메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 28, Issue 2, 2015, Pages 451-467

Evaluation of historical and future cool season precipitation over the eastern United States and western Atlantic storm track using CMIP5 models

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLIMATOLOGY; PRECIPITATION (METEOROLOGY); STORMS;

EID: 84921696235     PISSN: 08948755     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00343.1     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (16)

References (62)
  • 1
    • 0842334547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Version-2 Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) monthly precipitation analysis (1979-present)
    • Adler, R. F., and Coauthors, 2003: The Version-2 Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) monthly precipitation analysis (1979-present). J. Hydrometeor., 4, 1147-1167, doi:10.1175/1525-7541(2003)004<1147:TVGPCP>2.0.CO;2.
    • (2003) J. Hydrometeor. , vol.4 , pp. 1147-1167
    • Adler, R.F.1
  • 2
    • 51749092642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atmospheric warming and the amplification of precipitation extremes
    • Allan, R. P., and B. J. Soden, 2008: Atmospheric warming and the amplification of precipitation extremes. Science, 321, 1481-1484, doi:10.1126/science.1160787.
    • (2008) Science , vol.321 , pp. 1481-1484
    • Allan, R.P.1    Soden, B.J.2
  • 3
    • 18544387786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constraint on future changes in climate and the hydrologic cycle
    • Allen, M. R., and W. J. Ingram, 2002: Constraint on future changes in climate and the hydrologic cycle. Nature, 419, 224-232, doi:10.1038/nature01092.
    • (2002) Nature , vol.419 , pp. 224-232
    • Allen, M.R.1    Ingram, W.J.2
  • 4
    • 80052641925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding the CMIP3 multimodel ensemble
    • Annan, J. D., and J. C. Hargreaves, 2011: Understanding the CMIP3 multimodel ensemble. J. Climate, 24, 4529-4538, doi:10.1175/2011JCLI3873.1.
    • (2011) J. Climate , vol.24 , pp. 4529-4538
    • Annan, J.D.1    Hargreaves, J.C.2
  • 5
    • 77958538481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The observed sensitivity of the global hydrological cycle to changes in surface temperature
    • Arkin, P. A., T. M. Smith, M. R. P. Sapiano, and J. Janowiak, 2010: The observed sensitivity of the global hydrological cycle to changes in surface temperature. Environ. Res. Lett., 5, 035201, doi:10.1088/1748-9326/5/3/03520.
    • (2010) Environ. Res. Lett. , vol.5 , pp. 035201
    • Arkin, P.A.1    Smith, T.M.2    Sapiano, M.R.P.3    Janowiak, J.4
  • 6
    • 79952655588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbon emission limits required to satisfy future representative concentration pathways of greenhouse gases
    • Arora, V. K., and Coauthors, 2011: Carbon emission limits required to satisfy future representative concentration pathways of greenhouse gases. Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L05805, doi:10.1029/2010GL046270.
    • (2011) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.38
    • Arora, V.K.1
  • 7
    • 33646372857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Storm tracks and climate change
    • Bengtsson, L., K. I. Hodges, and E. Roeckner, 2006: Storm tracks and climate change. J. Climate, 19, 3518-3543, doi:10.1175/JCLI3815.1.
    • (2006) J. Climate , vol.19 , pp. 3518-3543
    • Bengtsson, L.1    Hodges, K.I.2    Roeckner, E.3
  • 8
    • 66849119215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Will extratropical storms intensify in a warmer climate?
    • Bengtsson, L., K. I. Hodges, and N. Keenlyside, 2009: Will extratropical storms intensify in a warmer climate? J. Climate, 22, 2276-2301, doi:10.1175/2008JCLI2678.1.
    • (2009) J. Climate , vol.22 , pp. 2276-2301
    • Bengtsson, L.1    Hodges, K.I.2    Keenlyside, N.3
  • 9
    • 79251577392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in extreme climate indices for the northeastern United States, 1870-2005
    • Brown, P. J., R. S. Bradley, and F. T. Keimig, 2010: Changes in extreme climate indices for the northeastern United States, 1870-2005. J. Climate, 23, 6555-6572, doi:10.1175/2010JCLI3363.1.
    • (2010) J. Climate , vol.23 , pp. 6555-6572
    • Brown, P.J.1    Bradley, R.S.2    Keimig, F.T.3
  • 10
    • 84890136925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CMIP5 projection of significant reduction in extratropical cyclone activity over North America
    • Chang, E. K. M., 2013: CMIP5 projection of significant reduction in extratropical cyclone activity over North America. J. Climate, 26, 9903-9922, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00209.1.
