Electrical response of mortar with different degrees of saturation and deicing salt solutions during freezing and thawing

Cement and Concrete Composites

Volumn 59, Issue , 2015, Pages 49-59

  Farnam, Yaghoob ^a   Todak, Heather ^a   Spragg, Robert ^a   Weiss, Jason ^a  

^a PURDUE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Conductivity; Damage; Electrical; Freeze thaw; Resistivity; Salt

Indexed keywords

ACOUSTIC IMPEDANCE; ACOUSTIC SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY; FREEZING; MORTAR; REBOILERS; SALTS; THAWING;

DAMAGE; DEGREE OF SATURATIONS; ELECTRICAL; ELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY; ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENT; FREEZE-THAW; FREEZING AND THAWING; RESISTIVITY MEASUREMENT;

ACOUSTIC EMISSION TESTING;

EID: 84925434607     PISSN: 09589465     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2015.03.003     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Y. Shimizu An electrical method for measuring the setting time of Portland cement Mill Sect Concr 32 1928 111 113
2. X. Wei, and L. Xiao Kinetics parameters of cement hydration by electrical resistivity measurement and calorimetry Adv Cem Res 26 2014 187 193 10.1680/adcr.13.00034
3. D. Sohn, and T.O. Mason Electrically induced microstructural changes in Portland cement pastes Adv Cem Based Mater 7 1998 81 88 10.1016/S1065-7355(97)00056-4
4. P.N. Curran, and W.J. McCarter The electrical response characteristics of setting cement paste Mag Concr Res 36 1984 42 49 10.1680/macr.1984.36.126.42
5. A. Van Beek, and M. Hilhorst Dielectric measurements to characterize the microstructural changes of young concrete HERON-ENGLISH Ed. 44 1999 3 17
6. K. Osterminski, R.B. Polder, and P. Schießl Long term behaviour of the resistivity of concrete Heron 57 3 2012 211 230
7. A.A. Ramezanianpour, A. Pilvar, M. Mahdikhani, and F. Moodi Practical evaluation of relationship between concrete resistivity, water penetration, rapid chloride penetration and compressive strength Constr Build Mater 25 2011 2472 2479 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.11.069
8. L. Tang, L.-O. Nilsson, and P.A.M. Basheer Resistance of concrete to chloride ingress: testing and modelling 2011 CRC Press Boca Raton, FL
9. E. Taillet, J.F. Lataste, P. Rivard, and A. Denis Non-destructive evaluation of cracks in massive concrete using normal dc resistivity logging NDT E Int 63 2014 11 20 10.1016/j.ndteint.2014.01.001
10. N. Wiwattanachang, and P.H. Giao Monitoring crack development in fiber concrete beam by using electrical resistivity imaging J Appl Geophys 75 2011 294 304 10.1016/j.jappgeo.2011.06.009
11. M. Niemuth Using impedance spectroscopy to detect flaws in concrete 2004 Purdue University
12. M. Pour-Ghaz Detecting damage in concrete using electrical methods and assessing moisture movement in cracked concrete 2011 Purdue University
13. M. Pour-Ghaz, M. Niemuth, and J. Weiss Use of electrical impedance spectroscopy and conductive surface films to detect cracking and damage in cement based materials ACI Spec Publ 292 2013 1 16
14. D. Chung Damage in cement-based materials, studied by electrical resistance measurement Mater Sci Eng R Rep 42 2003 1 40 10.1016/S0927-796X(03)00037-8
15. A. Peled, J.M. Torrents, T.O. Mason, S.P. Shah, and E.J. Garboczi Electrical impedance spectra to monitor damage during tensile loading of cement composites ACI Mater J 98 2001 313 322 10.14359/10400
16. W. Morris, E.I. Moreno, and A.A. Sagüés Practical evaluation of resistivity of concrete in test cylinders using a Wenner array probe Cem Concr Res 26 1996 1779 1787 10.1016/S0008-8846(96)00175-5
17. R.P. Spragg, J. Castro, T. Nantung, M. Paredes, and J. Weiss Variability analysis of the bulk resistivity measured using concrete cylinders Adv Civil Eng Mater 1 2012 104596 10.1520/ACEM104596
