Ventilator-associated infection: The role for inhaled antibiotics

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine

Volumn 21, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 239-249

  Palmer, Lucy B ^a  

^a STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Aerosolized antibiotics; bacterial resistance; inhaled antibiotics; ventilator associated pneumonia; ventilator associated tracheobronchitis

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; COLISTIN; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT;

AEROSOL; ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY; BACTERIAL GROWTH; CRITICALLY ILL PATIENT; DRUG EFFICACY; HUMAN; MINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION; PREVALENCE; REVIEW; TRACHEOBRONCHITIS; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TREATMENT RESPONSE; VENTILATED PATIENT; VENTILATOR ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA; INHALATIONAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; PNEUMONIA, VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED;

ADMINISTRATION, INHALATION; ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; DRUG RESISTANCE, BACTERIAL; HUMANS; PNEUMONIA, VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED;

EID: 84926294478     PISSN: 10705287     EISSN: 15316971     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/MCP.0000000000000160     Document Type: Review

References (57)

1. Safdar N, Dezfulian C, Collard HR, Saint S. Clinical and economic consequences of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a systematic review. Crit Care Med 2005; 33:2184-2193.
2. Chastre J, Fagon JY. Ventilator-associated pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002; 165:867-903.
3. Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated, pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005; 171:388-416.
4. Grgurich PE, Hudcova J, Lei Y, et al. Diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia: controversies and working toward a gold standard. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2013; 26:140-150.
5. Rea-Neto A, Youssef NC, Tuche F, et al. Diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a systematic review of the literature. Crit Care 2008; 12:R56.
6. Masterton RG, Galloway A, French G, et al. Guidelines for the management of hospital-acquired pneumonia in the UK: report of the working party on hospital-acquired pneumonia of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. J Antimicrob Chemother 2008; 62:5-34.
7. Klompas M. Does this patient have ventilator-associated pneumonia? J Am Med Assoc 2007; 297:1583-1593.
8. Muscedere J, Rewa O, McKechnie K, et al. Subglottic secretion drainage for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care Med 2011; 39:1985-1991.
9. Klompas M, Speck K, Howell MD, et al. Reappraisal of routine oral care with chlorhexidine gluconate for patients receiving mechanical ventilation: systema tic review and meta-analysis. J Am Med Assoc Int Med 2014; 174:751-761.
10. Tamma PD, Srinivasan A, Cosgrove SE. Antimicrobial stewardship. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2014; 28:xi-xii.
11. Munoz-Price LS, Weinstein RA. Acinetobacter infection. N Engl J Med 2008; 358:1271-1281.
12. Peterson LR. Bad bugs, no drugs: no ESCAPE revisited. Clin Infect Dis 2009; 49:992-993.
13. Rios FG, Luna CM, Maskin B, et al. Ventilator-associated pneumonia due to colistin susceptible-only microorganisms. Eur Respir J 2007; 30:307-313.
14. Spellberg B, Guidos R, Gilbert D, et al. The epidemic of antibiotic-resistant infections: a call to action for the medical community from the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 2008; 46:155-164.
15. Vincent JL, Rello J, Marshall J, et al. International study of the prevalence and outcomes of infection in intensive care units. J Am Med Assoc 2009; 302:2323-2329.
16. Moffatt JH, Harper M, Harrison P, et al. Colistin resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii is mediated by complete loss of lipopolysaccharide production. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010; 54:4971-4977.
17. Arias CA, Murray BE. Antibiotic-resistant bugs in the 21st century: a clinical super-challenge. N Engl J Med 2009; 360:439-443.
18. Wellington EM, Boxall AB, Cross P, et al. The role of the natural environment in the emergence of antibiotic resistance in gram-negative bacteria. Lancet Infect Dis 2013; 13:155-165.
19. Athanassa ZE, Markantonis SL, Fousteri MZ, et al. Pharmacokinetics of inhaled colistimethate sodium (CMS) in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients. Intensive Care Med 2012; 38:1779-1786.
20. Falagas ME, Kasiakou SK. Colistin: the revival of polymyxins for the management of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections. Clin Infect Dis 2005; 40:1333-1341.
21. Falagas ME, Kasiakou SK, Tsiodras S, Michalopoulos A. The use of intravenous and aerosolized polymyxins for the treatment of infections in critically ill patients: a review of the recent literature. Clin Med Res 2006; 4:138-146.
22. Michalopoulos A, Fotakis D, Virtzili S, et al. Aerosolized colistin as adjunctive treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia due to multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria: a prospective study. Respir Med 2008; 102:407-412.
23. Pereira GH, Muller PR, Levin AS. Salvage treatment of pneumonia and initial treatment of tracheobronchitis caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli with inhaled polymyxin B. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2007; 58:235-240.
24. Perez-Pedrero MJ, Sanchez-Casado M, Rodriguez-Villar S. Nebulized colistin treatment of multiresistant Acinetobacter baumannii pulmonary infection in critical ill patients. Med Intensiva 2011; 35:226-231.
25. Kwa AL, Loh C, Low JG, et al. Nebulized colistin in the treatment of pneumonia due to multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aer-uginosa. Clin Infect Dis 2005; 41:754-757.
26. Hamer DH. Treatment of nosocomial pneumonia and tracheobronchitis caused by multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa with aerosolized colistin. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 162:328-330.
