Mating behaviour and sexual selection

Spider Behaviour: Flexibility and Versatility

Volumn , Issue , 2011, Pages 215-274

  Schneider, Jutta ^a   Andrade, Maydianne ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HAMBURG   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84924103894     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511974496.008     Document Type: Chapter

References (299)

1. Ahtiainen, J. J., Alatalo, R. V., Kortet, R. and Rantala, M. J. (2004). Sexual advertisement and immune function in an arachnid species (Lycosidae). Behavioral Ecology, 15, 602-606.
2. Aisenberg, A. and Costa, F. G. (2005). Females mated without sperm transfer maintain high sexual receptivity in the wolf spider Schizocosa malitiosa. Ethology, 111, 545-558.
3. Aisenberg, A. and Costa, F. G. (2008). Reproductive isolation and sex-role reversal in two sympatric sand-dwelling wolf spiders of the genus Allocosa. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 86, 648.
4. Aisenberg, A. and Eberhard, W. G. (2009). Female cooperation in plug formation in a spider: effects of male copulatory courtship. Behavioral Ecology, 20, 1236-1241.
5. Aisenberg, A., Baruffaldi, L. and González, M. (2010). Behavioural evidence of male volatile pheromones in the sex-role reversed wolf spiders Allocosa brasiliensis and Allocosa alticeps. Naturwissenschaften, 97, 63-70.
6. Aisenberg, A., Estramil, N., Gonzalez, M., Toscano-Gadea, C. A. and Costa, F. G. (2008). Silk release by copulating Schizocosa malitiosa males (Araneae, Lycosidae): a bridal veil? Journal of Arachnology, 36, 204-206.
7. Aisenberg, A., González, M., Laborda, Á., Postiglioni, R. and Simó, M. (2009). Reversed cannibalism, foraging, and surface activities of Allocosa alticeps and Allocosa brasiliensis: two wolf spiders from coastal sand dunes. Journal of Arachnology, 37, 135-138.
8. Alatalo, R. V., Kotiaho, J., Mappes, J. and Parri, S. (1998). Mate choice for offspring performance: Major benefits or minor costs? Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B, 265, 2297-2301.
9. Anava, A. and Lubin, Y. (1993). Presence of gender cues in the web of a widow spider, Latrodectus revivensis, and a description of courtship behaviour. Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society, 9, 119-122.
10. Andersen, T., Bollerup, K., Toft, S. and Bilde, T. (2008). Why do males of the spider Pisaura mirabilis wrap their nuptial gifts in silk: female preference or male control? Ethology, 114, 775-781.
11. Anderson, J. T. and Morse, D. H. (2001). Pick-up lines: cues used by male crab spiders to find reproductive females. Behavioral Ecology, 12, 360-366.
12. Andersson, M. (1994). Sexual Selection. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
13. Andrade, M. C. B. (1996). Sexual selection for male sacrifice in the Australian redback spider. Science, 271, 70-72.
14. Andrade, M. C. B. (2003). Risky mate search and male self-sacrifice in redback spiders. Behavioral Ecology, 14, 531-538.
15. Andrade, M. C. B. and Banta, E. M. (2002). Value of male remating and functional sterility in redback spiders. Animal Behaviour, 63, 857-870.
16. Andrade, M. C. B. and Kasumovic, M. M. (2005). Terminal investment strategies and male mate choice: Extreme tests of Bateman. Integrative and Comparative Biology, 45, 838-847.
17. Andrade, M. C. B., Gu, L. and Stoltz, J. A. (2005). Novel male trait prolongs survival in suicidal mating. Biology Letters, 1, 276-279.
18. Arnqvist, G. and Henriksson, S. (1997). Sexual cannibalism in the fishing spider and a model for the evolution of sexual cannibalism based on genetic constraints. Evolutionary Ecology, 11, 255-273.
19. Arnqvist, G. and Nilsson, T. (2000). The evolution of polyandry: multiple mating and female fitness in insects. Animal Behaviour, 60, 145-164.
20. Arnqvist, G. and Rowe, L. (2005). Sexual Conflict, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
21. Austad, S. N. (1982). 1st male sperm priority in the bowl and doily spider, Frontinella pyramitela (Walckenaer). Evolution, 36, 777-785.
22. Austad, S. N. (1983). A game theoretical interpretation of male combat in the bowl and doily spider (Frontinella pyramitela). Animal Behaviour, 31, 59-73.
23. Austad, S. N. (1984). Evolution of Sperm Priority Patterns in Spiders, London: Academic Press.
24. Avilés, L. (1997). Causes and consequences of cooperation and permanent-sociality in spiders. In Evolution of Social Behaviour in Insects and Arachnids (ed. J. Choe and B. Crespi). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
25. Barth, F. G. and Schmitt, A. (1991). Species recognition and species isolation in wandering spiders (Cupiennius spp.; Ctenidae). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 29, 333-339.
26. Baruffaldi, L. and Costa, F. (2010). Changes in male sexual responses from silk cues of females at different reproductive states in the wolf spider Schizocosa malitiosa. Journal of Ethology, 28, 75-85.
27. Bateman, A. J. (1948). Intra-sexual selection in Drosophila. Heredity, 2, 349-368.
28. Becker, E., Riechert, S. and Singer, F. (2005). Male induction of female quiescence/catalepsis during courtship in the spider, Agelenopsis aperta. Behaviour, 142, 57-70.
29. Bel-Venner, M. C. and Venner, S. (2006). Mate-guarding strategies and male competitive ability in an orb-weaving spider: results from a field study. Animal Behaviour, 71, 1315-1322.
30. Bel-Venner, M. C., Dray, S., Allaine, D., Menu, F. and Venner, S. (2008). Unexpected male choosiness for mates in a spider. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B, 275, 77-82.
31. Berendonck, B. and Greven, H. (2005). Genital structures in the entelegyne widow spider Latrodectus revivensis (Arachnida; Araneae; Theridiidae) indicate a low ability for cryptic female choice by sperm manipulation. Journal of Morphology, 263, 118-132.
32. Bilde, T., Lubin, Y., Smith, D., Schneider, J. M. and Maklakov, A. A. (2005). The transition to social inbred mating systems in spiders: role of inbreeding tolerance in a subsocial predecessor. Evolution, 59, 160-174.
33. Bilde, T., Maklakov, A. A. and Schilling, N. (2007a). Inbreeding avoidance in spiders: evidence for rescue effect in fecundity of female spiders with outbreeding opportunity. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 20, 1237-1242.
34. Bilde, T., Tuni, C., Elsayed, R., Pekar, S. and Toft, S. (2006). Death feigning in the face of sexual cannibalism. Biology Letters, 2, 23-25.
35. Bilde, T., Tuni, C., Elsayed, R., Pekar, S. and Toft, S. (2007b). Nuptial gifts of male spiders: sensory exploitation of the female's maternal care instinct or foraging motivation? Animal Behaviour, 73, 267-273.
36. Birkhead, T. R. (1998). Cryptic female choice: criteria for establishing female sperm choice. Evolution, 52, 1212-1218.
37. Bonduriansky, R. (2001). The evolution of male mate choice in insects: a synthesis of ideas and evidence. Biological Reviews, 76, 305-339.