18. R. Spragg, C. Villani, K. Snyder, D. Bentz, J.W. Bullard, and J. Weiss Factors that influence electrical resistivity measurements in cementitious systems Transp Res Rec J Transp Res Board 2342 2013 90 98 10.3141/2342-11
19. G.A. Julio-Betancourt, and R.D. Hooton Study of the Joule effect on rapid chloride permeability values and evaluation of related electrical properties of concretes Cem Concr Res 34 2004 1007 1015 10.1016/j.cemconres.2003.11.012
20. Y. Liu, and F. Presuel-Moreno Effect of elevated temperature curing on compressive strength and electrical resistivity of concrete with fly ash and GGBS ACI Mater J 111 2014 531 542
21. J. Weiss, K. Snyder, J. Bullard, and D. Bentz Using a saturation function to interpret the electrical properties of partially saturated concrete J Mater Civ Eng 25 2013 1097 1106 10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000549
22. W.J. Weiss, J.D. Shane, A. Mieses, T.O. Mason, and S.P. Shah Aspects of monitoring moisture changes using electrical impedance spectroscopy Proc 2nd Symp Importance Self-Desiccation Concr Technol 1999 Lund University Lund, Sweden
23. J. Castro, R. Spragg, and J. Weiss Water absorption and electrical conductivity for internally cured mortars with a W/C between 0.30 and 0.45 J Mater Civ Eng 24 2012 223 231 10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000377
24. ASTM, ASTM C1202 - Standard test method for electrical indication of concrete's ability to resist chloride ion penetration, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA; 2012.
25. W. McCarter, M. Forde, H. Whitting, and S. Ravindrarajan Resistivity characteristics of concrete ICE Proc 73 1982 223 224 10.1680/iicep.1982.1993
26. M.C. Forde, J. McCarter, and H.W. Whittington The conduction of electricity through concrete Mag Concr Res 33 1981 48 60 10.1680/macr.1981.33.114.48
27. G. Sant, F. Rajabipour, and J. Weiss The influence of temperature on electrical conductivity measurements and maturity predictions in cementitious materials during hydration Indian Concr J 82 2008 7 16
28. M. Nokken, A. Boddy, X. Wu, R.D. Hooton, D. Hooton, and S.W. Dean Effects of temperature, chemical, and mineral admixtures on the electrical conductivity of concrete J ASTM Int 5 2008 101296 10.1520/JAI101296
29. Y.A. Villagrán Zaccardi, J. Fullea García, P. Huélamo, and Á.A. Di Maio Influence of temperature and humidity on Portland cement mortar resistivity monitored with inner sensors Mater Corros 60 2009 294 299 10.1002/maco.200805075
30. J. Cao, and D.D. Chung Damage evolution during freeze-thaw cycling of cement mortar, studied by electrical resistivity measurement Cem Concr Res 32 2002 1657 1661 10.1016/S0008-8846(02)00856-6
31. R.A. Olson, B.J. Christensen, R.T. Coverdale, S.J. Ford, G.M. Moss, and H.M. Jennings et al. Interpretation of the impedance spectroscopy of cement paste via computer modelling J Mater Sci 30 1995 5078 5086 10.1007/BF00356052
32. T. Sato, and J.J. Beaudoin An AC impedance spectroscopy study of freezing phenomena in wollastonite micro-fibre reinforced cement paste R.K. Dhir, M.D. Newlands, K.A. Paine, Role Concr Sustain Dev - Proc Int Symp Dedic Prof Surendra Shah 2003 Northwest. Univ. USA Dundee Scotland, United Kingdom 379 388
33. W. Li, M. Pour-Ghaz, J. Castro, and J. Weiss Water absorption and critical degree of saturation relating to freeze-thaw damage in concrete pavement joints J Mater Civ Eng 24 2012 299 307 10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000383
34. Fagerlund G. The significance of critical degrees of saturation at freezing of porous and brittle materials. Durab Concr ACI SP-47, OTTAWA; 1973. p. 13-66. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14359/17604.
