Carrier dynamics in Landau-quantized graphene featuring strong Auger scattering

Nature Physics

Volumn 11, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 75-81

  Mittendorff, Martin ^a,b,i   Wendler, Florian ^c   Malic, Ermin ^c   Knorr, Andreas ^c   Orlita, Milan ^d,e   Potemski, Marek ^d   Berger, Claire ^f,g   De Heer, Walter A ^f,h   Schneider, Harald ^a   Helm, Manfred ^a,b   Winnerl, Stephan ^a  

^a INSTITUTE OF ION BEAM PHYSICS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH   (Germany)

^b DRESDEN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Germany)

^c TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITÄT BERLIN   (Germany)

^d GRENOBLE HIGH MAGNETIC FIELD LABORATORY   (France)

^e CHARLES UNIVERSITY   (Czech Republic)

^f GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^g LABORATOIRE DE CRISTALLOGRAPHIE   (France)

^h KING ABDULAZIZ UNIVERSITY   (Saudi Arabia)

ⁱ UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AUGERS; ELECTRON GAS; ELECTRON-ELECTRON INTERACTIONS; TWO DIMENSIONAL ELECTRON GAS;

CARRIER DYNAMICS; CIRCULARLY POLARIZED; HARMONIC SPECTRUM; INDIVIDUAL LEVELS; MICROSCOPIC THEORY; OPTICALLY PUMPED; PUMP-PROBE SIGNALS; TIME RESOLVED EXPERIMENTS;

GRAPHENE;

