메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 95, Issue , 2015, Pages 71-78

Breast milk from women living near Lake Malawi is high in docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid

Author keywords

Breast milk; DHA; Fish; Infant; LCPUFA; Maternal

Indexed keywords

ARACHIDONIC ACID; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; LONG CHAIN FATTY ACID; POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACID;

EID: 84924864679     PISSN: 09523278     EISSN: 15322823     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2014.12.002     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (22)

References (48)
  • 1
    • 79952230111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal fatty acid status during pregnancy and lactation and relation to newborn and infant status
    • Lauritzen L., Carlson S.E. Maternal fatty acid status during pregnancy and lactation and relation to newborn and infant status. Matern. Child Nutr. 2011, 7:41-58.
    • (2011) Matern. Child Nutr. , vol.7 , pp. 41-58
    • Lauritzen, L.1    Carlson, S.E.2
  • 2
    • 0242351740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perinatal Biochemistry and Physiology of Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
    • Innis S.M. Perinatal Biochemistry and Physiology of Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids. J. Pediatr. 2003, 143:81-88.
    • (2003) J. Pediatr. , vol.143 , pp. 81-88
    • Innis, S.M.1
  • 3
    • 33748958268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of omega-3 fatty acids in brain development and function: Potential implications for the pathogenesis and prevention of psychopathology
    • McNamara R.K., Carlson S.E. Role of omega-3 fatty acids in brain development and function: Potential implications for the pathogenesis and prevention of psychopathology. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids 2006, 75:329-349.
    • (2006) Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids , vol.75 , pp. 329-349
    • McNamara, R.K.1    Carlson, S.E.2
  • 4
    • 79952212258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Animal studies of the functional consequences of suboptimal polyunsaturated fatty acid status during pregnancy, lactation and early post-natal life
    • Brenna J.T. Animal studies of the functional consequences of suboptimal polyunsaturated fatty acid status during pregnancy, lactation and early post-natal life. Matern. Child Nutr. 2011, 7:59-79.
    • (2011) Matern. Child Nutr. , vol.7 , pp. 59-79
    • Brenna, J.T.1
  • 5
    • 79952222915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Metabolic programming of long-term outcomes due to fatty acid nutrition in early life
    • Innis S.M. Metabolic programming of long-term outcomes due to fatty acid nutrition in early life. Matern. Child Nutr. 2011, 7:112-123.
    • (2011) Matern. Child Nutr. , vol.7 , pp. 112-123
    • Innis, S.M.1
  • 6
    • 0033977932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid formation in neonates: effect of gestational age and intrauterine growth
    • Uauy R., Mena P., Wegher B., Nieto S., Salem N. Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid formation in neonates: effect of gestational age and intrauterine growth. Pediatr. Res. 2000, 47:127-135.
    • (2000) Pediatr. Res. , vol.47 , pp. 127-135
    • Uauy, R.1    Mena, P.2    Wegher, B.3    Nieto, S.4    Salem, N.5
  • 7
    • 0026534480 scopus 로고
    • Tissue levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids during early human development
    • Martinez M. Tissue levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids during early human development. J. Pediatr. 1992, 120:S129-S138.
    • (1992) J. Pediatr. , vol.120 , pp. S129-S138
    • Martinez, M.1
  • 8
    • 82355188270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Placental transfer of fatty acids and fetal implications
    • Larqué E., Demmelmair H., Gil-Sánchez A., et al. Placental transfer of fatty acids and fetal implications. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2011, 94:1908S-1913S.
    • (2011) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.94 , pp. 1908S-1913S
    • Larqué, E.1    Demmelmair, H.2    Gil-Sánchez, A.3
  • 9
    • 65549163934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early determinants of development: a lipid perspective
    • Carlson S.E. Early determinants of development: a lipid perspective. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2009, 89:1523S-1529S.
