Cohesion in Group Therapy

Psychotherapy Relationships That Work: Evidence-Based Responsiveness

Volumn , Issue , 2011, Pages

  Burlingame, Gary M ^a   McClendon, Debra Theobald ^a   Alonso, Jennifer ^a  

^a BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Cohesion; Group therapy; Meta analysis; Therapy relationship

Indexed keywords

EID: 84921799961     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199737208.003.0005     Document Type: Chapter

References (106)

1. Antonuccio, D. O., Davis, C., Lewinsohn, P. M., & Breckenridge, J. S. (1987). Therapist variables related to cohesiveness in a group treatment for depression. Small Group Research, 18, 557-64.
2. Bakali, J., Baldwin, S., & Lorentzen, S. (2009). Modeling group process constructs at three stages in group psychotherapy. Psychotherapy Research, 19, 332-43.
3. Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Brown, G., & Steer, R. A. (1988). An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 893-97.
4. Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Brown, G. K. (1996). Manual for the Beck Depression Inventory-II. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.
5. Bednar, R. L., & Kaul, T. J. (1978). Experiential group research: Current Perspectives. In S. L. Garfield & A. E. Bergin (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change (2th ed., pp. 769-815). New York: Wiley.
6. Bednar, R. L., & Kaul, T. J. (1994). Experiential group research: Can the canon fire? In A. E. Bergin & S. L. Garfield (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change (4th ed., pp. 631-63). New York: Wiley.
7. Berkeljon, A., & Baldwin, S. A. (2009). An introduction to meta-analysis for psychotherapy outcome research. Psychotherapy Research, 19(4), 511-518.
8. Beutal, M. E., Knickenberg, R. J., Krug, B., Mund, S., Schattenburg, L., & Zwerenz, R. (2006). Psychodynamic focal group treatment for psychosomatic inpatients-with an emphasis on work-related conflicts. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 56(3), 285-305.
9. Bormann, B., & Strauß, B. (2007). Gruppenklima, Kohäsion, Allianz und Empathie als Komponenten der therapeutischen Beziehung in Gruppenpsychotherapien-Überprüfung eines Mehrebenen-Modells. [Group climate, cohesion, alliance, and empathy as components of the therapeutic relationship within group psychotherapy-Test of a multilevel model]. Gruppenpsychotherapie und Gruppendynamik, 43, 1-20.
10. Bormann, B., & Strauß, B. (2009, June). The German Group Questionnaire: A multi-site validation study. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Psychotherapy Research, Santiago, Chile.
11. Braaten, L. (1991). Group cohesion: A new multidimensional model. Group, 15, 39-55.
12. Braaten, L. J. (1989). Predicting positive goal attainment and symptom reduction from early group climate dimensions. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 39(3), 377-87.
13. Broker, M., Rohricht, F., & Priebe, F. (1995). Initial assessment of hospital treatment by patients with paranoid schizophrenia: A predictor of outcome. Psychiatry Research, 58(1), 77-81.
14. Budman, S. H., Demby, A., Feldstein, M., Redondo, J., Scherz, B., Bennett, M. J., et al. (1987). Preliminary findings on a new instrument to measure cohesion in group psychotherapy. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 37, 75-94.
15. Budman, S. H., Soldz, S., Demby, A., Feldstein, M., Springer, T., & Davis, M. S. (1989). Cohesion, alliance and outcome in group psychotherapy. Psychiatry, 52(3), 339-50.
16. Burlingame, G. (2010). Small group treatments: Introduction to special section. Psychotherapy Research, 20(1), 1-7.
17. Burlingame, G., & Baldwin, S. (2010). History of group psychotherapy. In History of Psychotherapy (2nd ed.), J. Norcross, G. VandenBos, & D. Freedheim. (Eds). (pp. 505-515), Washington DC: American Psychological Association.
18. Burlingame, G. M., & Barlow, S. (1996). Outcome and process differences between professional and nonprofessional therapists in time-limited group psychotherapy. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 46, 455-78.
19. Burlingame, G. M., MacKenzie, K. R., & Strauß, B. (2004). Evidence-based small group treatments. In M. Lambert, A. E. Bergin, & S. L. Garfield (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change (5th ed.). New York: Wiley & Sons.
