The parasites: Synchrotron radiation at SLAC, 1972-1992

Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences

Volumn 45, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 217-272

  Hallonsten, Olof ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WUPPERTAL   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84926487967     PISSN: 19391811     EISSN: 1939182X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1525/hsns.2015.45.2.217     Document Type: Review

References (206)

1. Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, "About the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource", www-ssrl.slac.stanford.edu/content/about-ssrl/about-stanford-synchrotronradiation-lightsource (accessed 27 May 2014).
2. Olof Hallonsten and Thomas Heinze, "Institutional Persistence through Gradual Adaptation: Analysis of National Laboratories in the USA and Germany", SPP 39, no. 4(2012):450-63;
3. Daniel Kevles, "Big Science and Big Politics in the United States: Reflections on the Death of the SSC and the Life of the Human Genome Project", HSPS 27, no. 2(1997):269-97;
4. Hallam Stevens, "Fundamental Physics and Its Justifications, 1945-1993", HSPS 34, no. 1(2003):151-97;
5. Ann Johnson, "The End of Pure Science: Science Policy from Bayh-Dole to the NNI", in Discovering the Nanoscale, ed. Davis Baird, Alfred Nordmann, and Joachim Schummer (Amsterdam: IOS Press, 2004), 217-30;
6. Michael Riordan, "The Demise of the Superconducting Super Collider", PiP 2(2000):411-25;
7. Catherine Westfall, "Surviving the Squeeze: National Laboratories in the 1970s and 1980s", HSNS 38, no. 4(2008):475-78.
8. see Robert Crease, "Quenched! The ISABELLE Saga, II", PiP 7(2005):404-52;
9. Riordan, "Demise" (ref. 5);
10. Westfall, "Surviving" (ref. 5). On the growing interest in materials and life sciences
11. see Harold Varmus, The Art and Politics of Science (New York: W. W. Norton, 2009), 144-45;
12. W. Patrick McCray, "Will Small be Beautiful? Making Policies for Our Nanotech Future", History and Technology 21(2005):177-203.
13. see Lilian Hoddeson, Adrienne Kolb, and Catherine Westfall, Fermilab: Physics, the Frontier & Megascience (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2008).
14. On the threats to survival in the national laboratories system, see Westfall, "Surviving" (ref. 5);
15. Jack Holl, Argonne National Laboratory 1946-96 (Chicago, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1997), 377-429.
16. Hallonsten and Heinze, "Institutional Persistence" (ref. 5);
17. Catherine Westfall, "Institutional Persistence and the Material Transformation of the U. S. National Labs: The Curious Story of the Advent of the Advanced Photon Source", SPP 39, no. 4(2012):439-49.
18. Olof Hallonsten and Thomas Heinze, "From Particle Physics to Photon Science: Multidimensional and Multilevel Renewal at DESY and SLAC", SPP 40(2013):591-603.
19. Neil Calder, "Spectrum of Discovery", Symmetry 2, no. 5(2005):10-15.
20. Park Doing, Velvet Revolution at the Synchrotron: Biology, Physics, and Change in Science (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2009).
21. Olof Hallonsten, "Small Science on Big Machines: Politics and Practices of Synchrotron Radiation Laboratories" (PhD dissertation, Lund University, 2009).
22. Wolfgang Panofsky, Panofsky on Physics, Politics, and Peace: Pief Remembers (Dordrecht: Springer, 2007), 17-59;
23. Michael Riordan, The Hunting of the Quark: A True Story of Modern Physics (New York: Touchstone Books, 1997).
24. Andrew Sessler and Edmund Wilson, Engines of Discovery: A Century of Particle Accelerators (Hackensack, NJ: World Scientific, 2007), 36.
25. Douglas Dupen, The Story of Stanford's Two-Mile-Long Accelerator (Stanford, CA: Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, 1966), 39, 46-48;
26. Peter Galison, Bruce Hevly, and Rebecca Lowen, "Controlling the Monster: Stanford and the Growth of Physics Research, 1935-1962", in Big Science: The Growth of Large-Scale Research, ed. Peter Galison and Bruce Hevly (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1992), 63. The HEPL changed its name in 1990 to Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, with the acronym unchanged.
