Therapeutic efficacy of brain imaging in acute ischemic stroke patients

Journal of Neuroradiology

Volumn 42, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 47-54

  Von Kummer, Rüdiger ^a   Dzialowski, Imanuel ^b   Gerber, Johannes ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL CARL GUSTAV CARUS   (Germany)

^b Neurologische Klinik   (Germany)

Author keywords

Brain infarction; Cerebral angiography; Magnetic resonance imaging; Stroke; Tomography; X Ray computed

Indexed keywords

BRAIN EDEMA; BRAIN INFARCTION; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CLINICAL DECISION MAKING; CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS; COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC ANGIOGRAPHY; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; DIFFUSION WEIGHTED IMAGING; HUMAN; IMAGE ANALYSIS; IMAGE QUALITY; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; MAGNETIC RESONANCE ANGIOGRAPHY; NEUROIMAGING; NEUROPATHOLOGY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; REPERFUSION THERAPY; REVIEW; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS; BRAIN; BRAIN ANGIOGRAPHY; NEURORADIOLOGY; PATHOLOGY; PROCEDURES; PROGNOSIS; RADIOGRAPHY; STROKE; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

BRAIN; CEREBRAL ANGIOGRAPHY; HUMANS; MAGNETIC RESONANCE ANGIOGRAPHY; NEURORADIOGRAPHY; PROGNOSIS; STROKE; TOMOGRAPHY, X-RAY COMPUTED; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 84923336715     PISSN: 01509861     EISSN: 17730406     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.neurad.2014.10.004     Document Type: Review

References (81)