38. Bonte, D., Van Belle, S. and Maelfait, J. P. (2007). Maternal care and reproductive state-dependent mobility determine natal dispersal in a wolf spider. Animal Behaviour, 74, 63-69.
39. Boorman, E. and Parker, G. A. (1976). Sperm (ejaculate) competition in Drosophila melanogaster, and reproductive value of females to males in relation to female age and mating status. Ecological Entomology, 1, 145-155.
40. Bradbury, J. W. and Vehrencamp, S. L. (2000). Economic models of animal communication. Animal Behaviour, 59, 259-268.
41. Bridge, A. P., Elwood, R. W. and Dick, J. T. A. (2000). Imperfect assessment and limited information preclude optimal strategies in male-male fights in the orb-weaving spider Metellina mengei. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B, 267, 273-279.
42. Bristowe, W. S. (1958). The World of Spiders. London: Collins.
43. Bukowski, T. C. and Avilés, L. (2002). Asynchronous maturation of the sexes may limit close inbreeding in a subsocial spider. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 80, 193-198.
44. Bukowski, T. C. and Christenson, T. E. (1997). Determinants of sperm release and storage in a spiny orbweaving spider. Animal Behaviour, 53, 381-395.
45. Bukowski, T. C., Linn, C. D. and Christenson, T. E. (2001). Copulation and sperm release in Gasteracantha cancriformis (Araneae: Araneidae): differential male behaviour based on female mating history. Animal Behaviour, 62, 887-895.
46. Burger, M. (2007). Sperm dumping in a haplogyne spider. Journal of Zoology, 273, 74-81.
47. Burger, M., Michalik, P., Graber, W., et al (2006). Complex genital system of a haplogyne spider (Arachnida, Araneae, Tetrablemmidae) indicates internal fertilization and full female control over transferred sperm. Journal of Morphology, 267, 166-186.
48. Burger, M., Nentwig, W. and Kropf, C. (2003). Complex genital structures indicate cryptic female choice in a haplogyne spider (Arachnida, Araneae, Oonopidae, Gamasomorphinae). Journal of Morphology, 255, 80-93.
49. Buston, P. and Emlen, S. (2003). Cognitive processes underlying human mate choice: the relationship between self-perception and mate preference in Western society. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, 100, 8805-8810.
50. Catley, K. (1993). Courtship, mating and post-oviposition behaviour of Hypochilus pococki Platnick (Araneae, Hypochilidae). Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 33, 469-474.
51. Chapman, T. (2006). Evolutionary conflicts of interest between males and females. Current Biology, 16, R744-R754.
52. Chapman, T., Liddle, L. F., Kalb, J. M., Wolfner, M. F. and Partridge, L. (1995). Cost of mating in Drosophila melanogaster females is mediated by male accessory-gland products. Nature, 373, 241-244.
53. Chinta, S. P., Goller, S., Lux, J., et al. (2010). The sex pheromone of the wasp spider Argiope bruennichi. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 49, 2033-2036.
54. Christenson, T. E. and Goist, K. C. (1979). Costs and benefits of male-male competition in the orb-weaving spider Nephila clavipes. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 5, 87-92.
55. Clark, D. L. and Biesiadecki, B. (2002). Mating success and alternative reproductive strategies of the dimorphic jumping spider, Maevia inclemens (Araneae, Salticidae). Journal of Arachnology, 30, 511-518.
56. Clark, D. L. and Morjan, C. L. (2001). Attracting female attention: the evolution of dimorphic courtship displays in the jumping spider Maevia inclemens (Araneae: Salticidae). Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B, 268, 2461-2465.
57. Clark, D. L. and Uetz, G. W. (1992). Morph-independent mate selection in a dimorphic jumping spider: demonstration of movement bias in female choice using video-controlled courtship behavior. Animal Behaviour, 43, 247-254.
58. Clark, D. L. and Uetz, G. W. (1993). Signal efficacy and the evolution of male dimorphism in the jumping spider, Maevia inclemens. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, 90, 11 954-11 957.
59. Cornell, S. J. and Tregenza, T. (2007). A new theory for the evolution of polyandry as a means of inbreeding avoidance. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B, 274, 2873-2879.
60. Costa, F. G. and Pérez-Miles, F. (1998). Behavior, life cycle and webs of Mecicobothrium thorelli (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Mecicobothriidae). Journal of Arachnology, 26, 317-329.
61. Costa-Schmidt, L. E., Carico, J. E. and De Araujo, A. M. (2008). Nuptial gifts and sexual behavior in two species of spider (Araneae, Trechaleidae, Paratrechalea). Naturwissenschaften, 95, 731-739.
62. Cross, F., Jackson, R. R., Pollard, S. D. and Walker, M. (2007a). Cross-modality effects during male-male interactions of jumping spiders. Behavioural Processes, 75, 290-296.
63. Cross, F. R., Jackson, R. R. and Pollard, S. D. (2007b). Male and female mate-choice decisions by Evarcha culicivora, an East African jumping spider. Ethology, 113, 901-908.
64. Davies, N. B. and Halliday, T. M. (1979). Competitive mate searching in male common toads, Bufo bufo. Animal Behaviour, 27, 1253-1267.
65. DeCarvalho, T. N., Watson, P. J. and Field, S. A. (2004). Costs increase as ritualized fighting progresses within and between phases in the sierra dome spider, Neriene litigiosa. Animal Behaviour, 68, 473-482.
66. Dodson, G. N. and Beck, M. W. (1993). Pre-copulatory guarding of penultimate females by male crab spiders, Misumenoides formosipes. Animal Behaviour, 46, 951-959.
67. Dodson, G. N. and Schwaab, A. T. (2001). Body size, leg autotomy, and prior experience as factors in the fighting success of male crab spiders, Misumenoides formosipes. Journal of Insect Behavior, 14, 841-855.
68. Drengsgaard, I. L. and Toft, S. (1999). Sperm competition in a nuptial feeding spider, Pisaura mirabilis. Behaviour, 136, 877-897.
69. Eberhard, W. G. (1996). Female Control: Sexual Selection by Cryptic Female Choice. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
70. Eberhard, W. G. (1998). Female roles in sperm competition. In Sperm Competition and Sexual Selection (ed. T. R. Birkhead and A. P. Moller). London: Academic Press.
71. Eberhard, W. G. (2000). Criteria for demonstrating postcopulatory female choice. Evolution, 54, 1047-1050.
72. Eberhard, W. G. (2004). Why study spider sex: special traits of spiders facilitate studies of sperm competition and cryptic female choice. Journal of Arachnology, 32, 545-556.
73. Eberhard, W. G. and Huber, B. A. (2010) Spider genitalia: precise maneuvers with a numb structure in a complex lock. In Evolution of Primary Sexual Characters in Animals (ed. J. Leonard and A. Córdoba-Aguilar). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
74. Elgar, M. A. (1992). Sexual cannibalism in spiders and other invertebrates. In Cannibalism: Ecology and Evolution among Diverse Taxa (ed. M. A. Elgar and B. J. Crespi). New York: Oxford University Press.
75. Elgar, M. A. (1998). Sperm competition and sexual selection in spiders and other arachnids. In Sperm Competition and Sexual Selection (ed. T. R. Birkhead and A. P. Moller). London: Academic Press.
