1    Misiewicz, J.J.2    Connell, A.M.3
  • 85
    • 70449234092 scopus 로고
    • Cortisone and corticotrophin in ulcerative colitis
    • S.C. Truelove, and L.J. Witts Cortisone and corticotrophin in ulcerative colitis Br Med J 1 1959 387 394
    • (1959) Br Med J , vol.1 , pp. 387-394
    • Truelove, S.C.1    Witts, L.J.2
  • 86
    • 0031049121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduced bone density in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
    • I. Bjarnason, A. Macpherson, and C. Mackintosh Reduced bone density in patients with inflammatory bowel disease Gut 40 1997 228 233
    • (1997) Gut , vol.40 , pp. 228-233
    • Bjarnason, I.1    Macpherson, A.2    Mackintosh, C.3
  • 87
    • 84866122837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serious infection and mortality in patients with Crohn's disease: More than 5 years of follow-up in the TREAT registry
    • G.R. Lichtenstein, B.G. Feagan, and R.D. Cohen Serious infection and mortality in patients with Crohn's disease: more than 5 years of follow-up in the TREAT registry Am J Gastroenterol 107 2012 1409 1422
    • (2012) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.107 , pp. 1409-1422
    • Lichtenstein, G.R.1    Feagan, B.G.2    Cohen, R.D.3
  • 88
    • 84868127664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Once-daily budesonide MMX(R) extended-release tablets induce remission in patients with mild to moderate ulcerative colitis: Results from the CORE i study
    • e1-2
    • W.J. Sandborn, S. Travis, and L. Moro Once-daily budesonide MMX(R) extended-release tablets induce remission in patients with mild to moderate ulcerative colitis: results from the CORE I study Gastroenterology 143 2012 1218 1226 e1-2
    • (2012) Gastroenterology , vol.143 , pp. 1218-1226
    • Sandborn, W.J.1    Travis, S.2    Moro, L.3
  • 89
    • 77952320689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical trial: Preliminary efficacy and safety study of a new Budesonide-MMX(R) 9 mg extended-release tablets in patients with active left-sided ulcerative colitis
    • G.R. D'Haens, A. Kovacs, and P. Vergauwe Clinical trial: Preliminary efficacy and safety study of a new Budesonide-MMX(R) 9 mg extended-release tablets in patients with active left-sided ulcerative colitis J Crohns Colitis 4 2010 153 160
    • (2010) J Crohns Colitis , vol.4 , pp. 153-160
    • D'Haens, G.R.1    Kovacs, A.2    Vergauwe, P.3
  • 90
    • 9344230405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral budesonide versus prednisolone in patients with active extensive and left-sided ulcerative colitis
    • R. Lofberg, A. Danielsson, and O. Suhr Oral budesonide versus prednisolone in patients with active extensive and left-sided ulcerative colitis Gastroenterology 110 1996 1713 1718
    • (1996) Gastroenterology , vol.110 , pp. 1713-1718
    • Lofberg, R.1    Danielsson, A.2    Suhr, O.3
  • 91
    • 79953085950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3g mesalazine granules are superior to 9mg budesonide for achieving remission in active ulcerative colitis: A double-blind, double-dummy, randomised trial
    • V. Gross, I. Bunganic, and E.A. Belousova 3g mesalazine granules are superior to 9mg budesonide for achieving remission in active ulcerative colitis: a double-blind, double-dummy, randomised trial J Crohns Colitis 5 2011 129 138
    • (2011) J Crohns Colitis , vol.5 , pp. 129-138
    • Gross, V.1    Bunganic, I.2    Belousova, E.A.3
  • 93
    • 20844432689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bone mineral density in relation to efficacy and side effects of budesonide and prednisolone in Crohn's disease
    • E.J. Schoon, S. Bollani, and P.R. Mills Bone mineral density in relation to efficacy and side effects of budesonide and prednisolone in Crohn's disease Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 3 2005 113 121
    • (2005) Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.3 , pp. 113-121
    • Schoon, E.J.1    Bollani, S.2    Mills, P.R.3
  • 94
    • 67649867062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis: The efficacy of azathioprine and mercaptopurine in ulcerative colitis
    • J.P. Gisbert, P.M. Linares, and A.G. McNicholl Meta-analysis: the efficacy of azathioprine and mercaptopurine in ulcerative colitis Aliment Pharmacol Ther 30 2009 126 137
    • (2009) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.30 , pp. 126-137
    • Gisbert, J.P.1    Linares, P.M.2    McNicholl, A.G.3
  • 95
    • 0016293798 scopus 로고
    • Azathioprine in ulcerative colitis: Final report on controlled therapeutic trial
    • D.P. Jewell, and S.C. Truelove Azathioprine in ulcerative colitis: final report on controlled therapeutic trial Br Med J 4 1974 627 630
    • (1974) Br Med J , vol.4 , pp. 627-630
    • Jewell, D.P.1    Truelove, S.C.2
  • 96
