Neurochemistry of major depression: A study using magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Psychopharmacology

Volumn 232, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 501-507

  Godlewska, Beata R ^a   Near, Jamie ^a,b   Cowen, Philip J ^a  

^a WARNEFORD HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Depression; GABA; Glutamate; Glutathione; Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS); SSRIs

Indexed keywords

4 AMINOBUTYRIC ACID; CITALOPRAM; GLUTAMIC ACID; GLUTATHIONE; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR;

ADULT; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER, MAJOR; DRUG EFFECTS; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; METABOLISM; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ADULT; CITALOPRAM; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER, MAJOR; FEMALE; GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID; GLUTAMIC ACID; GLUTATHIONE; HUMANS; MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; MALE; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITORS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 84928297537     PISSN: 00333158     EISSN: 14322072     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00213-014-3687-y     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Bains JS, Shaw CA (1997) Neurodegenerative disorders in humans: the role of glutathione in oxidative stress-mediated neuronal death. Brain Res Rev 25:335-358
2. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J (1961) An inventory for measuring depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 4:561-571
3. Berk M, Ng F, Dean O, Dodd S, Bush AI (2008) Glutathione: a novel treatment target in psychiatry. Trends Pharmacol Sci 29:346-351
4. Bhagwagar Z, Wylezinska M, Jezzard P, Evans J, Ashworth F, Sule A, Matthews PM, Cowen PJ (2007) Reduction in occipital cortex gamma-aminobutyric acid concentrations in medication-free recovered unipolar depressed and bipolar subjects. Biol Psychiatry 61:806-812
5. de Diego-Adeliño J, Portella MJ, Gómez-Ansón B, López-Moruelo O, Serra-Blasco M, Vives Y, Puigdemont D, Pérez-Egea R, Álvarez E, Pérez V (2013) Hippocampal abnormalities of glutamate/glutamine, N-acetylaspartate and choline in patients with depression are related to past illness burden. J Psychiatry Neurosci 38:107-116
6. First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, Williams JB (1997) Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders: clinical version. American Psychiatric Association
7. Gawryluk JW, Wang JF, Andreazza AC, Shao L, Young LT (2011) Decreased levels of glutathione, the major brain antioxidant, in post-mortem prefrontal cortex from patients with psychiatric disorders. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 14:123-130
8. Godlewska BR, Yip SW, Near J, Goodwin GM, Cowen PJ (2014) Cortical glutathione levels in young people with bipolar disorder: a pilot study using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Psychopharmacology 231:327-332
9. Hamilton M (1960) A rating scale for depression. J Neurol Neurosurg 23:56-62
10. Hasler G, van der Veen JW, Tumonis T, Meyers N, Shen J, Drevets WC (2007) Reduced prefrontal glutamate/glutamine and γ-aminobutyric acid levels in major depression determined using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Arch Gen Psychiatry 64:193-200
11. Kupfer D, Frank E, Phillips ML (2012) Major depressive disorder: new clinical, neurobiological, and treatment perspectives. Lancet 379:1045-1055
12. Lagopoulos J, Hermens DF, Tobias-Webb J, Duffy S, Naismith SL, White D, Scott E, Hickie IB (2013) In vivo glutathione levels in young persons with bipolar disorder: a magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. J Psychiatr Res 47:412-417. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.12.006
13. Maes M, Mihaylova I, Kubera M, Uytterhoeven M, Vrydags N, Bosmans E (2011) Lower whole blood glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity in depression, but not in myalgic encephalomyelitis / chronic fatigue syndrome: another pathway that may be associated with coronary artery disease and neuroprogression in depression. Neuroendocrinol Lett 32:133-140
14. Mannie ZN, Filippini N, Williams C, Near J, Mackay CE, Cowen PJ (2014) Structural and functional imaging of the hippocampus in young people at familial risk of depression. Psychol Med in press
15. Mekle R, Mlynárik V, Gambarota G, Hergt M, Krueger G, Gruetter R (2009) MR spectroscopy of the human brain with enhanced signal intensity at ultrashort echo times on a clinical platform at 3T and 7T. Magn Reson Med 61:1279-1285. doi: 10.1002/mrm.21961