76. Elgar, M. A. and Bathgate, R. (1996). Female receptivity and male mate-guarding in the jewel spider Gasteracantha minax Thorell (Araneidae). Journal of Insect Behavior, 9, 729-738.
77. Elgar, M. A. and Fahey, B. F. (1996). Sexual cannibalism, competition, and size dimorphism in the orb-weaving spider Nephila plumipes Latreille (Araneae: Araneoidea). Behavioral Ecology, 7, 195-198.
78. Elgar, M. A. and Jones, T. M. (2008). Size-dependent mating strategies and the risk of cannibalism. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 94, 355-363.
79. Elgar, M. A. and Schneider, J. M. (2004). Evolutionary significance of sexual cannibalism. Advances in the Study of Behavior, 34, 135-163.
80. Elgar, M. A., de Crespigny, F. E. C. and Ramamurthy, S. (2003). Male copulation behaviour and the risk of sperm competition. Animal Behaviour, 66, 211-216.
81. Elgar, M. A., Schneider, J. M. and Herberstein, M. E. (2000). Female control of paternity in the sexually cannibalistic spider Argiope keyserlingi. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B, 267, 2439-2443.
82. Elias, D. O., Hebets, E. A., Hoy, R. R., Maddison, W. P. and Mason, A. C. (2007). Regional seismic song differences in Sky Island populations of the jumping spider Habronattus pugillis Griswold (Araneae, Salticidae). Journal of Arachnology, 34, 545-556.
83. Elias, D. O., Hebets, E. A., Hoy, R. R. and Mason, A. C. (2005). Seismic signals are crucial for male mating success in a visual specialist jumping spider (Araneae: Salticidae). Animal Behaviour, 69, 931-938.
84. Elias, D. O., Kasumovic, M. M., Andrade, M. C. B., Mason, A. C. and Punzalan, D. (2008a). Assessment during aggressive contests between male jumping spiders. Animal Behaviour, 76, 901-910.
85. Elias, D. O., Kasumovic, M. M., Punzalan, D., Andrade, M. C. B. and Mason, A. C. (2008b). Assessment during aggressive contests between male jumping spiders. Animal Behaviour, 76, 901-910.
86. Elias, D. O., Mason, A. C. and Hoy, R. R. (2004). The effect of substrate on the efficacy of seismic courtship signal transmission in the jumping spider Habronattus dossenus (Araneae: Salticidae). Journal of Experimental Biology, 207, 4105-4110.
87. Elias, D. O., Mason, A. C., Maddison, W. P. and Hoy, R. R. (2003). Seismic signals in a courting male jumping spider (Araneae: Salticidae). Journal of Experimental Biology, 206, 4029-4039.
88. Enquist, M. and Leimar, O. (1983). Evolution of fighting behaviour: decision rules and the assessment of relative strength. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 102, 387-410.
89. Enquist, M. and Leimar, O. (1987). Evolution of fighting behaviour: the effect of variation in resource value. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 127, 187-205.
90. Enquist, M. and Leimar, O. (1990). The evolution of fatal fighting. Animal Behaviour, 39, 1-9.
91. Erez, T., Schneider, J. M. and Lubin, Y. (2005). Is male cohabitation costly for females of the spider Stegodyphus lineatus (Eresidae)? Ethology, 111, 693-704.
92. Estramil, N. and Costa, F. G. (2007). Female sexual receptivity after partial copulations in the wolf spider (Schizocosa malitiosa). Journal of Zoology, 271, 148-153.
93. Foelix, R. F. (1996). Biology of Spiders. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
94. Foellmer, M. and Moya-Larano, J. (2007). Sexual size dimorphism in spiders: patterns and processes. In Sex, Size and Gender Roles: Evolutionary Studies of Sexual Size Dimorphism (ed. D. J. Fairbairn, W. Blanckenhorn and T. Székely). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
95. Foellmer, M. W. (2008). Broken genitals function as mating plugs and affect sex ratios in the orb-web spider Argiope aurantia. Evolutionary Ecology Research, 10, 449-462.
96. Foellmer, M. W. and Fairbairn, D. J. (2003). Spontaneous male death during copulation in an orb-weaving spider. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B, 270, S183-S185.
97. Foellmer, M. W. and Fairbairn, D. J. (2004). Males under attack: sexual cannibalism and its consequences for male morphology and behaviour in an orb-weaving spider. Evolutionary Ecology Research, 6, 163-181.
98. Foellmer, M. W. and Fairbairn, D. J. (2005). Competing dwarf males: sexual selection in an orb-weaving spider. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 18, 629-641.
99. Forster, L. M. (1992). The sterotyped behaviour of sexual cannibalism in Lactrodectus hasselti Thorell (Araneae, Theridiidae), the Australian redback spider. Australian Journal of Zoology, 40, 1-11.
100. Forster, L. M. (1995). The behavioral ecology of Latrodectus hasselti (Thorell), the Australian redback spider (Araneae: Theridiidae): A review. Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement, 52, 13-24.
101. Fromhage, L., Jacobs, K. and Schneider, J. M. (2007). Monogynous mating behaviour and its ecological basis in the golden orb spider Nephila fenestrata. Ethology, 113, 813-820.
102. Fromhage, L., McNamara, J. M. and Houston, A. I. (2008). A model for the evolutionary maintenance of monogyny in spiders. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 250, 524-531.
103. Fromhage, L. and Schneider, J. M. (2005a). Safer sex with feeding females: sexual conflict in a cannibalistic spider. Behavioral Ecology, 16, 377-382.
104. Fromhage, L. and Schneider, J. M. (2005b). Virgin doves and mated hawks: contest behaviour in a spider. Animal Behaviour, 70, 1099-1104.
105. Fromhage, L. and Schneider, J. M. (2006). Emasculation to plug up females: the significance of pedipalp damage in Nephila fenestrata. Behavioral Ecology, 17, 353-357.
106. Fromhage, L., Elgar, M. A. and Schneider, J. M. (2005). Faithful without care: the evolution of monogyny. Evolution, 59, 1400-1405.
107. Gaskett, A. C. (2007). Spider sex pheromones: emission, reception, structures, and functions. Biological Reviews, 82, 26-48.
108. Gaskett, A. C., Herberstein, M. E., Downes, B. J. and Elgar, M. A. (2004). Changes in male mate choice in a sexually cannibalistic orb-web spider (Araneae: Araneidae). Behaviour, 141, 1197-1210.
109. Hack, M. A., Thompson, D. J. and Fernandes, D. M. (1997). Fighting in males of the autumn spider, Metellina segmentata: effects of relative body size, prior residency and female value on contest outcome and duration. Ethology, 103, 488-498.
110. Hammer, O. (1941). Biological and ecological investigations on flies associated with pasturing cattle and their excrement. Videnskabelige Meddelser Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening, 105, 1-257.
111. Hansen, L. S., Gonzalez, S. F., Toft, S. and Bilde, T. (2008). Thanatosis as an adaptive male mating strategy in the nuptial gift-giving spider Pisaura mirabilis. Behavioral Ecology, 19, 546-551.
112. Harari, A., Ziv, M. and Lubin, Y. (2009). Conflict or cooperation in the courtship display of the white widow spider, Latrodectus pallidus. Journal of Arachnology, 37, 254-260.
