A taxonomy of prospection: Introducing an organizational framework for future-oriented cognition

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Volumn 111, Issue 52, 2014, Pages 18414-18421

  Szpunar, Karl K ^a,b   Spreng, R Nathan ^c   Schacter, Daniel L ^a,b  

^a HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b HARVARD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c Department of Obstetrics Gynecology   (United States)

Author keywords

Intention; Planning; Prediction; Prospection; Simulation

Indexed keywords

ATTENTION; AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL MEMORY; BEHAVIOR; COGNITION; CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK; DELAY DISCOUNTING; EMOTION; EPISODIC MEMORY; FORECASTING; FUTUROLOGY; HUMAN; KNOWLEDGE; MEDICAL RESEARCH; MOTIVATION; MOTOR SYSTEM; ORGANIZATIONAL FRAMEWORK; ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE; PLANNING; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROCESS DEVELOPMENT; PROSPECTION; PROSPECTIVE MEMORY; REVIEW; SEMANTIC MEMORY; SIMULATION; TAXONOMY; THINKING; PHYSIOLOGY;

COGNITION; HUMANS; MEMORY, EPISODIC; THINKING;

EID: 84924302029     PISSN: 00278424     EISSN: 10916490     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1417144111     Document Type: Review

References (100)

1. Gilbert DT, Wilson TD (2007) Prospection: Experiencing the future. Science 317(5843):1351-1354.
2. Seligman MEP, Railton P, Baumeister RF, Sripada C (2013) Navigating into the future or driven by the past. Perspect Psychol Sci 8(2):119-141.
3. Schacter DL, et al. (2012) The future of memory: Remembering, imagining, and the brain. Neuron 76(4):677-694.
4. Szpunar KK (2010) Episodic future thought: An emerging concept. Perspect Psychol Sci 5(2):142-162.
5. Wilson TD, Gilbert DT (2005) Affective forecasting: Knowing what to want. Curr Dir Psychol Sci 14(3):131-134.
6. Gollwitzer PM (1999) Implementation intentions: Strong effects of simple plans. Am Psychol 54(7):493-503.
7. Spreng RN, Stevens WD, Chamberlain JP, Gilmore AW, Schacter DL (2010) Default network activity, coupled with the frontoparietal control network, supports goal-directed cognition. Neuroimage 53(1):303-317.
8. Buckner RL, Carroll DC (2007) Self-projection and the brain. Trends Cogn Sci 11(2):49-57.
9. Spreng RN, Levine B (2013) Doing what we imagine: Completion rates and frequency attributes of imagined future events one year after prospection. Memory 21(4):458-466.
10. Schacter DL (2012) Adaptive constructive processes and the future of memory. Am Psychol 67(8):603-613.
11. Atance CM, O'Neill DK (2001) Episodic future thinking. Trends Cogn Sci 5(12):533-539.
12. Suddendorf T, Corballis MC (2007) The evolution of foresight: What is mental time travel, and is it unique to humans? Behav Brain Sci 30(3):299-313.
13. Squire LR (2004) Memory systems of the brain: A brief history and current perspective. Neurobiol Learn Mem 82(3):171-177.
14. Tulving E (1985) Memory and consciousness. Can Psychol 26(1):1-12.
15. Renoult L, Davidson PSR, Palombo DJ, Moscovitch M, Levine B (2012) Personal semantics: At the crossroads of semantic and episodic memory. Trends Cogn Sci 16(11):550-558.
16. D'Argembeau A, Renaud O, Van der Linden M (2011) Frequency, characteristics, and functions of future-oriented thoughts in daily life. Appl Cogn Psychol 35(1):96-103.
17. Szpunar KK, Tulving E (2011) Varieties of future experience. Predictions in the Brain: Using Our Past to Generate a Future, ed Bar M (Oxford Univ Press, New York), pp 3-12.
18. Tulving E (2002) Episodic memory: From mind to brain. Annu Rev Psychol 53:1-25.
19. Rubin DC, Umanath S (2014) Event memory: A theory of memory for laboratory, autobiographical, and fictional events. Psychol Rev, in press.
20. Schacter DL, Addis DR (2007) The cognitive neuroscience of constructive memory: Remembering the past and imagining the future. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 362(1481):773-786.