    • (2009) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.89 , pp. 1523S-1529S
    • Carlson, S.E.1
  • 11
    • 79952229519 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatty acid status in early life in low-income countries - overview of the situation, policy and research priorities
    • Briend A., Dewey K.G., Reinhart G.A. Fatty acid status in early life in low-income countries - overview of the situation, policy and research priorities. Matern. Child Nutr. 2011, 7:141-148.
    • (2011) Matern. Child Nutr. , vol.7 , pp. 141-148
    • Briend, A.1    Dewey, K.G.2    Reinhart, G.A.3
  • 12
    • 0035183230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The essentiality of long chain n-3 fatty acids in relation to development and function of the brain and retina
    • Lauritzen L., Hansen H.S., Jorgensen M.H., Michaelsen K.F. The essentiality of long chain n-3 fatty acids in relation to development and function of the brain and retina. Prog. Lipid Res. 2001, 40:1-94.
    • (2001) Prog. Lipid Res. , vol.40 , pp. 1-94
    • Lauritzen, L.1    Hansen, H.S.2    Jorgensen, M.H.3    Michaelsen, K.F.4
  • 13
    • 79952203581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conversion of linoleid acid and alpha-linolenic acid to long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs), with a focus on pregnancy, lactation and the first two years of life
    • Gibson R.A., Muhlhausler B., Makrides M. Conversion of linoleid acid and alpha-linolenic acid to long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs), with a focus on pregnancy, lactation and the first two years of life. Matern. Child Nutr. 2011, 7:17-26.
    • (2011) Matern. Child Nutr. , vol.7 , pp. 17-26
    • Gibson, R.A.1    Muhlhausler, B.2    Makrides, M.3
  • 14
    • 0033870021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of supplementation of arachidonic acid (AA) or a combination of AA plus docosahexaenoic acid on breastmilk fatty acid composition
    • Smit E.N., Koopmann M., Boersma E.R., Muskiet F.A. Effect of supplementation of arachidonic acid (AA) or a combination of AA plus docosahexaenoic acid on breastmilk fatty acid composition. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids 2000, 62:335-340.
    • (2000) Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids , vol.62 , pp. 335-340
    • Smit, E.N.1    Koopmann, M.2    Boersma, E.R.3    Muskiet, F.A.4
  • 15
    • 59649120821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human milk arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid contents increase following supplementation during pregnancy and lactation
    • van Goor S.A., Dijck-Brouwer D.A., Hadders-Algra M., et al. Human milk arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid contents increase following supplementation during pregnancy and lactation. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids 2009, 80:65-69.
    • (2009) Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids , vol.80 , pp. 65-69
    • van Goor, S.A.1    Dijck-Brouwer, D.A.2    Hadders-Algra, M.3
  • 16
    • 79551644398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of repeated treatment of pregnant women with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and azithromycin on preterm delivery in malawi: a randomized controlled trial
    • Luntamo M., Kulmala T., Mbewe B., Cheung Y.B., Maleta K., Ashorn P. effect of repeated treatment of pregnant women with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and azithromycin on preterm delivery in malawi: a randomized controlled trial. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 2010, 83:1212-1220.
    • (2010) Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. , vol.83 , pp. 1212-1220
    • Luntamo, M.1    Kulmala, T.2    Mbewe, B.3    Cheung, Y.B.4    Maleta, K.5    Ashorn, P.6
  • 17
    • 74549131536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The worldwide incidence of preterm birth: a systematic review of maternal mortality and morbidity
    • Beck S., Wojdyla D., Say L. The worldwide incidence of preterm birth: a systematic review of maternal mortality and morbidity. Bull. World Health Organ. 2010, 88:31-38.