    • 0033978036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of azathioprine in severe ulcerative colitis: One-year, placebo-controlled, randomized trial
    • A. Sood, V. Midha, and N. Sood Role of azathioprine in severe ulcerative colitis: one-year, placebo-controlled, randomized trial Indian J Gastroenterol 19 2000 14 16
    • (2000) Indian J Gastroenterol , vol.19 , pp. 14-16
    • Sood, A.1    Midha, V.2    Sood, N.3
  • 97
    • 79953778809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy for inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • K.J. Khan, M.C. Dubinsky, and A.C. Ford Efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy for inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis Am J Gastroenterol 106 2011 630 642
    • (2011) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.106 , pp. 630-642
    • Khan, K.J.1    Dubinsky, M.C.2    Ford, A.C.3
  • 98
    • 29244457275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomised controlled trial of azathioprine and 5-aminosalicylic acid for treatment of steroid dependent ulcerative colitis
    • S. Ardizzone, G. Maconi, and A. Russo Randomised controlled trial of azathioprine and 5-aminosalicylic acid for treatment of steroid dependent ulcerative colitis Gut 55 2006 47 53
    • (2006) Gut , vol.55 , pp. 47-53
    • Ardizzone, S.1    Maconi, G.2    Russo, A.3
  • 99
    • 84873020600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis
    • A. Timmer, J.W. McDonald, and D.J. Tsoulis Azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis Cochrane Database Syst Rev 9 2012 CD000478
    • (2012) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , vol.9 , pp. CD000478
    • Timmer, A.1    McDonald, J.W.2    Tsoulis, D.J.3
  • 100
    • 0036255548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The beneficial effect of azathioprine on maintenance of remission in severe ulcerative colitis
    • A. Sood, V. Kaushal, and V. Midha The beneficial effect of azathioprine on maintenance of remission in severe ulcerative colitis J Gastroenterol 37 2002 270 274
    • (2002) J Gastroenterol , vol.37 , pp. 270-274
    • Sood, A.1    Kaushal, V.2    Midha, V.3
  • 101
    • 0026693139 scopus 로고
    • Randomised controlled trial of azathioprine withdrawal in ulcerative colitis
    • A.B. Hawthorne, R.F. Logan, and C.J. Hawkey Randomised controlled trial of azathioprine withdrawal in ulcerative colitis BMJ 305 1992 20 22
    • (1992) BMJ , vol.305 , pp. 20-22
    • Hawthorne, A.B.1    Logan, R.F.2    Hawkey, C.J.3
  • 102
    • 77949271455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ulcerative colitis practice guidelines in adults: American College of Gastroenterology, Practice Parameters Committee
    • quiz 524
    • A. Kornbluth, and D.B. Sachar Ulcerative colitis practice guidelines in adults: American College Of Gastroenterology, Practice Parameters Committee Am J Gastroenterol 105 2010 501 523 quiz 524
    • (2010) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.105 , pp. 501-523
    • Kornbluth, A.1    Sachar, D.B.2
  • 103
    • 77953801701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review article: Malignancy on thiopurine treatment with special reference to inflammatory bowel disease
    • M.A. Smith, P.M. Irving, and A.M. Marinaki Review article: malignancy on thiopurine treatment with special reference to inflammatory bowel disease Aliment Pharmacol Ther 32 2010 119 130
    • (2010) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.32 , pp. 119-130
    • Smith, M.A.1    Irving, P.M.2    Marinaki, A.M.3
  • 104
    • 78650239266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systematic review of factors that contribute to hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
    • D.S. Kotlyar, M.T. Osterman, and R.H. Diamond A systematic review of factors that contribute to hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma in patients with inflammatory bowel disease Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 9 2011 36 41.e1
    • (2011) Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.9 , pp. 36-41e1
    • Kotlyar, D.S.1    Osterman, M.T.2    Diamond, R.H.3
  • 105
    • 84893772239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between thiopurine use and nonmelanoma skin cancers in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A meta-analysis
    • J. Ariyaratnam, and V. Subramanian Association between thiopurine use and nonmelanoma skin cancers in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis Am J Gastroenterol 109 2014 163 169
    • (2014) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.109 , pp. 163-169
    • Ariyaratnam, J.1    Subramanian, V.2
  • 107
    • 84905867226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canadian Association of Gastroenterology position statement regarding the use of thiopurines for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease
    • J.K. Marshall, A.R. Otley, and W. Afif Canadian Association of Gastroenterology position statement regarding the use of thiopurines for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 28 2014 371 372
    • (2014) Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.28 , pp. 371-372
    • Marshall, J.K.1    Otley, A.R.2    Afif, W.3
  • 110
    • 9244264980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methotrexate in chronic active ulcerative colitis: A double-blind, randomized, Israeli multicenter trial
    • R. Oren, N. Arber, and S. Odes Methotrexate in chronic active ulcerative colitis: a double-blind, randomized, Israeli multicenter trial Gastroenterology 110 1996 1416 1421
    • (1996) Gastroenterology , vol.110 , pp. 1416-1421
    • Oren, R.1    Arber, N.2    Odes, S.3
  • 111
    • 79953773779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-dose weekly methotrexate therapy in remission maintenance in ulcerative colitis (abstr)
    • M. Onuk, S. Kaymakoglu, and K. Demir Low-dose weekly methotrexate therapy in remission maintenance in ulcerative colitis (abstr) Gut 39 1996 A75
    • (1996) Gut , vol.39 , pp. A75
    • Onuk, M.1    Kaymakoglu, S.2    Demir, K.3
  • 112
    • 0033679444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 6-mercaptopurine or methotrexate added to prednisone induces and maintains remission in steroid-dependent inflammatory bowel disease
    • J. Mate-Jimenez, C. Hermida, and J. Cantero-Perona 6-mercaptopurine or methotrexate added to prednisone induces and maintains remission in steroid-dependent inflammatory bowel disease Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 12 2000 1227 1233
    • (2000) Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.12 , pp. 1227-1233
    • Mate-Jimenez, J.1    Hermida, C.2    Cantero-Perona, J.3
  • 113
    • 0033406747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized dose-response and pharmacokinetic study of methotrexate for refractory inflammatory Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis
    • L.J. Egan, W.J. Sandborn, and W.J. Tremaine A randomized dose-response and pharmacokinetic study of methotrexate for refractory inflammatory Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis Aliment Pharmacol Ther 13 1999 1597 1604
    • (1999) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.13 , pp. 1597-1604
    • Egan, L.J.1    Sandborn, W.J.2    Tremaine, W.J.3
  • 114
    • 80053132333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methotrexate in ulcerative colitis: A Spanish multicentric study on clinical use and efficacy
    • M. Manosa, V. Garcia, and L. Castro Methotrexate in ulcerative colitis: a Spanish multicentric study on clinical use and efficacy J Crohns Colitis 5 2011 397 401
    • (2011) J Crohns Colitis , vol.5 , pp. 397-401
    • Manosa, M.1    Garcia, V.2    Castro, L.3
  • 115
    • 84879107120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methotrexate in ulcerative colitis: A nationwide retrospective cohort from the Veterans Affairs Health Care System
    • N. Khan, A.M. Abbas, and M. Moehlen Methotrexate in ulcerative colitis: a nationwide retrospective cohort from the Veterans Affairs Health Care System Inflamm Bowel Dis 19 2013 1379 1383
    • (2013) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.19 , pp. 1379-1383
    • Khan, N.1    Abbas, A.M.2    Moehlen, M.3
  • 116
    • 79953801792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of biological therapies in inflammatory bowel disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis
    • quiz 660
    • A.C. Ford, W.J. Sandborn, and K.J. Khan Efficacy of biological therapies in inflammatory bowel disease: systematic review and meta-analysis Am J Gastroenterol 106 2011 644 659 quiz 660
    • (2011) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.106 , pp. 644-659
    • Ford, A.C.1    Sandborn, W.J.2    Khan, K.J.3
  • 117
    • 33750105599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumour necrosis factor alpha blocking agents for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis
    • M.M. Lawson, A.G. Thomas, and A.K. Akobeng Tumour necrosis factor alpha blocking agents for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006 CD005112
    • (2006) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , pp. CD005112
    • Lawson, M.M.1    Thomas, A.G.2    Akobeng, A.K.3
  • 118
    • 84900309796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor alpha blocking agents as treatment for ulcerative colitis intolerant or refractory to conventional medical therapy: A meta-analysis
    • R. Lv, W. Qiao, and Z. Wu Tumor necrosis factor alpha blocking agents as treatment for ulcerative colitis intolerant or refractory to conventional medical therapy: a meta-analysis PLoS One 9 2014 e86692
