Revolution in Nepal: An Anthropological and Historical Approach to the People's War

Revolution in Nepal: An Anthropological and Historical Approach to the People's War

Volumn , Issue , 2013, Pages 1-448

  Lecomte Tilouine, Marie ^a,b  

^a CNRS   (France)

^b Institut National des Langues Orientales ^*  (France)

Author keywords

Cadreship; Ethnography; Maoism; Micro history; Narratives; Nepal; People's war; Politics; Social change; Violence

Indexed keywords

EID: 84923301775     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198089384.001.0001     Document Type: Book

References (342)

1. Abu-Lughod, Lila. 2005. Dramas of Nationhood: The Politics of Television in Egypt. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
2. Adhikari, Indra. 2006. 'Women in Conflict: The Gender Perspective in Maoist Insurgency', in L.R. Baral (ed.), Nepal: Facets of Maoist Insurgency. Delhi: Adroit, pp. 60-84.
3. Adhikari, S. 1998 (2055 VS). Jumla Rajyako Itihas. Kirtipur: Tribhuvan University.
4. Ahearn, Laura M. 2001. Invitations to Love: Literacy, Love Letters, and Social Change in Nepal. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
5. Alison, Miranda. 2003. 'Cogs in the Wheel? Women in the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam', Civil Wars, 6(4): 37-54.
6. Amatya, Shaphalya. 1983. Some Aspects of Cultural Policy in Nepal. Paris: UNESCO.
7. Ananta (Barshaman Pun). 2008. 'The Development of Tactical Line: History of Party and PLA', Red Star, 1(4): 1-55.
8. Anderson, R. and E. Mitchell. 1978. 'The Politics of Music in Nepal', Anthropological Quarterly, 51(4): 247-59.
9. Anonymous. 1998. 'Report from the Battlefield: Fury of Women is Unleashed', The Worker, no. 4. Available online at (accessed on 4 December 2012).
10. Arendt, Hannah. 1969. 'Reflections on Violence', The New York Review of Books, 27 February, Special supplement, 12(4). Available online at (accessed on 4 December 2012).
11. Audoin-Rouzeau, S. 2008. Combattre:Une Anthropologie Historique de la Guerre Moderne (XIXe-XXIe siècle). Paris: Le Seuil.
12. Bajracharya, B.R. 1992. Bahadur Shah: The Regent of Nepal. New Delhi: Anmol.
13. Balasingham, Adele. 1993. Women Fighters of Liberation Tigers. Jaffna: Thasan Printers.
14. Baral, Thakur. 2001. Atitka Janasamgharsa. Dhankuta: T. Baral.
15. Bartholeyns, Gil. 2010. 'Le paradoxe de l'ordinaire et l'anthropologie Historique', L'Atelier du Centre de Recherches Historiques. Available online at (accessed on 11 September 2010).
16. Bastola, Narendra Nath. 1996 (2053 VS). Purvanchalma Sat Salko Kranti 2007. Kathmandu: Shekhar and Sundip Bastola.
17. Bayart, Jean-François. 2004. 'Total Subjectivation', in J.F. Bayart and J.P. Warnier (eds), Matière à Politique: Le pouvoir, les Corps et les Choses. Paris: Karthala, pp. 215-53.
18. Bhandari, K.B. 2007 (2063 VS). Krantiko Killa Thabang. Kathmandu: Paru Aphset Press.
19. Bhattarai, Baburam. 2007. 'Some Astray Observations', in H. Yami (ed.), People's War and Women's Liberation in Nepal. Kathmandu: Janadwani Publications, pp. iii-v.
20. Bianco, Lucien. 1968. 'Les paysans et la révolution: Chine, 1919-1949', Politique Étrangère, 33(2-3): 117-41.
21. Bianco, Lucien. 2005. Jaqueries etRévolution dans la Chine du XXème Siècle. Paris: Editions de la Martinière.
22. Bishop, Barry. 1990. Karnali under Stress: Livelihood Strategies and Seasonal Rhythms in a Changing Nepal Himalaya. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
23. Boétie, Etienne de la. 1549. Discours de la Servitude Volontaire. Paris: Mille et une nuits. [Reprint in 1997.]
24. Bois, Paul. 1960. Paysans de l'ouest: Des Structures Économiques et Sociales aux Options Politiques depuis l'époque Révolutionnaire dans la Sarthe. Paris: Flammarion.
25. Bourdieu, Pierre. 1981. 'Décrire et prescrire', Actes de la Recherche en Sciences Sociales, 38: 69-73.
26. Bruner, Jerome. 1986. Actual Minds, Possible Worlds. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
27. Butler, Judith. 1990. Gender Trouble. New York: Routledge.
28. Butler, Judith. 1993. Bodies That Matter. New York: Routledge.
29. Butler, Judith. 1997. The Psychic Life of Power: Theories in Subjection. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
30. Cailmail, Benoît. 2008-9. 'A History of Maoism since Its Foundation by Mohan Bikram Singh', European Bulletin of Himalayan Research, 33-4: 11-38.
31. Cailmail, Benoît. 2009. 'La Guerre du Peuple et les Relations Sociales au Népal: Le Cas du Pyuthan', in L. Baixas, L. Dejouhanet, and P.Y. Trouillet (eds), Conflit et Rapports Sociaux en Asie du Sud. Paris: L'Harmattan, pp. 57-72.
32. Caplan, Lionel. 2000 [1970]. Land and Social Change in Eastern Nepal. Kathmandu: Himal Books.
33. Carleton, Gregory. 2005. Sexual Revolution in Bolshevik Russia. Pittsburgh: Pittsburgh University Press.
34. Cavenagh, Orfeur. 1884. Reminiscences of an Indian Official. London: W.H. Allen.
35. Certeau, Michel de. 1994 [1968]. La Prise de Paroleet Autres Écrits Politiques. Paris: Seuil.
36. Chalmers, Rhoderick. 2004. 'When Folk Culture Met Print Culture: Some Thoughts on the Commercialisation, Transformation and Propagation of Traditional Genres in Nepali', Contributions to Nepalese Studies, 31(2): 243-56.
37. Chatterji, Bhola. 1967. A Study of Recent Nepalese Politics. Calcutta: World Press.
38. Chauhan, R.S. 1971. The Political Development in Nepal. Delhi: Associate Publishing House.
39. Chellaney, Brahma. 2004. 'Lessons from Fighting Terrorism in Southern Asia', in R.J. Art and K.N. Waltz (eds), The Use of Force: Military Power and International Politics. Maryland: Rowman and Littlefield, pp. 458-62.
40. Clausewitz, Carl von. 1984. On War, trans. Michael Eliot Howard and Peter Paret. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
41. Collins, Randall. 2008. Violence: A Micro-Sociological Theory. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
42. CPN (M) [Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)]. 1995. 'Strategy and Tactics of Armed Struggle in Nepal', Documents adopted by the Third Plenum of the Central Committee of the CPN (M), March.
43. CPN (M) [Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)]. 2007. 'Report of CPN (M) to CCOMPOSA (Coordination Committee of Maoist Parties and Organizations of South Asia), June 2006', Maoist Information Bulletin, no. 17. Available online at (accessed on 5 December 2006).
44. Cordero, Isabel Coral. 1998. 'Women in War: Impact and Responses', in S.J. Stern (ed.), Shining and Other Paths: War and Society in Peru, 1980-1995. Durham: Duke University Press, pp. 345-74.