    • (2010) Bull. World Health Organ. , vol.88 , pp. 31-38
    • Beck, S.1    Wojdyla, D.2    Say, L.3
  • 18
    • 84953864900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of complementary feeding with lipid-based nutrient supplements and corn-soy blend on the incidence of stunting and linear growth among 6- to 18-month-old infants and children in rural Malawi
    • Mangani C., Maleta K., Phuka J., et al. Effect of complementary feeding with lipid-based nutrient supplements and corn-soy blend on the incidence of stunting and linear growth among 6- to 18-month-old infants and children in rural Malawi. Matern. Child Nutr. 2013, 10.1111/mcn.12068.
    • (2013) Matern. Child Nutr.
    • Mangani, C.1    Maleta, K.2    Phuka, J.3
  • 19
    • 78149232789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A lipid-based nutrient supplement but not corn-soy blend modestly increases weight gain among 6- to 18-month old moderately underweight children in rural Malawi
    • Thakwalakwa C., Ashorn C, P., Phuka J., et al. A lipid-based nutrient supplement but not corn-soy blend modestly increases weight gain among 6- to 18-month old moderately underweight children in rural Malawi. J. Nutr. 2010, 140:2008-2013.
    • (2010) J. Nutr. , vol.140 , pp. 2008-2013
    • Thakwalakwa, C.1    Ashorn, C.P.2    Phuka, J.3
  • 20
    • 84924881806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • available at:
    • World Health Organization, Child Growth Standards, 2011 available at: http://www.who.int/childgrowth/software/en/.
    • (2011)
  • 21
    • 84863550175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in erythrocyte membrane trans and marine fatty acids between 1999 and 2006 in Older Americans
    • Harris W.S., Pottala J.V., Vasan R.S., Larson M.G., Robins S.J. Changes in erythrocyte membrane trans and marine fatty acids between 1999 and 2006 in Older Americans. J. Nutr. 2012, 142:1297-1303.
    • (2012) J. Nutr. , vol.142 , pp. 1297-1303
    • Harris, W.S.1    Pottala, J.V.2    Vasan, R.S.3    Larson, M.G.4    Robins, S.J.5
  • 22
    • 33845261493 scopus 로고
    • A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification
    • Bligh E.G., Dyer W.J. A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Can. J. Biochem. Physiol. 1959, 37:911-917.
    • (1959) Can. J. Biochem. Physiol. , vol.37 , pp. 911-917
    • Bligh, E.G.1    Dyer, W.J.2
  • 23
    • 0034066391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal variation in the dietary sources of energy for pregnant women in Lungwena, Rural Malawi
    • Ndekha M., Kulmala T., Vaahtera M., Cullinan T., Salin M., Ashorn P. Seasonal variation in the dietary sources of energy for pregnant women in Lungwena, Rural Malawi. Ecol. Food Nutr. 2000, 38:605-622.
    • (2000) Ecol. Food Nutr. , vol.38 , pp. 605-622
    • Ndekha, M.1    Kulmala, T.2    Vaahtera, M.3    Cullinan, T.4    Salin, M.5    Ashorn, P.6
  • 24
    • 84965056777 scopus 로고
    • The fatty acids of human milk. II. Alterations produced by manipulation of caloric balance and exchange of dietary fats
    • Insull W., Hirsch J., James T., Ahrens E.H. The fatty acids of human milk. II. Alterations produced by manipulation of caloric balance and exchange of dietary fats. J. Clin. Invest. 1959, 38:443-450.
    • (1959) J. Clin. Invest. , vol.38 , pp. 443-450
    • Insull, W.1    Hirsch, J.2    James, T.3    Ahrens, E.H.4
  • 25
    • 0001114045 scopus 로고
    • The influence of dietary carbohydrates and fat on the fatty acids of mature milk. A study in four ethnic groups
    • Read W.W.C., Lutz P.G., Tashjian A. The influence of dietary carbohydrates and fat on the fatty acids of mature milk. A study in four ethnic groups. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1965, 17:180-183.
