Norms hide causes-the example of testosterone

International Journal of Epidemiology

Volumn 43, Issue 6, 2014, Pages 1987-1988

  Schooling, C Mary ^a,b   Xu, Lin ^a   Zhao, Jie ^a   Au yeung, Shiu Lun ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

^b CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ESTROGEN; TESTOSTERONE;

CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; HEALTH CARE PLANNING; HEART INFARCTION; HEART RATE; HUMAN; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; LETTER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PUBLIC HEALTH; PULMONARY VASCULAR DISEASE; WOMEN'S HEALTH; EPIDEMIOLOGY; FEMALE; MALE; MEDICAL RESEARCH; METABOLISM; MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA; SEX DIFFERENCE; TRENDS;

BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ESTROGENS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA; SEX FACTORS; TESTOSTERONE;

EID: 84922361753     PISSN: 03005771     EISSN: 14643685     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyu185     Document Type: Letter

References (11)

1. Kronfeldner M. Commentary: How norms make causes. Int J Epidemiol 2014;43:983-88.
2. Davey Smith G. Epidemiology, epigenetics and the 'Gloomy Prospect': embracing randomness in population health research and practice. Int J Epidemiol 2011;40:537-62.
3. Krieger N, Lowy I, Aronowitz R et al. Hormone replacement therapy, cancer, controversies, and women's health: historical, epidemiological, biological, clinical, and advocacy perspectives. J Epidemiol Community Health 2005;59:740-48.
4. Rossouw JE, Anderson GL, Prentice RL et al. Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results from the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2002;288:321-33.
5. Wolfe SM. Increased heart attacks in men using testosterone: the UK importantly lags far behind the US in prescribing testosterone. BMJ 2014;348:g1789.
6. Health Canada, Summary Safety Review-Testosterone Replacement Products-Cardiovascular Risk. http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/dhp-mps/medeff/advisories-avis/review-examen/testosteroneeng.php (15 July 2014, date last accessed).
7. http://www.perdueandkidd.com/blog/2014/06/testosterone-law suits-against-abbott-labs-consolidated-in-chicago-court.shtml (15 August 2014, date last accessed).
8. Fernandez-Balsells MM, Murad MH, Lane M et al. Clinical review 1: Adverse effects of testosterone therapy in adult men: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010;95:2560-75.
9. Burch GE, Depasquale NP. The hematocrit in patients with myocardial infarction. JAMA 1962;180:62-63.
10. Marchioli R, Finazzi G, Specchia G et al. Cardiovascular events and intensity of treatment in polycythemia vera. N Engl J Med 2013;368:22-33.
11. Coyne DW. The health-related quality of life was not improved by targeting higher hemoglobin in the Normal Hematocrit Trial. Kidney Int 2012;82:235-41.