메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 103, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 513-525

Relative density and dispersion pattern of two southern African Asteraceae affect fecundity through heterospecific interference and mate availability, not pollinator visitation rate

Author keywords

Allee effects; Competition for pollinators; Density dependence; Facilitation; Plant plant interactions; Pollen limitation; Self fertilization

Indexed keywords

ALLEE EFFECT; AUTOGAMY; DENSITY DEPENDENCE; DICOTYLEDON; DISPERSION; FACILITATION; FECUNDITY; FLOWER VISITING; FRUIT SET; HETEROTROPHY; PLANT-POLLINATOR INTERACTION;

EID: 84922847140     PISSN: 00220477     EISSN: 13652745     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.12358     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (31)

References (60)
  • 1
    • 0030427795 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population size, pollinator limitation, and seed set in the self-incompatible herb Lythrum salicaria
    • Ågren, J. (1996) Population size, pollinator limitation, and seed set in the self-incompatible herb Lythrum salicaria. Ecology, 77, 1779-1790.
    • (1996) Ecology , vol.77 , pp. 1779-1790
    • Ågren, J.1
  • 2
    • 0036185873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative analysis of late floral development and mating-system evolution in tribe Collinsieae (Scrophulariaceae s.l.)
    • Armbruster, W.S., Mulder, C.P.H., Baldwin, B.G., Kalisz, S., Wessa, B. & Nute, H. (2002) Comparative analysis of late floral development and mating-system evolution in tribe Collinsieae (Scrophulariaceae s.l.). American Journal of Botany, 89, 37-49.
    • (2002) American Journal of Botany , vol.89 , pp. 37-49
    • Armbruster, W.S.1    Mulder, C.P.H.2    Baldwin, B.G.3    Kalisz, S.4    Wessa, B.5    Nute, H.6
  • 3
    • 84878879900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward a predictive understanding of the fitness costs of heterospecific pollen receipt and its importance in co-flowering communities
    • Ashman, T.-L. & Arceo-Gómez, G. (2013) Toward a predictive understanding of the fitness costs of heterospecific pollen receipt and its importance in co-flowering communities. American Journal of Botany, 100, 1061-1070.
    • (2013) American Journal of Botany , vol.100 , pp. 1061-1070
    • Ashman, T.-L.1    Arceo-Gómez, G.2
  • 4
    • 84922881288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • lme4: Linear mixed-effects models using Eigen and S4. R package version 1.0-5. Available at
    • Bates, D., Maechler, M., Bolker, B. & Walker, S. (2013) lme4: Linear mixed-effects models using Eigen and S4. R package version 1.0-5. Available at http://CRAN.R-project.org/package=lme4
    • (2013)
    • Bates, D.1    Maechler, M.2    Bolker, B.3    Walker, S.4
  • 5
    • 34249799147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of mate availability, population size, and spatial aggregation of morphs on sexual reproduction in a distylous, aquatic plant
    • Brys, R., Jacquemyn, H. & Hermy, M. (2007) Impact of mate availability, population size, and spatial aggregation of morphs on sexual reproduction in a distylous, aquatic plant. American Journal of Botany, 94, 119-127.
    • (2007) American Journal of Botany , vol.94 , pp. 119-127
    • Brys, R.1    Jacquemyn, H.2    Hermy, M.3
  • 6
    • 0000546753 scopus 로고
    • Predicting plant reproductive success from models of competition for pollination
    • Campbell, D.R. (1986) Predicting plant reproductive success from models of competition for pollination. Oikos, 47, 257-266.
    • (1986) Oikos , vol.47 , pp. 257-266
    • Campbell, D.R.1
  • 7
    • 0036143386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of plant abundance on pollination and selection on floral traits of Ipomopsis aggregata
    • Caruso, C.M. (2002) Influence of plant abundance on pollination and selection on floral traits of Ipomopsis aggregata. Ecology, 83, 241-254.
    • (2002) Ecology , vol.83 , pp. 241-254
    • Caruso, C.M.1
  • 8
    • 0032834851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Namaqualand, South Africa - an overview of a unique winter-rainfall desert ecosystem
    • Cowling, R.M., Esler, K.J. & Rundel, P.W. (1999) Namaqualand, South Africa - an overview of a unique winter-rainfall desert ecosystem. Plant Ecology, 142, 3-21.
