Camelina as a sustainable oilseed crop: Contributions of plant breeding and genetic engineering

Biotechnology Journal

Volumn 10, Issue 4, 2015, Pages 525-535

  Vollmann, Johann ^a   Eynck, Christina ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND LIFE SCIENCES   (Austria)

^b Linnaeus Plant Sciences Inc   (Canada)

Author keywords

Camelina; Genetic engineering; Genomics; Plant breeding

Indexed keywords

AGRICULTURE; AGRONOMY; BIOFUELS; CROPS; ECONOMICS; FATTY ACIDS; GENE ENCODING; GENES; GENETIC ENGINEERING; OIL SHALE; OILSEEDS; POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS;

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION SYSTEM; CAMELINA; DROUGHT RESISTANCE; GENOMICS; HYDROXY FATTY ACIDS; LIPID METABOLISMS; LONG CHAIN POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACID; PLANT BREEDING;

OILS AND FATS;

BIOFUEL; CAMELINA OIL; ERUCIC ACID; HYDROXY FATTY ACID; LINOLENIC ACID; OIL; POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACID; REPETITIVE DNA; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VEGETABLE OIL;

ARABIDOPSIS; BIOFUEL PRODUCTION; BRASSICACEAE; CAMELINA; DROUGHT RESISTANCE; GENETIC ENGINEERING; GENETIC RESOURCE; GENETIC VARIABILITY; GRAIN YIELD; LINSEED; LIPID COMPOSITION; LIPID METABOLISM; NONHUMAN; PEST RESISTANCE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY; PLANT BREEDING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SEED QUALITY; SEED YIELD; BIOTECHNOLOGY; CAMELLIA; CROP; GENETICS;

ALTERNARIA; ARABIDOPSIS; BRASSICACEAE; CAMELINA;

ARABIDOPSIS; BIOFUELS; BIOTECHNOLOGY; CAMELLIA; CROPS, AGRICULTURAL; GENETIC ENGINEERING; PLANT BREEDING; PLANT OILS;

EID: 84926222359     PISSN: 18606768     EISSN: 18607314     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/biot.201400200     Document Type: Review

References (100)