    • (2014) PLoS One , vol.9 , pp. e86692
    • Lv, R.1    Qiao, W.2    Wu, Z.3
  • 119
    • 28844473957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infliximab for induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis
    • P. Rutgeerts, W.J. Sandborn, and B.G. Feagan Infliximab for induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis N Engl J Med 353 2005 2462 2476
    • (2005) N Engl J Med , vol.353 , pp. 2462-2476
    • Rutgeerts, P.1    Sandborn, W.J.2    Feagan, B.G.3
  • 120
    • 79955859430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adalimumab for induction of clinical remission in moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis: Results of a randomised controlled trial
    • W. Reinisch, W.J. Sandborn, and D.W. Hommes Adalimumab for induction of clinical remission in moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis: results of a randomised controlled trial Gut 60 2011 780 787
    • (2011) Gut , vol.60 , pp. 780-787
    • Reinisch, W.1    Sandborn, W.J.2    Hommes, D.W.3
  • 121
    • 84856163835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adalimumab induces and maintains clinical remission in patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis
    • e1-3
    • W.J. Sandborn, G. van Assche, and W. Reinisch Adalimumab induces and maintains clinical remission in patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis Gastroenterology 142 2012 257 265 e1-3
    • (2012) Gastroenterology , vol.142 , pp. 257-265
    • Sandborn, W.J.1    Van Assche, G.2    Reinisch, W.3
  • 122
    • 84890620601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subcutaneous golimumab induces clinical response and remission in patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis
    • quiz e14-e15
    • W.J. Sandborn, B.G. Feagan, and C. Marano Subcutaneous golimumab induces clinical response and remission in patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis Gastroenterology 146 2014 85 95 quiz e14-e15
    • (2014) Gastroenterology , vol.146 , pp. 85-95
    • Sandborn, W.J.1    Feagan, B.G.2    Marano, C.3
  • 123
    • 84881187537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opportunistic infections with anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • A.C. Ford, and L. Peyrin-Biroulet Opportunistic infections with anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Am J Gastroenterol 108 2013 1268 1276
    • (2013) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.108 , pp. 1268-1276
    • Ford, A.C.1    Peyrin-Biroulet, L.2
  • 124
    • 84889673425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infectious and malignant complications of TNF inhibitor therapy in IBD
    • quiz 1843
    • L.E. Targownik, and C.N. Bernstein Infectious and malignant complications of TNF inhibitor therapy in IBD Am J Gastroenterol 108 2013 1835 1842 quiz 1843
    • (2013) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.108 , pp. 1835-1842
    • Targownik, L.E.1    Bernstein, C.N.2
  • 125
    • 79953281856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of immunomodulators on the immunogenicity of TNF-blocking therapeutic monoclonal antibodies: A review
    • C.L. Krieckaert, G.M. Bartelds, and W.F. Lems The effect of immunomodulators on the immunogenicity of TNF-blocking therapeutic monoclonal antibodies: a review Arthritis Res Ther 12 2010 217
    • (2010) Arthritis Res Ther , vol.12 , pp. 217
    • Krieckaert, C.L.1    Bartelds, G.M.2    Lems, W.F.3
  • 126
    • 84922358720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Key findings towards optimising adalimumab treatment: The concentration-effect curve
    • M.F. Pouw, C.L. Krieckaert, and M.T. Nurmohamed Key findings towards optimising adalimumab treatment: the concentration-effect curve Ann Rheum Dis 74 2013 513 518
    • (2013) Ann Rheum Dis , vol.74 , pp. 513-518
    • Pouw, M.F.1    Krieckaert, C.L.2    Nurmohamed, M.T.3
  • 127
    • 84892737455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combination therapy with infliximab and azathioprine is superior to monotherapy with either agent in ulcerative colitis
    • R. Panaccione, S. Ghosh, and S. Middleton Combination therapy with infliximab and azathioprine is superior to monotherapy with either agent in ulcerative colitis Gastroenterology 146 2014 392 400.e3
    • (2014) Gastroenterology , vol.146 , pp. 392-400e3
    • Panaccione, R.1    Ghosh, S.2    Middleton, S.3
  • 128
    • 84928643022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of immunomodulators on the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of golimumab in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis: Results from phase 2/3 PURSUIT-SC induction and maintenance studies (abstr)