20. Burlingame, G. M., & Fuhriman, A. (1994). Epilogue. In A. Fuhriman & G. M. Burlingame (Eds.), Handbook of group psychotherapy: An empirical and clinical synthesis (pp. 559-62). New York: Wiley & Sons.
21. Burlingame, G., Fuhriman, A., & Johnson, J. (2002). Cohesion in group psychotherapy. In J. C. Norcross (Ed). Psychotherapy Relationships That Work (pp. 71-87). New York: Oxford University Press.
22. Burlingame, G. M., Fuhriman, A. F., & Mosier, J. (2003). The differentiated effectiveness of group psychotherapy: A meta-analytic review. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 7(1), 3-12.
23. Cattell, R. B., & Wispe, L. G. (1948). The dimensions of syntality in small groups. Journal of Social Psychology, 28, 57-78.
24. Chapman, C., Baker, E., Porter, G., Thayer, S., & Burlingame, G. (2010). Rating group therapist interventions: The validation of the Group Psychotherapy Rating Scale. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, & Practice, 14(1), 15-31.
25. Crouch, E. C., Bloch, S., & Wanlass, J. (1994). Therapeutic factors: Interpersonal and intrapersonal mechanisms. In A. Fuhriman & G. M. Burlingame (Eds.), Handbook of group psychotherapy (pp. 269-315). New York: Wiley.
26. Crowe, T. P., & Grenyer, B. F. S. (2008). Is therapist alliance or whole group cohesion more influential in group psychotherapy outcomes? Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 15, 239-46.
27. Czogalik, D., & Koltzow, R. (1987). Zur Normierung des Stuttgarter Bogens. Gruppenpsychotherapie und Gruppendynamik, 23, 36-45.
28. Derogatis, L. R. (1977). SCL-90: Administration, scoring, and procedures manual-R (revised). Baltimore: John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Clinical Psychometrics Research Unit.
29. Dinger, U., & Schauenburg, H. (2010). Effects of individual cohesion and patient interpersonal style on outcome in psychodynamically oriented inpatient group psychotherapy. Psychotherapy Research, 20(1), 22-29.
30. Dion, K. L. (2000). Group cohesion: From "field of forces" to multidimensional construct. Group Dynamics, 4, 7-26.
31. Evans, C. R., & Dion, K. L. (1991). Group cohesion and performance: A meta-analysis. Small Group Research, 22, 175-86.
32. Evans, N. J., & Jarvis, P. A. (1986). The Group Attitude Scale: A measure of attraction to group. Small Group Behavior, 17, 203-216.
33. Falloon, I. R. H. (1981). Interpersonal variables in behavioural group therapy. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 54, 133-41.
34. Flowers, J. V., Booraem, C. D., & Hartman, K. A. (1981). Client improvement on higher and lower intensity problems as a function of group cohesiveness. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, and Practice, 18, 246-251.
35. Fuhriman, A., & Burlingame, G., (Eds.). (1994). Handbook of group psychotherapy: An empirical and clinical synthesis. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
36. Gillaspy, J. A., Jr., Wright, A. R., Campbell, C., Stokes, S., & Adinoff, B. (2002). Group alliance and cohesion as predictors of drug and alcohol abuse treatment outcomes. Psychotherapy Research, 12(2), 213-29.
37. Grabhorn, R., Kaufhold, J., & Overbeck, G. (2002). The role of differentiated group experience in the course of inpatient psychotherapy. In Serge P. Shohov (Ed.), Advance in psychology research, Volume 12, (pp. 141-54). Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science Publishers.
38. Griffith, J. (1988). Measurement of group cohesion in U.S. Army units. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 9, 149-71.
39. Gross, E. F. (1957). An empirical study of the concepts of cohesiveness and compatibility. Honors thesis, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.
40. Gully, S. M., Devine, D. J., & Whitney, D. J. (1995). A meta-analysis of cohesion and performance: Effects of level of analysis and task interdependence. Small Group Research, 26, 497-520.
41. Hedges, L. V., & Vevea, J. L. (1998). Fixed-and random-effects models in meta-analysis. Psychological Methods, 3, 486-504.