27. Peter Westwick, The National Laboratories: Science in an American System 1947-1974 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2003), 183.
28. Galison et al., "Controlling the Monster" (ref. 15), 65.
29. Dupen, Story (ref. 15), 52;
30. quote from Galison et al., "Controlling the Monster" (ref. 15), 65.
31. Wolfgang Panofsky, "SLAC and Big Science: Stanford University", in Galison and Hevly, Big Science (ref. 15), 131-32;
32. Dupen, Story (ref. 15), 56.
33. Rebecca Lowen, Creating the Cold War University: The Transformation of Stanford (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997), 179.
34. Riordan, Hunting (ref. 13), 125.
35. Panofsky, "SLAC and Big Science" (ref. 19), 132.
36. Ibid.; Dupen, Story (ref. 15), 57, 58, 114.
37. Riordan, Hunting (ref. 13), 135.
38. Panofsky, Panofsky (ref. 13), 126.
39. Riordan, Hunting (ref. 13), 246.
40. Elizabeth Paris, "Lords of the Ring: The Fight to Build the First U. S. Electron-Positron Collider", HSPS 31(2001):355-80, on 359.
41. Panofsky, Panofsky (ref. 13), 56-58.
42. Riordan, Hunting (ref. 13), 247-48.
43. Paris, "Lords of the Ring" (ref. 27), 371-80.
44. Riordan, Hunting (ref. 13), 245;
45. Panofsky, Panofsky (ref. 13), 120.
46. Paris, "Lords of the Ring" (ref. 27), 356.
47. David Lynch, "Tantalus, a 240 MeV Dedicated Source of Synchrotron Radiation, 1968-1986", Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 4(1997):334-43, on 334-35.
48. Quote from Professor William Spicer's letter to SLAC director Panofsky, dated 18 Jun. 1968 and reprinted in Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Celebrating Forty Years: A Photo History (Menlo Park, CA: Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, 2002), 24.
49. "Brief Chronological History of the Conception, Design, Construction and Initial Operation of SSRP", SSRP Activity Report May 1973-Dec. 1974.
50. Burton Richter, interview by author, Menlo Park, CA, 9 Nov. 2007.
51. Burton Richter, "Discussion with Professor William Spicer on a Synchrotron Light Facility Associated with SPEAR", Jun. 1970, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 1, Folder 1.
52. "Brief Chronological History" (ref. 35).
53. Sebastian Doniach, "Short History and Current Status of the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Project", 19 Jan 1973, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 1, Folder 2.
54. Doniach, "Short History" (ref. 39).
55. Ibid.; "Brief Chronological History" (ref. 35).
56. Sebastian Doniach and William Spicer, "Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Project: A Proposal to the National Science Foundation to Set Up a Facility to Utilize Synchrotron Radiation from the SLAC Storage Ring for Experiments in Physics, Chemistry, Science of Materials and Medicine: Two Years for the Period from 1 April 1972-31 March 1974 in the Total Amount of $538, 102", Nov. 1971, SLAC Archives, 1999-002 series, Box 2/3, Folder 51.
57. Doniach and Spicer, "Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Project" (ref. 42).
58. Sebastian Doniach, "Note to Members of the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Project, on the Status of Our Proposal with the NSF", 2 May 1972, SLAC Archives, Panofsky series IV, sub A, Box 5, Folder 6.
59. Paris, "Lords of the Ring" (ref. 27), 358-71.
60. Wolfgang Panofsky to Howard Etzel, 17 Feb. 1972, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 1, Folder 1.
61. Doniach, "Note to Members" (ref. 44).
62. Doniach, "Short History", (ref. 39).
63. Sebastian Doniach et al., "Proposal to SLAC Lab-operations Committee to Conduct Preliminary Experiments on the SPEAR Synchrotron Radiation Port for the Period July 1, 1972-December 31, 1972", n. d., SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 1, Folder 1.