    • (1999) Plant Ecology , vol.142 , pp. 3-21
    • Cowling, R.M.1    Esler, K.J.2    Rundel, P.W.3
  • 10
    • 84892771766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Floral polymorphism and the fitness implications of attracting pollinating and florivorous insects
    • De Jager, M.L. & Ellis, A.G. (2014) Floral polymorphism and the fitness implications of attracting pollinating and florivorous insects. Annals of Botany, 113, 213-222.
    • (2014) Annals of Botany , vol.113 , pp. 213-222
    • De Jager, M.L.1    Ellis, A.G.2
  • 11
    • 84899641471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selfing ability and dispersal are positively related, but not affected by range position: a multispecies study on southern African Asteraceae
    • De Waal, C., Rodger, J.G., Anderson, B. & Ellis, A.G. (2014) Selfing ability and dispersal are positively related, but not affected by range position: a multispecies study on southern African Asteraceae. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 27, 950-959.
    • (2014) Journal of Evolutionary Biology , vol.27 , pp. 950-959
    • De Waal, C.1    Rodger, J.G.2    Anderson, B.3    Ellis, A.G.4
  • 12
    • 84879606495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does the likelihood of an Allee effect on plant fecundity depend on the type of pollinator?
    • Duffy, K.J., Patrick, K.L. & Johnson, S.D. (2013) Does the likelihood of an Allee effect on plant fecundity depend on the type of pollinator? Journal of Ecology, 101, 953-962.
    • (2013) Journal of Ecology , vol.101 , pp. 953-962
    • Duffy, K.J.1    Patrick, K.L.2    Johnson, S.D.3
  • 13
    • 79960299109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of conspecific and heterospecific floral density on the pollination of two related rewarding orchids
    • Duffy, K.J. & Stout, J.C. (2011) Effects of conspecific and heterospecific floral density on the pollination of two related rewarding orchids. Plant Ecology, 212, 1397-1406.
    • (2011) Plant Ecology , vol.212 , pp. 1397-1406
    • Duffy, K.J.1    Stout, J.C.2
  • 14
    • 11244287284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant isolation reduces outcross pollen receipt in a partially self-compatible herb
    • Duncan, D.H., Nicotra, A.B., Wood, J.T. & Cunningham, S.A. (2004) Plant isolation reduces outcross pollen receipt in a partially self-compatible herb. Journal of Ecology, 92, 977-985.
    • (2004) Journal of Ecology , vol.92 , pp. 977-985
    • Duncan, D.H.1    Nicotra, A.B.2    Wood, J.T.3    Cunningham, S.A.4
  • 15
    • 33749986077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reproductive assurance and the evolution of uniparental reproduction in flowering plants
    • (eds L.D. Harder & S.C.H. Barrett) -. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
    • Eckert, C.G., Samis, K.E. & Dart, S. (2006) Reproductive assurance and the evolution of uniparental reproduction in flowering plants. The Ecology and Evolution of Flowers (eds L.D. Harder & S.C.H. Barrett ), pp. 183-203. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
    • (2006) The Ecology and Evolution of Flowers , pp. 183-203
    • Eckert, C.G.1    Samis, K.E.2    Dart, S.3
  • 16
    • 65249170792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolution of floral variation without pollinator shifts in Gorteria diffusa (Asteraceae)
    • Ellis, A.G. & Johnson, S.D. (2009) The evolution of floral variation without pollinator shifts in Gorteria diffusa (Asteraceae). American Journal of Botany, 96, 793-801.
    • (2009) American Journal of Botany , vol.96 , pp. 793-801
    • Ellis, A.G.1    Johnson, S.D.2
  • 17
    • 84862843064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of floral constancy by bee fly pollinators: implications for ethological isolation in an African daisy
    • Ellis, A.G. & Johnson, S.D. (2012) Lack of floral constancy by bee fly pollinators: implications for ethological isolation in an African daisy. Behavioral Ecology, 23, 729-734.