    • O. Adedokun, Z. Xu, and C. Marano Effects of immunomodulators on the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of golimumab in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis: Results from phase 2/3 PURSUIT-SC induction and maintenance studies (abstr) Am J Gastroenterol 108 2013 S517
    • (2013) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.108 , pp. S517
    • Adedokun, O.1    Xu, Z.2    Marano, C.3
  • 129
    • 67650462325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical trial: Benefits and risks of immunomodulators and maintenance infliximab for IBD-subgroup analyses across four randomized trials
    • G.R. Lichtenstein, R.H. Diamond, and C.L. Wagner Clinical trial: benefits and risks of immunomodulators and maintenance infliximab for IBD-subgroup analyses across four randomized trials Aliment Pharmacol Ther 30 2009 210 226
    • (2009) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.30 , pp. 210-226
    • Lichtenstein, G.R.1    Diamond, R.H.2    Wagner, C.L.3
  • 130
    • 77950988234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infliximab, azathioprine, or combination therapy for Crohn's disease
    • J.F. Colombel, W.J. Sandborn, and W. Reinisch Infliximab, azathioprine, or combination therapy for Crohn's disease N Engl J Med 362 2010 1383 1395
    • (2010) N Engl J Med , vol.362 , pp. 1383-1395
    • Colombel, J.F.1    Sandborn, W.J.2    Reinisch, W.3
  • 131
    • 84896488437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased risk of malignancy with adalimumab combination therapy, compared with monotherapy, for Crohn's disease
    • M.T. Osterman, W.J. Sandborn, and J.F. Colombel Increased risk of malignancy with adalimumab combination therapy, compared with monotherapy, for Crohn's disease Gastroenterology 146 2014 941 949
    • (2014) Gastroenterology , vol.146 , pp. 941-949
    • Osterman, M.T.1    Sandborn, W.J.2    Colombel, J.F.3
  • 132
    • 84890629055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subcutaneous golimumab maintains clinical response in patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis
    • e1
    • W.J. Sandborn, B.G. Feagan, and C. Marano Subcutaneous golimumab maintains clinical response in patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis Gastroenterology 146 2014 96 109 e1
    • (2014) Gastroenterology , vol.146 , pp. 96-109
    • Sandborn, W.J.1    Feagan, B.G.2    Marano, C.3
  • 133
    • 84855674281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term infliximab maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis: The ACT-1 and -2 extension studies
    • W. Reinisch, W.J. Sandborn, and P. Rutgeerts Long-term infliximab maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis: the ACT-1 and -2 extension studies Inflamm Bowel Dis 18 2012 201 211
    • (2012) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.18 , pp. 201-211
    • Reinisch, W.1    Sandborn, W.J.2    Rutgeerts, P.3
  • 134
    • 84872832486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • One-year maintenance outcomes among patients with moderately-to-severely active ulcerative colitis who responded to induction therapy with adalimumab: Subgroup analyses from ULTRA 2
    • W.J. Sandborn, J.F. Colombel, and G. D'Haens One-year maintenance outcomes among patients with moderately-to-severely active ulcerative colitis who responded to induction therapy with adalimumab: subgroup analyses from ULTRA 2 Aliment Pharmacol Ther 37 2013 204 213
    • (2013) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.37 , pp. 204-213
    • Sandborn, W.J.1    Colombel, J.F.2    D'Haens, G.3
  • 135
    • 84884575642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 52-week efficacy of adalimumab in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis who failed corticosteroids and/or immunosuppressants
    • W. Reinisch, W.J. Sandborn, and R. Panaccione 52-week efficacy of adalimumab in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis who failed corticosteroids and/or immunosuppressants Inflamm Bowel Dis 19 2013 1700 1709
    • (2013) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.19 , pp. 1700-1709
    • Reinisch, W.1    Sandborn, W.J.2    Panaccione, R.3
  • 136
    • 84893734901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic review with meta-analysis: Malignancies with anti-tumour necrosis factor-alpha therapy in inflammatory bowel disease
    • C.J. Williams, L. Peyrin-Biroulet, and A.C. Ford Systematic review with meta-analysis: malignancies with anti-tumour necrosis factor-alpha therapy in inflammatory bowel disease Aliment Pharmacol Ther 39 2014 447 458
    • (2014) Aliment Pharmacol Ther , vol.39 , pp. 447-458
    • Williams, C.J.1    Peyrin-Biroulet, L.2    Ford, A.C.3
  • 137
    • 84928641205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of adalimumab dose selection for adult ulcerative colitis using exposure-response analyses (abstr)