    • (2013) J. Climate , vol.26 , pp. 9903-9922
    • Chang, E.K.M.1
  • 11
    • 44449142873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the verification and comparison of extreme rainfall indices from climate models
    • Chen, C.-T., and T. Knutson, 2008: On the verification and comparison of extreme rainfall indices from climate models. J. Climate, 21, 1605-1621, doi:10.1175/2007JCLI1494.1.
    • (2008) J. Climate , vol.21 , pp. 1605-1621
    • Chen, C.-T.1    Knutson, T.2
  • 13
    • 84876921125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Historical evaluation and future prediction of eastern North American and western Atlantic extratropical cyclones in the CMIP5 models during the cool season
    • Colle, B. A., Z. Zhang, K. Lombardo, E. Chang, P. Liu, and M. Zhang, 2013: Historical evaluation and future prediction of eastern North American and western Atlantic extratropical cyclones in the CMIP5 models during the cool season. J. Climate, 26, 6882-6903, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00498.1.
    • (2013) J. Climate , vol.26 , pp. 6882-6903
    • Colle, B.A.1    Zhang, Z.2    Lombardo, K.3    Chang, E.4    Liu, P.5    Zhang, M.6
  • 14
    • 84878130371 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of CMIP3 simulations of precipitation over North America with observations: Daily statistics and circulation features accompanying extreme events
    • DeAngelis, A. M., A. J. Broccoli, and S. G. Decker, 2013: A comparison of CMIP3 simulations of precipitation over North America with observations: Daily statistics and circulation features accompanying extreme events. J. Climate, 26, 3209-3230, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00374.1.
    • (2013) J. Climate , vol.26 , pp. 3209-3230
    • DeAngelis, A.M.1    Broccoli, A.J.2    Decker, S.G.3
  • 15
    • 79955044421 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dynamical core, physical parameterizations, and basic simulation characteristics of the atmospheric component AM3 of the GFDL global coupled model CM3
    • Donner, L. J., and Coauthors, 2011: The dynamical core, physical parameterizations, and basic simulation characteristics of the atmospheric component AM3 of the GFDL global coupled model CM3. J. Climate, 24, 3484-3519, doi:10.1175/2011JCLI3955.1.
    • (2011) J. Climate , vol.24 , pp. 3484-3519
    • Donner, L.J.1
  • 16
    • 84876880770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change projections using the IPSL-CM5 Earth System Model: From CMIP3 to CMIP5
    • Dufresne, J,-L., and Coauthors, 2013: Climate change projections using the IPSL-CM5 Earth System Model: From CMIP3 to CMIP5. Climate Dyn., 40, 2123-2165, doi:10.1007/s00382-012-1636-1.
    • (2013) Climate Dyn. , vol.40 , pp. 2123-2165
    • Dufresne, J.-L.1
  • 17
    • 33846935190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Precipitation and cloud structure in midlatitude cyclones
    • Field, P. R., and R. Wood, 2007: Precipitation and cloud structure in midlatitude cyclones. J. Climate, 20, 233-254, doi:10.1175/JCLI3998.1.
    • (2007) J. Climate , vol.20 , pp. 233-254
    • Field, P.R.1    Wood, R.2
  • 18
    • 79958294849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Community Climate System Model version 4
    • Gent, P. R., and Coauthors, 2011: The Community Climate System Model version 4. J. Climate, 24, 4973-4991, doi:10.1175/2011JCLI4083.1.
    • (2011) J. Climate , vol.24 , pp. 4973-4991
    • Gent, P.R.1
  • 19
    • 36348968827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Variations of twentiethcentury temperature and precipitation extreme indicators in the northeast United States
    • Griffiths, M. L., and R. S. Bradley, 2007: Variations of twentiethcentury temperature and precipitation extreme indicators in the northeast United States. J. Climate, 20, 5401-5417, doi:10.1175/2007JCLI1594.1.
    • (2007) J. Climate , vol.20 , pp. 5401-5417
    • Griffiths, M.L.1    Bradley, R.S.2
  • 20
    • 33846309239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Past and future changes in climate and hydrological indicators in the US Northeast
    • Hayhoe, K., and Coauthors, 2007: Past and future changes in climate and hydrological indicators in the US Northeast. Climate Dyn., 28, 381-407, doi:10.1007/s00382-006-0187-8.