EID: 84927131614     PISSN: 17452473     EISSN: 17452481     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nphys3164     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Drexler, C. et al. Magnetic quantum ratchet effect in graphene. Nature Nanotech. 8, 104-107 (2013).
2. Ponomarenko, L. A. et al. Cloning of Dirac fermions in graphene superlattices. Nature 497, 594-597 (2013).
3. Dean, C. R. et al. Hofstadter's butterfly and the fractal quantum Hall effect in moire superlattices. Nature 497, 598-602 (2013).
4. Hunt, B. et al. Massive Dirac fermions and Hofstadter butterfly in a van der Waals heterostructure. Science 340, 1427-1430 (2013).
5. Bolotin, K. I., Ghahari, F., Shulman, M. D., Stormer, H. L. & Kim, P. Observation of the fractional quantum Hall effect in graphene. Nature 462, 196-199 (2009).
6. Du, X., Skachko, I., Duerr, F., Luican, A. & Andrei, E. Y. Fractional quantum Hall effect and insulating phase of Dirac electrons in graphene. Nature 462, 192-195 (2009).
7. Novoselov, K. S. et al. Two-dimensional gas of massless Dirac fermions in graphene. Nature 438, 197-200 (2005).
8. Zhang, Y., Tan, J. W., Stormer, H. L. & Kim, P. Experimental observation of the quantum Hall effect and Berry's phase in graphene. Nature 438, 201-204 (2005).
9. Sadowski, M. L., Martinez, G., Potemski, M., Berger, C. & deHeer, W. A. Landau level spectroscopy of ultrathin graphene layers. Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 266405 (2006).
10. Plochocka, P. et al. High energy limit of massless Dirac fermions in multilayer graphene using magneto-optical transmission spectroscopy. Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 087401 (2008).
11. Orlita, M. et al. Approaching the Dirac point in high-mobility multilayer epitaxial graphene. Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 267601 (2008).
12. Neugebauer, P., Orlita, M., Faugeras, C., Barra, A-L. & Potemski, M. How perfect can graphene be? Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 136403 (2009).
13. Crassee, I. et al. Giant Faraday rotation in single-and multilayer graphene. Nature Phys. 7, 48-51 (2011).
14. Kawano, Y. Wide-band frequency tunable terahertz and infrared detection with graphene. Nanotechnology 24, 21404 (2013).
15. Dawlaty, J. M., Shivaraman, S., Chandrashekhar, M., Rana, F. & Spencer, M. G. Measurement of ultrafast carrier dynamics in epitaxial graphene. Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 042116 (2008).
16. Sun, D. et al. Ultrafast relaxation of excited Dirac fermions in epitaxial graphene using optical differential transmission spectroscopy. Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 157402 (2008).
17. Breusing, M. et al. Ultrafast nonequilibrium carrier dynamics in a single graphene layer. Phys. Rev. B 83, 153410 (2011).
18. Winnerl, S. et al. Carrier relaxation in epitaxial graphene photoexcited near the Dirac point. Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 237401 (2011).
19. Brida, D. et al. Ultrafast collinear scattering and carrier multiplication in graphene. Nature Commun. 4, 1987 (2013).
20. Tielrooij, K. J. et al. Photoexcitation cascade and multiple hot-carrier generation in graphene. Nature Phys. 9, 248-252 (2013).
21. Plochocka, P. et al. Slowing hot-carrier relaxation in graphene using a magnetic field. Phys. Rev. B 80, 245415 (2009).
22. Foster, M. S. & Aleiner, I. L. Slow imbalance relaxation and thermoelectric transport in graphene. Quasiclassical cyclotron resonance of Dirac fermions in highly doped graphene. Phys. Rev. B 79, 085415 (2010).
23. Otsuji, T. et al. Graphene-based devices in terahertz science and technology. J. Phys. D 45, 303001 (2012).
24. Rana, F. Electron-hole generation and recombination rates for Coulomb scattering in graphene. Phys. Rev. B 76, 155431 (2007).
25. Winzer, T., Knorr, A. & Malic, E. Carrier multiplication in graphene. Nano Lett. 10, 4839-4843 (2010).
26. Winzer, T. & Malic, E. Impact of Auger processes on carrier dynamics in graphene. Phys. Rev. B 85, 241404 (2012).
27. Gierz, I. et al. Snapshots of non-equilibrium Dirac carrier distributions in graphene. Nature Mater. 12, 1119-1124 (2013).
28. Johannsen, J. C. et al. Direct view of hot carrier dynamics in graphene. Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 027403 (2013).
29. Berger, C. et al. Electronic confinement and coherence in patterned epitaxial graphene. Science 312, 1191-1196 (2006).
30. Ferrari, A. C. et al. Raman spectrum of graphene and graphene layers. Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 187401 (2006).
31. Sun, D. et al. Spectroscopic measurement of interlayer screening in multilayer epitaxial graphene. Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 136802 (2010).
32. Winnerl, S. et al. Time-resolved spectroscopy on epitaxial graphene in the infrared spectral range: Relaxation dynamics and saturation behaviour. J. Phys. Condens. Matter 25, 054202 (2013).
33. Witowski, A. M. et al. Quasiclassical cyclotron resonance of Dirac fermions in highly doped graphene. Phys. Rev. B 82, 165305 (2010).
34. Orlita, M. et al. Classical to quantum crossover of the cyclotron resonance in graphene: A study of the strength of intraband absorption. New J. Phys. 14, 095008 (2012).
35. Wang, Z-W. et al. The temperature dependence of optical phonon scattering in graphene under strong magnetic field. J. Phys. Soc. Jpn 82, 094606 (2013).
36. Wendler, F., Knorr, A. & Malic, E. Resonant carrier-phonon scattering in graphene under Landau quantization. Appl. Phys. Lett. 103, 253117 (2013).
37. Goerbig, M. O. Electronic properties of graphene in a strong magnetic field. Rev. Mod. Phys. 83, 1193-1243 (2011).
38. Haug, H. & Koch, S. W. Quantum Theory of the Optical and Electronic Properties of Semiconductors (World Scientific, 2009).
39. Malic, E. & Knorr, A. Graphene and Carbon Nanotubes-Ultrafast Relaxation Dynamics and Optics (Wiley-VCH, 2013).
40. Malic, E., Winzer, T., Bobkin, E. & Knorr, A. Microscopic theory of absorption and ultrafast many-particle kinetics in graphene. Phys. Rev. B 84, 205406 (2011).
41. Graham, M. W., Shi, S. F., Ralph, D. C., Park, J. & McEuen, P. L. Photocurrent measurements of supercollision cooling in graphene. Nature Phys. 9, 103-108 (2013).
42. Betz, A. C. et al. Supercollision cooling in undoped graphene. Nature Phys. 9, 109-112 (2013).
43. Roldán, R., Goerbig, M. O. & Fuchs, J-N. The magnetic field particle-hole excitation spectrum in doped graphene and in a standard two-dimensional electron gas. Semicond. Sci. Technol. 25, 034005 (2010).
44. Ando, T. & Uemura, Y. Theory of quantum transport in a two-dimensional electron system under magnetic fields. I. Characteristics of level broadening and transport under strong fields. J. Phys. Soc. Jpn 36, 959-967 (1974).
45. Sprinkle, M. et al. First direct observation of a nearly ideal graphene band structure. Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 226803 (2009).