64. Doniach, "Short History" (ref. 39);
65. Richter, interview (ref. 36).
66. Doniach, "Short History" (ref. 39).
67. Panofsky to Etzel, 17 Feb. 1972, SLAC (ref. 46).
68. Gerry Fischer, "Study of a Possible Construction Program of a National Synchrotron Radiation Facility at the SLAC Electron-Positron Storage Ring (SPEAR)", Dec. 1972, SLAC Archives, 1999-002 series, Box 2, Folder 51.
69. John D. Baldeschwieler, chairman of the SSRP science policy advisory board, to Richard W Lyman, Stanford president, 22 Mar. 1973, SLAC Archives 1999-002 series, Box 3, Folder 68.
70. "Outside Users at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Project: A Statement of Intention about General Policy", n. d., SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 1, Folder 2.
71. "Brief Chronological History" (ref. 35).
72. Sebastian Doniach and Bill Spicer, "Memo to Members and Friends of the SSRP", 15 Mar. 1973, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 1, Folder 2.
73. Lynch, "Tantalus" (ref. 33), 336.
74. "Research Proposal Submitted to the National Science Foundation by the Executive Committee of the Cambridge Electron Accelerator, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138, for the Establishment of the Cambridge Electron Accelerator as a National Facility Dedicated to the Use of Synchrotron Radiation for Research in Physics, Chemistry and Biology", dated 1972, received through personal communication from Herman Winick; "Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Project: A Proposal to the National Science Foundation to Set Up a Facility to Utilize Synchrotron Radiation from the SLAC Storage Ring for Experiments in Physics, Chemistry, Science of Materials and Medicine: Two Years for the Period from 1 April 1972-31 March 1974 in the Total Amount of $538, 102", Nov. 1971, SLAC Archives, 1999-002 series, Box 2/3, Folder 51;
75. Doniach and Spicer, "Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Project" (ref. 42);
76. Sebastian Doniach et al., "Early Work with Synchrotron Radiation at Stanford", Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 4(1997):380-95, on 380.
77. Sebastian Doniach, interview by author, Stanford, CA, 19 Oct. 2007.
78. Doniach and Spicer, "Memo" (ref. 57).
79. Lynch, "Tantalus" (ref. 33), 336.
80. "Amendment to the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Project Proposal (Original Proposal Submitted December 1971) to the National Science Foundation for the Period 1 June 1973 through 31 May 1975", April 1973, SLAC Archives 1999-002 series, Box 2/3, Folder 49.
81. "Brief Chronological History" (ref. 35).
82. Herman Winick, "SSRL at 20 Years-Some Personal Remembrances of the Early Days", in Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Users Newsletter, Oct. 1993, SLAC Archives, 2007-033 series, Box 1/3, Folder 27.
83. "Statement of Operating Policies and Procedures for Operation of the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Project Facility at SLAC", 6 Jun. 1973, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 1, Folder 2.
84. "Brief Chronological History" (ref. 35).
85. Herman Winick, interview by author, Menlo Park, CA, 10 Oct. 2007.
86. Ingolf Lindau et al., "X-ray Photoemission Spectroscopy", Nature 250(1974):214-15.
87. Arthur Robinson, "Synchrotron Radiation (1): A Light for All Seasons", Science 190, no. 4219(1975):1074-76, on 1074.
88. Katherine Cantwell, "20 Years of SSRL: A Semi-Personal View", Synchrotron Radiation News 7, no. 2(1994):5-6, on 5.
89. Farrel Lytle, "The Future of XAS from a Perspective of Fifty Years", Synchrotron Radiation News 20, no. 1(2007):9-10, on 9.
90. Herman Winick, interview by author, Menlo Park, CA, 3 Oct. 2007.
91. James Phillips et al., "Applications of Synchrotron Radiation to Protein Crystallography: Preliminary Results", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 73, no. 1(1976):128-32, on 128.