    • (1965) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.17 , pp. 180-183
    • Read, W.W.C.1    Lutz, P.G.2    Tashjian, A.3
  • 26
    • 0025313322 scopus 로고
    • A carbohydrate-rich diet not only leads to incorporation of medium-chain fatty acids (6:0-14:0) in milk triglycerides but also in each milk-phospholipid subclass
    • van Beusekom C.M., Martini I.A., Rutgers H.M., Boersma E.R., Muskiet F.A.J. A carbohydrate-rich diet not only leads to incorporation of medium-chain fatty acids (6:0-14:0) in milk triglycerides but also in each milk-phospholipid subclass. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1990, 52:326-334.
    • (1990) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.52 , pp. 326-334
    • van Beusekom, C.M.1    Martini, I.A.2    Rutgers, H.M.3    Boersma, E.R.4    Muskiet, F.A.J.5
  • 28
    • 1642452982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal and environmental effects on breast milk fatty acids in Burkina Faso and the need to improve the omega-3 PUFA content
    • Thiombiano-Coulibaly N., Rocquelin G., Eymard-Duvernay S., Kiffer-Nunes J., Tapsoba S., Traore S.A. Seasonal and environmental effects on breast milk fatty acids in Burkina Faso and the need to improve the omega-3 PUFA content. Acta Paediatr. 2003, 92:1388-1393.
    • (2003) Acta Paediatr. , vol.92 , pp. 1388-1393
    • Thiombiano-Coulibaly, N.1    Rocquelin, G.2    Eymard-Duvernay, S.3    Kiffer-Nunes, J.4    Tapsoba, S.5    Traore, S.A.6
  • 29
    • 84857799454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • U.S. Department of Agriculture: Agricultural Research Service
    • USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 26 available at:
    • U.S. Department of Agriculture: Agricultural Research Service, USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 26 2011 available at: http://ndb.nal.usda.gov/.
    • (2011)
  • 30
    • 84861930611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatty acid composition in the mature milk of Bolivian forager-horticulturalists: controlled comparisons with a US sample
    • Martin M.A., Lassek W.D., Gaulin S.J.C., et al. Fatty acid composition in the mature milk of Bolivian forager-horticulturalists: controlled comparisons with a US sample. Matern. Child Nutr. 2012, 8:404-418.
    • (2012) Matern. Child Nutr. , vol.8 , pp. 404-418
    • Martin, M.A.1    Lassek, W.D.2    Gaulin, S.J.C.3
  • 31
    • 14844283140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High contents of both docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acids in milk of women consuming fish from lake Kitangiri (Tanzania): targets for infant formulae close to our ancient diet?
    • Kuipers R.S., Fokkema M.R., Smit E.N., van der Muelen J., Boersma E.R., Muskiet F.A.J. High contents of both docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acids in milk of women consuming fish from lake Kitangiri (Tanzania): targets for infant formulae close to our ancient diet?. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids 2005, 72:279-288.
    • (2005) Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids , vol.72 , pp. 279-288
    • Kuipers, R.S.1    Fokkema, M.R.2    Smit, E.N.3    van der Muelen, J.4    Boersma, E.R.5    Muskiet, F.A.J.6
  • 32
    • 28744450787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in Chinese and Swedish mothers: diet, breast milk and infant growth
    • Xiang M., Harbige L.S., Zetterstrom R. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in Chinese and Swedish mothers: diet, breast milk and infant growth. Acta Paediatr. 2005, 94:1543-1549.
    • (2005) Acta Paediatr. , vol.94 , pp. 1543-1549
    • Xiang, M.1    Harbige, L.S.2    Zetterstrom, R.3
  • 33
    • 33751249627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human milk fatty acid composition from nine countries varies most in DHA
    • Yuhas R., Pramuk K., Lien E.L. Human milk fatty acid composition from nine countries varies most in DHA. Lipids 2006, 41:851-858.