113. Hebets, E. A. (2003). Subadult experience influences adult mate choice in an arthropod: exposed female wolf spiders prefer males of a familiar phenotype. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, 100, 13 390-13 395.
114. Hebets, E. A. and Uetz, G. W. (2000). Leg ornamentation and the efficacy of courtship display in four species of wolf spider (Araneae: Lycosidae). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 47, 280-286.
115. Hebets, E. A. and Vink, C. J. (2007). Experience leads to preference: Experienced females prefer brush-legged males in a population of syntopic wolf spiders. Behavioral Ecology, 18, 1010-1020.
116. Hebets, E. A., Elias, D. O., Mason, A. C., Miller, G. L. and Stratton, G. E. (2008a). Substrate-dependent signalling success in the wolf spider, Schizocosa retrorsa. Animal Behaviour, 75, 605-615.
117. Hebets, E. A., Wesson, J. and Shamble, P. S. (2008b). Diet influences mate choice selectivity in adult female wolf spiders. Animal Behaviour, 76, 355-363.
118. Hedrick, A. V. (1988). Female choice and the heritability of attractive male traits: an empirical study. American Naturalist, 132, 267.
119. Herberstein, M. E., Barry, K. L., Turoczy, M. A., et al (2005a). Post-copulation mate guarding in the sexually cannibalistic St Andrew's Cross spider (Araneae, Araneidae). Ethology, Ecology and Evolution, 17, 17-26.
120. Herberstein, M. E., Gaskett, A. C., Schneider, J. M., et al (2005b). Limits to male copulation frequency: sexual cannibalism and sterility in St Andrew's Cross spiders (Araneae, Araneidae). Ethology, 111, 1050-1061.
121. Herberstein, M. E., Schneider, J. M. and Elgar, M. A. (2002). Costs of courtship and mating in a sexually cannibalistic orb-web spider: female mating strategies and their consequences for males. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 51, 440-446.
122. Hoefler, C. D. (2002). Is contest experience a trump card? The interaction of residency status, experience, and body size on fighting success in Misumenoides formosipes (Araneae: Thomisidae). Journal of Insect Behavior, 15, 779-790.
123. Hoefler, C. D. (2007). Male mate choice and size-assortative pairing in a jumping spider, Phidippus clarus. Animal Behaviour, 73, 943-954.
124. Hoefler, C. D. (2008). The costs of male courtship and potential benefits of male choice for large mates in Phidippus clarus (Araneae, Salticidae). Journal of Arachnology, 36, 210-212.
125. Hosken, D. J., Stockley, P., Tregenza, T. and Wedell, N. (2009). Monogamy and the battle of the sexes. Annual Review of Entomology, 54, 361-378.
126. Hsu, Y. and Wolf, L. L. (2001). The winner and loser effect: what fighting behaviours are influenced? Animal Behaviour, 61, 777-786.
127. Hsu, Y., Earley, R. L. and Wolf, L. L. (2006). Modulation of aggressive behaviour by fighting experience: Mechanisms and contest outcomes. Biological Reviews, 81, 33-74.
128. Huber, B. A. (2003). Rapid evolution and species-specificity of arthropod genitalia: fact or artifact? Organisms Diversity and Evolution, 3, 63-71.
129. Huber, B. A. (2005). Sexual selection research on spiders: progress and biases. Biological Reviews, 80, 363-385.
130. Huber, B. A. and Eberhard, W. G. (1997). Courtship, copulation, and genital mechanics in Physocyclus globosus (Araneae, Pholcidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 75, 905-918.
131. Jackson, R. R. (1978). An analysis of alternative mating tactics of the jumping spider Phidippus johnsoni (Araneae, Salticidae). Journal of Arachnology, 5, 185-230.
132. Jackson, R. R. (1981). Relationship between reproductive security and intersexual selection in a jumping spider Phidippus johnsoni (Araneae, Salticidae). Evolution, 35, 601-604.
133. Jackson, R. R. (1983). The biology of Mopsus mormon, a jumping spider (Araneae: Salticidae) from Queensland: intraspecific interactions. Australian Journal of Zoology, 31, 39-53.
134. Jackson, R. R. (1986). The display behaviour of Cyllobelus rufopictus (Simon) (Araneae, Salticidae), a jumping spider from Kenya. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 13, 27-43.
135. Jackson, R. R. (1997). Jumping spider mating strategies: sex among cannibals in and out of webs. In Evolution of Mating Systems in Insects and Arachnids (ed. J. Choe and B. Crespi). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
136. Jackson, R. R. and Cooper, K. J. (1991). The influence of body size and prior residency on the outcome of male-male interactions of Marpissa marina, a New-Zealand jumping spider (Araneae, Salticidae). Ethology, Ecology and Evolution, 3, 79-82.
137. Jackson, R. R. and Macnab, A. M. (1989a). Display behaviour of Corythalia canosa, an ant-eating jumping spider (Araneae: Salticidae) from Florida. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 16, 169-183.
138. Jackson, R. R. and Macnab, A. M. (1989b). Display, mating, and predatory behaviour of the jumping spider Plexippus paykulli (Araneae: Salticidae). New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 16, 151-168.
139. Jackson, R. R. and Pollard, S. D. (1990). Intraspecific interactions and the function of courtship in mygalomorph spiders: a study of Porrhothele antipodiana (Araneae, Hexathelidae) and a literature-review. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 17, 499-526.
140. Jackson, R. R., Walker, M. W., Pollard, S. D. and Cross, F. R. (2006). Influence of seeing a female on the male-male interactions of a jumping spider, Hypoblemum albovittatum. Journal of Ethology, 24, 231-238.
141. Jerhot, E., Stoltz, J. A., Andrade, M. C. B. and Schulz, S. (2010). Acylated serine derivatives: a unique class of arthropod pheromones of the Australian redback spider, Latrodectus hasselti. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 49, 1-5.
142. Jiao, X., Wu, J., Chen, Z., Chen, J. and Liu, F. (2009). Effects of temperature on courtship and copulatory behaviours of a wolf spider Pardosa astrigera (Araneae: Lycosidae). Journal of Thermal Biology, 34, 348-352.
143. Johannesen, J. and Lubin, Y. (2001). Evidence for kin-structured group founding and limited juvenile dispersal in the sub-social spider Stegodyphus lineatus (Araneae, Eresidae). Journal of Arachnology, 29, 413-422.
144. Johansson, B. G. and Jones, T. M. (2007). The role of chemical communication in mate choice. Biological Reviews, 82, 265-289.
145. Johnson, J. C. (2005a). Cohabitation of juvenile females with mature males promotes sexual cannibalism in fishing spiders. Behavioral Ecology, 16, 269-273.
146. Johnson, J. C. (2005b). The role of body size in mating interactions of the sexually cannibalistic fishing spider Dolomedes triton. Ethology, 111, 51-61.
147. Johnson, J. C. and Sih, A. (2005). Precopulatory sexual cannibalism in fishing spiders (Dolomedes triton): a role for behavioral syndromes. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 58, 390-396.
148. Johnson, J. C. and Sih, A. (2007). Fear, food, sex and parental care: a syndrome of boldness in the fishing spider, Dolomedes triton. Animal Behaviour, 74, 1131-1138.
149. Johnson, S. A. and Jakob, E. M. (1999). Leg autotomy in a spider has minimal costs in competitive ability and development. Animal Behaviour, 57, 957-965.