92. SSRL Activity Report 1983.
93. "Proposal for Second Beam Line Installation and Facility Improvement (Phase I) at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Project", SLAC Archives, 2009-049 series, Box 5, Folder 1.
94. Riordan, Hunting (ref. 13), 268-92;
95. Peter Galison, Image and Logic: A Material Culture of Microphysics (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1997), 538.
96. SSRL Users Newsletter, Oct. 1993, SLAC Archives, 2007-033 Series, Box 1/3, Folder 27.
97. Katherine Cantwell, "The Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory: 20 Years of Synchrotron Light", SLAC-PUB-6346 SLAC/SSRL 0056, Aug. 1993;
98. Cantwell, "20 Years of SSRL" (ref. 72), 44.
99. Doniach et al., "Early Work" (ref. 59), 382.
100. Winick, "SSRL at 20 Years" (ref. 65).
101. Arthur Bienenstock and Herman Winick, "Dealing with the X-Day Drought", Activity Report, 1 Jul. 1977-31 Mar. 1978.
102. Winick, "SSRL at 20 Years" (ref. 65).
103. "Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Project Organization Study", Mar. 1977, SLAC Archives 2009-049 series, Box 3, Folder 4.
104. Bienenstock and Winick, "Dealing" (ref. 83).
105. Doniach et al., "Early Work" (ref. 59), 380;
106. Doniach, interview (ref. 60).
107. Arthur Bienenstock, interview by author and Thomas Heinze, Stanford, CA, 21 Mar. 2013;
108. Ingolf Lindau, interview by author and Thomas Heinze, Menlo Park, CA, 25 Mar. 2013.
109. Winick, "SSRL at 20 Years" (ref. 65).
110. "Organization Study" (ref. 85).
111. Sebastian Doniach, William Spicer, and Herman Winick, "Proposal for Second Beam Line Installation and Facility Improvement (Phase I) at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Project", n. d., SLAC Archives, 2009-049 series, Box 5, Folder 1.
112. Winick, "SSRL at 20 Years" (ref. 65);
113. Doniach et al., "Early Work" (ref. 59), 381.
114. Sebastian Doniach and Herman Winick, "Proposal to the National Science Foundation for Developmental Funds for the 1976-77 Year at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Project", Dec. 1976, SLAC Archives 2009-049 series, Box 4, Folder 55.
115. SSRL Activity Report, 1 Apr-31 Dec. 1976.
116. Panofsky is quoted in Winick, "SSRL at 20 Years" (ref. 65).
117. Sebastian Doniach et al., "Renewal Proposal to the National Science Foundation for Operating and Research Costs for the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Project, Period: 1 November 1976-October 31, 1977, Amount Requested: $937, 724", May 1976, SLAC Archives, 2009-049 series, Box 5, Folder 8.
118. Robert Crease, "The National Synchrotron Light Source, Part I: Bright Idea", PiP 10(2008):438-67;
119. Robert Crease, "The National Synchrotron Light Source, Part II: The Bakeout", PiP 11(2009):15-45.
120. Winick, "SSRL at 20 Years" (ref. 65).
121. "Organization Study" (ref. 85).
122. Ibid.; SSRL Users Newsletter, Oct. 1993 (ref. 79).
123. "Memorandum of Understanding Concerning Operation of the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (SSRL) at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC)", 1 Oct. 1977, SLAC Archives, Panofsky series IV, subseries F, Box 50, Folder 2.
124. Fischer, "Study" (ref. 53), 30-31.
125. Winick, interview (ref. 69).
126. Winick, "SSRL at 20 Years" (ref. 65).
127. Herman Winick, "The Wiggler Magnet Is a Success", SSRL Users Newsletter, Mar. 1979, SLAC Archives 1999-001 series, Box 1/2, Folder 28.
128. Winick, "SSRL at 20 Years" (ref. 65).
129. SSRL Activity Report, 1 Oct. 1978-31 Mar. 1979.
130. Bienenstock, interview (ref. 88);
131. Lindau, interview (ref. 88).
132. SSRL Activity Report, 1 Jul. 1977-31 Mar. 1978.
133. "SSRL Dedicates Expansion Program", SSRL Users Newsletter, Dec. 1977, SLAC Archives, 1999-001 series, Box 1/2, Folder 28.