45. Coser, Lewis. 1974. Greedy Institutions: Patterns of Undivided Commitment. New York: Free Press.
46. Dent, Alexander Sebastian. 2003. 'Country Critics: Música Caipira and the Production of Locality', PhD dissertation, University of Chicago, Chicago.
47. Dent, Alexander Sebastian. 2009. River of Tears: Country Music, Memory, and Modernity in Brazil. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
48. Desai, Meghnad. 2009. The Rediscovery of India. New Delhi: Penguin.
49. DesChene, Mary K. 1991. 'Relics of Empire: a Cultural History of the Gurkhas 1815-1987', PhD thesis, Stanford University, Stanford.
50. Devkota, Laxmi Prasad. 1938. Muna Madan. Kathmandu: Ratna Pustak Bhandar.
51. Devkota, R. 1989 (2046 VS). Karnaliko atha-iti. Kathmandu: Saja Prakasan.
52. Dharamdasani, M.D. (ed.). 1984. Political Participation and Change in South Asia, in the context of Nepal. Varanasi: Shalimar Publishing House.
53. Dhungel, Jeena. 2010. 'Raftarma Ravindra', Annapurna Post, Supplement, 1 December, Kathmandu.
54. Dhungel, Ramesh. 2006. 'The Long-ago Fight for Kirant Identity', Himal Southasian, 19: 7.
55. Dinesh. 2004. 'Janmukti Senama Mahila Netritwa Bikasko Prashna', Adha Sansar, 13(9, 24 August).
56. Donner, Henrike. 2009. 'Radical Masculinity: Morality, Sociality and Relationships through Recollections of Naxalite Activists', Dialectical Anthropology, 33(3-4): 327-43.
57. Dorronsoro, Gilles and Olivier Grojean. 2004. 'Engagement Militant et Phénomènes de Radicalisation Chez les Kurdes de Turquie', European Journal of Turkish Studies. Available online at (accessed on 4 December 2012).
58. Driem, George van. 2001. Languages of the Himalayas: an Ethnolinguistic Handbook of the Greater Himalayan Region. Leiden: Brill.
59. Eck, Kristine. 2010. 'Recruiting Rebels: Indoctrination and Political Education in Nepal', in M. Lawoti and A. Pahari (eds), Nepal's Maoist Insurgency. New York: Routledge, pp. 33-52.
60. Ehrenreich, Barbara. 1990. 'Essay: The Warrior Culture', Time, New York, 136(16, 15 October): 100.
61. Falquet, Jules. 2003. 'Division Sexuelle du Travail Révolutionnaire: Réflexions à Partir de la Participation des Femmes Salvadoriennes à la Lutte Armée (1981-92)', Cahiers d'Amérique Latine, 40: 109-28.
62. Fillieule, Olivier. 2009. 'Travail Militant, Action Collective et Rapports de Genre', in O. Fillieule and P. Roux (eds), Le sexe du militantisme. Paris: Presses de Sciences Po, pp. 23-72.
63. Fillieule, Olivier and P. Roux (eds). 2009. Le sexe dn militantisme. Paris: Presses de Sciences Po.
64. Fisher, James T. 1997. Living Martyrs: Individuals and Revolution in Nepal. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
65. Foucault, Michel. 1976. Histoire de la sexualité, t. 1, La Volonté de Savoir. Paris: Gallimard.
66. Foucault, Michel. 1984. Histoire de la Sexualité, t. 3, Le Souci de Soi. Paris: Gallimard.
67. Fox, Aaron and Christine Yano (eds). Forthcoming. 'Introduction: Global Country', in Songs Out of Place: Country Musics of the World. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
68. Fujikura, Tatsuro. 2003. 'The Role of Collective Imagination in the Maoist Conflict in Nepal', Himalaya, 23(1): 21-30.
69. Gaenszle, Martin, B. Bickel, E. Lieven, G. Banjade, I. Rai, M. Rai, N. Paudyal, N.K. Rai, and S. Stoll. 2005. 'Worshiping the King God: A Preliminary Analysis of Chintang Ritual Language in the Invocation of Rajdeo', in Y. Yadava, G. Bhattarai, R.R. Lohani, B. Prasain, and K. Parajuli (eds), Contemporary Issues in Nepalese Linguistics. Kathmandu: Linguistic Society of Nepal, pp. 33-47.
70. Gaige, Frederick H. 2009 [1975]. Regionalism and National Unity in Nepal. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha/Himal Books.
71. Gat, Azar. 2008. War in Human Civilization. New York: Oxford University Press.
72. Gautam, Rajesh (ed.). 2001 (2058 VS). Karmayogi Rajnitigya Krishna Prasad Bhattarai. Kathmandu: B.P. Prakashan.
73. Gautam, Rajesh (ed.). 2006 (2063 VS). Nepalko Prajatantrik Andolan ra Da. Ke. Ai. Singh. Kathmandu: Nurpratap J.B. Rana.
74. Gautam, S., A. Banskota, and R. Manchanda. 2001. 'Where There Are No Men: Women in the Maoist Insurgency in Nepal', in R. Manchanda (ed.), Women, War and Peace in South Asia: from Victimhood to Agency. New Delhi: Sage Publications, pp. 214-51.
75. Gayer, Laurent. 2011a. 'Des "Princesses" Chez les "lions": Parcours de Vie de Recrues Féminines de la Guérilla Sikhe', Purushartha, 20: 267-90.
76. Gayer, Laurent. 2011b. 'Have Gun, Will Travel: Interpreting the Trajectories of Female Irregular Combatants', in Y. Guichaoua (ed.), Understanding Collective Political Violence. Basingstoke: Palgrave-Macmillan, pp. 105-23.
77. Gayer, Laurent and Christophe Jaffrelot (eds). 2009. Armed Militias of South Asia: Fundamentalists, Maoists and Separatists. London: Hurst; and New York: Columbia University Press.
78. Gellner, David. 1986. 'Language, Caste, Religion and Territory: Newar Identity Ancient and Modern', European Journal of Sociology, 27: 102-48.
79. Gellner, David (ed.). 2003a. 'Introduction: Transformations of the Nepalese State', in Resistance and the State: Nepalese Experiences. New Delhi: Social Science Press, pp. 1-30.
80. Gellner, David (ed.). 2003b. Resistance and the State: Nepalese Experiences. New Delhi: Social Science Press.
81. Gellner, David (ed.). 2010. Inside Organizations: Anthropologists at Work. Oxford: Berg.
82. Gersony, R. 2003. 'Sowing in the Wind... History and Dynamics of the Maoist Revolt in Nepal's Rapti Hills', Report submitted to Mercy Corps International, p. 101.
83. Ghale, Bimala. 2004. 'Yuddhamorchabata Nai Jivan Saathiko Hatyako Badla Linuparchha', Janadesh, 13(37, 10 August). Available online at (accessed on 5 December 2006).
84. Ghos, Partha S. 1989. Cooperation and Conflict in South Asia. New Delhi: Manohar.
85. Gill, Peter. 2009. 'Politics of Land Reform in Nepal: 1951-1964', Studies in Nepali History and Society, 14(2): 217-59.
86. Ginzburg, Carlo. 1999. History, Rhetoric, and Proof. Hanover: University Press of New England. [French translation in 2003. Rapports de force: Histoire, Rhétorique, Preuve. Paris: Seuil.]