1. Dönmez, E.O., Belli, O., Urartian plant cultivation at Yoncatepe (Van), Eastern Turkey. Econ. Bot. 2007, 61, 290-298.
2. Larsson, M., Cultivation and processing of Linum usitatissimum and Camelina sativa in southern Scandinavia during the Roman Iron Age. Veget. Hist. Archaeobot. 2013, 22, 509-520.
3. Eynck, C., Falk, K.C., Camelina (Camelina sativa). In: Singh, B.P. (Ed.), Biofuel Crops: Production, Physiology and Genetics, CAB International, Wallingford, UK 2013, pp. 369-391.
4. Putnam, D.H., Budin, J.T., Field, L.A., Breene, W.M., Camelina: A promising low-input oilseed. In: Janick, J., Simon, J.E. (Eds), New Crops, Exploration, Research and Commercialization, Proceedings of the Second National Symposium, Indianapolis, Oct. 6-9, 1991, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York 1993, pp. 314-322.
5. Li, H., Barbetti, M.J., Sivasithamparam, K., Hazard from reliance on cruciferous hosts as sources of major gene-based resistance for managing blackleg (Leptosphaeria maculans) disease. Field Crops Res. 2005, 91, 185-198.
6. Henderson, A.E., Hallett, R.H., Soroka, Prefeeding behavior of the crucifer flea beetle, Phyllotreta cruciferae, on host and nonhost crucifers. J. Insect Behavior 2004, 17, 17-39.
7. Shonnard, D.R., Williams, L., Kalnes, T.N., Camelina-derived jet fuel and diesel: Sustainable advanced biofuels. Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy 2010, 29, 382-392.
8. Keske, C.M.H., Hoag, D.L., Brandess, A., Johnson, J.J., Is it economically feasible for farmers to grow their own fuel? A study of Camelina sativa produced in the western United States as an on-farm biofuel. Biomass & Bioenergy 2013, 54, 89-99.
9. Abramovic, H., Abram, V., Physico-chemical properties, composition and oxidative stability of Camelina sativa oil. Food Technol. Biotechnol. 2005, 43, 63-70.
10. Karvonen, H.M., Aro, A., Tapola, N.S., Salminen, I. et al., Effect of alpha-linolenic acid-rich Camelina sativa oil on serum fatty acid composition and serum lipids in hypercholesterolemic subjects. Metabolism 2002, 51, 1253-1260.
11. Kris-Etherton, P.M., Etherton, T.D., The impact of the changing fatty acid profile of fats on diet assessment and health. J. Food Comp. Anal. 2003, 16, 373-378.
12. Walsh, K.D., Puttick, D.M., Hills, M.J., Yang, R.-C. et al., First report of outcrossing rates in camelina [Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz], a potential platform for bioindustrial oils. Can. J. Plant Sci. 2012, 92, 681-685.
13. Seehuber, R., Genotypische Variabilität in Ertrags- und Qualitätsmerkmalen bei Mohn und Leindotter. Fette - Seifen - Anstrichmittel 1984, 86, 177-180.
14. Seehuber, R., Vollmann, J., Dambroth, M., Anwendung der Single-Seed-Descent Methode bei Leindotter (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) zur Erhöhung des Ertragsniveaus. Landbauforsch. Völkenrode 1987, 37, 132-136.
15. Ruiz-Lopez, N., Haslam, R.P., Napier, J.A., Sayanova, O., Successful high-level accumulation of fish oil omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in a transgenic oilseed crop. Plant J. 2014, 77, 198-208.
16. Hutcheon, C., Ditt, R.F., Beilstein, M., Comai, L. et al., Polyploid genome of Camelina sativa revealed by isolation of fatty acid synthesis genes. BMC Plant Biology 2010, 10, 233.
17. Li, X., Mupondwa, E., Life cycle assessment of camelina oil derived biodiesel and jet fuel in the Canadian Prairies. Sci. Tot. Env. 2014, 481, 17-26.
18. Zanetti, F., Monti, A., Berti, M.T., Challenges and opportunities for new industrial oilseed crops in EU-27: A review. Ind. Crops Prod. 2013, 50, 580-595.
19. Guy, S.O., Wysocki, D.J., Schillinger, W.F., Chastain, T.G. et al., Camelina: Adaptation and performance of genotypes. Field Crops Res. 2014, 155, 224-232.
20. Gugel, R.K., Falk, K.C., Agronomic and seed quality evaluation of Camelina sativa in western Canada. Can. J. Plant Sci. 2006, 86, 1047-1058.
21. Gehringer, A., Friedt, W., Lühs, W., Snowdon, R.J., Genetic mapping of agronomic traits in false flax (Camelina sativa subsp. sativa). Genome 2006, 49, 1555-1563.