    • (2012) Behavioral Ecology , vol.23 , pp. 729-734
    • Ellis, A.G.1    Johnson, S.D.2
  • 18
    • 0001939006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant reproductive ecology
    • eds W.R.J. Dean & S.J. Milton) -. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
    • Esler, K.J. (1999) Plant reproductive ecology. The Karoo: Ecological Patterns and Processes (eds W.R.J. Dean & S.J. Milton ), pp. 123-144. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
    • (1999) The Karoo: Ecological Patterns and Processes , pp. 123-144
    • Esler, K.J.1
  • 19
    • 84863637989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Explaining variation in the effect of floral density on pollinator visitation
    • Essenberg, C.J. (2012) Explaining variation in the effect of floral density on pollinator visitation. American Naturalist, 180, 153-166.
    • (2012) American Naturalist , vol.180 , pp. 153-166
    • Essenberg, C.J.1
  • 20
    • 0026283984 scopus 로고
    • Do tropical bird-pollinated plants exhibit density-dependent interactions? Field experiments
    • Feinsinger, P., Tiebout, H.M. & Young, B.E. (1991) Do tropical bird-pollinated plants exhibit density-dependent interactions? Field experiments. Ecology, 72, 1953-1963.
    • (1991) Ecology , vol.72 , pp. 1953-1963
    • Feinsinger, P.1    Tiebout, H.M.2    Young, B.E.3
  • 21
    • 0022823870 scopus 로고
    • Floral neighbourhood and pollination success in four hummingbird-pollinated cloud forest plant species
    • Feinsinger, P., Murray, K.G., Kinsman, S. & Busby, W.H. (1986) Floral neighbourhood and pollination success in four hummingbird-pollinated cloud forest plant species. Ecology, 67, 449-464.
    • (1986) Ecology , vol.67 , pp. 449-464
    • Feinsinger, P.1    Murray, K.G.2    Kinsman, S.3    Busby, W.H.4
  • 22
    • 0033403119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pollinator-mediated competition, reproductive character displacement, and the evolution of selfing in Arenaria uniflora (Caryophyllaceae)
    • Fishman, L. & Wyatt, R. (1999) Pollinator-mediated competition, reproductive character displacement, and the evolution of selfing in Arenaria uniflora (Caryophyllaceae). Evolution, 53, 1723-1733.
    • (1999) Evolution , vol.53 , pp. 1723-1733
    • Fishman, L.1    Wyatt, R.2
  • 23
    • 0141680936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Density-dependent seed set in the Haleakala silversword: evidence for an Allee effect
    • Forsyth, S.A. (2003) Density-dependent seed set in the Haleakala silversword: evidence for an Allee effect. Oecologia, 136, 551-557.
    • (2003) Oecologia , vol.136 , pp. 551-557
    • Forsyth, S.A.1
  • 24
    • 0024911937 scopus 로고
    • Interspecific pollen transfer as a mechanism of competition: consequences of foreign pollen contamination for seed set in the alpine wildflower, Polemonium viscosum
    • Galen, C. & Gregory, T. (1989) Interspecific pollen transfer as a mechanism of competition: consequences of foreign pollen contamination for seed set in the alpine wildflower, Polemonium viscosum. Oecologia, 81, 120-123.
    • (1989) Oecologia , vol.81 , pp. 120-123
    • Galen, C.1    Gregory, T.2
  • 25
    • 67349221179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dangerously few liaisons: a review of mate-finding Allee effects
    • Gascoigne, J., Berec, L., Gregory, S. & Courchamp, F. (2009) Dangerously few liaisons: a review of mate-finding Allee effects. Population Ecology, 51, 355-372.
    • (2009) Population Ecology , vol.51 , pp. 355-372
    • Gascoigne, J.1    Berec, L.2    Gregory, S.3    Courchamp, F.4
  • 26
    • 23144441619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pollen and seed dispersal among dispersed plants
    • Ghazoul, J. (2005) Pollen and seed dispersal among dispersed plants. Biological Reviews, 80, 413-443.