87. Giri, Gitu. 1995 (2052 VS). Pyuthan Rajyako Aitihasik Jhalak. Pyuthan: Jilla Vikas Samiti.
88. Giuseppe, Fr. 1799. 'An Account of the Kingdom of Nepal, Communicated by John Shore', Asiatick Researches, II(XVII): 307-22.
89. Goait, J.K. 2007. 'History of Terai in Nepal: Nepalese Rule in Terai'. Available online at (accessed on 3 April 2010).
90. Goodwin, Jeff. 1997. 'The Libidinal Constitution of a High Risk Social Movement: Affectual Ties and Solidarity in the Huk Rebellion, 1946 to 1954', American Sociological Review, 62(1): 53-69.
91. Grandin, Ingemar. 1989. Music and Media in Local Life: Music Practice in a Newar Neighborhood. Lingköping: Lingköping University Press.
92. Grandin, Ingemar. 1996. 'To Change the Face of this Country: Nepalese Progressive Songs under Panchayat Democracy', Journal of South Asian Literature, 29(1): 175-89.
93. Grandin, Ingemar. 2005a. 'Music under Development: Children's Songs, Artists, and the (Panchayat) State', Studies in Nepali History and Society, 10(2):255-93.
94. Grandin, Ingemar. 2005b. 'The Soundscape of the Radio: Engineering Modern Songs and Superculture in Nepal', in P. Greene (ed.), Wired for Sound. Middletown: Wesleyan University Press, pp. 222-44.
95. Greene, Paul D. 2002-3. 'Nepal's Lok Pop Music: Representations of the Folk, Tropes of Memory, and Studio Techniques', Asian Music, 34(1): 43-66.
96. Greene, Paul D. 2005. 'Mixed Messages: Unsettled Cosmopolitanism in Nepali Pop', Popular Music, 20(2): 169-87.
97. Greene, Paul D. and David Henderson. 2000. 'At the Crossroads of Languages, Musics and Emotions in Kathmandu', Popular Music and Society, 24(3): 95-116.
98. Greenfeld, Liah. 2007. Nationalism and the Mind: Essays on Modern Culture. India: Brijbasi Art Press.
99. Griffith, S.B. 1961. Mao Tse Tung on Guerrilla Warfare. New York: Praeger.
100. Grojean, Olivier. 2008. 'La production de l'Homme nouveau au sein du PKK', European Journal of Turkish Studies, no. 8. Available online at (accessed on 4 December 2012).
101. Gupta, Anirudha. 1993. Politics in Nepal, 1950-60. Delhi: Kalinga Publications.
102. Gyawali, Bhojbikram. n.d. 2007 ko Sashastra Kranti. Biratnagar: Madhav Gyawali.
103. Hachhethu, Krishna. 2008-9. 'The Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist): Transformation from an Insurgency Group to a Competitive Political Party', Special Issue, 'Revolutionary Nepal', European Bulletin of Himalayan Research, 33-4: 39-72.
104. Hackett, J. 1983. The Profession of Arms. London: Sidgwick and Jackson.
105. Hamilton, Francis Buchanan. 1990 [1810]. An Account of the Kingdom of Nepal. New Delhi: Asian Educational Service.
106. Henderson, David. 1996. 'Emotion and Devotion, Lingering and Longing in Some Nepali Songs', Ethnomusicology, 40(3): 440-68.
107. Henderson, David. 2002-3. 'Who Needs "The Folk"? A Nepali Remodeling Project', Asian Music, 34(1): 19-42.
108. Herzfeld, Michael. 2005. Cultural Intimacy: Social Poetics in the Nation-State. New York: Routledge.
109. Hibbert, Christopher. 1980. The Great Mutiny: India 1857. London: Penguin Books.
110. Hobsbawm, Eric. 1959. Primitive Rebels: Studies in Archaic Forms of Social Movement in the 19th and 20th Centuries. Manchester: University of Manchester Press.
111. Hobsbawm, Eric. 1969a. Bandits. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
112. Hobsbawm, Eric. 1969b. 'Revolution Is Puritan', New Society, 22 May.
113. Hochschild, Arlie R. 1983. The Managed Heart: Commercialization of Human Feeling. Berkeley: University of California Press.
114. Hochschild, Arlie R. 2002. 'Emotion Management in an Age of Global Terrorism', Soundings: A Journal of Politics and Culture, 20: 117-26.
115. Hoftun, Martin, John Whelpton, and William Raeper. 1999. People, Politics and Ideology: Democracy and Social Change in Nepal. Kathmandu: Mandala.
116. Holmberg, David and Kathryn March. 1999. 'Local Production/Local Knowledge: Forced Labour from Below', Studies in Nepali History and Society, 4(1): 5-64.
117. Holmberg, David. 2006. 'Violence, Non-violence, Sacrifice, Rebellion and the State', Studies in Nepali History and Society, 11(1): 31-64.
118. Horton, L. 1998. Peasants in Arms: War and Peace in the Mountains of Nicaragua, 1979-1994. Ohio: Ohio University Center for International Studies.
119. Hutt, Michael (ed.). 2004. Himalayan 'People's War': Nepal's Maoist Rebellion. London: Hurst and Co.
120. Janadesh. 2003. 'Bargasangarsako Ghanibhut Sthal Thawang: Ek Shabda Jitra', 12(18, 22 July).
121. Hutt, Michael (ed.). 2005. 'Euta Krantikari Jodda Jasko Shahadatma Hajaraun Roe', 14(21, 3 May).
122. Jeni. 2004. 'Nepali Krantikari Mahilaka Naya Abhibharaharu', Adha Sansar, 13(35, 27 July).
123. Joshi, Ramhari. 1991 (2048 VS). Nepalko Nabhambar Kranti, 2nd ed. Kathmandu: Antarastriya Manch.
124. Joshi, Bhuwan L. and Leo E. Rose. 1966. Democratic Innovations in Nepal. Berkeley: University of California.
125. Kannabiran, Vasant, Kalpana Kannabiran, and Volga. 2004. 'Andhra Pradesh: Women's Rights and Naxalite Groups', Economic and Political Weekly, 4(6 November): 874-7.
126. Kandel, Uttam. 2009 (2066 VS). Jokhimka Paila. Dadhing: Shahid Smriti Sancar Sahakari Samstha.
127. Karki, Arjun and David Seddon (eds). 2003. The People's War in Nepal: Left Perspectives. New Delhi: Adroit.
128. Karki, Govindamansingh. 2008 (2065 VS). V. S. 2007 Salko Jankrantima Bhojpur. Bhojpur: Naradmuni Thulung Smriti Parishad.
129. Keegan, J. 1993. A History of Warfare. London: Hutchinson.
130. Keegan, J. and A. Wheatcroft. 1976. Who's Who in Military History from 1453 to the Present Day. New York: William Morrow and Co.
131. Khambu, Gopal. 2004. 'Prem-vivah jindabad!' Janadesh, 13(30, 22 June). Available online at (accessed on 5 December 2006).
132. Khanal, Sardar Yadunath. 1986. 'Nepal in 1985: An Uneasy Year', Asian Survey, 26(2): 246-52.
133. Kirk, Robin. 1993. Grabado en Piedra: Las Mujeres de Sendero Luminoso. Lima: Instituto de Estudios Peruanos.
134. Kirkpatrick, William. 1811. An Account of the Kingdom of Nepal. London: W. Miller.
135. Klatch, Rebecca. 2004. 'The Underside of Social Movements: The Effects of Destructive Affective Ties', Qualitative Sociology, 27(4, December): 487-509.