27. Korbila IP, Michalopoulos A, Rafailidis PI, et al. Inhaled colistin as adjunctive therapy to intravenous colistin for the treatment of microbiologically documented ventilator-associated pneumonia: a comparative cohort study. Clin Microbiol Infect 2010; 16:1230-1236.
28. Kofteridis DP, Alexopoulou C, Valachis A, et al. Aerosolized plus intravenous colistin versus intravenous colistin alone for the treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a matched case-control study. Clin Infect Dis 2010; 51:1238-1244.
29. Rattanaumpawan P, Lorsutthitham J, Ungprasert P, et al. Randomized controlled trial of nebulized colistimethate sodium as adjunctive therapy of ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by Gram-negative bacteria. J Anti-microb Chemother 2010; 65:2645-2649.
30. Dhand R. The role of aerosolized antimicrobials in the treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Respir Care 2007; 52:866-884.
31. Palmer LB. Aerosolized antibiotics in the intensive care unit. Clin Chest Med 2011; 32:559-574.
32. Nseir S, Ader F, Marquette CH. Nosocomial tracheobronchitis. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2009; 22:148-153.
33. Craven DE, Chroneou A, Zias N, Hjalmarson KI. Ventilator-associated tra-cheobronchitis: the impact of targeted antibiotic therapy on patient outcomes. Chest 2009; 135:521-528.
34. Palmer LB, Smaldone GC, Chen JJ, et al. Aerosolized antibiotics and ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis in the intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 2008; 36:2008-2013.
35. Mendelman PM, Smith AL, Levy J, et al. Aminoglycoside penetration, inactiva-tion, and efficacy in cystic fibrosis sputum. Am Rev Respir Dis 1985; 132:761-765.
36. Gil-Perotin S, Ramirez P, Marti V, et al. Implications of endotracheal tube biofilm in ventilator-associated pneumonia response: a state of concept. Crit Care 2012; 16:R93.
37. Ioannidou E, Siempos II, Falagas ME. Administration of antimicrobials via the respiratory tract for the treatment of patients with nosocomial pneumonia: a meta-analysis. J Antimicrob Chemother 2007; 60:1216-1226.
38. Klastersky J, Geuning C, Mouawad E, Daneau D. Endotracheal gentamicin in bronchial infections in patients with tracheostomy. Chest 1972; 61:117-120.
39. Klastersky J, Carpentier-Meunier F, Kahan-Coppens L, Thys JP. Endotrache-ally administered antibiotics for gram-negative bronchopneumonia. Chest 1979; 75:586-591.
40. Le Conte P, Potel G, Clementi E, et al. Administration of tobramycin aerosols in patients with nosocomial pneumonia: a preliminary study. Presse Med 2000; 29:76-78.
41. Brown RB, Kruse JA, Counts GW, et al. Double-blind study of endotracheal tobramycin in the treatment of gram-negative bacterial pneumonia. The Endotracheal Tobramycin Study Group. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1990; 34:269-272.
42. Hallal A, Cohn SM, Namias N, et al. Aerosolized tobramycin in the treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a pilot study. Surg Infect (Larchmt) 2007; 8:73-82.
43. Berlana D, Llop JM, Fort E, et al. Use of colistin in the treatment of multiple-drug-resistant gram-negative infections. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2005; 62:39-47.
44. Lu Q, Yang J, Liu Z, et al. Nebulized ceftazidime and amikacin in ventilator-associated pneumonia causedby Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Am JRespir Crit Care Med 2011; 184:106-115.
45. Arnold HM, Sawyer AM, Kollef MH. Use of adjunctive aerosolized antimicrobial therapy in the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii ventilator-associated pneumonia. Respir Care 2012; 57:1226-1233.
46. Lu Q, Luo R, Bodin L, et al. Efficacy of high-dose nebulized colistin in ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aerugino-sa and Acinetobacter baumannii. Anesthesiology 2012; 117:1335-1347.
47. Niederman MS, Chastre J, Corkery K, et al. BAY41-6551 achieves bactericidal tracheal aspirate amikacin concentrations in mechanically ventilated patients with Gram-negative pneumonia. Intensive Care Med 2012; 38:263-271.
48. Doshi NM, Cook CH, Mount KL, et al. Adjunctive aerosolized colistin for multidrug resistant gram-negative pneumonia in the critically ill: a retrospective study. BMC Anesthesiol 2013; 13:45.
49. Tumbarello M, De Pascale G, Trecarichi EM, et al. Effect of aerosolized colistin as adjunctive treatment on the outcomes of microbiologically documented ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by colistin-only susceptible gram-negative bacteria. Chest 2013; 144:1768-1775.
50. Palmer LB, Smaldone GC. Reduction of bacterial resistance with inhaled antibiotics in the intensive care unit. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2014; 189:1225-1233.
51. Palmer LB, Smaldone GC, Simon SR, et al. Aerosolized antibiotics in mechanically ventilated patients: delivery and response. Crit Care Med 1998; 26:31-39.
52. Nation RL, Li J. Colistin in the 21st century. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2009; 22:535-543.
53. Michalopoulos A, Kasiakou SK, Mastora Z, et al. Aerosolized colistin for the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia due to multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in patients without cystic fibrosis. Crit Care 2005; 9:R53-R59.
54. Florescu DF, Qiu F, McCartan MA, et al. What is the efficacy and safety of colistin for the treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia? A systematic review and meta-regression. Clin Infect Dis 2012; 54:670-680.
55. Athanassa ZE, Myrianthefs PM, Boutzouka EG, et al. Monotherapy with inhaled colistin for the treatment of patients with ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis due to polymyxin-only-susceptible Gram-negative bacteria. J Hosp Infect 2011; 78:335-336.
56. Li J, Nation RL, Milne RW, et al. Evaluation of colistin as an agent against multiresistant Gram-negative bacteria. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2005; 25:11-25.
57. Abu-Salah T, Dhand R. Inhaled antibiotic therapy for ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis and ventilator-associated pneumonia: an update. Adv Ther 2011; 28:728-747.