    • (2005) Biological Reviews , vol.80 , pp. 413-443
    • Ghazoul, J.1
  • 27
    • 84878889284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions of hybridization and mating systems: a case study in Leptosiphon (Polemoniaceae)
    • Goodwillie, C. & Ness, J.M. (2013) Interactions of hybridization and mating systems: a case study in Leptosiphon (Polemoniaceae). American Journal of Botany, 100, 1002-1013.
    • (2013) American Journal of Botany , vol.100 , pp. 1002-1013
    • Goodwillie, C.1    Ness, J.M.2
  • 28
    • 0031748982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allee effects limit population viability of an annual plant
    • Groom, M.J. (1998) Allee effects limit population viability of an annual plant. American Naturalist, 151, 487-496.
    • (1998) American Naturalist , vol.151 , pp. 487-496
    • Groom, M.J.1
  • 29
    • 84878189806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of spatial patterns on the pollination success of a less attractive species
    • Hanoteaux, S., Tielbörger, K. & Seifan, M. (2013) Effects of spatial patterns on the pollination success of a less attractive species. Oikos, 122, 867-880.
    • (2013) Oikos , vol.122 , pp. 867-880
    • Hanoteaux, S.1    Tielbörger, K.2    Seifan, M.3
  • 30
    • 49849092907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous inference in general parametric models
    • Hothorn, T., Bretz, F. & Westfall, P. (2008) Simultaneous inference in general parametric models. Biometrical Journal, 50, 346-363.
    • (2008) Biometrical Journal , vol.50 , pp. 346-363
    • Hothorn, T.1    Bretz, F.2    Westfall, P.3
  • 31
    • 67649213963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships between the floral neighbourhood and individual pollen limitation in two self-incompatible herbs
    • Jakobsson, L., Lazáro, A. & Totland, O. (2009) Relationships between the floral neighbourhood and individual pollen limitation in two self-incompatible herbs. Oecologia, 160, 707-719.
    • (2009) Oecologia , vol.160 , pp. 707-719
    • Jakobsson, L.1    Lazáro, A.2    Totland, O.3
  • 32
    • 1342330829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Benefits of autonomous selfing under unpredictable pollinator environments
    • Kalisz, S. & Vogler, D.W. (2003) Benefits of autonomous selfing under unpredictable pollinator environments. Ecology, 84, 2928-2942.
    • (2003) Ecology , vol.84 , pp. 2928-2942
    • Kalisz, S.1    Vogler, D.W.2
  • 33
    • 4344617743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Context-dependent autonomous self-fertilization yields reproductive assurance and mixed mating
    • Kalisz, S., Vogler, D.W. & Hanley, K.M. (2004) Context-dependent autonomous self-fertilization yields reproductive assurance and mixed mating. Nature, 430, 884-887.
    • (2004) Nature , vol.430 , pp. 884-887
    • Kalisz, S.1    Vogler, D.W.2    Hanley, K.M.3
  • 34
    • 84878854073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Following Darwin's trail: interactions affecting the evolution of plant mating systems
    • Kariyat, R.R., Sinclair, J.P. & Golenberg, E.M. (2013) Following Darwin's trail: interactions affecting the evolution of plant mating systems. American Journal of Botany, 100, 999-1001.
    • (2013) American Journal of Botany , vol.100 , pp. 999-1001
    • Kariyat, R.R.1    Sinclair, J.P.2    Golenberg, E.M.3
  • 35
    • 0027866161 scopus 로고
    • Sex and the single mustard: population density and pollinator behavior effects on seed-set
    • Kunin, W.E. (1993) Sex and the single mustard: population density and pollinator behavior effects on seed-set. Ecology, 74, 2145-2160.
    • (1993) Ecology , vol.74 , pp. 2145-2160
    • Kunin, W.E.1
  • 36
    • 77956407989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local floral composition and the behaviour of pollinators: attraction to and foraging within experimental patches
    • Lázaro, A. & Totland, Ø. (2010) Local floral composition and the behaviour of pollinators: attraction to and foraging within experimental patches. Ecological Entomology, 35, 652-661.