150. Jones, T. M. and Elgar, M. A. (2008). Male insemination decisions and sperm quality influence paternity in the golden orb-weaving spider. Behavioral Ecology, 19, 285-291.
151. Kaston, B. J. (1970). Comparative biology of American black widow spiders. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History, 16, 33-82.
152. Kasumovic, M. M. and Andrade, M. C. B. (2004). Discrimination of airborne pheromones by mate-searching male western black widow spiders (Latrodectus hesperus): species- and population-specific responses. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 82, 1027-1034.
153. Kasumovic, M. M. and Andrade, M. C. B. (2006). Male development tracks rapidly shifting sexual versus natural selection pressures. Current Biology, 16, R242-R243.
154. Kasumovic, M. M. and Andrade, M. C. B. (2009). A change in competitive context reverses sexual selection on male size. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 22, 324-333.
155. Kasumovic, M. M., Bruce, M. J., Andrade, M. C. B. and Herberstein, M. E. (2008). Spatial and temporal demographic variation drives within-season fluctuations in sexual selection. Evolution: International Journal of Organic Evolution, 62, 2316-2325.
156. Kasumovic, M. M., Elias, D. O., Punzalan, D., Mason, A. C. and Andrade, M. C. B. (2009). Experience affects the outcome of agonistic contests without affecting the selective advantage of size. Animal Behaviour, 77, 1533-1538.
157. Kasumovic, M. M., Elias, D. O., Sivalinghem, S., Mason, A. C. and Andrade, M. C. B. (2010). Examination of prior contest experience and the retention of winner and loser effects. Behavioral Ecology, 21, 404-409.
158. Kindle, T., Johnson, K., Ivy, T., Weddle, C. and Sakaluk, S. (2006). Female mating frequency increases with temperature in two cricket species, Gryllodes sigillatus and Acheta domesticus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 84, 1345-1350.
159. Knipling, E. F. (1955). Possibilities of insect control or eradication through the use of sexually sterile males. Journal of Economic Entomology, 48, 459-462.
160. Knoflach, B. (1998). Mating in Theridion varians Hahn and related species (Araneae: Theridiidae). Journal of Natural History, 32, 545-604.
161. Knoflach, B. and Benjamin, S. P. (2003). Mating without sexual cannibalism in Tidarren sisyphoides (Araneae, Theridiidae). Journal of Arachnology, 31, 445-448.
162. Knoflach, B. and Van Harten, A. (2000). Palpal loss, single palp copulation and obligatory mate consumption in Tidarren cuneolatum (Tullgren, 1910) (Araneae, Theridiidae). Journal of Natural History, 34, 1639-1659.
163. Kokko, H. and Jennions, M. D. (2008). Parental investment, sexual selection and sex ratios. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 21, 919-948.
164. Kotiaho, J., Alatalo, R. V., Mappes, J. and Parri, S. (1996). Sexual selection in a wolf spider: male drumming activity, body size, and viability. Evolution, 50, 1977-1981.
165. Kotiaho, J. S. (2000). Testing the assumptions of conditional handicap theory: costs and condition dependence of a sexually selected trait. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 48, 188-194.
166. Kotiaho, J. S. and Puurtinen, M. (2007). Mate choice for indirect genetic benefits: scrutiny of the current paradigm. Functional Ecology, 21, 638-644.
167. Kotiaho, J. S., Alatalo, R. V., Mappes, J. and Parri, S. (1999a). Honesty of agonistic signalling and effects of size and motivation asymmetry in contests. Acta Ethologica, 2, 0013-0021.
168. Kotiaho, J. S., Alatalo, R. V., Mappes, J. and Parri, S. (1999b). Sexual signalling and viability in a wolf spider (Hygrolycosa rubrofasciata): measurements under laboratory and field conditions. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 46, 123-128.
169. Kotiaho, J. S., Alatalo, R. V., Mappes, J. and Parri, S. (2004). Adaptive significance of synchronous chorusing in an acoustically signalling wolf spider. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B, 271, 1847-1850.
170. Kuntner, M., Coddington, J. A. and Hormiga, G. (2008). Phylogeny of extant nephilid orb-weaving spiders (Araneae, Nephilidae): testing morphological and ethological homologies. Cladistics, 24, 147-217.
171. Kuntner, M., Coddington, J. A. and Schneider, J. M. (2009a). Intersexual arms race? Genital coevolution in nephilid spiders (Araneae, Nephilidae). Evolution, 63, 1451-1463.
172. Kuntner, M., Kralj-Fiser, S., Schneider, J. M. and Li, D. (2009b). Mate plugging via genital mutilation in nephilid spiders: an evolutionary hypothesis. Journal of Zoology, 277, 257-266.
173. Lang, A. (1996). Silk investment in gifts by males of the nuptial feeding spider Pisaura mirabilis (Araneae: Pisauridae). Behaviour, 133, 697-716.
174. Leimar, O., Austad, S. and Enquist, M. (1991). A test of the sequential assessment game - fighting in the bowl and doily spider Frontinella pyramitela. Evolution, 45, 862-874.
175. Li, D. and Kuan, J. Y. X. (2006). Natal dispersal and breeding dispersal of a subsocial spitting spider (Scytodes pallida) (Araneae: Scytodidae), from Singapore. Journal of Zoology, 268, 121-126.
176. Linn, C. D., Molina, Y., Difatta, J. and Christenson, T. E. (2007). The adaptive advantage of prolonged mating: a test of alternative hypotheses. Animal Behaviour, 74, 481-485.
177. Maddison, W. and Hedin, M. (2003). Phylogeny of Habronattus jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae), with consideration of genital and courtship evolution. Systematic Entomology, 28, 1-21.
178. Maddison, W. P. and Stratton, G. E. (1988). Sound production and associated morphology in male jumping spiders of the Habronattus agilis species group (Araneae, Salticidae). Journal of Arachnology, 16, 199-211.
179. Maklakov, A. A. and Lubin, Y. (2004). Sexual conflict over mating in a spider: increased fecundity does not compensate for the costs of polyandry. Evolution, 58, 1135-1140.
180. Maklakov, A. A. and Lubin, Y. (2006). Indirect genetic benefits of polyandry in a spider with direct costs of mating. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 61, 31-38.
181. Maklakov, A. A., Bilde, T. and Lubin, Y. (2003). Vibratory courtship in a web-building spider: signalling quality or stimulating the female? Animal Behaviour, 66, 623-630.
182. Maklakov, A. A., Bilde, T. and Lubin, Y. (2004). Sexual selection for increased male body size and protandry in a spider. Animal Behaviour, 68, 1041-1048.
183. Maklakov, A. A., Bilde, T. and Lubin, Y. (2005). Sexual conflict in the wild: elevated mating rate reduces female lifetime reproductive success. American Naturalist, 165, S38-S45.
184. Mappes, J., Alatalo, R. V., Kotiaho, J. and Parri, S. (1996). Viability costs of condition-dependent sexual male display in a drumming wolf spider. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B, 263, 785-789.
185. Mas, E., Ribera, C. and Moya-Larano, J. (2009). Resurrecting the differential mortality model of sexual size dimorphism. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 22, 1739-1749.