35. Qian Y, Farnam Y, Weiss J. Using acoustic emission to quantify freeze-thaw damage of mortar saturated with NaCl solutions. In: Proc 4th Int Conf Durab Concr Struct, Purdue University Libraries Scholarly Publishing Services; 2014. p. 32-7. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284315379.
36. G. Litvan Frost action in cement in the presence of de-icers Cem Concr Res 6 1976 351 356 < http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0008884676900971 > (accessed 15.03.13)
37. X. Shi, L. Fay, M.M. Peterson, and Z. Yang Freeze-thaw damage and chemical change of a Portland cement concrete in the presence of diluted deicers Mater Struct 43 2010 933 946 10.1617/s11527-009-9557-0
38. J.J. Valenza, and G.W. Scherer Mechanisms of salt scaling Mater Struct 38 2005 479 488 10.1007/BF02482144
39. G. Scherer Crystallization in pores Cem Concr Res 29 1999 1347 1358 10.1016/S0008-8846(99)00002-2
40. Y. Farnam, S. Dick, A. Wiese, J. Davis, D. Bentz, and J. Weiss The influence of calcium chloride deicing salt on phase changes and damage development in cementitious materials Cem Concr Compos 2014 1 41
41. Y. Farnam, D. Bentz, A. Sakulich, D. Flynn, and J. Weiss Measuring freeze and thaw damage in mortars containing deicing salt using a low-temperature longitudinal guarded comparative calorimeter and acoustic emission Adv Civil Eng Mater 3 2014 316 337 10.1520/ACEM20130095
42. Y. Farnam, D. Bentz, A. Hampton, and J. Weiss Acoustic emission and low temperature calorimetry study of freeze and thaw behavior in cementitious materials exposed to sodium chloride salt Transp Res Rec 2441 2014 81 90
43. C. Villani, Y. Farnam, T. Washington, J. Jain, and J. Weiss Performance of conventional Portland cement and calcium silicate based carbonated cementitious systems during freezing and thawing in the presence of calcium chloride deicing salts Transp Res Board 2015 [in Press]
44. ASTM, ASTM C305 - Standard practice for mechanical mixing of hydraulic cement pastes and mortars of plastic consistency, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA; 2012. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/C0305-12.
45. ASTM, ASTM E1225 - Standard test method for thermal conductivity of solids by means of the guarded-comparative-longitudinal heat flow technique, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA; 2009.
46. ASTM, ASTM D5470 - Standard test method for thermal transmission properties of thermally conductive electrical insulation materials, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA; 2012.
47. Y. Farnam, M. Geiker, D. Bentz, and J. Weiss Using acoustic emission waveform characterization to ascertain where cracks originate in concrete Cem Concr Compos 2014 [submitted for publication]
48. F. Dullien Porous media: fluid transport and pore structure 1992 Academic Press San Diego
49. K.A. Snyder Relationship between the formation factor and the diffusion coefficient of porous materials saturated with concentrated electrolytes: theoretical and experimental considerations Concr Sci Eng 3 2001 216 224
50. F. Rajabipour In situ electrical sensing and material health monitoring in concrete structures 2006 Purdue University
51. P.G. Debenedetti, and H.E. Stanley Supercooled and glassy water Phys Today 56 2003 40 46 10.1063/1.1595053
52. S. Wen, and D.D.L. Chung Electrical-resistance-based damage self-sensing in carbon fiber reinforced cement Carbon N Y 45 2007 710 716 10.1016/j.carbon.2006.11.029
53. J. Cao, S. Wen, and D.D.L. Chung Defect dynamics and damage of cement-based materials, studied by electrical resistance measurement J Mater Sci 36 2001 4351 4360
54. S. Wen, and D.D.L. Chung Damage monitoring of cement paste by electrical resistance measurement Cem Concr Res 30 2000 1979 1982 10.1016/S0008-8846(00)00351-3
55. ASTM, ASTM C597 - Standard test method for pulse velocity through concrete, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA; 2009.