42. Hilbert, A., Saelens, B. E., Stein, R. I., Mockus, D. S., Welch, R. R., Matt, G. E., et al. (2007). Pretreatment and process predictors of outcome in interpersonal and cognitive behavioral psychotherapy for binge eating disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 75(4), 645-51.
43. Hoag, M. J., & Burlingame, G. M. (1997). Evaluating the effectiveness of child and adolescent group treatment. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 26, 234-46.
44. Hoberman, H. M., Lewinsohn, P. M., & Tilson, M. (1988). Group treatment of depression: Individual predictors of outcome. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56(3), 393-98.
45. Hornsey, M., Dwyer, L., & Oei, T. (2007). Beyond cohesiveness: Reconceptualizing the link between group processes and outcomes in group psychotherapy. Small Group Research, 38, 567-92.
46. Hornsey, M., Dwyer, L., Oei, T., & Dingle, G. A. (2009). Group processes and outcomes in group therapy: Is it time to let go of cohesiveness? International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 59(2), 267-78.
47. Horowitz, L., Rosenberg, S., Baer, B., Ureno, F., & Villasenor, V. (1988). Inventory of interpersonal problems: Psychometric properties and clinical applications. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56(6), 885-92.
48. Hurley, J. R. (1989). Affiliativeness and outcome in interpersonal groups: Member and leader perspectives. Psychotherapy, 26(4), 520-23.
49. Hurley, J. R. (1997). Interpersonal theory and measures of outcome and emotional climate in 111 personal development groups. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 1(1), 86-97.
50. Johnson, J. E., Burlingame, G. M., Olsen, J. A., Davies, D. R., & Gleave, R. L. (2005). Group climate, cohesion, alliance, and empathy in group psychotherapy: Multilevel structural equation models. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52, 310-21.
51. Joyce, A. S., Piper, W. E., & Ogrodniczuk, J. S. (2007). Therapeutic alliance and cohesion variables as predictors of outcome in short-term group therapy. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 57(3), 269-96.
52. Kipnes, D. R., Piper, W. E., & Joyce, A. S. (2002). Cohesion and outcome in short-term psychodynamic groups for complicated grief. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 52(4), 483-509.
53. Kivlighan, D. M., Coleman, M. N., & Anderson, D. C. (2000). Process, outcome, and methodology in group counseling research. In S. D. Brown & R. W. Lent (Eds.), Handbook of counseling psychology (3rd ed., pp. 767-96). New York: Wiley.
54. Kivlighan, D. M., & Lilly, R. L. (1997). Developmental changes in group climate as they relate to therapeutic gain. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 1, 208-21.
55. Kosters, M., Burlingame, G., Nachtigall, C., & Strauss, B. (2006). A meta-analytic review of the effectiveness of inpatient group psychotherapy. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, & Practice. 10(2), 143-63.
56. Krogel, J. (2009). The Group Questionnaire: A new measure of the group relationship. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University.
57. Krogel, J., & Burlingame, G. (2009). The group questionnaire: A new measure of the therapeutic group relationship. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Society for Psychotherapy Research. Santiago, Chile.
58. Lambert, M. J., Hansen, N. B., Umpress, V., Lunnen, K., Okiiski, J., & Burlingame, G. M. (1997). Administration and scoring manual for the OQ-45.2. Stevenson, MD: American Professional Credentialing Services.
59. Levenson, J. S., & Macgowan, M. J. (2004). Engagement, denial, and treatment progress among sex offenders in group therapy. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 16(1), 49-63.
60. Lieberman, M., Yalom, I., & Miles, M. (1973). Encounter groups: First facts. New York: Basic Books.
61. Lipman, E. L., Waymouth, M., Gammon, T., Carter, P., Secord, M., Leung, O., Mills, B., & Hicks, F. (2007). Influence of group cohesion on maternal well-being among participants in a support/education group program for single mothers. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 77(4), 543-49.
62. Lipsey, M. W., & Wilson, D. B. (2001). Practical meta-analysis. Applied Social Research Methods Series, Vol. 49). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
63. Lorentzen, S., Høglend, P., & Ruud, T. (2008, June). The efficacy of short-and long-term psychodynamic group psychotherapy: A Norwegian multi-center study. Panel presentation at the annual meeting of the Society for Psychotherapy Research, Barcelona, Spain.