21. Irish M, Piguet O (2013) The pivotal role of semantic memory in remembering the past and imagining the future. Front Behav Neurosci 7:27.
22. Klein SB (2013) The temporal orientation of memory: It's time for a change of direction. J Appl Res Mem Cogn 2(4):222-234.
23. Duval C, et al. (2012) What happens to personal identity when semantic knowledge degrades? A study of the self and autobiographical memory in semantic dementia. Neuropsychologia 50(2):254-265.
24. Ingvar DH (1979) "Hyperfrontal" distribution of the cerebral grey matter flow in resting wakefulness; on the functional anatomy of the conscious state. Acta Neurol Scand 60(1):12-25.
25. Taylor SE, Schneider SK (1989) Coping and the simulation of events. Soc Cogn 7(2):174-194.
26. Goldman AI (2006) Simulating Minds: The Philosophy, Psychology, and Neuroscience of Mindreading (Oxford Univ Press, New York).
27. Barsalou LW (2003) Situated simulation in the human conceptual system. Lang Cogn Process 18(5-6):513-562.
28. Hesslow G (2002) Conscious thought as simulation of behaviour and perception. Trends Cogn Sci 6(6):242-247.
29. Addis DR, Schacter DL (2012) The hippocampus and imagining the future: Where do we stand? Front Hum Neurosci 5:173.
30. Buckner RL (2010) The role of the hippocampus in prediction and imagination. Annu Rev Psychol 61:27-48.
31. Mullally SL, Maguire EA (2013) Memory, imagination, and predicting the future: A common brain mechanism? Neuroscientist 20(3):220-234.
32. De Brigard F, Addis DR, Ford JH, Schacter DL, Giovanello KS (2013) Remembering what could have happened: Neural correlates of episodic counterfactual thinking. Neuropsychologia 51(12):2401-2414.
33. Van Hoeck N, et al. (2013) Counterfactual thinking: An fMRI study on changing the past for a better future. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 8(5):556-564.
34. Schacter DL, Benoit RG, De Brigard F, Szpunar KK (2013) Episodic future thinking and episodic counterfactual thinking: Intersections between memory and decisions. Neurobiol Learn Mem, 10.1016/j.nlm.2013.12.008.
35. Klein SB, Loftus J, Kihlstrom JF (2002) Memory and temporal experience: The effects of episodic memory loss on an amnesic patient' s ability to remember the past and imagine the future. Soc Cogn 20(5):353-379.
36. Race E, Keane MM, Verfaellie M (2013) Losing sight of the future: Impaired semantic prospection following medial temporal lobe lesions. Hippocampus 23(4):268-277.
37. Manning L, Denkova E, Unterberger L (2013) Autobiographical significance in past and future public semantic memory: A case-study. Cortex 49(8):2007-2020.
38. Levine B, Svoboda E, Hay JF, Winocur G, Moscovitch M (2002) Aging and autobiographical memory: Dissociating episodic from semantic retrieval. Psychol Aging 17(4):677-689.
39. Addis DR, Wong AT, Schacter DL (2008) Age-related changes in the episodic simulation of future events. Psychol Sci 19(1):33-41.
40. Gaesser B, Sacchetti DC, Addis DR, Schacter DL (2011) Characterizing age-related changes in remembering the past and imagining the future. Psychol Aging 26(1):80-84.
41. Rendell PG, et al. (2012) Older adults have greater difficulty imagining future rather than atemporal experiences. Psychol Aging 27(4):1089-1098.
42. Madore KP, Gaesser B, Schacter DL (2014) Constructive episodic simulation: Dissociable effects of a specificity induction on remembering, imagining, and describing in young and older adults. J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn 40(3):609-622.
43. Bar M (2009) The proactive brain: Memory for predictions. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 364(1521):1235-1243.
44. Friston K, Kiebel S (2009) Predictive coding under the free-energy principle. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 364(1521):1211-1221.
45. Bar M (2007) The proactive brain: Using analogies and associations to generate predictions. Trends Cogn Sci 11(7):280-289.
46. Schultz W, Dayan P, Montague PR (1997) A neural substrate of prediction and reward. Science 275(5306):1593-1599.