136. Koirala, B.P. 2001. Atmabrittanta: Late Life Recollections, trans. K.M. Dixit. Kathmandu: Himal Books.
137. Koirala, M.P. 2008. A Role in a Revolution. Kathmandu: Jagadamba Prakashan.
138. Koirala, Omnath. 2001 (2058 VS). Sat Salko Kranti. Kathmandu: Omnath Koirala.
139. Koller, John M. 1974. 'Philosophical Aspects of Maoist Thought', Studies in East European Thought, 14(1-2): 47-59.
140. Kranti, Com. (Kamla Roka). 2010. '21 aon shatabdiko jankamyun ra mahila muktiko saval' [21st Century's People's Commune and the Question of Women's Freedom], Adhar Ilaka Buletin, Kartik, 2067(October/November): 17-19.
141. Kshetry, Renu. 2009. 'Baby Boom in Maoist Army', ipsnews.net. Available online at (accessed on 4 December 2012).
142. Kunwar, Chetan. 2004. 'Janmukti Senama Yasari Samarpit Hundaichhan Mahilaharu', Janadesh, XX(15, 30 March). Available online at (accessed on 5 December 2006).
143. Kuo-chün, Chao. 1959. 'Leadership in the Chinese Communist Party', Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 321(1): 40-50.
144. Lagroye, Jacques. 2006. La Vérité dans l'église Catholique:Contestations et Restauration d'un Régime d'autorité. Paris: Belin.
145. Lahire, Bernard. 2002. 'Objectivation, Critique Sociale et Disqualification', Mouvements, 24: 46-52.
146. Lakshmi. 2004. 'Janyuddha ko Bikas Sangai Mahila Andolan ko Bikas', Adha Sansar, 13(41, 7 September).
147. Lal, C.K. 2006. 'Cultural Flows across a Blurred Boundary'. Available online at (accessed on 4 December 2012).
148. Lanzona, Vina A. 2009. Amazons of the Huk Rebellion: Gender, Sex, and Revolution in the Philippines. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
149. Lawoti, Mahendra and Anup K. Pahari (eds). 2010. The Maoist Insurgency in Nepal: Revolution in the Twenty-first Century. New Delhi: Routledge.
150. Lecomte-Tilouine, Marie. 1993. Les Dieux du Pouvoir. Les Magar et l'hindouisme au Népal Central. Paris: CNRS.
151. Lecomte-Tilouine, Marie. 2000. 'Utopia and Ideology Among the Magars: Lakhan Thapa Versus Mao Dzedong?' European Bulletin of Himalayan Research, 19: 73-97.
152. Lecomte-Tilouine, Marie. 2003. 'The History of the Messianic and Rebel King Lakhan Thapa: Utopia and Ideology among the Magar', in D. Gellner (ed.). Resistance and the State: Nepalese Experiences. New Delhi: Social Science Press, pp. 244-78.
153. Lecomte-Tilouine, Marie. 2004. 'Regicide and Maoist Revolutionary Warfare in Nepal: Modern incarnations of a Warrior Kingdom', Anthropology Today, 20(1): 13-19. [Reprinted in Lecomte-Tilouine (2009a: 220-36).]
154. Lecomte-Tilouine, Marie. 2006. 'Kill One He Becomes One Hundred: Martyrdom as Generative Sacrifice in the Nepal People's War', Social Analysis, 50(1): 51-72. [Reprinted in Lecomte-Tilouine (2009a: 238-65).]
155. Lecomte-Tilouine, Marie. 2008-9. 'What "Really" Happened in Dullu', Special Issue, 'Revolutionary Nepal', European Bulletin of Himalayan Research, 33-4: 143-70.
156. Lecomte-Tilouine, Marie. 2009a. Hindu Kingship, Ethnic Revival and Maoist Rebellion in Nepal. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
157. Lecomte-Tilouine, Marie. 2009b. 'Terror in a Maoist Model Village, Mid-western Nepal', Dialectical Anthropology, 33(3-4): 383-401. [Reprinted in Shah and Pettigrew (2011).]
158. Lecomte-Tilouine, Marie. 2009c. 'Fighting with Ideas: Maoist and Popular Conceptions of the Nepalese People's War', in L. Gayer and C. Jaffrelot (eds), Armed Militias of South Asia. Fundamentalists, Maoists and Separatists. London/New York: Hurst/Columbia University Press, pp. 65-89.
159. Lecomte-Tilouine, Marie. 2009d. 'Ruling Social Groups-From Species to Nation: Reflections on Changing Conceptions of Caste and Ethnicity in Nepal', in D. Gellner (ed.), Ethnic Activism and Civil Society in South Asia. New Delhi: Sage Publications, pp. 291-336.
160. Lecomte-Tilouine, Marie. 2010a. 'Political Change and Cultural Revolution in a Maoist Model Village, Midwestern Nepal', in M. Lawoti and A.K. Pahari (eds), The Maoist Insurgency in Nepal. London: Routledge, pp. 115-32.
161. Lecomte-Tilouine, Marie. 2010b. 'Martyrs and Living Martyrs of the People's War in Nepal', South Asia Multidisciplinary Academic Journal, no. 4. Available online at (accessed on 4 December 2012).
162. Lecomte-Tilouine M. and C. Michaud. 2000. 'From the Mine to the Fields: History of the Exploitation of the Slope in Darling', in P. Ramirez (ed.), Resunga, the Mountain of the Horned Sage. Kathmandu: Himal, pp. 222-64.
163. Lénine, Vladimir Ilitch. 1976. æuvres, vol. 29. Paris: Éditions Sociales.
164. Levi, Giovanni. 1989. 'Les Usages de la Biographie', Annales ESC, 44(6): 1325-36.
165. Lutz, Tom. 2002. 'Men's Tears and the Role of Melodrama', in M. Shamir and J. Travis (eds), Boys Don't Cry. New York: Columbia University Press, pp. 185-204.
166. Magar, Amrita Thapa. 2004. 'Yuddhma Sahbhagi Mahilaka Kehi Samasyaharu', Adha Sansar 13(34, 20 July).
167. Magar, Amrita Thapa. 2010. 'Interview with Amrita Thapa Magar'. Available online at (accessed on 4 December 2012)
168. Magar 'Dhruva', H. Baral. 2010 (2067 VS). Samar Yatra. Kathmandu: Kalpana Kaucha Ritu.
169. Mahmood, Saba. 2005. Politics of Piety: The Islamic Revival and the Feminist Subject. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
170. Majendie, Vivian Dering. 1859. Up Among the Pandies: A Year's Service in India. London: Routledge.
171. Manandhar, Prabin and David Seddon (eds). 2010. In Hope and Fear: Living through the People's War in Nepal. Delhi: Adroit Publishers.
172. Manjul. 1988. Samjhanaka Pailaharu: Giti Yatra Samsmaran. Kathmandu: Ananda.
173. Mariot, Nicolas. 2003. 'Faut-il être Motivé pour Tuer? Sur Quelques Explications aux Violences de Guerre', Genèses, 53: 154-77.