134. "Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Project Site Visit Report", 25 Mar. 1977, SLAC Archives, 2009-049 series, Box 3, Folder 2.
135. Doniach et al., "Renewal Proposal" (ref. 96).
136. Cantwell, "20 Years of SSRL" (ref. 72);
137. Arthur Bienenstock and Wolfgang Panofsky, "The Use of SPEAR Jointly by SLAC/HEP and SSRL Beginning October 1, 1979", SLAC Archives, Panofsky series IV, Box 51, Folder 1.
138. Bienenstock and Panofsky, "Use of SPEAR" (ref. 113).
139. SSRL Activity Report, 1 Apr. 1979-31 Mar. 1980.
140. SSRL Activity Report, 1 Apr. 1980-31 Mar. 1981.
141. "Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Proposal Guidelines and General Information", Feb. 1980, SLAC Archives, 2007-033 series, Box 1/3, Folder 12.
142. "Report of a SSRL Site Visit, Stanford University, September 22, 23, 1980", SLAC Archives, 2009-049 series, Box 3, Folder 2.
143. SSRL Activity Report, 1 Apr. 1981-31 Mar. 1982.
144. "SSRL Expansion Program: Review of Historical Developments", 11 Sep. 1980, SLAC Archives, 2009-049 series, Box 3, Folder 2.
145. Cantwell, "20 Years of SSRL" (ref. 72).
146. SSRL Activity Report 1983.
147. "Memorandum of Understanding Concerning Operation of the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (SSRL) at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC)", 30 Sep. 1982, SLAC Archives, Panofsky series IV, Box 51, Folder 1.
148. Catherine Westfall, "Retooling for the Future: Launching the Advanced Light Source at Lawrence's Laboratory, 1980-1986", HSNS 38, no. 4(2008):569-609.
149. Wolfgang Panofsky, memo, 18 Nov. 1982, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 4, Folder 1.
150. "Cost Estimation of SSRL Construction Projects Level I (Total Cost $9.0M)", 22 Nov. 1982, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 7, Folder 7.
151. Burton Richter, memo to files, 29 Nov. 1982, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 7, Folder 7.
152. Wolfgang Panofsky, memo to files, 24 Nov. 1982, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 7, Folder 7.
153. Wolfgang Panofsky, memo to Dr. Albert Hastorf, Provost of Stanford, 9 Dec. 1982, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 7, Folder 9.
154. Wolfgang Panofsky, memo to all SLAC faculty, 22 Aug. 1983, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 4, Folder 1.
155. Richter, memo to files, 18 Jul. 1983, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 7, Folder 9.
156. "Report of the Ad Hoc Committee on Organization of SSRL", 1 Jun. 1983, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 6, Folder 5.
157. Arthur Bienenstock, "Future Plans for SSRL: A Report from the Director", SSRL Users Newsletter, Feb. 1983, SLAC Archives, 1999-001 series, Box 1/2, Folder 28.
158. SSRL Activity Report 1983.
159. Westfall, "Institutional Persistence" (ref. 8).
160. Westfall, "Institutional Persistence" (ref. 8).
161. Burton Richter to Wolfgang Panofsky, 11 Jul. 1983, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 4, Folder 14;
162. SSRL Activity Report 1985.
163. SSRL Activity Report for 1985. (Note: The Activity Report 1985, ref. 141, concerns the year 1984. The Activity Report for 1985, this ref., concerns the year 1985.)
164. SSRL Activity Report 1987.
165. "Report on Workshop on PEP as a Synchrotron Radiation Source, October 20-21, 1987", SLAC Archives, 1998-001 series, Box 1/3, Folder 1.
166. SSRL Activity Report 1985.
167. Panofsky, Panofsky (ref. 13), 138-40.
168. SSRL Activity Report 1986.
169. "Synchrotron Facilities Supported by the Department of Energy: A Final Report Submitted to the DOE Council on Materials Science", 11 Jan 1989, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 8, Folder 5, on 20.