    • (2006) Lipids , vol.41 , pp. 851-858
    • Yuhas, R.1    Pramuk, K.2    Lien, E.L.3
  • 34
    • 6444244590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of essential fatty acid and n-3 fatty acid status by measurement of erythrocyte 20:3 n-9 (Mead acid), 22:5 n-6/20:4 n-6 and 22:5 n-6/22:6 n-3
    • Fokkema M.R., Smit E.N., Martini I.A., Woltil H.A., Boersma E.R., Muskiet F.A.J. Assessment of essential fatty acid and n-3 fatty acid status by measurement of erythrocyte 20:3 n-9 (Mead acid), 22:5 n-6/20:4 n-6 and 22:5 n-6/22:6 n-3. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids 2002, 67:345-356.
    • (2002) Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids , vol.67 , pp. 345-356
    • Fokkema, M.R.1    Smit, E.N.2    Martini, I.A.3    Woltil, H.A.4    Boersma, E.R.5    Muskiet, F.A.J.6
  • 35
    • 79958766432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intakes and breast-milk concentrations of essential fatty acids are low among Bangladeshi women with 24-48-month old children
    • Yakes E.A., Arsenault J.A., Islam M.M., et al. Intakes and breast-milk concentrations of essential fatty acids are low among Bangladeshi women with 24-48-month old children. Br. J. Nutr. 2011, 105:1660-1670.
    • (2011) Br. J. Nutr. , vol.105 , pp. 1660-1670
    • Yakes, E.A.1    Arsenault, J.A.2    Islam, M.M.3
  • 36
    • 40549087621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prenatal long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid status: the importance of a balanced intake of docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid
    • Hadders-Algra M. Prenatal long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid status: the importance of a balanced intake of docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid. J. Perinat. Med. 2008, 36:101-109.
    • (2008) J. Perinat. Med. , vol.36 , pp. 101-109
    • Hadders-Algra, M.1
  • 37
    • 38049162118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The roles of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in pregnancy, lactation and infancy: review of current knowledge and consensus recommendations
    • Koletzko B., Lien E., Agostoni C., et al. The roles of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in pregnancy, lactation and infancy: review of current knowledge and consensus recommendations. J. Perinat. Med. 2008, 36:5-14.
    • (2008) J. Perinat. Med. , vol.36 , pp. 5-14
    • Koletzko, B.1    Lien, E.2    Agostoni, C.3
  • 38
    • 70349282270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Background paper on fat and fatty acid requirements during pregnancy and lactation
    • Brenna J.T., Lapillonne A. Background paper on fat and fatty acid requirements during pregnancy and lactation. Ann. Nutr. Metab. 2009, 55:97-122.
    • (2009) Ann. Nutr. Metab. , vol.55 , pp. 97-122
    • Brenna, J.T.1    Lapillonne, A.2
  • 39
    • 0033958139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of docosahexanoic acid supplementation of lactating women on the fatty acid composition of breast milk lipids and maternal and infant plasma phospholipids
    • C.L. Jensen, M. Maude, R.E. Anderson, W.C. Heird, Effect of docosahexanoic acid supplementation of lactating women on the fatty acid composition of breast milk lipids and maternal and infant plasma phospholipids, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 71 (2000) 292S-299S.
    • (2000) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 292S-299S , vol.71
    • Jensen, C.L.1    Maude, M.2    Anderson, R.E.3    Heird, W.C.4
  • 40
    • 0033740084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fatty acid composition of the milk lipids of Fulani women and the serum phospholipids of their exclusively breastfed infants
    • VanderJagt D.J., Arndt C.D., Okolo S.N., Huang Y.S., Chuang L.T., Glew R.H. Fatty acid composition of the milk lipids of Fulani women and the serum phospholipids of their exclusively breastfed infants. Early Hum. Dev. 2000, 60:73-87.