174. Mazumdar, Rajit K. 2003. Indian Army and the Making of Punjab. Delhi: Permanent Black.
175. Metcalf, Barbara. 2004. 'The Past in the Present: Instruction, Pleasure, and Blessing in Maulana Muhammad Zakariyya's Aap Biittii', in D. Arnold and S. Blackburn (eds), Telling Lives in India.Biography, Autobiography, and Life History. Delhi: Permanent Black, pp. 116-43.
176. Mishra, Chaitanya. 2007 [2004]. 'Locating the Causes of the Maoist Struggle', Essays on the Sociology of Nepal. Kathmandu: FinePrint, pp. 81-146.
177. Moisala, Pirkko. 1991. Cultural Cognition in Music: Continuity and Change in the Gurung Music Culture of Nepal, vol. 4. Suomen Etnomusikologinen Seura. Jyväskylä: Gummerus, p. 345.
178. Molnar, A. 1980. 'Flexibility and Option: A Study of the Dynamics of Women's Participation Amongthe Kham Magar of Nepal', Madison, PhD dissertation, University of Wisconsin, Madison.
179. Molnar, A. 1981. The Kham-Magar Women of Thabang. Manila: Regional Service Centre.
180. Molnar, A. 1982. 'Women and Politics: Case of the Kham-Magar of Western Nepal', American Ethnologist, 9(3): 485-502.
181. Mottin, Monica. 2010. 'Catchy Melodies and Clenched Fists: Performance as Politics in Maoist Cultural Programs', in M. Lawoti and A. Pahari (eds), The Maoist Insurgency in Nepal. New York: Routledge, pp. 52-72.
182. Naiman, Eric. 1997. Sex in Public. The Incarnation of Early Soviet Ideology. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
183. Narayan Swamy, M.R. 2003. Inside an Elusive Mind: Prabhakaran. Colombo: Vijitha Yapa publications.
184. Nehru, Jawaharlal. 1981. Discovery of India. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
185. Neu, Jerome. 2000. A Tear is an Intellectual Thing. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
186. Nyaupane, Daivagyaraj (ed.). 1994 (2051 VS). Naradmuni Thulung Smritigranth 2051. Kathmandu: Bhojpur Sewa Samaj.
187. Nigam, Aditya. 2008. 'Reflections on Revolutionary Violence'. Available online at (accessed in December 2010).
188. Nugent, David. 1997. Modernity at the Edge of Empire. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
189. O'Keeffe, Alice. 2008. 'Jungle Fever', The Observer, 24 August. Available online at (accessed on 4 December 2012).
190. 'OCHA/OHCHR IDP Mission to Jumla and Mugu Districts', 2-10 August 2006. Available online at (accessed on 4 December 2012).
191. Ogura, Kiyoko. 2004. 'Realities and Images of Nepal's Maoists Afterthe Attack on Beni', European Bulletin of Himalayan Research, 27: 67-125.
192. Ogura, Kiyoko. 2006. 'Meeting Pasang in Rolpa', Nepali Times, no. 305, 13 July.
193. Ogura, Kiyoko. 2007. 'Maoists, People and the State as seen from Rolpa and Rukum', in D. Gellner, H. Ishii, and K. Nawa (eds), Political and Social Transformations in North India and Nepal. Delhi: Manohar, pp. 435-78.
194. Ogura, Kiyoko. 2008a. 'Maoist People's Government 2001-2005', in D. Gellner and K. Hachhethu (eds), Local Democracy in South Asia: Microprocesses of Democratization in Nepal and Its Neighbours. New Delhi: Sage Publications, pp. 175-231.
195. Ogura, Kiyoko. 2008b. Seeking State Power: The Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist). Berlin: Berghof series. Resistance/Liberation Movements and Transition to Politics. Available online at (accessed on 4 December 2012).
196. Onesto, Li. 2005a. Dispatches from the People's War in Nepal. Chicago: Insight Press.
197. Onesto, Li. 2005b. 'Indian Army Intervenes against the Nepal People's War', Revolutionary Worker, no. 1273, 3 April 2005. Available online at (accessed on 30 January 2005).
198. Onta, Pratyoush. 2005. 'Introduction', in Pratyoush Onta, Shekhar Parajulee, Devraj Humagain, Krishna Adhikari, and Komal Bhatta (eds), Radio Nepalko Samajik Itihas. Kathmandu: Marlin Chautari.
199. Pande, Bhim Bahadur. 1988 (2045 VS). Tyas Bakhatko Nepal, Bhag 4. Kathmandu: Centre for Nepal and Asian Studies.
200. Pandey, Binda. 2001. Women's Participation in Nepali Labour Movement. Kathmandu: General Federation of Nepalese Trade Union, Nepal.
201. Pangeni, Bhaveshwar. 1996 (2053 VS). Paschim Nepalma Prajatantrik Andolan 2007. Kathmandu: Shobhadevi Bholanath Trust.
202. Pangeni, Bhaveshwar. 2005. Da. Ke. Ai Singh ra Nepalko Rajniti (VS 2007-2017). Delhi: Adroit.
203. Parajuli, Shekhar, Devraj Humagain, Krishna Adhikari, and Komal Bhatta. 2004 (2061 VS). 'Introduction', in P. Onta, S. Parajuli, D. Humagain, K. Bhatta, and K. Adhikari (eds), Radio Nepalko Samajik Itihas. Kathmandu: Martin Chautari, pp. 1-35.
204. Parmanand. 1982. The Nepali Congress since Its Inception. Delhi: B.R. Publishing.
205. Parvati. 2007a. 'Ten Years of People's War and the Question of Women's Liberation', in Hisila Yami (ed.), People's War and Women's Liberation in Nepal. Kathmandu: Janadwani Publications, pp. 1-12.
206. Parvati. 2007b. 'Women's Position in the Party, People's Army and the New State', in Hisila Yami (ed.), People's War and Women's Liberation in Nepal. Kathmandu: Janadwani Publications, pp. 69-89.
207. Parvati. 2007 [1999]. 'Women's Participation in People's War in Nepal', The Worker, 5 October, pp. 13-30.
208. Parvati. 2007 [2003]. 'The Question of Women's Leadership in People's War in Nepal', Monthly Review, pp. 31-48.
209. Parvati. 2007 [2004]. 'Women's Participation in People's Army', The Worker, 9 February, pp. 49-68.
210. Pasang (Nanda Kishor Pun). 2008. Red Strides of the History. Kathmandu: Agnipariksha Janaprakashan Griha.
211. Passeron, J.C. and J. Revel. 2005. Penser par cas. Paris: École des hautes études en sciences sociales.
212. Pemble, John. 1971. The Invasion of Nepal: John Company at War. Oxford: Clarendon Press. [Reissue with corrections in 2008. London: Frontline Books.]
213. Pemble, John. 2009. 'Forgetting and Remembering Britain's Gurkha War', Asian Affairs, 40(3): 361-76.
214. Pettigrew, Judith. 2007. 'Learning To Be Silent: Change, Childhood and the Maoist Insurgency in Nepal', in D. Gellner, H. Ishii, and K. Nawa (eds), Nepalis Inside and Outside Nepal. Delhi: Manohar, pp. 307-50.
215. Pettigrew, Judith and Kamal Adhikari. 2010. '"There is Nowhere Safe": Intrusion, Negotiation and Resistance in a Hill Village in Central Nepal', in P. Manandhar and D. Seddon (eds), In Hope and Fear: Living Through the People's War in Nepal. Delhi: Adroit, pp. 134-55.