64. Lorentzen, S., Sexton, H. C., & Hoglend, P. (2004). Therapeutic alliance, cohesion and outcome in a long-term analytic group. A preliminary study. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 58, 33-40.
65. MacKenzie, K. R. (1981). Measurement of group climate. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 31, 287-95.
66. MacKenzie, K. R. (1983). The clinical application of a group climate measure. In R. R. Dies & K. R. MacKenzie (Eds), Advances in group psychotherapy: Integrating research and practice (pp. 159-70). New York: International Universities Press.
67. Mackenzie, R. K., & Tschuschke, V. (1993). Relatedness, group work, and outcome in long-term inpatient psychotherapy groups. Journal of Psychotherapy Practice and Research, 2, 147-56.
68. Marmarosh, C., Holtz, A., & Schottenbauer, M. (2005). Group cohesiveness, groupderived collective self-esteem, group-derived hope, and the well-being of group therapy members. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 9(1), 32-44.
69. Marziali, E., Munroe-Blum, H., & McCleary, L. (1997). The contribution of group cohesion and group alliance to the outcome of group psychotherapy. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 47(4), 475-97.
70. May, A. M., Duivenvoorden, H. J., Korstjens, I., Weert, E. V., Hoekstra-Weebers, J. E., Borne, B. V. D., et al. (2008). The effect of group cohesion on rehabilitation outcome in cancer survivors. Psycho-Oncology, 17, 917-25.
71. McClendon-Theobald, D., & Burlingame, G. (in press). Group climate: Construct in search of clarity. In R. Conyne (Ed.), Oxford handbook of group counseling. New York: Oxford University Press.
72. McNair, D. M., Lorr, M., & Droppleman, L. F. (1981). Profile of mood states manual. San Diego, CA: Educational and Industrial Testing Services.
73. McRoberts, C., Burlingame, G. M., & Hoag, M. J. (1998). Comparative efficacy of individual and group psychotherapy: A meta-analytic perspective. Group Dynamics, 2(2), 101-117.
74. Moos, R. H. (1986). Group Environment Scale manual (2nd ed.). Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
75. Moos, R., & Humphrey, B. (1974). Group environment scale, Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
76. Mullen, B., & Copper, C. (1994). The relationship between group cohesiveness and performance: An integration. Psychological Bulletin, 115, 210-27.
77. Norton, P. J., Hayes, S. A., & Springer, J. R. (2008). Transdiagnostic cognitive-behavioral group therapy for anxiety: Outcome and process. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 1(3), 266-79.
78. Oei, T. P. S., & Browne, A. (2006). Components of group processes: Have they contributed to the outcome of mood and anxiety disorder patients in a group cognitivebehaviour therapy program? American Journal of Psychotherapy, 60(1), 53-70.
79. Ogrodniczuk, J., & Piper, W. (2003). The effect of group climate on outcome in two forms of short-term group therapy. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 7, 64-76.
80. Ogrodniczuk, J. S., Piper, W. E., & Joyce, A. S. (2005). The negative effect of alexithymia on the outcome of group therapy for complicated grief: What role might the therapist play? Comprehensive Psychiatry, 46, 206-213.
81. Ogrodniczuk, J. S., Piper, W. E., & Joyce, A. S. (2006). Treatment compliance among patients with personality disorders receiving group psychotherapy: What are the roles of interpersonal distress and cohesion? Psychiatry: Interpersonal and Biological Processes, 69(3), 249-61.
82. Palmer, K. D., Baker, R. C., & McGee, T. F. (1997). The effects of pretraining on group psychotherapy for incest-related issues. International Group Psychotherapy, 47(1), 71-89.
83. Piper, W. E., Marrache, M., Lacroix, R., Richardsen, A. M., & Jones, B. D. (1983). Cohesion as a basic bond in groups. Human Relations, 36, 93-108.
84. Ratto, R., & Hurley, J. R. (1995). Outcomes of inpatient group psychotherapy associated with dispositional and situational affiliativeness. Group, 19(3), 163-72.
85. Rice, A. H. (2001). Evaluating brief structured group treatment for depression. Research on Social Work Practice, 11(1), 53-78.