22. Vollmann, J., Moritz, T., Kargl, C., Baumgartner, S., Wagentristl, H., Agronomic evaluation of camelina genotypes selected for seed quality characteristics. Ind. Crops Prod. 2007, 26, 270-277.
23. Vollmann, J., Laimer, M., Novel and traditional oil crops and their biorefinery potential. In:Yang, S.-T., El Enshasy, H.A., Thongchul, N. (Eds), Bioprocessing Technologies in Biorefinery for Sustainable Production of Fuels, Chemicals, and Polymers, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey, USA 2013, pp. 47-59.
24. Zubr, J., Matthäus, B., Effects of growth conditions on fatty acids and tocopherols in Camelina sativa oil. Ind. Crops Prod. 2002, 15, 155-162.
25. Zubr, J., Oil-seed crop: Camelina sativa. Ind. Crops Prod. 1997, 6, 113-119.
26. Pavlista, A.D., Isbell, T.A., Baltensperger, D.D., Hergert, G.W., Planting date and development of spring-seeded irrigated canola, brown mustard and camelina. Ind. Crops Prod. 2011, 33, 451-456.
27. Kirkhus, B., Lundon, A.R., Haugen, J.-E., Vogt, G. et al., Effects of environmental factors on edible oil quality of organically grown Camelina sativa. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2013, 61, 3179-3185.
28. Rodríguez-Rodríguez, M.F., Sánchez-García, A., Salas, J.J., Garcés, R., Martínez-Force, E., Characterization of the morphological changes and fatty acid profile of developing Camelina sativa seeds Ind. Crops Prod. 2013, 50, 673-679.
29. Büchsenschütz-Nothdurft, A., Schuster, A., Friedt, W., Breeding for modified fatty acid composition via experimental mutagenesis in Camelina sativa (L.) Crtz. Ind. Crops Prod. 1998, 7, 291-295.
30. Vollmann, J., Damboeck, A., Baumgartner, S., Ruckenbauer, P., Selection of induced mutants with improved linolenic acid content in camelina. Fett / Lipid 1997, 99, 357-361.
31. Ciubota-Rosie, C., Ruiz, J.R., Ramos, M.J., Pérez, Á., Biodiesel from Camelina sativa: A comprehensive characterization. Fuel 2013, 105, 572-577.
32. Malhi, S.S., Johnson, N.N., Hall, L.M., May, W.E. et al., Effect of nitrogen fertilizer application on seed yield, N uptake, and seed quality of Camelina sativa. Can. J. Soil Sci. 2014, 94, 35-47.
33. Séguin-Swartz, G., Eynck, C., Gugel, R.K., Strelkov, S.E. et al., Diseases of Camelina sativa (false flax). Can. J. Plant Pathol. 2009, 31, 375-386.
34. Pedras, M.S.C., Zaharia, I.L., Gai, Y., Zhou, Y., Ward, D.E., In planta sequential hydroxylation and glycosylation of a fungal phytotoxin: Avoiding cell death and overcoming the fungal invader. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2001, 98, 747-752.
35. Gröntoft, M., Resistens mot svartfläcksjuka (Alternaria spp.) i oljeväxter. Sveriges Utsädes. Tidskr. 1986, 96, 263-269.
36. th International Rapeseed Congress, 9-11 July 1991, Saskatoon, Sask., Vol. 1. Groupe Consultatif International Recherche sur le Colza, Paris, France 1991, pp. 219-225.
37. Sharma, G., Kumar, V.D., Haque, A., Bhat, S.R. et al., Brassica coenospecies: A rich reservoir for genetic resistance to leaf spot caused by Alternaria brassicae. Euphytica 2002, 125, 411-417.
38. Browne, L.M., Conn, K.L., Ayer, W.A., Tewari, J.P., The camalexins: New phytoalexins produced in the leaves of Camelina sativa (Cruciferae). Tetrahedron 1991, 47, 3909-3914.
39. Thomma, B.P.H.J., Nelissen, I., Eggermont, K., Broekaert, W.F., Deficiency in phytoalexin production causes enhanced susceptibility of Arabidopsis thaliana to the fungus Alternaria brassicicola. Plant J. 1999, 19, 163-171.
40. Kagan, I.A., Hammerschmidt, R., Arabidopsis ecotype variability in camalexin production and reaction to infection by Alternaria brassicicola. J. Chem. Ecol. 2002, 28, 2121-2140.
41. Tierens, K.F.M.J., Thomma, B.P.H.J., Bari, R.P., Garmier, M. et al., Esa1, an Arabidopsis mutant with enhanced susceptibility to a range of necrotrophic fungal pathogens, shows a distorted induction of defense responses by reactive oxygen generating compounds. Plant J. 2002, 29, 131-140.
42. Conn, K.L., Tewari, J.P., Dahiya, J.S., Resistance to Alternaria brassicae and phytoalexin-elicitation in rapeseed and other crucifers. Plant Sci. 1988, 56, 21-25.