170. SSRL Activity Report for 1985.
171. SSRL Activity Report 1987.
172. SSRL Activity Report 1988.
173. P. A. Wolff (chairman of the SSRL science policy board) to Donald Kennedy (president of Stanford University), 9 Sep. 1986, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 4, Folder 1.
174. SSRL Activity Report 1989.
175. William Wilken, "Analysis of the Management Relationships at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center and Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Site", 28 May 1988, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 6, Folder 6.
176. Arthur Bienenstock to R. Byer (Vice Provost and Dean of Research at Stanford), "A Single M&O Contract for SSRL and SLAC", 8 Apr. 1989, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 6, Folder 6.
177. Arthur Bienenstock, memo to SLAC faculty, "SLAC/SSRL Single Contract", 28 Apr. 1989, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 6, Folder 6.
178. Cantwell, "20 Years of SSRL" (ref. 72).
179. SSRL Activity Report 1988;
180. SSRL Activity Report 1989.
181. SSRL Activity Report 1990.
182. Arthur Bienenstock to Robert O. Director (Hunter, Office of Energy Research, Department of Energy), 8 Sep. 1989, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 6, Folder 6.
183. SSRL Activity Report 1990.
184. "Synchrotron Facilities" (ref. 148);
185. SSRL Activity Report 1990.
186. SSRL Activity Report 1991.
187. SSRL Activity Report 1992.
188. Bill Gough (Director, DOE Stanford Site Office) to Burton Richter, 27 Feb. 1987, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 6, Folder 5;
189. Burton Richter, memo to files, "Conversations with Bill Gough and Gerry Lieberman", 22 Jan 1985, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 6, Folder 5.
190. Bienenstock, interview (ref. 88);
191. Lindau, interview (ref. 88).
192. Burton Richter, interview by author and Thomas Heinze, 22 Mar. 2013;
193. Bienenstock, interview (ref. 88).
194. "Final Report of the Faculty Committee on SLAC/SSRL Unification", 15 Jul. 1986, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 6, Folder 5.
195. "Report of the Ad Hoc Administrative Committee on Possible SLAC/SSRL Unification", 29 Feb. 1988, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 6, Folder 6.
196. Wilken, "Analysis" (ref. 154).
197. Donald Kennedy to Burt Richter and Arthur Bienenstock, 10 Mar. 1989, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 6, Folder 6;
198. Burton Richter, memo to SLAC directorate, faculty, and committee members, "The Question of SLAC/SSRL Unification", 16 Mar. 1989, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 6, Folder 6.
199. M. Cornacchia et al., "Operational and Organizational Committee Report", 24 Apr. 1989, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 6, Folder 6.
200. "Report of the SSRL Science Policy Board", 2 Jun. 1989, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 7, Folder 8.
201. Robert L. Byer (Vice Provost and Dean of Research, Stanford University) to Donald K. Stevens (Associate Director Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Energy Research, Department of Energy) and Wilmot N. Hess (Associate Director, Office of High Energy & Nuclear Physics, Department of Energy), 14 Sep. 1989, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 6, Folder 6.
202. William Spicer to Bob Byer (Dean of Research, Stanford University), 25 Feb. 1991, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 6, Folder 7.
203. Burton Richter and Arthur Bienenstock, memo to all SSRL and SLAC faculty and staff, "Single SLAC/SSRL Contract", 26 Aug. 1991, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 6, Folder 7.
204. Martin Perl, "Final Draft from SLAC Members of Joint SLAC-SSRL Faculty Committee", 13 Nov. 1991, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 6, Folder 7.
205. Burton Richter, "All Hands Memo", 1 Oct. 1992, SLAC Archives, Richter series 7, Box 6, Folder 8.
206. "SSRL Merges with SLAC", SSRL Users Newsletter, October 1992, SLAC Archives, 2000-024 series, Box 1/3, Folder 20.