47. Sherman SJ, Cialdini RB, Schwartzman DF, Reynolds KD (1985) Imagining can heighten or lower the perceived likelihood of contracting a disease: The mediating effect of ease of imagery. Pers Soc Psychol Bull 11(1):118-127.
48. Szpunar KK, Schacter DL (2013) Get real: Effects of repeated simulation and emotion on the perceived plausibility of future experiences. J Exp Psychol Gen 142(2):323-327.
49. Oettingen G, Mayer D (2002) The motivating function of thinking about the future: Expectations versus fantasies. J Pers Soc Psychol 83(5):1198-1212.
50. Oettigen G (2012) Future thought and behavior change. Eur Rev Soc Psychol 23(1):1-63.
51. Abraham A, Schubotz RI, von Cramon DY (2008) Thinking about the future versus the past in personal and non-personal contexts. Brain Res 1233:106-119.
52. Carroll JS (1978) The effect of imagining an event on expectations for the event: An interpretation in terms of the availability heuristic. J Exp Psychol 14(1):88-96.
53. Sevincer AT, Wagner G, Kalvelage J, Oettingen G (2014) Positive thinking about the future in newspaper reports and presidential addresses predicts economic downturn. Psychol Sci 25(4):1010-1017.
54. Gilbert DT, Pinel EC, Wilson TD, Blumberg SJ, Wheatley TP (1998) Immune neglect: A source of durability bias in affective forecasting. J Pers Soc Psychol 75(3):617-638.
55. Ryan TA (1970) Intentional Behavior (Ronald, New York).
56. Ajzen I (1991) The theory of planned behavior. Organ Behav Hum Decis Process 50(2):179-211.
57. Locke EA, Latham GP (2002) Building a practically useful theory of goal setting and task motivation. A 35-year odyssey. Am Psychol 57(9):705-717.
58. Kleigel M, McDaniel MA, Einstein GO (2008) Prospective Memory: Cognitive, Neuroscience, Developmental, and Applied Perspectives (Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, New York).
59. Brewer GA, Marsh RL (2010) On the role of episodic future simulation in encoding of prospective memories. Cogn Neurosci 1(2):81-88.
60. Neroni MA, Gamboz N, Brandimonte MA (2014) Does episodic future thinking improve prospective remembering? Conscious Cogn 23:53-62.
61. McDaniel MA, Howard DC, Butler KM (2008) Implementation intentions facilitate prospective memory under high attention demands. Mem Cognit 36(4):716-724.
62. O'Hora D, Maglieri KA (2006) Goal statements and goal-directed behavior: A relational frame account of goal setting in organizations. J Organ Behav Manage 26(1-2):131-170.
63. Thompson JD, McEwen WJ (1958) Organizational goals and environment: Goal-setting as an interaction process. Am Sociol Rev 23(1):23-31.
64. Hamel G, Prahalad CK (1989) To revitalize corporate performance, we need a whole new model of strategy. Strategic intent. Harv Bus Rev 67(3):63-76.
65. Hayes-Roth B, Hayes-Roth F (1979) A cognitive model of planning. Cogn Sci 3(4):275-310.
66. Mumford MD, Schultz RA, Van Doorn JR (2001) Performance in planning: Processes, requirements, and errors. Rev Gen Psychol 5(3):213-240.
67. Ward R, Morris G (2005) The Cognitive Psychology of Planning (Psychology Press, New York).
68. Shallice T (1982) Specific impairments of planning. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 298(1089):199-209.
69. Shallice T, Burgess PW (1991) Deficits in strategy application following frontal lobe damage in man. Brain 114(Pt 2):727-741.
70. Fortin S, Godbout L, Braun CMJ (2003) Cognitive structure of executive deficits in frontally lesioned head trauma patients performing activities of daily living. Cortex 39(2):273-291.
71. Spreng RN, Schacter DL (2012) Default network modulation and large-scale network interactivity in healthy young and old adults. Cereb Cortex 22(11):2610-2621.
72. Andrews-Hanna JR, Smallwood J, Spreng RN (2014) The default network and self-generated thought: Component processes, dynamic control, and clinical relevance. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1316:29-52.
73. Buckner RL, Andrews-Hanna JR, Schacter DL (2008) The brain's default network: Anatomy, function, and relevance to disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1124:1-38.