216. Pigg, Stacy L. 1992. 'Inventing Social Categories through Place: Social Presentation and Development in Nepal', Comparative Studies in Society and History, 34(3): 491-513.
217. Pokharel, Rajan Prasad. 2007. 'Krishna Sen Ichhuk's Poems: The Voice of the Oppressed', The Worker, no. 11. Available online at (accessed on 4 December 2012).
218. Pokhrel, Ganesh and Rakesh Vasyal. 1998 (2055 VS). Rapti Paschimko Prajatantrik Andolan. Gulariya: S. Pokhrel.
219. Post, M. 2003. 'Gold Rush in Dolpa', Nepali Times, no. 151, 27 June. Available online at , accessed 4/12/2012.
220. Poudel, U.K. (ed.). 2006. Human Rights Yearbook 2006-Highlight of the Year: Deepening National Crisis. Kathmandu: Informal Sector Service Centre.
221. Prachanda, Com. and Other Leaders of the CPN (Maoist). 2004. Problems and Prospects of Revolution in Nepal: A Collection of Articles by Com. Prachanda and Other Leaders of the CPN (Maoist). Kathmandu: Janadisha Publications.
222. Pradhan, Bhuvanlal. 1990 (2047 VS). Nepalko Jankranti 2007. Kathmandu: Rumu Prakashan.
223. Pradhan, Gajendra Mani. 2007 (2064 VS). '2007 ko Kranti ra Bhojpurko Den', in D. Rai (ed.), 2007 Salma Bhojpur. Kathmandu: Naradmuni Smriti Parishad, pp. 1-43.
224. Pradhan, Kumar. 1991. The Gorkha Conquests: The Process and Consequences of the Unification of Nepal with Particular Reference to Eastern Nepal. Calcutta: Oxford University Press.
225. Pradhan, Kumar. 2009. The Gorkha Conquests: The Process and Consequences of the Unification of Nepal with Particular Reference to Eastern Nepal. Kathmandu: Social Science Baha/Himal Books.
226. Pun Magar, J.B. 2006. 'Darbarko Swarth', Himal K.P., 1 September.
227. Quigley, Declan. 1987. 'Ethnicity without Nationalism: The Newars of Nepal', European Journal of Sociology, 28: 152-70.
228. Qureshi, Regula. 1997. 'The Indian Sarangi: Sound of Affect, Site of Contest', The Yearbook for Traditional Music, 29: 1-38.
229. Rai, Dhruvadev. 2007 (2064 VS). 2007 Salma Bhojpur. Kathmandu: Naradmuni Smriti Parishad.
230. Rai, Jay. 1987 (2044 VS). Ramprasad Raiko Shrinkalabaddha Bidroh ra Hatuva. Kathmandu: Balkumari Rai.
231. Rai, Karnabahadur. n.d. 2007 salko krantima Bhojpur Jillako gatividhi. Kathmandu: Karnabahadur Rai Prakashan.
232. Rai, Tankabahadur. 1994 (2051 VS). Jananayak Ram Prasad Rai. Kathmandu: Tanka Chamling.
233. Rai, Tara. 2010. Chhapamar Yuwatiko Dairy. Kathmandu: Ratna Pustak Bhandar.
234. Raj, Yogesh. 2006. 'A Short description of Napaul by Father Giuseppe: A Text in the British Library, London', Studies in Nepali History and Society, 11(2): 241-70.
235. Rana, Madhukar. 2007. 'Indo-Nepal Strategic Partnership for the Asian Century: From Dependency to Interdependence; Landlocked to Transit State, and Buffer to Bridge State'. Available online at (accessed on 8 April 2010).
236. Rawal, Bhim. 2007. The Communist Movement in Nepal: Origin and Development. Kathmandu/Achham: Forum CPN (UML).
237. Ray, Rabindra. 2002. The Naxalites and Their Ideology. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
238. Regmi, D.R. 1952. Whither Nepal? Kathmandu: N.K. Publishers.
239. Regmi, Mahesh Chandra. 1984. 'Bhote and Murmi Rebels', Regmi Research Series, 16: 129-30.
240. Regmi, Mahesh Chandra. 1999. Imperial Gorkha: An Account of Gorkhali Rule in Kumaun (1791-1815). Delhi: Adroit Publishers.
241. Rokka, Kamala. 2010. '21 Aon Shatabdiko Jankamyun ra Mahila Muktiko Saval', Adhar Ilaka Buletin. Kartik, pp. 17-19.
242. Rose, Leo E. 1965. 'Communism under High Atmospheric Conditions: The Party in Nepal', in R. Scalapino (ed.), The Communist Revolution in Asia: Tactics, Goals, and Achievements. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall, pp. 363-90.
243. Rose, Leo E. 2010 [1971]. Nepal: Strategy for Survival, South Asia edition. Kathmandu: Mandala Book Point.
244. Roy, Anirban. 2008. Prachanda: The Unknown Revolutionary. Kathmandu: Mandala Book Point.
245. Roy, Mallarika Sinha. 2010. Gender and Radical Politics in India: Magic Moments of Naxalbari (1967-1975). New York: Routledge.
246. Safer World. 2010. Common Ground? Gendered Assessment of the Needs and Concerns of Maoist Army Combatants for Rehabilitation and Integration. Kathmandu.
247. Sales, Anne de. 1986. 'The Nâchane of the Kham-Magar: Ethnographic Notes on a Group of Religious Dancers', in K. Seeland (ed.), Recent Research on Nepal. München: Weltforum Verlag, pp. 97-111.
248. Sales, Anne de. 1991. 'Je suis né de vosjeux de tambours', La religion chamanique des Magar du nord. Nanterre: Société d'ethnologie.
249. Sales, Anne de. 2000. 'The Kham-Magar Country, Nepal: Between Ethnic Claims and Maoism', European Bulletin of Himalayan Research, 19: 41-71. [Reprinted in Gellner (2003b: 326-57).]
250. Sales, Anne de. 2003. 'Remarks on Revolutionary Songs and Iconography', European Bulletin of Himalayan Research, 24: 4-28.
251. Sales, Anne de. 2009. 'From Ancestral Conflicts to Local Empowerment: Two Narratives from a Nepalese Community', Dialectical Anthropology, 33(3-4): 365-81. [Reprinted in Shah and Pettigrew (2011).]
252. Sales, Anne de. 2010. 'The Biography of a Magar Communist', in D. Gellner (ed.), Varieties of Activist Experiences in South Asia. New Delhi: Sage Publications, pp. 18-45.
253. Sales, Anne de. 2013. 'From the Borders of the Country to the Special District: The Vicissitudes of the Kham-Magar History', in J. Smadja (ed.), Restrunturing of the Territorries in the Himalaya. New Delhi: Adroit Publishers, pp. 161-77.
254. Sandhya, Com. (Amrita Thapa Magar). 2004. 'Yuddhma Sahbhagi Mahilaka Kehi Samasyaharu' [Some Problems Faced by Women in the War], Aadhasansar, 13(34, Shrawan 05, 2061/20 July 2004).
255. Sawyer, R. (trans). 1993. The Seven Great Military Classics of Ancient China. Boulder: Westview Press.
256. Scalapino, Robert A. (ed.). 1965. The Communist Revolution in Asia: Tactics, Goals, and Achievements. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.