    • M. Bewernitz, C. Garnett, and K. Gottlieb Assessment of adalimumab dose selection for adult ulcerative colitis using exposure-response analyses (abstr) J Pharmacokinet Pharmacodyn 40 2013 S44 S45
    • (2013) J Pharmacokinet Pharmacodyn , vol.40 , pp. S44-S45
    • Bewernitz, M.1    Garnett, C.2    Gottlieb, K.3
  • 138
    • 84866466939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Infliximab concentration and clinical outcome in patients with ulcerative colitis (abstr)
    • W. Reinisch, B. Feagan, and P. Rutgeerts Infliximab concentration and clinical outcome in patients with ulcerative colitis (abstr) Gastroenterology 142 2012 S-114
    • (2012) Gastroenterology , vol.142 , pp. S-114
    • Reinisch, W.1    Feagan, B.2    Rutgeerts, P.3
  • 139
    • 84890219983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between pharmacokinetics of adalimumab and mucosal healing in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases
    • X. Roblin, H. Marotte, and M. Rinaudo Association between pharmacokinetics of adalimumab and mucosal healing in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 12 2014 80 84.e2
    • (2014) Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.12 , pp. 80-84e2
    • Roblin, X.1    Marotte, H.2    Rinaudo, M.3
  • 140
    • 84863988358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retrieval of serum infliximab level by shortening the maintenance infusion interval is correlated with clinical efficacy in Crohn's disease
    • T. Hibi, A. Sakuraba, and M. Watanabe Retrieval of serum infliximab level by shortening the maintenance infusion interval is correlated with clinical efficacy in Crohn's disease Inflamm Bowel Dis 18 2012 1480 1487
    • (2012) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.18 , pp. 1480-1487
    • Hibi, T.1    Sakuraba, A.2    Watanabe, M.3
  • 141
    • 84878945732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibody response to infliximab and its impact on pharmacokinetics can be transient
    • N. Vande Casteele, A. Gils, and S. Singh Antibody response to infliximab and its impact on pharmacokinetics can be transient Am J Gastroenterol 108 2013 962 971
    • (2013) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.108 , pp. 962-971
    • Vande Casteele, N.1    Gils, A.2    Singh, S.3
  • 142
    • 77951974444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical utility of measuring infliximab and human anti-chimeric antibody concentrations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
    • W. Afif, E.V. Loftus Jr., and W.A. Faubion Clinical utility of measuring infliximab and human anti-chimeric antibody concentrations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease Am J Gastroenterol 105 2010 1133 1139
    • (2010) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.105 , pp. 1133-1139
    • Afif, W.1    Loftus, Jr.E.V.2    Faubion, W.A.3
  • 143
    • 84905587709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of an algorithm incorporating pharmacokinetics of adalimumab in inflammatory bowel diseases
    • X. Roblin, M. Rinaudo, and E. Del Tedesco Development of an algorithm incorporating pharmacokinetics of adalimumab in inflammatory bowel diseases Am J Gastroenterol 109 2014 1250 1256
    • (2014) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.109 , pp. 1250-1256
    • Roblin, X.1    Rinaudo, M.2    Del Tedesco, E.3
  • 144
    • 84888322157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic drug monitoring of infliximab and mucosal healing in inflammatory bowel disease: A prospective study
    • S. Paul, E. Del Tedesco, and H. Marotte Therapeutic drug monitoring of infliximab and mucosal healing in inflammatory bowel disease: a prospective study Inflamm Bowel Dis 19 2013 2568 2576
    • (2013) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.19 , pp. 2568-2576
    • Paul, S.1    Del Tedesco, E.2    Marotte, H.3
  • 145
    • 84882769357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vedolizumab as induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis
    • B.G. Feagan, P. Rutgeerts, and B.E. Sands Vedolizumab as induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis N Engl J Med 369 2013 699 710
    • (2013) N Engl J Med , vol.369 , pp. 699-710
    • Feagan, B.G.1    Rutgeerts, P.2    Sands, B.E.3
  • 146
    • 84928639506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of vedolizumab in ulcerative colitis by prior treatment failure in GEMINI I, a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicenter trial (abstr P-29)
    • A. Parikh Efficacy of vedolizumab in ulcerative colitis by prior treatment failure in GEMINI I, a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicenter trial (abstr P-29) Inflamm Bowel Dis 18 2012 S26