74. Vincent JL, Kahn I, Snyder AZ, Raichle ME, Buckner RL (2008) Evidence for a frontoparietal control system revealed by intrinsic functional connectivity. J Neurophysiol 100(6):3328-3342.
75. Burgess P, Simons JS, Coates LMA, Channon S (2005) The search for specific planning processes. The Cognitive Psychology of Planning, eds Morris R, Ward G (Psychology Press, New York), pp 199-227.
76. Blatstein IM (2012) Strategic planning: Predicting or shaping the future? Organ Dev J 30(2):31-38.
77. st century. Lancet 379(9831):2079-2108.
78. Goel V, Grafman J, Tajik J, Gana S, Danto D (1997) A study of the performance of patients with frontal lobe lesions in a financial planning task. Brain 120(Pt 10):1805-1822.
79. Wang M, Shi J (2014) Psychological research on retirement. Annu Rev Psychol 65:209-233.
80. Ellis J, Kvavilashvili L, Milne A (1999) Experimental tests of prospective remembering: The influence of cue-event frequency on performance. Br J Psychol 90(Pt 1):9-23.
81. Berryhill ME, Picasso L, Arnold R, Drowos D, Olson IR (2010) Similarities and differences between parietal and frontal patients in autobiographical and constructed experience tasks. Neuropsychologia 48(5):1385-1393.
82. MacLeod AK, Tata P, Kentish J, Jacobsen H (1997) Retrospective and prospective cognitions in anxiety and depression. Cogn Emot 11(4):467-479.
83. Osman M (2014) What are the essential cognitive requirements for prospection (thinking about the future)? Front Psychol 5:626.
84. de Vito S, et al. (2012) Future thinking in Parkinson's disease: An executive function? Neuropsychologia 50(7):1494-1501.
85. Hassabis D, Maguire EA (2007) Deconstructing episodic memory with construction. Trends Cogn Sci 11(7):299-306.
86. Benoit RG, Gilbert SJ, Burgess PW (2011) A neural mechanism mediating the impact of episodic prospection on farsighted decisions. J Neurosci 31(18):6771-6779.
87. Peters J, Büchel C (2010) Episodic future thinking reduces reward delay discounting through an enhancement of prefrontal-mediotemporal interactions. Neuron 66(1):138-148.
88. Gilovich TD, Griffin DW (2010) Judgment and decision making. Handbook of Social Psychology, eds Fiske ST, Gilbert DT, Gardner L (Wiley, New York), 5th Ed, Vol 1, pp 542-588.
89. Hastie R, Dawes RM (2009) Rational Choice in an Uncertain World: The Psychology of Judgment and Decision Making (Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA).
90. Zimbardo PG, Boyd JN (1999) Putting time in perspective: A valid, reliable individual-differences metric. J Pers Soc Psychol 77(6):1271-1288.
91. Scheier MF, Carver CS (1992) Effects of optimism on psychological and physical well-being: Theoretical overview and empirical update. Cognit Ther Res 16(2):201-228.
92. D'Argembeau A, Xue G, Lu ZL, Van der Linden M, Bechara A (2008) Neural correlates of envisioning emotional events in the near and far future. Neuroimage 40(1):398-407.
93. Jeannerod M, Frak V (1999) Mental imaging of motor activity in humans. Curr Opin Neurobiol 9(6):735-739.
94. Fuster JM (2001) The prefrontal cortex - an update: Time is of the essence. Neuron 30(2):319-333.
95. Jeannerod M (1994) The representing brain: Neural correlates of motor intention and imagery. Behav Brain Sci 17(2):187-245.
96. Wolpert DM, Flanagan JR (2001) Motor prediction. Curr Biol 11(18):R729-R732.
97. Soon CS, Brass M, Heinze HJ, Haynes JD (2008) Unconscious determinants of free decisions in the human brain. Nat Neurosci 11(5):543-545.
98. Jacob P, Jeannerod M (2005) The motor theory of social cognition: A critique. Trends Cogn Sci 9(1):21-25.
99. Osvath M, Martin-Ordas G (2014) The future of future-oriented cognition in non-humans: Theory and the empirical case of the great apes. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 369(1655):20130486.
100. Schacter DL, Addis DR, Buckner RL (2008) Episodic simulation of future events: Concepts, data, and applications. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1124:39-60.