Two-dimensional gas of massless Dirac fermions in graphene

Nature

Volumn 438, Issue 7065, 2005, Pages 197-200

  Novoselov, K S ^a   Geim, A K ^a   Morozov, S V ^b   Jiang, D ^a   Katsnelson, M I ^c   Grigorieva, I V ^a   Dubonos, S V ^b   Firsov, A A ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

^b INSTITUTE OF MICROELECTRONICS TECHNOLOGY AND HIGH PURITY MATERIALS   (Russian Federation)

^c RADBOUD UNIVERSITY NIJMEGEN   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ELECTRIC CONDUCTANCE; ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY; ELECTRODYNAMICS; HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS; QUANTUM ELECTRONICS; QUANTUM THEORY;

COSMOLOGY; QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS; TWO-DIMENSIONAL SYSTEM;

FERMIONS;

CARBON;

PHYSICS;

ARTICLE; CONDUCTANCE; ELECTRON TRANSPORT; FERMION; GAS ANALYSIS; MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS; MOLECULAR MECHANICS; MOLECULAR WEIGHT; PARTICLE SIZE; PHYSICS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUANTUM MECHANICS;

EID: 27744534165     PISSN: 00280836     EISSN: 14764679     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nature04233     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Rose, M. E. Relativistic Electron Theory (Wiley, New York, 1961).
2. Berestetskii, V. B., Lifshitz, E. M. & Pitaevskii, L. P. Relativistic Quantum Theory (Pergamon, Oxford, 1971).
3. Lai, D. Matter in strong magnetic fields. Rev. Mod. Phys. 73, 629-662 (2001).
4. Fradkin, E. Field Theories of Condensed Matter Systems (Westview, Oxford, 1997).
5. Volovik, G. E. The Universe in a Helium Droplet (Clarendon, Oxford, 2003).
6. Novoselov, K. S. et al. Two dimensional atomic crystals. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 102, 10451-10453 (2005).
7. Novoselov, K. S. et al. Electric field effect in atomically thin carbon films. Science 306, 666-669 (2004).
8. Zhang, Y., Small, J. P., Amori, M. E. S. & Kim, P. Electric field modulation of galvanomagnetic properties of mesoscopic graphite. Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 176803 (2005).
9. Berger, C. et al. Ultrathin epitaxial graphite: 2D electron gas properties and a route toward graphene-based nanoelectronics. J. Phys. Chem. B 108, 19912-19916 (2004).
10. Bunch, J. S., Yaish, Y., Brink, M., Bolotin, K. & McEuen, P. L. Coulomb oscillations and Hall effect in quasi-2D graphite quantum dots. Nano Lett. 5, 287-290 (2005).
11. Dresselhaus, M. S. & Dresselhaus, G. Intercalation compounds of graphite. Adv. In Phys. 51, 1-186 (2002).
12. Brandt, N. B., Chudinov, S. M. & Ponomarev, Y. G. Semimetals 1: Graphite and Its Compounds (North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1988).
13. Vonsovsky, S. V. & Katsnelson, M. I. Quantum Solid State Physics (Springer, New York, 1989).
14. Gusynin, V. P. & Sharapov, S. G. Magnetic oscillations in planar systems with the Dirac-like spectrum of quasiparticle excitations. Phys. Rev. B 71, 125124 (2005).
15. Gusynin, V. P. & Sharapov, S. G. Unconventional integer quantum Hall effect in grapheme. Preprint at 〈http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/cond-mat/ 0506575〉 (2005).
16. Peres, N. M. R., Guinea, F. & Castro Neto, A. H. Electronic properties of two-dimensional carbon. Preprint at 〈http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/ cond-mat/0506709〉 (2005).
17. Zheng, Y. & Ando, T. Hall conductivity of a two-dimensional graphite system. Phys. Rev. B 65, 245420 (2002).
18. Kaku, M. Introduction to Superstrings (Springer, New York, 1988).
19. Nakahara, M. Geometry, Topology and Physics (IOP, Bristol, 1990).
20. Mikitik, G. P. & Sharlai, Yu. V. Manifestation of Berry's phase in metal physics. Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 2147-2150 (1999).
21. Luk'yanchuk, I. A. & Kopelevich, Y. Phase analysis of quantum oscillations in graphite. Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 166402 (2004).
22. Abrahams, E., Anderson, P. W., Licciardello, D. C. & Ramakrishnan, T. V. Scaling theory of localization: Absence of quantum diffusion in two dimensions. Phys. Rev. Lett. 42, 673-676 (1979).
23. Fradkin, E. Critical behaviour of disordered degenerate semiconductors. Phys. Rev. B 33, 3263-3268 (1986).
24. Lee, P. A. Localized states in a d-wave superconductor. Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 1887-1890 (1993).
25. Ziegler, K. Delocalization of 2D Dirac fermions: The role of a broken symmetry. Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 3113-3116 (1998).
26. Mott, N. F. & Davis, E. A. Electron Processes in Non-Crystalline Materials (Clarendon, Oxford, 1979).
27. Morita, Y. & Hatsugai, Y. Near critical states of random Dirac fermions. Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 3728-3731 (1997).
28. Nersesyan, A. A., Tsvelik, A. M. & Wenger, F. Disorder effects in two-dimensional d-wave superconductors. Phys. Rev. Lett. 72, 2628-2631 (1997).