186. Masta, S. E. and Maddison, W. P. (2002). Sexual selection driving diversification in jumping spiders. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, 99, 4442-4447.
187. Meehan, C. J., Olson, E. J., Reudink, M. W., Kyser, T. K. and Curry, R. L. (2009). Herbivory in a spider through exploitation of an ant-plant mutualism. Current Biology, 19, R892-R893.
188. Merrett, P. (1988). Notes on the biology of the neotropical pisaurid, Ancylometes bogotensis (Araneae: Pisauridae). Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society, 7, 197-201.
189. Miller, J. A. (2007). Repeated evolution of male sacrifice behavior in spiders correlated with genital mutilation. Evolution, 61, 1301-1315.
190. Miyatake, T., Katayama, K., Takeda, Y., et al (2004). Is death-feigning adaptive? Heritable variation in fitness difference of death-feigning behaviour. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B, 271, 2293-2296.
191. Mora, G. (1990). Paternal care in a neotropical harvestman, Zygopachylus albomarginis (Arachnida, Opiliones, Gonyleptidae). Animal Behaviour, 39, 582-593.
192. Morse, D. H. (2007). Mating frequencies of male crab spiders, Misumena vatia (Araneae, Thomisidae). Journal of Arachnology, 35, 84-88.
193. Morse, D. H. and Hu, H. H. (2004). Age affects the risk of sexual cannibalism in male crab spiders (Misumena vatia). American Midland Naturalist, 151, 318-325.
194. Moya-Larano, J., Pascual, J. and Wise, D. H. (2003). Mating patterns in late-maturing female Mediterranean tarantulas may reflect the costs and benefits of sexual cannibalism. Animal Behaviour, 66, 469-476.
195. Nessler, S., Uhl, G. and Schneider, J. (2009a). Sexual cannibalism facilitates genital damage in Argiope lobata (Araneae: Araneidae). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 63, 355-362.
196. Nessler, S. H., Uhl, G. and Schneider, J. M. (2007). Genital damage in the orb-web spider Argiope bruennichi (Araneae: Araneidae) increases paternity success. Behavioral Ecology, 18, 174-181.
197. Nessler, S. H., Uhl, G. and Schneider, J. M. (2009b). Scent of a woman: the effect of female presence on sexual cannibalism in an orb-weaving spider (Araneae: Araneidae). Ethology, 115, 633-640.
198. Newman, J. A. and Elgar, M. A. (1991). Sexual cannibalism in orb-weaving spiders: an economic model. American Naturalist, 138, 1372-1395.
199. Nishino, H. and Sakai, M. (1996). Behaviorally significant immobile state of so called thanatosis in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus DeGeer: its characterization, sensory mechanism and function. Journal of Comparative Physiology, A, 179, 613-624.
200. Norton, S. and Uetz, G. W. (2005). Mating frequency in Schizocosa ocreata (Hentz) wolf spiders: evidence for a mating system with female monandry and male polygyny. Journal of Arachnology, 33, 16-24.
201. Papke, M. D., Riechert, S. E. and Schulz, S. (2001). An airborne female pheromone associated with male attraction and courtship in a desert spider. Animal Behaviour, 61, 877-886.
202. Parker, G. A. (1970). Sperm competition and its evolutionary consequences in the insects. Biological Reviews, 45, 525-567.
203. Parri, S., Alatalo, R. V., Kotiaho, J. and Mappes, J. (1997). Female choice for male drumming in the wolf spider Hygrolycosa rubrofasciata. Animal Behaviour, 53, 305-312.
204. Parri, S., Alatalo, R. V., Kotiaho, J. S., Mappes, J. and Rivero, A. (2002). Sexual selection in the wolf spider Hygrolycosa rubrofasciata: female preference for drum duration and pulse rate. Behavioral Ecology, 13, 615-621.
205. Perampaladas, K., Stoltz, J. A. and Andrade, M. C. B. (2008). Mated redback spider females re-advertise receptivity months after mating. Ethology, 114, 589-598.
206. Peretti, A., Eberhard, W. G. and Briceno, R. D. (2006). Copulatory dialogue: female spiders sing during copulation to influence male genitalic movements. Animal Behaviour, 72, 413-421.
207. Peretti, A. V. and Eberhard, W. G. (2010). Cryptic female choice via sperm dumping favours male copulatory courtship in a spider. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 23, 271-281.
208. Pérez-Miles, F., Postiglioni, R., Montes-De-Oca, L., Baruffaldi, L. and Costa, F. G. (2007). Mating system in the tarantula spider Eupalaestrus weijenberghi (Thorell, 1894): evidences of monandry and polygyny. Zoology, 110, 253-260.
209. Persons, M. H. and Uetz, G. W. (2005). Sexual cannibalism and mate choice decisions in wolf spiders: influence of male size and secondary sexual characters. Animal Behaviour, 69, 83-94.
210. Pitnick, S. and Brown, W. D. (2000). Criteria for demonstrating female sperm choice. Evolution, 54, 1052-1056.
211. Prenter, J., Elwood, R. W. and Montgomery, W. I. (1994a). Assessments and decisions in Metellina segmentata (Araneae, Metidae): evidence of a pheromone involved in mate guarding. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 35, 39-43.
212. Prenter, J., Elwood, R. W. and Montgomery, W. I. (1994b). Male exploitation of female predatory behavior reduces sexual cannibalism in male autumn spiders, Metellina segmentata. Animal Behaviour, 47, 235-236.
213. Prenter, J., MacNeil, C. and Elwood, R. W. (2006). Sexual cannibalism and mate choice. Animal Behaviour, 71, 481-490.
214. Prokop, P. (2006). Insemination does not affect female mate choice in a nuptial feeding spider. Italian Journal of Zoology, 73, 197-201.
215. Pruden, A. J. and Uetz, G. W. (2004). Assessment of potential predation costs of male decoration and courtship display in wolf spiders using video digitization and playback. Journal of Insect Behavior, 17, 67-80.
216. Pruitt, J. N. and Riechert, S. E. (2009). Male mating preference is associated with risk of pre-copulatory cannibalism in a socially polymorphic spider. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 63, 1573-1580.
217. Pruitt, J. N., Riechert, S. E. and Jones, T. C. (2008). Behavioural syndromes and their fitness consequences in a socially polymorphic spider, Anelosimus studiosus. Animal Behaviour, 76, 871-879.
218. Puurtinen, M., Ketolam, T. and Kotiaho, J. (2009). The good-genes and compatible-genes benefits of mate choice. American Naturalist, 174, 741-752.
219. Quirici, V. and Costa, F. G. (2005). Seismic communication during courtship in two burrowing tarantula spiders: an experimental study on Eupalaestrus weijenberghi and Acanthoscurria suina. Journal of Arachnology, 33, 159-166.
220. Ramos, M., Coddington, J. A., Christenson, T. E. and Irschick, D. J. (2005). Have male and female genitalia coevolved? A phylogenetic analysis of genitalic morphology and sexual size dimorphism in web-building spiders (Araneae: Araneoidea). Evolution, 59, 1989-1999.
221. Real, L. (1990). Search theory and mate choice. I. Models of single-sex discrimination. American Naturalist, 136, 376-405.