257. Schalk, Peter. 1994. 'Women Fighters of the Liberation Tigers in Tamil Īlam: The Martial Feminism of Atēl Palacinkam', South Asia Research, 14(2): 163-95.
258. Schalk, Peter. 1997. 'Resistance and Martyrdom in the Process of State Formation of Tamililam', in Joyce Pettigrew (ed.), Martyrdom and Political Resistance: Essays from Asia and Europe. Amsterdam: VU University Press, pp. 61-83.
259. Scott, James. 1979. 'Revolution in the Revolution: Peasants and Commissars', Theory and Society, 7(1/2): 97-134.
260. Scott, James. 1985. Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance. New Havens: Yale University Press.
261. Scott, James. 2009. The Art of Not Being Governed. New Haven: Yale University Press.
262. Seddon, David and Arjun Karki. 2010. 'From Insurgency to Civil War', in P. Manandhar and D. Seddon (eds), In Hope and Fear: Living Through the People's War in Nepal. Delhi: Adroit, pp. 66-89.
263. Shaha, Rishikesh. 1990. Modern Nepal: A Political History 1769-1955. Delhi: Manohar.
264. Shaha, Rishikesh. 2003 [1996]. 'Idea and Reality, Nepal and Rolpa', in D. Thapa (ed.), Understanding the Maoist Movement of Nepal. Kathmandu: Chautari Book series, pp. 49-52.
265. Shah, Alpa. 2009. 'In Search of Certainty in Revolutionary India', Dialectical Anthropology, 33(3-4): 271-86. [Reprinted in Shah and Pettigrew (2011).]
266. Shah, Alpa and Judith Pettigrew. 2011. Windows into a Revolution: Ethnographies of Maoism in India and Nepal. Delhi: Social Science Press.
267. Shah, Bibek Kumar. 2011. Maile Dekheko Darbar. Kathmandu: Yeti Publication.
268. Shah, Saubhagya. 2004. 'A Himalayan Red Herring? Maoist Revolution in the Shadow of the Legacy Raj', in M. Hutt (ed.), Himalayan People's War: Nepal's Maoist Rebellion. London: Hurst, pp. 192-224.
269. Shah, Surendra Bikram (Subi). 2007. Madal. Kathmandu: Sajha Prakashan.
270. Shakya, Bharatkumar. 1999 (2056 VS). 2007 Salko Kranti ra Chainpur. Chainpur: Sahitya Sadgam.
271. Shakya, Parmeshwar. n.d. Bhojpur Rajnaitik Itihasmaa Dhanbahadur Rai. Place and publication unknown.
272. Sharma, Balawati. 2004a. 'Janyuddha koVikas ra Mahila Mukti ko Prashna', Adha Sansar, 13(30, 22 June).
273. Sharma, Balawati. 2004b. 'Mahila Karyakartako Bikasbare', Adha Sansar, 13(39, 24 August).
274. Sharma, Balchandra. 1982 (2039 VS). Nepalko Aitihasik Ruprekha. Varanasi: Babu Madhavprasad Sharma.
275. Sharma, Bhawana. 2008. Gantantra ka Praneta: Ramraja Prasad Singh. Kathmandu: Pragya Foundation.
276. Sharma, Dipa. 2004. 'Kathit Sundari Pratiyogita Nari Asmitamathi Khelwad', Adha Sansar, 13 (36, 3 August).
277. Sharma, Mandira and Dinesh Prasain. 2004. 'Gender Dimensions of the People's War: Some Reflections on the Experience of Rural Women', in M. Hutt (ed.), Himalayan People's War: Nepal's Maoist Rebellion. London: Hurst, pp. 152-65.
278. Sharma, Om. 2004. 'Bhiyatnami Yauddha Bandaichhan Pashchim Nepalka Mahilaharu', Janadesh, 21 January. Available online at (accessed on 5 December 2006).
279. Shneiderman, Sara. 2003. 'Political Consciousness and Agency in Rural Nepal: Reflections from Dolakha and Sindhupalchowk', Paper presented at the Social Science Baha's 'Agenda for Transformation' conference, Kathmandu, 24-26 April.
280. Shneiderman, Sara. 2004. 'Violent Histories and Political Consciousness: Reflections on Nepal's Maoist Movement from Piskar Village', Himalaya, 23: 38-48.
281. Shneiderman, Sara. 2009. 'The Formation of Political Consciousness in Rural Nepal', Dialectical Anthropology, 33(3-4): 287-308.
282. Shneiderman, Sara. 2010. 'Are the Central Himalayas in Zomia? Some Scholarly and Political Considerations across Time and Space', Journal of Global History, 5(2) : 289-312.
283. Shrestha, B.K. 1993. A Himalayan Enclave in Transition: A Study of Change in the Western Mountains of Nepal. Kathmandu: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development.
284. Shrestha, B.P. (ed.). 1972 (2028 VS). 'Jumla: Katrīya Praśasanko īlbāa', in Karnali Pradesh: Ek Bito Adhayan. Jumla: B.P. Shrestha, pp. 65-80.
285. Shrestha, C.B. 2004. Nepal Coping with Maoist Insurgency: Conflict Analysis and Resolution. Kathmandu: Chetana Lokshum.
286. Shrestha, Naresh. 1996. 'Chintang Village Profile', A report. Kathmandu: Poverty Elimination and Rural Development Program (PERDEP).
287. Shrestha, Shiva Kumar. 1985 (2042 VS). Limbuvanako Aitihasik Adhyayan. Dhankuta: Gangadevi Shrestha.
288. Shrestha-Schipper, Satya. 2003. 'Religion et Pouvoir Chez des Indo-Népalais de l'ouest du Népal (Jumla)', PhD dissertation, Université Paris X Nanterre, France.
289. Shrestha-Schipper, Satya. 2008-9. 'Women's Participation in the People's War in Jumla', European Bulletin of Himalayan Research, 33-4: 105-22.
290. Shrivastav, Kashi Prasad. 1955. Nepal ki Kahani. Delhi: Atmaram and Sons.
291. Siméant, Johanna and Frédéric Sawicki. 2009. 'Décloisonner la Sociologie de l'engagement Militant: Note Critique sur Quelques Tendances Récentes des Travaux Français', Sociologie du Travail, 51(1): 97-125.
292. Simkhada, Dhruva. 2008. 'The Other Brother', Review of M.P. Koirala, A Role in a Revolution, Nepali Times, 424(7 November). Available online at (accessed on 4 December 2012).
293. Singh, Mohan Bikram. 2002 (2059 VS). Car Dashak, vol. 1. Gorakhpur: Jana Sahitya Prakashan.
294. Singh, Mohan Bikram. 2003 (2060 VS). Pyuthanko Apahara-kanda ra Rajnitik Bhandaphora Abhiyan. Place and publisher unknown.
295. Singh, Raj Kumar. 2009. Global Dimensions of Indo-Nepal Political Relations: Post Independence. Delhi: Gyan Publishing.
296. Singh, Ramraja Prasad. 2009. Gantantra ka Lagi Sangharsa. Kathmandu: Pragya Foundation.
297. Sitaula, Bhanubhakta. n.d. Nepalko Prajatantrik Sandarbhabhitrako Tehrathum Jillako Itihas. Kathmandu: Bhanubhakta Sitaula.