    • (2012) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.18 , pp. S26
    • Parikh, A.1
  • 147
    • 84863984524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vedolizumab for the treatment of active ulcerative colitis: A randomized controlled phase 2 dose-ranging study
    • A. Parikh, T. Leach, and T. Wyant Vedolizumab for the treatment of active ulcerative colitis: a randomized controlled phase 2 dose-ranging study Inflamm Bowel Dis 18 2012 1470 1479
    • (2012) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.18 , pp. 1470-1479
    • Parikh, A.1    Leach, T.2    Wyant, T.3
  • 148
    • 84884538154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term clinical experience with vedolizumab in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
    • A. Parikh, I. Fox, and T. Leach Long-term clinical experience with vedolizumab in patients with inflammatory bowel disease Inflamm Bowel Dis 19 2013 1691 1699
    • (2013) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.19 , pp. 1691-1699
    • Parikh, A.1    Fox, I.2    Leach, T.3
  • 149
    • 78650367582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Emerging safety profile of vedolizumab: A novel, selective integrin inhibitor for the treatment of IBD (abstr P-0025)
    • B. Feagan, T. Leach, and C. Milch Emerging safety profile of vedolizumab: A novel, selective integrin inhibitor for the treatment of IBD (abstr P-0025) Inflamm Bowel Dis 15 suppl 2009 S12
    • (2009) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.15 , pp. S12
    • Feagan, B.1    Leach, T.2    Milch, C.3
  • 150
    • 84904747135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic relationship and immunogenicity of vedolizumab in adults with inflammatory bowel disease: Additional results from the GEMINI 1 and 2 studies (abstr DOP058)
    • M. Rosario, T. Wyant, and C. Milch Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic relationship and immunogenicity of vedolizumab in adults with inflammatory bowel disease: Additional results from the GEMINI 1 and 2 studies (abstr DOP058) J Crohns Colitis 8 2014 S42 S43
    • (2014) J Crohns Colitis , vol.8 , pp. S42-S43
    • Rosario, M.1    Wyant, T.2    Milch, C.3
  • 151
    • 84904264732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canadian Association of Gastroenterology position statement: Fecal microbiota transplant therapy
    • P. Moayyedi, J.K. Marshall, and Y. Yuan Canadian Association of Gastroenterology position statement: fecal microbiota transplant therapy Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 28 2014 66 68
    • (2014) Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.28 , pp. 66-68
    • Moayyedi, P.1    Marshall, J.K.2    Yuan, Y.3
  • 152
    • 84918498447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, placebo controlled trial of fecal microbiota therapy in active ulcerative colitis (abstr 929c)
    • P. Moayyedi, M. Surette, and M. Wolfe A randomized, placebo controlled trial of fecal microbiota therapy in active ulcerative colitis (abstr 929c) Gastroenterology 146 2014 S-159
    • (2014) Gastroenterology , vol.146 , pp. S-159
    • Moayyedi, P.1    Surette, M.2    Wolfe, M.3
  • 153
    • 84893687483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of probiotics on inducing remission and maintaining therapy in ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and pouchitis: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • J. Shen, Z.X. Zuo, and A.P. Mao Effect of probiotics on inducing remission and maintaining therapy in ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and pouchitis: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Inflamm Bowel Dis 20 2014 21 35
    • (2014) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.20 , pp. 21-35
    • Shen, J.1    Zuo, Z.X.2    Mao, A.P.3
  • 154
    • 84906283953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probiotic mix VSL#3 is effective adjunctive therapy for mild to moderately active ulcerative colitis: A meta-analysis
    • H.E. Mardini, and A.Y. Grigorian Probiotic mix VSL#3 is effective adjunctive therapy for mild to moderately active ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis Inflamm Bowel Dis 20 2014 1562 1567
    • (2014) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.20 , pp. 1562-1567
    • Mardini, H.E.1    Grigorian, A.Y.2
  • 155
    • 84927799957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ciprofloxacin and probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle add-on treatment in active ulcerative colitis: A double-blind randomized placebo controlled clinical trial
    • A.M. Petersen, H. Mirsepasi, and S.I. Halkjaer Ciprofloxacin and probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle add-on treatment in active ulcerative colitis: a double-blind randomized placebo controlled clinical trial J Crohns Colitis 8 2014 1498 1505