1. Fryback D.G., Thornbury J.R. The efficacy of diagnostic imaging. Med Decis Making 1991, 11:88-94.
2. Hill M.D., Demchuk A.M., Goyal M., et al. Alberta stroke program early computed tomography score to select patients for endovascular treatment: interventional management of stroke (IMS)-III trial. Stroke 2013, 45:444-449.
3. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt-PA Stroke Study Group Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke. New Engl J Med 1995, 333:1581-1587.
4. Furlan A., Higashida R., Wechsler L., et al. Intra-arterial Prourokinase for acute ischemic stroke. JAMA 1999, 282:2003-2011.
5. Hacke W., Kaste M., Bluhmiki E., et al. Thrombolysis with alteplase 3 to 4.5hours after acute ischemic stroke. New Engl J Med 2008, 359:1317-1329.
6. Parsons M., Spratt N., Bivard A., et al. A randomized trial of tenecteplase versus alteplase for acute ischemic stroke. New Engl J Med 2012, 366:1099-1107.
7. Dani K.A., Thomas R.G., Chappell F.M., et al. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance perfusion imaging in ischemic stroke: definitions and thresholds. Ann Neurol 2011, 70:384-401.
8. von Kummer R., Meyding-Lamadé U., Forsting M., et al. Sensitivity and prognostic value of early computed tomography in middle cerebral artery trunk occlusion. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1994, 15:9-15.
9. Riedel C.H., Zoubie J., Ulmer S., Gierthmuehlen J., Jansen O. Thin-slice reconstructions of nonenhanced CT images allow for detection of thrombus in acute stroke. Stroke 2012, 43:2319-2323.
10. Riedel C.H., Zimmermann P., Jensen-Kondering U., Stingele R., Deuschl G., Jansen O. The importance of size: successful recanalization by intravenous thrombolysis in acute anterior stroke depends on thrombus length. Stroke 2011, 42:1775-1777.
11. Radbruch A., Mucke J., Schweser F., et al. Comparison of susceptibility weighted imaging and TOF-angiography for the detection of Thrombi in acute stroke. PloS One 2013, 8:e63459.
12. Essig M., von Kummer R., Egelhof T., Winter R., Sartor K. Magnetic resonance imaging of vascular contrast enhancement in cerebrovascular disease. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1996, 17:887-894.
13. Swartz R.H., Bhuta S.S., Farb R.I., et al. Intracranial arterial wall imaging using high-resolution 3-tesla contrast-enhanced MRI. Neurology 2009, 72:627-634.
14. Oppenheim C., Naggara O., Touze E., et al. High-resolution MR imaging of the cervical arterial wall: what the radiologist needs to know. Radiographics 2009, 29:1413-1431.
15. Knauth M., Jansen O., von Kummer R., Wildermuth S., Forsting M., Sartor K. Sensitivität, Interrater-Reliabilität und prognostischer Wert der CT-Angiographie in der Diagnostik akuter intrakranieller Gefäßverschlüsse. RöFo 1996, 164:S21.
16. Knauth M., von Kummer R., Jansen O., Hähnel S., Dörfler A., Sartor K. Potential of CT angiography in acute ischemic stroke. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1997, 18:1001-1010.
17. Fujita N., Hirabuki N., Fujii K., et al. MR imaging of middle cerebral artery stenosis and occlusion: value of MR angiography. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1994, 15:335-341.
18. Miteff F., Levi C.R., Bateman G.A., Spratt N., McElduff P., Parsons M.W. The independent predictive utility of computed tomography angiographic collateral status in acute ischaemic stroke. Brain 2009, 132:2231-2238.
19. Bhatia R., Bal S.S., Shobha N., et al. CT angiographic source images predict outcome and final infarct volume better than noncontrast CT in proximal vascular occlusions. Stroke 2011, 42:1575-1580.
20. Frolich A.M., Psychogios M.N., Klotz E., Schramm R., Knauth M., Schramm P. Antegrade flow across incomplete vessel occlusions can be distinguished from retrograde collateral flow using 4-dimensional computed tomographic angiography. Stroke 2012, 43:2974-2979.
21. Bash S., Villablanca J.P., Jahan R., et al. Intracranial vascular stenosis and occlusive disease: evaluation with CT angiography, MR angiography, and digital subtraction angiography. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2005, 26:1012-1021.
22. Nguyen-Huynh M.N., Wintermark M., English J., et al. How accurate is CT angiography in evaluating intracranial atherosclerotic disease?. Stroke 2008, 39:1184-1188.
23. Lev M., Farkas J., Rodriguez V., et al. CT angiography in the rapid triage of patients with hyperacute stroke to intraarterial thrombolysis: accuracy in the detection of large vessel thrombus. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2001, 25:520-528.
24. Mortimer A.M., Simpson E., Bradley M.D., Renowden S.A. Computed tomography angiography in hyperacute ischemic stroke: prognostic implications and role in decision-making. Stroke 2013, 44:1480-1488.
25. von Kummer R., Holle R., Rosin L., Forsting M., Hacke W. Does arterial recanalization improve outcome in carotid territory stroke?. Stroke 1995, 26:581-587.
26. Lee L.J., Kidwell C.S., Alger J., Starkman S., Saver J.L. Impact on stroke subtype diagnosis of early diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance angiography. Stroke 2000, 31:1081-1089.