16. Murrough JW, Mao X, Collins KA, Kelly C, Andrade G, Nestadt P, Levine SM, Mathew SJ, Shungu DC (2010) Increased ventricular lactate in chronic fatigue syndrome measured by 1H MRS imaging at 3.0T. II: comparison with major depressive disorder. NMR Biomed 23:643-650
17. Near J, Andersson J, Maron E, Mekle R, Gruetter R, Cowen P, Jezzard P (2013) Unedited in vivo detection and quantification of γ-aminobutyric acid in the occipital cortex using short-TE MRS at 3T. NMR Biomed 26:1353-1362
18. Öngür D, Prescot AP, Jensen JE, Cohen BM, Renshaw PF (2009) Creatine abnormalities in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 172:44-48
19. Portella M, de Diego-Adeliño J, Gómez-Ansón, Morgan-Ferrando R, Vives Y, Puigdemont D, Pérez-Egea R, Ruscalleda J, Álvarez E, Pérez V (2011) Ventromedial prefrontal spectroscopic abnormalities over the course of depression: a comparison among first episode, remitted recurrent and chronic patients. J Psychiatr Res 45:427-434
20. Price RB, Shungu DC, Mao X, Nestadt P, Kelly C, Collins KA, Murrough JW, Charney DS, Mathew SJ (2009) Amino acid neurotransmitters assessed by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy: relationship to treatment resistance in major depressive disorder. Biol Psychiatry 65:792-800
21. Provencher SW (1993) Estimation of metabolite concentrations from localized in vivo proton NMR spectra. Magn Res Med 30:672-679
22. Sanacora G (2010) Cortical inhibition, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and major depression: there is plenty of smoke but is there fire? Biol Psychiatry 67:397-398
23. Sanacora G, Mason GF, Rothman DL, Behar KL, Hyder F, Petroff OA, Berman RM, Charney DS, Krystal JH (1999) Reduced cortical γ-aminobutyric acid levels in depressed patients determined by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Arch Gen Psychiatry 56:1043-1047
24. Sanacora G, Mason GF, Rothman DL, Krystal JH (2002) Increased occipital cortex GABA concentrations in depressed patients after therapy with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Am J Psychiatry 159:663-665
25. Sanacora G, Mason GF, Rothman DL, Hyder F, Ciarcia JJ, Ostroff RB, Berman RM, Krystal JH (2003) Increased cortical GABA concentrations in depressed patients receiving ECT. Am J Psychiatry 160:577-579
26. Sanacora G, Gueorguieva R, Epperson CN, Wu YT, Appel M, Rothman DL, Krystal JH, Mason GF (2004) Subtype-specific alterations of gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamate in patients with major depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 61:705-713
27. Sanacora G, Zarate CA, Krystal JH, Manji HK (2008) Targeting the glutamatergic system to develop novel, improved therapeutics for mood disorders. Nat Rev 7:426-437
28. Shungu DC, Weiduschat N, Murrough JW, Mao X, Pillemer S, Dyke JP, Medow MS, Natelson BH, Stewart JM, Mathew SJ (2012) Increased ventricular lactate in chronic fatigue syndrome. III. Relationships to cortical glutathione and clinical symptoms implicate oxidative stress in disorder pathophysiology. NMR Biomed 25:1073-1087
29. Spielberger CD, Gorssuch RL, Lushene PR, Vagg PR, Jacobs GA (1993) Manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory. Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto
30. Taylor MJ, Bhagwagar Z, Cowen PJ, Sharp T (2003) GABA and mood disorders. Psychol Med 33:387-393
31. Taylor MJ, Norbury R, Murphy S, Rudebeck S, Jezzard P, Cowen PJ (2010) Lack of effect of citalopram on magnetic resonance spectroscopy measures of glutamate and glutamine in frontal cortex of healthy volunteers. J Psychopharmacol 24:1217-1221
32. Taylor MJ, Mannie ZN, Norbury R, Near J, Cowen PJ (2011) Elevated cortical glutamate in young people at increased familial risk of depression. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 14:255-259
33. Taylor MJ, Godlewska BR, Norbury R, Selvaraj S, Near J, Cowen PJ (2012) Early increase in marker of neuronal integrity with antidepressant treatment of major depression: 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy of N-acetyl-aspartate. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 15:1541-1546
34. Walter M, Henning A, Grimm S, Schulte RF, Beck J, Dydak U, Schnepf B, Boeker H, Boesiger P, Northoff G (2009) The relationship between aberrant neuronal activation in the pregenual anterior cingulate, altered glutamatergic metabolism, and anhedonia in major depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 66:478-486
35. Yüksel C, Öngür D (2010) Magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies of glutamate-related abnormalities in mood disorders. Biol Psychiatry 68:785-794. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.06.016