86. Roether, H. A., & Peters, J. J. (1972). Cohesiveness and hostility in group psychotherapy. American Journal of Psychiatry, 128(8), 1014-1017.
87. Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
88. Rugel, R. P., & Barry, B. (1990). Overcoming denial through the group: A test of acceptance theory. Small Group Research, 21(1), 45-58.
89. Ryum, T., Hagen, R., Nordahl, H. M., Vogel, P. A., & Stiles, T. C. (2009). Perceived group climate as a predictor of long-term outcome in randomized controlled trial of cognitivebehavioral group therapy for patients with comorbid psychiatric disorders. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 37, 497-510.
90. Santarsiero, L. J., Baker, R. C., & McGee, T. F. (1995). The effects of cognitive pretraining on cohesion and self-disclosure in small groups: An analog study. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 51(3), 403-409.
91. Schauenburg, H., Sammet, I., Rabung, S., & Strack, M. (2001). Zur differentiellen Bedeutung des Gruppenerlebens in der stationaren Psychotherapie depressiver Patienten [On the differential importance of group experience in inpatient psychotherapy of depressive patients]. Gruppenpsychotherapie und Gruppendynamik, 37, 349-64.
92. Selvin, H. C., & Hagstrom, W. O. (1963). The empirical classification of formal groups. American Sociological Review, 28, 399-411.
93. Silbergeld, S., Koenig, G. R., Manderscheid, R. W., Meeker, B. F., & Hornung, C. A. (1975). Assessment of environment-therapy systems: The Group Atmosphere Scale. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 43, 460-69.
94. Snijders, J. A., Trijsburg, R. W., De Groot, M. H., & Duivenvoorden, H. J. (2005, March). Group cohesion, working alliance, and therapeutic interventions as factors predicting outcome in group psychotherapy for personality disorders: First results of a follow-along study (2003-2006). Presented at AGPA Research Symposium, New York).
95. Sternburg, S., & Trijburg, W. (2005). The relationship between therapeutic interventions and therapeutic outcome. Unpublished manuscript.
96. Stokes, J. (1983). Components of Group Cohesion: Intermember attraction, instrumental value and risk taking. Small Group Research, 14 (2), 163-173.
97. Strauss, B., Burlingame, G., & Bormann, B (2008). Using the CORE-R batter in group psychotherapy. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 64(11), 1225-37.
98. Taft, C. T., Murphy, C. M., King, D. W., Musser, P. H., & DeDeyn, J. M. (2003). Process and treatment adherence factors in group cognitive-behavioral therapy for partner violent men. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 71(4), 812-20.
99. Taube-Schiff, M., Suvak, M. K., Antony, M. M., Bieling, P. J., & McCabe, R. E. (2007). Group cohesion in cognitive-behavioral group therapy for social phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 45, 687-98.
100. Trijsburg, R. W., Bogaerds, H., Letiche, M., Bidzjel, L., & Duivenvoorden, H. J. (2004). De ontwikkeling van de Group Cohesion Questionnaire (GCQ). The Netherlands: University of Amsterdam/Rotterdam.
101. Tschuschke, V., & Dies, R. R. (1994) Intensive analysis of therapeutic factors and outcome in long-term inpatient groups. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 44(2), 185-208.
102. van Andel, P., Erdman, R. A. M., Karsdorp, P. A., Appels, A., & Trijsburg, R. W. (2003). Group cohesion and working alliance: Prediction of treatment outcome in cardiac patients receiving cognitive behavioral group psychotherapy. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 72, 141-49.
103. Woody, S. R., & Adessky, R. S. (2002). Therapeutic alliance, group cohesion, and homework compliance during cognitive-behavioral group treatment of social phobia. Behavior Therapy, 33, 5-27.
104. Wright, T. L., & Duncan, D. (1986). Attraction to group, group cohesiveness, and individual outcome: A study of training groups. Small Group Research, 17(4), 487-92.
105. Yalom, I., Houts, P. S., Zimerberg, S. M., & Rand, K. H. (1967). Prediction of improvement in group therapy: An exploratory study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 17, 159-68.
106. Yalom, I. D., & Leszcz, M. (2005). The theory and practice of group psychotherapy (5th ed.). New York: Basic Books.