27. Coutts S.B., Modi J., Patel S.K., et al. CT/CT angiography and MRI findings predict recurrent stroke after transient ischemic attack and minor stroke: results of the prospective CATCH study. Stroke 2012, 43:1013-1017.
28. Torres-Mozqueda F., He J., Yeh I.B., et al. An acute ischemic stroke classification instrument that includes CT or MR angiography: the Boston Acute Stroke Imaging Scale. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2008, 29:1111-1117.
29. Kassem-Moussa H., Graffagino C. Nonocclusion and spontaneous recanalization rates in acute ischemic stroke. A review of cerebral angiography studies. Arch Neurol 2002, 59:1870-1873.
30. Sylaja P.N., Dzialowski I., Puetz V., et al. Does intravenous rtPA benefit patients in the absence of CT angiographically visible intracranial occlusion?. Neurol India 2009, 57:739-743.
31. Shobha N., Bhatia R., Boyko M., et al. Outcomes in acute ischemic strokes presenting with disabling neurologic deficits without intracranial vascular occlusion. Int J Stroke 2011, 6:392-397.
32. Fiebach J.B., Al-Rawi Y., Wintermark M., et al. Vascular occlusion enables selecting acute ischemic stroke patients for treatment with desmoteplase. Stroke 2012, 43:1561-1566.
33. Rubiera M., Ribo M., Delgado-Mederos R., et al. Tandem internal carotid artery/middle cerebral artery occlusion. An independent predictor of poor outcome after systemic thrombolysis. Stroke 2006, 37:2301-2305.
34. Puetz V., Dzialowski I., Hill M.D., et al. Intracranial thrombus extent predicts clinical outcome, final infarct size and hemorrhagic transformation in ischemic stroke: the clot burden score. Int J Stroke 2008, 3:230-236.
35. Tan I.Y., Demchuk A.M., Hopyan J., et al. CT angiography clot burden score and collateral score: correlation with clinical and radiologic outcomes in acute middle cerebral artery infarct. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2009, 30:525-531.
36. Saqqur M., Uchino K., Demchuk A.M., et al. Site of arterial occlusion identified by transcranial Doppler predicts the response to intravenous thrombolysis for stroke. Stroke 2007, 38:948-954.
37. Saqqur M., Molina C.A., Salam A., et al. Clinical deterioration after intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator treatment: a multicenter transcranial Doppler study. Stroke 2007, 38:69-74.
38. Rha J.-H., Saver J. The impact of recanalization on ischemic stroke outcome. A meta-analysis. Stroke 2007, 38:967-973.
39. Hacke W., Kaste M., Fieschi C., et al. Intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator for acute hemispheric stroke. The European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study (ECASS). JAMA 1995, 274:1017-1025.
40. Hamann G., Okada Y., del Zoppo G. Hemorrhagic transformation and microvascular integrity during focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1996, 16:1373-1378.
41. Heiss W., Rosner G. Fuctional recovery of cortical neurons as related to degree and duration of ischemia. Ann Neurol 1983, 14:294-301.
42. Jones T., Morawetz R., Crowell R., et al. Thresholds of focal cerebral ischemia in awake monkeys. J Neurosurg 1981, 54:773-782.
43. Astrup J., Siesjö B., Symon L. Thresholds in cerebral ischemia-The ischemic penumbra. Stroke 1981, 12:723-725.
44. Jovin T., Yonas H., Gebel J., et al. The cortical ischemic core and not the consistently present penumbra is a determinant of clinical outcome in acute middle cerebral artery occlusion. Stroke 2003, 34:2426-2435.
45. Pulsinelli W., Brierley J., Plum F. Temporal profile of neuronal damage in a model of transient forebrain ischemia. Ann Neurol 1982, 11:491-498.
46. Garcia J.H., Liu K.F., Ye Z.R., Gutierrez J.A. Incomplete infarct and delayed neuronal death after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. Stroke 1997, 28:2303-2309. [discussion 10].
47. Hossmann K.A., Schuier F.J. Experimental brain infarcts in cats. I. Pathophysiological observations. Stroke 1980, 11:583-592.
48. Schuier F.J., Hossmann K.A. Experimental brain infarcts in cats. II. Ischemic brain edema. Stroke 1980, 11:593-601.
49. Lin W., Lee J., Lee Y., Vo K., Pilgram T., Hsu C. Temporal relationship between apparent diffusion coefficient and absolute measurements of cerebral blood flow in acute stroke patients. Stroke 2003, 34:64-70.
50. Moseley M., Cohen Y., Mintorovitch J., et al. Early detection of regional cerebral ischemia in cats: comparison of diffusion- and T2-weighted MRI and spectroscopy. Magn Reson Med 1990, 14:330-346.
51. Li F., Liu K., Silva M., et al. Transient and permanent resolution of ischemic lesions on diffusion-weighted imaging after brief periods of focal ischemia in rats. Stroke 2000, 31:946-954.
52. Kidwell C., Saver J., Mattielloo J., et al. Thrombolytic reversal of acute human cerebral ischemic injury shown by diffusion/perfusion magnetic resonance imaging. Ann Neurol 2000, 47:462-469.
53. Fiehler J., Knudsen K., Kucinski T., et al. Predictors of apparent diffusion coefficient normalization in stroke patients. Stroke 2004, 35:514-519.
54. von Kummer R., Weber J. Brain and vascular imaging in acute ischemic stroke: the potential of computed tomography. Neurology 1997, 49:S52-S55.