298. Skinner, Debra and Dorothy C. Holland. 1996. 'Schools and the Cultural Production of the Educated Person in a Nepalese Hill Community', in D.E. Foley, B.C. Levinson, and D.C. Holland (eds), The Cultural Production of the Educated Person. New York: State University of New York Press, pp. 273-99.
299. Slobin, Mark (ed.). 1996. 'Introduction', in Retuning Culture. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
300. Smith, Pam. 2002. 'Introduction: Regimes of Emotion', Soundings: A Journal of Politics and Culture, 20: 98.
301. Smith, S.L. 2002. 'Towards a Manifesto for Feelings', Soundings: A Journal of Politics and Culture, 20: 102.
302. Snellinger, Amanda. 2010. 'The Repertoire of Scientific Organization: Ideology, Identity and the Maoist Student Union', in M. Lawoti and A. Pahari (eds), The Maoist Insurgency in Nepal. London: Routledge, pp. 73-91.
303. Sommier, Isabelle. 2008. La Violence Révolutionnaire. Paris: Presses de Sciences Po.
304. Srivastava, Sanjay. 2006. Passionate Modernity: Sexuality, Class and Consumption in India. New Delhi: Routledge.
305. Steinmann, Brigitte (ed.). 2006. Le Maoïsme au Népal: Lectures d'une Révolution. Paris: CNRS.
306. Stiller, Ludwig. 1968. Prithvinarayan Shah in the Light of Dibya Upadesh. Ranchi: Catholic Press.
307. Stiller, Ludwig. 1973. The Rise of the House of Gorkha. Ranchi: Patna Jesuit Society.
308. Stirr, Anna. 2009. 'Exchanges of Song: Migration, Gender, and Nation in Nepali Dohori Performance', PhD dissertation, Columbia University.
309. Surendra, K.C. 1999 (2056 VS). Nepalma Kamyunist Andolanko Itihas. Kathmandu: Bidyarthi Pustak Bhandar.
310. Tamang, Parshuram. 2006 (2063 VS). Tamang Jati: Naya Sahasrabdi Bikas Agenda. Kathmandu: Nepal Tamang Ghedung.
311. Tamang, Shyamkumar. 1996 (2053 VS). Rajmukti Sena-Euta Nalekhieko Itihas. Kathmandu: Ekta Prakashan.
312. Tamang, Shyamkumar. 1999/2000 (2056 VS). Janamukti Sena: Euta Nalekhieko Itihas. Kathmandu: Ekta Prakashan.
313. Tawa-Lama-Rewal, Stéphanie. 2004. Femmes et Politiques en Inde et au Népal. Paris: Karthala.
314. Teñcipā, Nirman Simh and Rames Teñcipā. 2003. Lemlemma: Kirātī Lok kathā Sagraha. Kalebung, Darjeeling: Kiranti Khambu Rai Sanskritik Sansthan.
315. Thakur, Purnasingh. 1983 (2040 VS). Anubhav. Bhairawa: Shantidevi Thakur.
316. Thapa, Deepak (ed.). 2003. Understanding the Maoist Movement of Nepal. Kathmandu: Martin Chautari.
317. Thapa, Deepak with B. Sijapati. 2006. A Kingdom under Siege: Nepal's Maoist Insurgency, 1996 to 2004. Kathmandu: The Printhouse.
318. Thapa, D., K. Ogura, and J. Pettigrew. 2009. 'The Social Fabric of the Jelbang Killings, Nepal', Dialectical Anthropology, 33: 461-78.
319. Thapa, D., K. Ogura, and J. Pettigrew. 2012. 'The Social Fabric of the Jelbang Killings', in Alpa Shah and Judith Pettigrew (eds), Windows into a Revolution: Ethnographies of Marism in India and Nepal. New Delhi: Social Science Press, pp. 309-33.
320. Thapa, S. 1995. 'The Human Development Index: a Portrait of the 75 Districts in Nepal', Asia-Pacific Population Journal, 10(2): 3-14.
321. Thulung, Naradmuni. 2000 (2057 VS). Birseka Anuharharu Birsanu Nasakieka Ghatnaharu. Kathmandu: Naradmuni Thulung Smriti Parishad.
322. Tse-tung, Mao. 1972. 'On Literature and Art', in Berel Lang and Forrest Williams (eds), Marxism and Art: Writings in Aesthetics and Criticism. New York: David McKays, pp. 108-19.
323. Tzu, Sun. 1984. 'Strategic Military Power', in Art of War, trans. Ralph Sawyer. Westview Press.
324. Upadhyaya, Govenda Prasad. 1997 (2054 VS). Nepalko Prajatantrik Itihas Sandarbha. Kathmandu: Ratna Pustak Bhandar.
325. Upreti, Bedh Prakash. 1975. 'Analysis of Change in Limbu-Brahmin Interrelationship in Limbuan', PhD dissertation, University of Madison, Madison, WI.
326. Upreti, Bedh Prakash. 1976. 'Limbuwan Today: Process and Problems', Contributions to Nepalese Studies, 3(2): 47-70.
327. Upreti, B.R. 2004. The Price of Neglect: from Resource Conflict to Maoist Insurgency in the Himalayan Kingdom. Kathmandu: Bhrikuti Academic Publications.
328. Vaidya, Tulsi Ram. 1993. Prithvi Narayan Shah: The Founder of Modern Nepal. Delhi: Anmol.
329. Vindhya, U. 1998. 'Comrades-in-Arms: Sexuality and Identity in the Contemporary Revolutionary Movement in Andhra Pradesh and the Legacy of Chalam', in J. Nair and M. John (eds). A Question of Silence: The Sexual Economies of Modern India. Delhi: Kali for Women, pp. 167-91.
330. Weisethaunet, Hans. 1997. The Performance of Everyday Life: The Gaine of Nepal. Oslo: Scandinavian University Press.
331. Whelpton, John. 1983. Jang Bahadur in Europe: The First Nepalese Mission to the West. Kathmandu: Sahayogi Press.
332. Whelpton, John. 1991. Kings, Soldiers and Priests: Nepalese Politics and the Rise of Jang Bahadur Rana, 1830-1857. Delhi: Manohar.
333. Whelpton, John. 1995. 'Nepalese Political Parties: Developments since the 1991 Elections', European Bulletin of Himalayan Research, 8: 17-41.
334. Whelpton, John. 2005. A History of Nepal. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
335. Williams, Linda. 1998. 'Melodrama Revised', in N. Browne (ed.), Refiguring American Film Genres: History and Theory. Berkeley: University of California Press.
336. Williams, Raymond (ed.). 1977. 'Structures of Feeling', in Marxism and Literature. New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 130-5.
337. Wolf, E. 2001. 'Is the 'Peasantry' a Class?' in Pathways of Power. Berkeley: University of California Press, pp. 252-69.
338. Wood, Elisabeth J. 2003. Insurgent Collective Action and Civil War in El Salvador. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
339. Yami, Hisila. 2007. People's War and Women's Liberation in Nepal. Kathmandu: Janadwani Publications.
340. Yano, Christine Reiko. 2003. Tears of Longing: Nostalgia and the Nation in Japanese Popular Song. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
341. Zedong, Mao. 1967. æuvres Choisies, vol. 2. Beijing: Éditions en Langues Étrangères.
342. Zharkevitch, I.V. 2009. 'Becoming a Maoist in a Time of Insurgency: Youth in Nepal's "People's War"', Master's thesis, Oxford University, Oxford.