    • (2010) Ecological Entomology , vol.35 , pp. 652-661
    • Lázaro, A.1    Totland, Ø.2
  • 37
    • 0027028089 scopus 로고
    • Self- and cross-fertilization in plants. II. The selection of self-fertilization
    • Lloyd, D.G. (1992) Self- and cross-fertilization in plants. II. The selection of self-fertilization. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 153, 370-380.
    • (1992) International Journal of Plant Sciences , vol.153 , pp. 370-380
    • Lloyd, D.G.1
  • 38
    • 77952288933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alien pollen grains interfere with the reproductive success of native congener
    • Matsumoto, T., Takakura, K. & Nishida, T. (2010) Alien pollen grains interfere with the reproductive success of native congener. Biological Invasions, 12, 1617-1626.
    • (2010) Biological Invasions , vol.12 , pp. 1617-1626
    • Matsumoto, T.1    Takakura, K.2    Nishida, T.3
  • 40
    • 11844282852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Facilitative interactions among plants via shared pollinators
    • Moeller, D.A. (2004) Facilitative interactions among plants via shared pollinators. Ecology, 85, 3289-3301.
    • (2004) Ecology , vol.85 , pp. 3289-3301
    • Moeller, D.A.1
  • 41
    • 48249138473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interspecific pollen transfer: magnitude, prevalence and consequences for plant fitness
    • Morales, C.L. & Traveset, A. (2008) Interspecific pollen transfer: magnitude, prevalence and consequences for plant fitness. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 27, 221-238.
    • (2008) Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences , vol.27 , pp. 221-238
    • Morales, C.L.1    Traveset, A.2
  • 42
    • 23044499979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant population dynamics, pollinator foraging, and the selection of self-fertilization
    • Morgan, M.T., Wilson, W.G. & Knight, T.M. (2005) Plant population dynamics, pollinator foraging, and the selection of self-fertilization. American Naturalist, 166, 169-183.
    • (2005) American Naturalist , vol.166 , pp. 169-183
    • Morgan, M.T.1    Wilson, W.G.2    Knight, T.M.3
  • 43
    • 79951746390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How many flowering plants are pollinated by animals?
    • Ollerton, J., Winfree, R. & Tarrant, S. (2011) How many flowering plants are pollinated by animals? Oikos, 120, 321-326.
    • (2011) Oikos , vol.120 , pp. 321-326
    • Ollerton, J.1    Winfree, R.2    Tarrant, S.3
  • 44
    • 0242540394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Competition and coexistence: exploring mechanisms that restrict and maintain diversity within mutualist guilds
    • Palmer, T.M., Stanton, M.L. & Young, T.P. (2003) Competition and coexistence: exploring mechanisms that restrict and maintain diversity within mutualist guilds. American Naturalist, 162, S63-S79.
    • (2003) American Naturalist , vol.162 , pp. S63-S79
    • Palmer, T.M.1    Stanton, M.L.2    Young, T.P.3
  • 45
    • 84922881287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • R: A language and environment for statistical computing.
    • R Core Team. (2013) R: A language and environment for statistical computing.
    • (2013)
  • 46
    • 0002992571 scopus 로고
    • Competition and facilitation among plants for pollination
    • ed. L.A. Real) -. Academic Press, Orlando.
    • Rathcke, B. (1983) Competition and facilitation among plants for pollination. Pollination Biology (ed. L.A. Real ), pp. 305-329. Academic Press, Orlando.
    • (1983) Pollination Biology , pp. 305-329
    • Rathcke, B.1
  • 47
    • 0024229473 scopus 로고
    • Interactions for pollination among coflowering shrubs
    • Rathcke, B. (1988) Interactions for pollination among coflowering shrubs. Ecology, 69, 446-457.
    • (1988) Ecology , vol.69 , pp. 446-457
    • Rathcke, B.1
  • 48
    • 84880752420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pollinators, mates and Allee effects: the importance of self-pollination for fecundity in an invasive lily (ed D. Campbell)
    • Rodger, J.G., van Kleunen, M. & Johnson, S.D. (2013) Pollinators, mates and Allee effects: the importance of self-pollination for fecundity in an invasive lily (ed D. Campbell). Functional Ecology, 27, 1023-1033.