55. Todd N., Picozzi P., Crockard A., Ross Russel R. Duration of ischemia influences the development and resolution of ischemic brain edema. Stroke 1986, 17:466-471.
56. Simard J.M., Kent T.A., Chen M., Tarasov K.V., Gerzanich V. Brain oedema in focal ischaemia: molecular pathophysiology and theoretical implications. Lancet Neurol 2007, 6:258-268.
57. Dzialowski I., Weber J., Klotz E., et al. CT monitoring of ischemic brain tissue water content during middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion. Radiology 2007, 243:720-726.
58. von Kummer R., Bourquain H., Bastianello S., et al. Early prediction of irreversible brain damage after ischemic stroke by computed tomography. Radiology 2001, 219:95-100.
59. von Kummer R., Allen K., Holle R., et al. Acute stroke: usefulness of early CT findings before thrombolytic therapy. Radiology 1997, 205:327-333.
60. Hill M., Rowley H., Adler F., et al. Selection of acute ischemic stroke patients for intra-arterial thrombolysis with pro-urokinase by using ASPECTS. Stroke 2003, 34:1925-1931.
61. Dzialowski I., Weber J., Doerfler A., Forsting M., von Kummer R. Brain tissue water uptake after middle cerebral artery occlusion assessed with CT. J Neuroimaging 2004, 14:42-48.
62. von Kummer R. Effect of training in reading CT scans on patient selection for ECASS II. Neurology 1998, 51(Suppl. 3):S50-S52.
63. von Kummer R., Holle R., Grzyska U., et al. Interobserver agreement in assessing early CT signs of middle cerebral artery infarction. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1996, 17:1743-1748.
64. von Kummer R., Nolte P.N., Schnittger H., Thron A., Ringelstein E.B. Detectability of hemispheric ischemic infarction by computed tomography within 6hours after stroke. Neuroradiology 1996, 38:31-33.
65. Barber P., Demchuk A., Zhang J., Buchan A. Validity and reliability of a quantitative computed tomography score in predicting outcome of hyperacute stroke before thrombolytic therapy. Lancet 2000, 355:1670-1674.
66. Na D., Kim E., Ryoo J., et al. CT sign of brain swelling without concomitant parenchymal hypoattenuation: comparison with diffusion- and perfusion-weighted MR Imaging. Radiology 2005, 235:992-998.
67. Schramm P., Schellinger P., Fiebach J., et al. Comparison of CT and CT angiography source images with diffusion-weighted imaging in patients with acute stroke within 6hours after onset. Stroke 2002, 33:2426-2432.
68. Camargo E., Furie K., Singhal A., et al. Acute brain infarct: detection and delineation with CT angiographic source images versus nonenhanced CT scans. Radiology 2007, 244:541-548.
69. Pulli B., Schaefer P.W., Hakimelahi R., et al. Acute ischemic stroke: infarct core estimation on CT angiography source images depends on CT angiography protocol. Radiology 2012, 262:593-604.
70. Thomalla G., Rossbach P., Rosenkranz M., et al. Negative fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging identifies acute ischemic stroke at 3hours or less. Ann Neurol 2009, 65:724-732.
71. Petkova M., Rodrigo S., Lamy C., et al. MR imaging helps predict time from symptom onset in patients with acute stroke: implications for patients with unknown onset time. Radiology 2010, 257:782-792.
72. Aoki J., Kimura K., Iguchi Y., Shibazaki K., Sakai K., Iwanaga T. FLAIR can estimate the onset time in acute ischemic stroke patients. J Neurol Sci 2010, 293:39-44.
73. Larrue V., von Kummer R., Müller A., Bluhmki E. Risk factors for severe hemorrhagic transformation in ischemic stroke patients treated with rt-PA. Stroke 2001, 32:438-441.
74. Jansen O., Schellinger P., Fiebach J., Hacke W., Sartor K. Early recanalisation in acute ischaemic stroke saves tissue at risk defined by MRI. Lancet 1999, 353:2036-2037.
75. Warach S. Tissue viability thresholds in acute stroke. The 4-factor model. Stroke 2001, 32:2460-2461.
76. Warach S., Al-Rawi Y., Furlan A.J., et al. Refinement of the magnetic resonance diffusion-perfusion mismatch concept for thrombolytic patient selection: insights from the desmoteplase in acute stroke trials. Stroke 2012, 43:2313-2318.
77. Hacke W., Furlan A.J., Al-Rawi Y., et al. Intravenous desmoteplase in patients with acute ischaemic stroke selected by MRI perfusion-diffusion weighted imaging or perfusion CT (DIAS-2): a prospective, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Lancet Neurol 2009, 8:141-150.
78. Davis S.M., Donnan G.A., Parsons M.W., et al. Effects of alteplase beyond 3h after stroke in the Echoplanar Imaging Thrombolytic Evaluation Trial (EPITHET): a placebo-controlled randomised trial. Lancet Neurol 2008, 7:299-309.
79. Darby D., Barber P., Gerraty R., et al. Pathophysiological topography of acute ischemia by combined diffusion-weighted and perfusion MRI. Stroke 1999, 30:2043-2052.
80. Copen W.A., Rezai Gharai L., Barak E.R., et al. Existence of the diffusion-perfusion mismatch within 24hours after onset of acute stroke: dependence on proximal arterial occlusion. Radiology 2009, 250:878-886.
81. Nemoto E.M., Yonas H., Chang Y. Stages and thresholds of hemodynamic failure. Stroke 2003, 34:2-3.