    • (2007) Climate Dyn. , vol.28 , pp. 381-407
    • Hayhoe, K.1
  • 21
    • 0027796870 scopus 로고
    • Large-scale dynamics and global warming
    • Held, I. M., 1993: Large-scale dynamics and global warming. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 74, 228-241, doi:10.1175/1520-0477(1993)074<0228:LSDAGW>2.0.CO;2.
    • (1993) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.74 , pp. 228-241
    • Held, I.M.1
  • 22
    • 33750617761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Robust responses of the hydrological cycle to global warming
    • 5686-1560
    • Held, I. M., and B. J. Soden, 2006: Robust responses of the hydrological cycle to global warming. J. Climate, 19, 5686-1560, doi:10.1175/JCLI3990.1.
    • (2006) J. Climate , vol.19
    • Held, I.M.1    Soden, B.J.2
  • 23
    • 0003650809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Gridded Hourly Precipitation Data Base for the United States (1963-1993)
    • NCEP/Climate Prediction Center Atlas 1
    • Higgins, R. W., J. E. Janowiak, and Y.-P. Yao, 1996: A Gridded Hourly Precipitation Data Base for the United States (1963-1993). NCEP/Climate Prediction Center Atlas 1, 46 pp.
    • (1996) , pp. 46
    • Higgins, R.W.1    Janowiak, J.E.2    Yao, Y.-P.3
  • 24
    • 0011766772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved United States Precipitation Quality Control System and Analysis
    • NCEP/Climate Prediction Center Atlas 7
    • Higgins, R. W., W. Shi, E. Yarosh, and R. Joyce, 2000: Improved United States Precipitation Quality Control System and Analysis. NCEP/Climate Prediction Center Atlas 7, 40 pp.
    • (2000) , pp. 40
    • Higgins, R.W.1    Shi, W.2    Yarosh, E.3    Joyce, R.4
  • 25
    • 0028572982 scopus 로고
    • Ageneral method for tracking analysis and its application to meteorological data
    • Hodges, K. I., 1994: Ageneral method for tracking analysis and its application to meteorological data. Mon. Wea. Rev., 122, 2573-2586, doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1994)122<2573:AGMFTA>2.0.CO;2.
    • (1994) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.122 , pp. 2573-2586
    • Hodges, K.I.1
  • 26
    • 0000461755 scopus 로고
    • Feature tracking on the unit sphere
    • Hodges, K. I., 1995: Feature tracking on the unit sphere. Mon. Wea. Rev., 123, 3458-3465, doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1995)123<3458:FTOTUS>2.0.CO;2.
    • (1995) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.123 , pp. 3458-3465
    • Hodges, K.I.1
  • 28
    • 84874366975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate trends in indices for temperature and precipitation across New York State, 1948-2008
    • Insaf, T. Z., S. Lin, and S. C. Sheridan, 2013: Climate trends in indices for temperature and precipitation across New York State, 1948-2008. Air Qual. Atmos. Health, 6, 247-257, doi:10.1007/s11869-011-0168-x.
    • (2013) Air Qual. Atmos. Health , vol.6 , pp. 247-257
    • Insaf, T.Z.1    Lin, S.2    Sheridan, S.C.3
  • 29
    • 84922270278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The HadGEM2-1000 ES implementation of CMIP5 centennial simulations
    • Jones, C. D., and Coauthors, 2011: The HadGEM2-1000 ES implementation of CMIP5 centennial simulations. Geosci. Model Dev., 4, 543-570, doi:10.5194/gmd-4-543-2011.
    • (2011) Geosci. Model Dev. , vol.4 , pp. 543-570
    • Jones, C.D.1
  • 30
    • 34247640720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in temperature and precipitation extremes in the IPCC ensemble of global coupled model simulations
    • Kharin, V. V., F. W. Zwiers, X. Zhang, and G. C. Hegerl, 2007: Changes in temperature and precipitation extremes in the IPCC ensemble of global coupled model simulations. J. Climate, 20, 1419-1444, doi:10.1175/JCLI4066.1.
    • (2007) J. Climate , vol.20 , pp. 1419-1444
    • Kharin, V.V.1    Zwiers, F.W.2    Zhang, X.3    Hegerl, G.C.4
  • 31
    • 84876948034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monitoring and understanding trends in extreme storms: State of knowledge
    • Kunkel, K.E., and Coauthors, 2013a: Monitoring and understanding trends in extreme storms: State of knowledge. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 94, 499-514, doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00262.1.
    • (2013) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.94 , pp. 499-514
    • Kunkel, K.E.1
  • 32
    • 84898548681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional climate trends and scenarios for the U.S. National Climate Assessment: Part 1
    • Climate of the Northeast U.S. NOAA Tech.