43. Jejelowo, O.A., Conn, K.L., Tewari, J.P., Relationship between conidial concentration, germling growth, and phytoalexin production by Camelina sativa leaves inoculated with Alternaria brassicae. Mycol. Res. 1991, 95, 928-934.
44. Sellam, A., Iacomi-Vasilescu, B., Hudhomme, P., Simoneau, P., In vitro antifungal activity of brassinin, camalexin and two isothiocyanates against the crucifer pathogen Alternaria brassicicola and Alternaria brassicae. Plant Pathol. 2007, 56, 296-301.
45. Pedras, M.S.C., Khan, A.Q., Taylor, J.J., The phytoalexin camalexin is not metabolized by Phoma lingam, Alternaria brassicae, or phytopathogenic bacteria. Plant Sci. 1998, 139, 1-8.
46. Pedras, M.S.C., Montaut, S., Zaharia, I.L., Gai, Y., Ward, D.E., Transformation of the host-selective toxin destruxin B by wild crucifers: Probing a detoxification pathway. Phytochemistry. 2003, 64, 957-963.
47. Séguin-Swartz, G., Nettleton, J., Sauder, C., Warwick, S.I., Gugel, R.K., Hybridization potential between the oilseed crucifer Camelina sativa and canola, mustard and related weeds. In: Proceedings of the 13th International Rapeseed Congress, June 5-9, 2011, Prague, Groupe Consultatif International Recherche sur le Colza, Paris, France 2011, pp. 716-718.
48. Nowicki, M., Nowakowska, M., Niezgoda, A., Kozik, E.U., Alternaria black spot of crucifers: Symptoms, importance of disease, and perspectives of resistance breeding. Vegetable Crops Research Bulletin 2012, 76, 5-19.
49. Narasimhulu, S.B., Kirti, P.B., Bhatt, S.R., Prakash, S., Chopra, V.L., Intergeneric protoplast fusion between Brassica carinata and Camelina sativa. Plant Cell Rep. 1994, 13, 657-660.
50. Hansen, L.N., Intertribal somatic hybridization between rapid cycling Brassica oleracea L. and Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz. Euphytica 1998, 104, 173-179.
51. Sigareva, M.A., Earle, E.D., Camalexin induction in intertribal somatic hybrids between Camelina sativa and rapid-cycling Brassica oleracea. Theor. Appl. Genet. 1999, 98, 164-170.
52. Pedras, M.S.C., Jha, M., Okeola, O.G., Camalexin induces detoxification of the phytoalexin brassinin in the plant pathogen Leptosphaeria maculans. Phytochemistry 2005, 66, 2609-2616.
53. Rouxel, T., Balesdent, M.H., The stem canker (blackleg) fungus, Leptosphaeria maculans, enters the genomic era. Mol. Plant Pathol. 2005, 6, 225-241.
54. Fitt, B.D.L., Brun, H., Barbetti, M.J., Rimmer, S.R., World-wide importance of phoma stem canker (Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa) on oilseed rape (Brassica napus). Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 2006, 114, 3-15.
55. Conn, K.L., Browne, L.M., Tewari, J.P., Ayer, W.A., Resistance to Rhizoctonia solani and presence of antimicrobial compounds in Camelina sativa roots. J. Biochem. Biotechnol. 1994, 3, 125-130.
56. Eynck, C., Séguin-Swartz, G., Clarke, W.E., Parkin, I.A.P., Monolignol biosynthesis is associated with resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Camelina sativa. Mol. Plant Pathol. 2012, 13, 887-899.
57. Vollmann, J., Steinkellner, S., Glauninger, J., Variation in resistance of camelina (Camelina sativa [L.] Crtz.) to downy mildew (Peronospora camelinae Gäum.). J. Phytopathol. 2001, 149, 129-133.
58. Soroka, J., Grenkow, L., Susceptibility of brassicaceous plants to feeding by flea beetles, Phyllotreta spp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 2013, 106, 2557-2567.
59. Pachagounder, P., Lamb, R.J., Bodnaryk, R.P., Resistance to the flea beetle Phyllotreta cruciferae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in false flax, Camelina sativa (Brassicaceae). Can. Entomol. 1998, 130, 235-240.
60. Soroka, J.J., Gugel, R.K., Elliott, R., Rakow, G., Raney, J.P., Resistance of crucifer species to insect pests. In: Towards Enhanced Value of Cruciferous Oilseed Crops to Optimal Production and Use of High Quality Seed Components. Proceedings of the 11th International Rapeseed Congress 2003, Copenhagen, Denmark, Groupe Consultatif International Recherche sur le Colza, Paris, France 2003, pp. 1031-1033.