    • (2000) Early Hum. Dev. , vol.60 , pp. 73-87
    • VanderJagt, D.J.1    Arndt, C.D.2    Okolo, S.N.3    Huang, Y.S.4    Chuang, L.T.5    Glew, R.H.6
  • 41
    • 77950866597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary intake and plasma concentrations of PUFA and LC-PUFA in breastfed and formula fed infants under real-life conditions
    • Schwartz J., Drossard C., Dube K., et al. Dietary intake and plasma concentrations of PUFA and LC-PUFA in breastfed and formula fed infants under real-life conditions. Eur. J. Nutr. 2010, 49:189-195.
    • (2010) Eur. J. Nutr. , vol.49 , pp. 189-195
    • Schwartz, J.1    Drossard, C.2    Dube, K.3
  • 42
    • 77950866597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dietary intake and plasma concentrations of PUFA and LC-PUFA in breastfed and formula fed infants under real-life conditions
    • Schwartz J., Drossard C., Dube K., et al. Dietary intake and plasma concentrations of PUFA and LC-PUFA in breastfed and formula fed infants under real-life conditions. Eur. J. Nutr. 2010, 49:189-195.
    • (2010) Eur. J. Nutr. , vol.49 , pp. 189-195
    • Schwartz, J.1    Drossard, C.2    Dube, K.3
  • 43
    • 84867173680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postnatal fish oil supplementation in high-risk infants to prevent allergy: randomized controlled trial
    • D'Vaz N., Meldrum S.J., Dunstan J.A., et al. Postnatal fish oil supplementation in high-risk infants to prevent allergy: randomized controlled trial. Pediatrics 2012, 130:674-682.
    • (2012) Pediatrics , vol.130 , pp. 674-682
    • D'Vaz, N.1    Meldrum, S.J.2    Dunstan, J.A.3
  • 44
    • 0037214197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Supplementing lactating women with flaxseed oil does not increase docosahexaenoic acid in their milk
    • Francois C.A., Connor S.L., Bolewicz L.C., Connor W.E. Supplementing lactating women with flaxseed oil does not increase docosahexaenoic acid in their milk. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2003, 77:226-233.
    • (2003) Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , vol.77 , pp. 226-233
    • Francois, C.A.1    Connor, S.L.2    Bolewicz, L.C.3    Connor, W.E.4
  • 45
    • 74249118054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biological variability of blood omega-3 biomarkers
    • Harris W.S., Thomas R.M. Biological variability of blood omega-3 biomarkers. Clin. Biochem. 2010, 43:338-340.
    • (2010) Clin. Biochem. , vol.43 , pp. 338-340
    • Harris, W.S.1    Thomas, R.M.2
  • 46
    • 84885020744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative effects of an acute dose of fish oil on omega-3 fatty acid levels in red blood cells versus plasma: implications for clinical utility
    • Harris W.S., Varvel S.A., Pottala J.V., Warnick G.R., McConnell J.P. Comparative effects of an acute dose of fish oil on omega-3 fatty acid levels in red blood cells versus plasma: implications for clinical utility. J. Clin. Lipid 2013, 7:433-440.
    • (2013) J. Clin. Lipid , vol.7 , pp. 433-440
    • Harris, W.S.1    Varvel, S.A.2    Pottala, J.V.3    Warnick, G.R.4    McConnell, J.P.5
  • 47
    • 84866733336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correcting the effects of -20°C storage and aliquot size on erythrocyte fatty acid content in the Women's Health Initiative
    • Pottala J.V., Espeland M.A., Polreis J., Robinson J.G., Harris W.S. Correcting the effects of -20°C storage and aliquot size on erythrocyte fatty acid content in the Women's Health Initiative. Lipids 2012, 47:835-846.
    • (2012) Lipids , vol.47 , pp. 835-846
    • Pottala, J.V.1    Espeland, M.A.2    Polreis, J.3    Robinson, J.G.4    Harris, W.S.5
  • 48
    • 84924881805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • available at:
    • World Health Organization, BMI Classification, 2006 available at: http://apps.who.int/bmi/index.jsp?introPage=intro_3.html.
    • (2006)


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.