    • (2013) Functional Ecology , vol.27 , pp. 1023-1033
    • Rodger, J.G.1    van Kleunen, M.2    Johnson, S.D.3
  • 49
    • 29844432477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of local species abundance in the evolution of pollinator attraction in flowering plants
    • Sargent, R.D. & Otto, S.P. (2006) The role of local species abundance in the evolution of pollinator attraction in flowering plants. American Naturalist, 167, 67-80.
    • (2006) American Naturalist , vol.167 , pp. 67-80
    • Sargent, R.D.1    Otto, S.P.2
  • 51
    • 0035130234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraspecific aggregation alters competitive interactions in experimental plant communities
    • Stoll, P. & Prati, D. (2001) Intraspecific aggregation alters competitive interactions in experimental plant communities. Ecology, 82, 319-327.
    • (2001) Ecology , vol.82 , pp. 319-327
    • Stoll, P.1    Prati, D.2
  • 52
    • 0032412271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of relative plant density and floral morphological complexity on the behaviour of bumblebees
    • Stout, J.C., Allen, J.A. & Goulson, D. (1998) The influence of relative plant density and floral morphological complexity on the behaviour of bumblebees. Oecologica, 117, 543-550.
    • (1998) Oecologica , vol.117 , pp. 543-550
    • Stout, J.C.1    Allen, J.A.2    Goulson, D.3
  • 53
    • 0028161448 scopus 로고
    • Flowers and their insect visitors in the arid winter rainfall region of southern Africa: observations on permanent plots. Insect visitation behaviour
    • Struck, M. (1994) Flowers and their insect visitors in the arid winter rainfall region of southern Africa: observations on permanent plots. Insect visitation behaviour. Journal of Arid Environments, 28, 51-74.
    • (1994) Journal of Arid Environments , vol.28 , pp. 51-74
    • Struck, M.1
  • 54
    • 84982595722 scopus 로고
    • The effect of a foreign pollen on ovule development in Diervilla lonicera (Caprifoliaceae)
    • Thomson, J.D., Andrews, B.J. & Plowright, R.C. (1981) The effect of a foreign pollen on ovule development in Diervilla lonicera (Caprifoliaceae). New Phytologist, 90, 777-783.
    • (1981) New Phytologist , vol.90 , pp. 777-783
    • Thomson, J.D.1    Andrews, B.J.2    Plowright, R.C.3
  • 55
    • 0000144572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional aspects of short-lived plants
    • eds W.R.J. Dean & S.J. Milton) -. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
    • Van Rooyen, M.W. (1999) Functional aspects of short-lived plants. The Karoo: Ecological Patterns and Processes (eds W.R.J. Dean & S.J. Milton ), pp. 107-122. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
    • (1999) The Karoo: Ecological Patterns and Processes , pp. 107-122
    • Van Rooyen, M.W.1
  • 57
    • 84875676397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When bigger is not better: intraspecific competition for pollination increases with population size in invasive milkweeds
    • Ward, M., Johnson, S.D. & Zalucki, M.P. (2013) When bigger is not better: intraspecific competition for pollination increases with population size in invasive milkweeds. Oecologia, 171, 883-891.
    • (2013) Oecologia , vol.171 , pp. 883-891
    • Ward, M.1    Johnson, S.D.2    Zalucki, M.P.3
  • 59
    • 0022826453 scopus 로고
    • Ecology and evolution of self-pollination in Arenaria uniflora (Caryophyllaceae)
    • Wyatt, R. (1986) Ecology and evolution of self-pollination in Arenaria uniflora (Caryophyllaceae). Journal of Ecology, 74, 403-418.
    • (1986) Journal of Ecology , vol.74 , pp. 403-418
    • Wyatt, R.1
  • 60
    • 0001636045 scopus 로고
    • Plant reproductive ecology of a secondary deciduous tropical forest in Venezuela
    • Zapata, T.R. & Arroyo, M.T.K. (1978) Plant reproductive ecology of a secondary deciduous tropical forest in Venezuela. Biotropica, 10, 221-230.
    • (1978) Biotropica , vol.10 , pp. 221-230
    • Zapata, T.R.1    Arroyo, M.T.K.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.