61. Nielsen, J.K, Crucifer-feeding Chrysomelidae: Mechanisms of host plant finding and acceptance. In: Jolivet, P., Petitpierre, E., Hsiao, T.H. (Eds.), Biology of Chrysomelidae, Kluwer Academic, Boston 1988, pp. 25-40.
62. Lange, R., Schumann, W., Petrzika, W., Busch, H., Marquard, R., Glucosinolate in Leindottersamen. Fat Sci. Technol. 1995, 97, 146-152.
63. Schuster, A., Friedt, W., Glucosinolate content and composition as parameters of quality of Camelina seed. Ind. Crops Prod. 1998, 7, 297-302.
64. Nielsen, J.K., Hansen, M.L., Agerbirk, N., Petersen, B.L., Halkier, B.A., Responses of the flea beetles Phyllotreta nemorum and P. cruciferae to metabolically engineered Arabidopsis thaliana with an altered glucosinolate profile. Chemoecology 2001, 11, 75-83.
65. Deng, S., Guiling, Y., Quingwen, Z., HuanLi, X., Qingnian, C., Effect of false flax (Camelina sativa) on larval feeding and adult behavioral response of the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella). Acta Entomol. Sinica 2004, 47, 474-478.
66. Singh, S.P., Sachan, G.C., Effect of different temperatures and host plants on the developmental behavior of mustard sawfly Athalia proxima., Indian J. Ent. 1997, 59, 34-40.
67. Finch, S., Volatile plant chemicals and their effect on host plant finding by the cabbage root fly (Delia brassicae). Ent. Exp. Appl. 1978, 24, 150-159.
68. Cárcamo, H., Olfert, O., Dosdall, L., Herle, C. et al., Resistance to cabbage seed pod weevil among selected Brassicaceae germplasm. Can. Entomol. 2007, 139, 658-669.
69. Eickermann, M., Ulber, B., Screening of oilseed rape and other brassicaceous genotypes for susceptibility to Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus (Mrsh.). J. Appl. Entomol. 2010, 134, 542-550.
70. Onyilagha, J.C., Gruber, M.Y., Hallett, R.H., Holowachuk, J. et al., Constitutive flavonoids deter flea beetle insect feeding in Camelina sativa L. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 2012, 42, 128-133.
71. Séguin-Swartz, G., Nettleton, J.A., Sauder, C., Warwick, S.I., Gugel, R.K., Hybridization between Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz (false flax) and North American Camelina species. Plant Breed. 2013, 132, 390-396.
72. Friedt, W., Snowdon, R., Oilseed rape. In: Vollmann, J., Rajcan, I. (Eds.), Oil Crops, Handbook of Plant Breeding, Springer, New York 2009, pp. 91-126.
73. Kwak, K.J., Kang, H., Han, K.-H., Ahn, S.-J., Molecular cloning, characterization, and stress-responsive expression of genes encoding glycine-rich RNA-binding proteins in Camelina sativa L. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 2013, 68, 44-51.
74. Kagale, S., Koh, C., Nixon, J., Bollina, V. et al., The emerging biofuel crop Camelina sativa retains a highly undifferentiated hexaploid genome structure. Nat. Commun. 2014, 5, 3706, doi: 10.1038/ncomms4706.
75. Hanson, B.D., Park, K.W., Mallory-Smith, C.A., Thill, D.C., Resistance of Camelina microcarpa to acetolactate synthase inhibiting herbicides. Weed Res. 2004, 44, 187-194.
76. Francis, A., Warwick, S.I., The biology of Canadian weeds. 142. Camelina alyssum (Mill.) Thell.; C. microcarpa Andrz. ex DC.; C. sativa (L.) Crantz. Can. J. Plant Sci. 2009, 89, 791-810.
77. Groeneveld, J.H., Klein, A.-M., Pollination of two oil-producing plant species: Camelina (Camelina sativa L. Crantz) and pennycress (Thlaspi arvense L.) double-cropping in Germany. GCB Bioenergy 2014, 6, 242-251.
78. Walsh, D.T., Babiker, E.M., Burke, I.C., Hulbert, S.H., Camelina mutants resistant to acetolactate synthase inhibitor herbicides. Mol. Breed. 2012, 30, 1053-1063.
79. Ferrie, A.M.R., Bethune, T.D., A microspore embryogenesis protocol for Camelina sativa, a multi-use crop. Plant Cell Tiss. Organ Cult. 2011, 106, 495-501.
80. Vollmann, J., Grausgruber, H., Stift, G., Dryzhyruk, V., Lelley, T., Genetic diversity in camelina germplasm as revealed by seed quality characteristics and RAPD polymorphism. Plant Breed. 2005, 124, 446-453.