222. Riechert, S. E. (1988). The energetic costs of fighting. American Zoologist, 28, 877-884.
223. Rivero, A., Alatalo, R. V., Kotiaho, J. S., Mappes, J. and Parri, S. (2000). Acoustic signalling in a wolf spider: can signal characteristics predict male quality? Animal Behaviour, 60, 187-194.
224. Roberts, J. A. and Uetz, G. W. (2005). Information content of female chemical signals in the wolf spider, Schizocosa ocreata: male discrimination of reproductive state and receptivity. Animal Behaviour, 70, 217-223.
225. Robinson, M. H. and Robinson, B. (1980). Comparative studies of the courtship and mating behaviour of tropical araneid spiders. Pacific Insects Monograph, 36, 1-218.
226. Ross, K. and Smith, R. L. (1979). Aspects of the courtship behavior of the black widow spider, Latrodectus hesperus (Araneae: Theridiidae), with evidence for the existence of a contact sex pheromone. Journal of Arachnology, 7, 69-77.
227. Rovner, J. S. (1968). Territoriality in the sheet-web spider Linyphia triangularis (Clerck) (Araneae, Linyphiidae). Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie, 25, 232-242.
228. Sasaki, T. and Iwahashi, O. (1995). Sexual cannibalism in an orb-weaving spider Argiope aemula. Animal Behaviour, 49, 1119-1121.
229. Schaefer, D. and Uhl, G. (2003). Male competition over access to females in a spider with last-male sperm precedence. Ethology, 109, 385-400.
230. Schaefer, M. A. and Uhl, G. (2002). Determinants of paternity success in the spider Pholcus phalangioides (Pholcidae: Araneae): the role of male and female mating behaviour. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 51, 368-377.
231. Schaefer, M. A. and Uhl, G. (2005). Sequential mate encounters: female but not male body size influences female remating behavior. Behavioral Ecology, 16, 461-466.
232. Schaefer, M. A., Misof, B. and Uhl, G. (2008). Effects of body size of both sexes and female mating history on male mating behaviour and paternity success in a spider. Animal Behaviour, 76, 75-86.
233. Scheffer, S. J., Uetz, G. W. and Stratton, G. E. (1996). Sexual selection, male morphology, and the efficacy of courtship signalling in two wolf spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 38, 17-23.
234. Schmitt, A., Schuster, M. and Barth, F. G. (1992). Male competition in a wandering spider (Cupiennius getazi, Ctenidae). Ethology, 90, 293-306.
235. Schmitt, A., Schuster, M. and Barth, F. G. (1994). Vibratory communication in a wandering spider, Cupiennius getazi: female and male preferences for features of the conspecific male's releaser. Animal Behaviour, 48, 1155-1171.
236. Schmitt, M. (1992). Conjectures on the origins and functions of a bridal veil spun by the males of Cupiennius coccineus (Araneae, Ctenidae). Journal of Arachnology, 20, 67-68.
237. Schneider, J. M. (1997). Timing of maturation and the mating system of the spider, Stegodyphus lineatus (Eresidae): how important is body size? Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 60, 517-525.
238. Schneider, J. M. (1999). Delayed oviposition: a female strategy to counter infanticide by males? Behavioral Ecology, 10, 567-571.
239. Schneider, J. M. and Elgar, M. A. (2001). Sexual cannibalism and sperm competition in the golden orb-web spider Nephila plumipes (Araneoidea): female and male perspectives. Behavioral Ecology, 12, 547-552.
240. Schneider, J. M. and Elgar, M. A. (2002). Sexual cannibalism in Nephila plumipes as a consequence of female life history strategies. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 15, 84-91.
241. Schneider, J. M. and Elgar, M. A. (2005). The combined effects of pre- and post-insemination sexual selection on extreme variation in male body size. Evolutionary Ecology, 19, 419-433.
242. Schneider, J. M. and Lesmono, K. (2009). Courtship raises male fertilization success through post-mating sexual selection in a spider. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B, 276, 3105-3111.
243. Schneider, J. M. and Lubin, Y. (1996). Infanticidal male eresid spiders. Nature, 381, 655-656.
244. Schneider, J. M. and Lubin, Y. (1997a). Does high adult mortality explain semelparity in the spider Stegodyphus lineatus (Eresidae)? Oikos, 79, 92-100.
245. Schneider, J. M. and Lubin, Y. (1997b). Infanticide by males in a spider with suicidal maternal care, Stegodyphus lineatus (Eresidae). Animal Behaviour, 54, 305-312.
246. Schneider, J. M. and Lubin, Y. (1998). Intersexual conflict in spiders. Oikos, 83, 496-506.
247. Schneider, J. M., Fromhage, L. and Uhl, G. (2005a). Copulation patterns in the golden orb-web spider Nephila madagascariensis. Journal of Ethology, 23, 51-55.
248. Schneider, J. M., Fromhage, L. and Uhl, G. (2005b). Extremely short copulations do not affect hatching success in Argiope bruennichi (Araneae, Araneidae). Journal of Arachnology, 33, 663-669.
249. Schneider, J. M., Gilberg, S., Fromhage, L. and Uhl, G. (2006). Sexual conflict over copulation duration in a cannibalistic spider. Animal Behaviour, 71, 781-788.
250. Schneider, J. M., Herberstein, M. E., Bruce, M. J., et al (2008). Male copulation frequency, sperm competition and genital damage in the golden orb-web spider (Nephila plumipes). Australian Journal of Zoology, 56, 233-238.
251. Schneider, J. M., Herberstein, M. E., de Crespigny, F. E. C., Ramamurthy, S. and Elgar, M. A. (2000). Sperm competition and small size advantage for males of the golden orb-web spider Nephila edulis. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 13, 939-946.
252. Schneider, J. M., Thomas, M. L. and Elgar, M. A. (2001). Ectomised conductors in the golden orb-web spider, Nephila plumipes (Araneoidea): a male adaptation to sexual conflict? Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 49, 410-415.
253. Schüch, W. and Barth, F. G. (1990). Vibratory communication in a spider: female responses to synthetic male vibrations. Journal of Comparative Physiology, A, 166, 817-826.
254. Schulz, S. (2004). Semiochemistry of spiders. In Advances in Chemical Ecology (ed. R. Carde and J. Millar). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
255. Schulz, S. and Toft, S. (1993). Identification of a sex pheromone from a spider. Science, 260, 1635-1637.
256. Schutz, D. and Taborsky, M. (2005). Mate choice and sexual conflict in the size dimorphic water spider Argyroneta aquatica (Araneae, Argyronetidae). Journal of Arachnology, 33, 767-775.
257. Segoli, M., Arieli, R., Sierwald, P., Harari, A. R. and Lubin, Y. (2008a). Sexual cannibalism in the brown widow spider (Latrodectus geometricus). Ethology, 114, 279-286.
258. Segoli, M., Lubin, Y. and Harari, A. R. (2008b). Frequency and consequences of damage to male copulatory organs in a widow spider. Journal of Arachnology, 36, 533-537.
259. Singer, F. and Riechert, S. E. (1995). Mating system and mating success of the desert soldier Agelenopsis aperta. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 36, 313-322.
260. Singer, F., Riechert, S. E., Xu, H. F., et al (2000). Analysis of courtship success in the funnel-web spider Agelenopsis aperta. Behaviour, 137, 93-117.