    • (2014) J Crohns Colitis , vol.8 , pp. 1498-1505
    • Petersen, A.M.1    Mirsepasi, H.2    Halkjaer, S.I.3
  • 156
    • 79951844315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and tolerability of nicotine preparations in active ulcerative colitis
    • S. Nikfar, S. Ehteshami-Ashar, and R. Rahimi Systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and tolerability of nicotine preparations in active ulcerative colitis Clin Ther 32 2010 2304 2315
    • (2010) Clin Ther , vol.32 , pp. 2304-2315
    • Nikfar, S.1    Ehteshami-Ashar, S.2    Rahimi, R.3
  • 157
    • 84859801314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of oral tacrolimus (FK506) in the management of hospitalized patients with steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis
    • H. Ogata, J. Kato, and F. Hirai Double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of oral tacrolimus (FK506) in the management of hospitalized patients with steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis Inflamm Bowel Dis 18 2012 803 808
    • (2012) Inflamm Bowel Dis , vol.18 , pp. 803-808
    • Ogata, H.1    Kato, J.2    Hirai, F.3
  • 158
    • 0028292007 scopus 로고
    • Cyclosporine in severe ulcerative colitis refractory to steroid therapy
    • S. Lichtiger, D.H. Present, and A. Kornbluth Cyclosporine in severe ulcerative colitis refractory to steroid therapy N Engl J Med 330 1994 1841 1845
    • (1994) N Engl J Med , vol.330 , pp. 1841-1845
    • Lichtiger, S.1    Present, D.H.2    Kornbluth, A.3
  • 159
    • 0035045816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous cyclosporine versus intravenous corticosteroids as single therapy for severe attacks of ulcerative colitis
    • G. D'Haens, L. Lemmens, and K. Geboes Intravenous cyclosporine versus intravenous corticosteroids as single therapy for severe attacks of ulcerative colitis Gastroenterology 120 2001 1323 1329
    • (2001) Gastroenterology , vol.120 , pp. 1323-1329
    • D'Haens, G.1    Lemmens, L.2    Geboes, K.3
  • 160
    • 38449107095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphatidylcholine for steroid-refractory chronic ulcerative colitis: A randomized trial
    • W. Stremmel, R. Ehehalt, and F. Autschbach Phosphatidylcholine for steroid-refractory chronic ulcerative colitis: a randomized trial Ann Intern Med 147 2007 603 610
    • (2007) Ann Intern Med , vol.147 , pp. 603-610
    • Stremmel, W.1    Ehehalt, R.2    Autschbach, F.3
  • 161
    • 84903897973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First multicenter study of modified release phosphatidylcholine "lT-02" in ulcerative colitis: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial in mesalazine-refractory courses
    • M. Karner, A. Kocjan, and J. Stein First multicenter study of modified release phosphatidylcholine "LT-02" in ulcerative colitis: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial in mesalazine-refractory courses Am J Gastroenterol 109 2014 1041 1051
    • (2014) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.109 , pp. 1041-1051
    • Karner, M.1    Kocjan, A.2    Stein, J.3
  • 162
    • 77951730355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delayed release phosphatidylcholine in chronic-active ulcerative colitis: A randomized, double-blinded, dose finding study
    • W. Stremmel, A. Braun, and A. Hanemann Delayed release phosphatidylcholine in chronic-active ulcerative colitis: a randomized, double-blinded, dose finding study J Clin Gastroenterol 44 2010 e101 e107
    • (2010) J Clin Gastroenterol , vol.44 , pp. e101-e107
    • Stremmel, W.1    Braun, A.2    Hanemann, A.3
  • 163
    • 17144402166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trichuris suis therapy for active ulcerative colitis: A randomized controlled trial
    • R.W. Summers, D.E. Elliott, and J.F. Urban Jr. Trichuris suis therapy for active ulcerative colitis: a randomized controlled trial Gastroenterology 128 2005 825 832
    • (2005) Gastroenterology , vol.128 , pp. 825-832
    • Summers, R.W.1    Elliott, D.E.2    Urban, Jr.J.F.3
  • 164
    • 84865013186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tofacitinib, an oral Janus kinase inhibitor, in active ulcerative colitis
    • W.J. Sandborn, S. Ghosh, and J. Panes Tofacitinib, an oral Janus kinase inhibitor, in active ulcerative colitis N Engl J Med 367 2012 616 624
    • (2012) N Engl J Med , vol.367 , pp. 616-624
    • Sandborn, W.J.1    Ghosh, S.2    Panes, J.3
  • 165
    • 84903845984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The IBD drug pipeline-ready to deliver?
    • P.D. Higgins The IBD drug pipeline-ready to deliver? Am J Gastroenterol 109 2014 1052 1054
    • (2014) Am J Gastroenterol , vol.109 , pp. 1052-1054
    • Higgins, P.D.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.