81. Manca, A., Pecchia, P., Mapelli, S., Masella, P., Galasso, I., Evaluation of genetic diversity in a Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz collection using microsatellite markers and biochemical traits. Genet. Resour. Crop Evol. 2013, 60, 1223-1236.
82. Liang, C., Liu, X., Yiu, S.-M., Lim, B.L., De novo assembly and characterization of Camelina sativa transcriptome by paired-end sequencing. BMC Genomics 2013, 14, 146.
83. Mudalkar, S., Golla, R., Ghatty, S., Reddy, A.R., De novo transcriptome analysis of an imminent biofuel crop, Camelina sativa L. using Illumina GAIIX sequencing platform and identification of SSR markers. Plant Mol. Biol. 2014, 84, 159-171.
84. Nguyen, H.T., Silva, J.E., Podicheti, R., Macrander, J. et al., Camelina seed transcriptome: A tool for meal and oil improvement and translational research. Plant Biotechnol. J. 2013, 11, 759-769.
85. Carlsson, A.S., Zhu, L.-H., Andersson, M., Hofvander, P., Platform crops amenable to genetic engineering - a requirement for successful production of bio-industrial oils through genetic engineering. Biocatal. Agric. Biotechnol. 2014, 3, 58-64.
86. Lu, C., Kang, J., Generation of transgenic plants of a potential oilseed crop Camelina sativa by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Plant Cell Rep. 2008, 27, 273-278.
87. Liu, X., Brost, J., Hutcheon, C., Guilfoil, R. et al., Transformation of the oilseed crop Camelina sativa by Agrobacterium-mediated floral dip and simple large-scale screening of transformants. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. - Plant 2012, 48, 462-468.
88. Horn, P.J., Silva, J.E., Anderson, D., Fuchs, J. et al., Imaging heterogeneity of membrane and storage lipids in transgenic Camelina sativa seeds with altered fatty acid profiles. Plant J. 2013, 76, 138-150.
89. Choudhury, S.R., Riesselman, A.J., Pandey, S., Constitutive or seed-specific overexpression of Arabidopsis G-protein γ subunit 3 (AGG3) results in increased seed and oil production and improved stress tolerance in Camelina sativa. Plant Biotechnol. J. 2014, 12, 49-59.
90. Lee, S.B., Kim, H., Kim, R.J., Suh, M.C., Overexpression of Arabidopsis MYB96 confers drought resistance in Camelina sativa via cuticular wax accumulation. Plant Cell Rep. 2014, 33, 1535-1546.
91. Julié-Galau, S., Bellec, Y., Faure, J.-D., Tepfer, M., Evaluation of the potential for interspecific hybridization between Camelina sativa and related wild Brassicaceae in anticipation of field trials of GM camelina. Transgenic Res. 2014, 23, 67-74.
92. Walsh, K.D., Raatz, L.L., Topkina, K.C., Hall, L.M., Transient seed bank of camelina contributes to a low weedy propensity in Western Canadian cropping systems. Crop Sci. 2013, 53, 2176-2185.
93. Crowley, J.G., Fröhlich, A., Factors affecting the composition and use of camelina. Research Report 7, Project 4319, Teagasc, Dublin, Ireland 1998.
94. Gesch, R.W., Influence of genotype and sowing date on camelina growth and yield in the north central U.S. Ind. Crops Prod. 2014, 54, 209-215.
95. Jiang, Y., Caldwell, C.D., Falk, K.C., Lada, R.R., MacDonald, D., Camelina yield and quality response to combined nitrogen and sulfur. Agron. J. 2013, 105, 1847-1852.
96. Urbaniak, S.D., Caldwell, C.D., Zheljazkov, V.D., Lada, R., Luan, L., The effect of cultivar and applied nitrogen on the performance of Camelina sativa L. in the maritime provinces of Canada. Can. J. Plant Sci. 2008, 88, 111-119.
97. Hrastar, R., Abramovic, H., Košir, I.J., In situ quality evaluation of Camelina sativa landrace. Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 2012, 114, 343-351.
98. Yemets, A.I., Boychuk, Y.N., Shysha, E.N., Rakhmetov, D.B., Blume, Y.B., Establishment of in vitro culture, plant regeneration, and genetic transformation of Camelina sativa. Cytol. Genet. 2013, 47, 138-144.
99. Petrie, J.R., Shrestha, P., Belide, S., Kennedy, Y. et al., Metabolic engineering Camelina sativa with fish oil-like levels of DHA. PLoS ONE 2014, 9, (1), e85061.
100. Mansour, M.P., Shrestha, P., Belide, S., Petrie, J.R. et al., Characterization of oilseed lipids from "DHA-producing Camelina sativa": A new transformed land plant containing long-chain omega-3 oils. Nutrients 2014, 6, 776-789.