261. Snook, R. R. and Hosken, D. J. (2004). Sperm death and dumping in Drosophila. Nature, 428, 939-941.
262. Snow, L. S. E. and Andrade, M. C. B. (2004). Pattern of sperm transfer in redback spiders: implications for sperm competition and male sacrifice. Behavioral Ecology, 15, 785-792.
263. Snow, L. S. E. and Andrade, M. C. B. (2005). Multiple sperm storage organs facilitate female control of paternity. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B, 272, 1139-1144.
264. Snow, L. S. E., Abdel-Mesih, A. and Andrade, M. C. B. (2006). Broken copulatory organs are low-cost adaptations to sperm competition in redback spiders. Ethology, 112, 379-389.
265. Stalhandske, P. (2001). Nuptial gift in the spider Pisaura mirabilis maintained by sexual selection. Behavioral Ecology, 12, 691-697.
266. Stalhandske, P. (2002). Nuptial gifts of male spiders function as sensory traps. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B, 269, 905-908.
267. Stoltz, J. and Andrade, M. (2010). Female's courtship threshold allows intruding males to mate with reduced effort. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, B, 277, 585-592.
268. Stoltz, J. A., Elias, D. O. and Andrade, M. C. B. (2008). Females reward courtship by competing males in a cannibalistic spider. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 62, 689-697.
269. Stoltz, J. A., Elias, D. O. and Andrade, M. C. B. (2009). Male courtship effort determines female response to competing rivals in redback spiders. Animal Behaviour, 77, 79-85.
270. Stoltz, J. A., McNeil, J. N. and Andrade, M. C. B. (2007). Males assess chemical signals to discriminate just-mated females from virgins in redback spiders. Animal Behaviour, 74, 1669-1674.
271. Stratton, G. E. (2005). Evolution of ornamentation and courtship behavior in Schizocosa: insights from a phylogeny based on morphology (Araneae, Lycosidae). Journal of Arachnology, 33, 347-376.
272. Suhm, M., Thaler, K. and Alberti, G. (1996). Glands in the male palpal organ and the origin of the mating plug in Amaurobius species (Araneae: Amaurobiidae). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 234, 191-199.
273. Taylor, P. W. and Elwood, R. W. (2003). The mismeasure of animal contests. Animal Behaviour, 65, 1195-1202.
274. Taylor, P. W. and Jackson, R. R. (2003). Interacting effects of size and prior injury in jumping spider conflicts. Animal Behaviour, 65, 787-794.
275. Taylor, P. W., Hasson, O. and Clark, D. L. (2001). Initiation and resolution of jumping spider contests: roles for size, proximity, and early detection of rivals. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 50, 403-413.
276. Trivers, R. L. (1972). Parental investment and sexual selection. In Sexual Selection and the Descent of Man (ed. B. Campbell). London: Heinemann.
277. Uetz, G. W. and Norton, S. (2007). Preference for male traits in female wolf spiders varies with the choice of available males, female age and reproductive state. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 61, 631-641.
278. Uhl, G. (2000). Female genital morphology and sperm priority patterns in spiders (Araneae). European Arachnology, 145-156.
279. Uhl, G., Nessler, S. H. and Schneider, J. (2007). Copulatory mechanism in a sexually cannibalistic spider with genital mutilation (Araneae: Araneidae: Argiope bruennichi). Zoology, 110, 398-408.
280. Uhl, G., Nessler, S. H. and Schneider, J. (2010). Securing paternity in spiders? A review on occurrence and effects of mating plugs and male genital mutilation. Genetica, 138, 75-104.
281. Uhl, G., Schmitt, S. and Schafer, M. (2005). Fitness benefits of multiple mating versus female mate choice in the cellar spider (Pholcus phalangioides). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 59, 69-76.
282. Uhl, G. and Vollrath, F. (1998). Little evidence for size-selective sexual cannibalism in two species of Nephila (Araneae). Zoology - Analysis of Complex Systems, 101, 101-106.
283. Venner, S., Bernstein, C., Dray, S. and Bel-Venner, M. (2010). Make love not war: when should less competitive males choose low‐quality but defendable females? American Naturalist, 175, 650-661.
284. Watson, P. J. (1986). Transmission of a female sex pheromone thwarted by males in the spider Linyphia litigiose (Linyphiidae). Science, 219-221.
285. Watson, P. J. (1990). Female-enhanced male competition determines the 1st mate and principal sire in the spider Linyphia litigiosa (Linyphiidae). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 26, 77-90.
286. Watson, P. J. (1998). Multi-male mating and female choice increase offspring growth in the spider Neriene litigiosa (Linyphiidae). Animal Behaviour, 55, 387-403.
287. Watson, P. J. and Lighton, J. R. B. (1994). Sexual selection and the energetics of copulatory courtship in the sierra dome spider, Linyphia litigiosa. Animal Behaviour, 48, 615-626.
288. Welke, K. and Schneider, J. M. (2009). Inbreeding avoidance through cryptic female choice in the cannibalistic orb-web spider Argiope lobata. Behavioural Ecology, 20, 1056-1062.
289. Wells, M. S. (1988). Effects of body size and resource value on fighting behaviour in a jumping spider. Animal Behaviour, 36, 321-326.
290. West, H. P. and Toft, S. (1999). Last-male sperm priority and the mating system of the haplogyne spider Tetragnatha extensa (Araneae: Tetragnathidae). Journal of Insect Behavior, 12, 433-450.
291. Whitehouse, M. E. A. (1991). To mate or fight: male-male competition and alternative mating strategies of Argyrodes antipodiana (Theridiidae, Araneae). Behavioral Proceedings, 23, 163-172.
292. Whitehouse, M. E. A. (1997). Experience influences male-male contests in the spider Argyrodes antipodiana (Theridiidae: Araneae). Animal Behaviour, 53, 913-923.
293. Wilder, S. M. and Rypstra, A. L. (2008a). Diet quality affects mating behaviour and egg production in a wolf spider. Animal Behaviour, 76, 439-445.
294. Wilder, S. M. and Rypstra, A. L. (2008b). Prior encounters with the opposite sex affect male and female mating behavior in a wolf spider (Araneae, Lycosidae). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 62, 1813-1820.
295. Wilder, S. M. and Rypstra, A. L. (2008c). Sexual size dimorphism mediates the occurrence of state-dependent sexual cannibalism in a wolf spider. Animal Behaviour, 76, 447-454.
296. Wilder, S. M. and Rypstra, A. L. (2008d). Sexual size dimorphism predicts the frequency of sexual cannibalism within and among species of spiders. American Naturalist, 172, 431-440.
297. Wilder, S. M., Rypstra, A. L. and Elgar, M. A. (2009). The importance of ecological and phylogenetic conditions for the occurrence and frequency of sexual cannibalism. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 40, 21-39.
298. Wilgers, D. J., Nicholas, A. C., Reed, D. H., Stratton, G. E. and Hebets, E. A. (2009). Condition-dependent alternative mating tactics in a sexually cannibalistic wolf spider. Behavioral Ecology, 20, 891-900.
299. Wu, J., Jiao, X.-G., Chen, J., Peng, Y., Liu, F.-X. and Wang, Z.-H. (2007). Behavioral evidence for a sex pheromone in female wolf spiders Pardosa astrigera. Acta Zoologica Sinica, 53, 994-999.