    • Kunkel, K.E., and Coauthors, 2013b: Regional climate trends and scenarios for the U.S. National Climate Assessment: Part 1. Climate of the Northeast U.S. NOAA Tech. Rep. NESDIS 142-1, 79 pp.
    • (2013) , pp. 79
    • Kunkel, K.E.1
  • 33
    • 27544449135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulated 21st century changes in regional water balance of the Great Lakes region and links to changes in global temperature and poleward moisture transport
    • Kutzbach, J. E., J. Williams, and S. Vavrus, 2005: Simulated 21st century changes in regional water balance of the Great Lakes region and links to changes in global temperature and poleward moisture transport. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L17707, doi:10.1029/2005GL023506.
    • (2005) Geophys. Res. Lett. , vol.32
    • Kutzbach, J.E.1    Williams, J.2    Vavrus, S.3
  • 34
    • 84896096760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • North American climate in CMIP5 experiments: Part III: Assessment of twenty-first-century projections
    • Maloney, E. D., and Coauthors, 2014: North American climate in CMIP5 experiments: Part III: Assessment of twenty-first-century projections. J. Climate, 27, 2230-2270, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00273.1.
    • (2014) J. Climate , vol.27 , pp. 2230-2270
    • Maloney, E.D.1
  • 35
    • 0019177251 scopus 로고
    • 2 concentration in the atmosphere
    • 2 concentration in the atmosphere. J. Geophys. Res., 85, 5529-5554, doi:10.1029/JC085iC10p05529.
    • (1980) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.85 , pp. 5529-5554
    • Manabe, S.1    Stouffer, R.J.2
  • 36
    • 0018910639 scopus 로고
    • 2 content of the atmosphere
    • 2 content of the atmosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 99-118, doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1980)037<0099:OTDOCC>2.0.CO;2.
    • (1980) J. Atmos. Sci. , vol.37 , pp. 99-118
    • Manabe, S.1    Wetherald, R.T.2
  • 39
    • 45749146321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-resolution observations and model simulations of an intense mesoscale snowband
    • Novak, D., B. A. Colle, and S. Yuter, 2008: High-resolution observations and model simulations of an intense mesoscale snowband. Mon. Wea. Rev., 136, 1433-1456, doi:10.1175/2007MWR2233.1.
    • (2008) Mon. Wea. Rev. , vol.136 , pp. 1433-1456
    • Novak, D.1    Colle, B.A.2    Yuter, S.3
  • 40
    • 70349267603 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The physical basis for increases in precipitation extremes in simulations of 21stcentury climate change
    • O'Gorman, P., and T. Schneider, 2009: The physical basis for increases in precipitation extremes in simulations of 21stcentury climate change. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 106, 14 773-14 777, doi:10.1073/pnas.0907610106.
    • (2009) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.106 , pp. 14 773-14 777
    • O'Gorman, P.1    Schneider, T.2
  • 41
    • 84863312397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifying the relevance of cyclones for precipitation extremes
    • Pfahl, S., and H. Wernli, 2012: Quantifying the relevance of cyclones for precipitation extremes. J. Climate, 25, 6770-6780, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00705.1.
    • (2012) J. Climate , vol.25 , pp. 6770-6780
    • Pfahl, S.1    Wernli, H.2
  • 42
    • 77953140992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved simulation of Australian climate and ENSO-related rainfall variability in a GCM with an interactive aerosol treatment
    • Rotstayn, L. D., M. A. Collier, Y. Feng, H. B. Gordon, S. P. O'Farrell, I. N. Smith, and J. Syktus, 2010: Improved simulation of Australian climate and ENSO-related rainfall variability in a GCM with an interactive aerosol treatment. Int. J. Climatol., 30, 1067-1088, doi:10.1002/joc.1952.
    • (2010) Int. J. Climatol. , vol.30 , pp. 1067-1088
    • Rotstayn, L.D.1    Collier, M.A.2    Feng, Y.3    Gordon, H.B.4    O'Farrell, S.P.5    Smith, I.N.6    Syktus, J.7
  • 43
    • 84877829819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal changes in solar radiation and relative humidity in Europe in response to global warming
    • Ruosteenoja, K., and P. Räisänen, 2013: Seasonal changes in solar radiation and relative humidity in Europe in response to global warming. J. Climate, 26, 2467-2481, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00007.1.
    • (2013) J. Climate , vol.26 , pp. 2467-2481
    • Ruosteenoja, K.1    Räisänen, P.2
  • 44
    • 84885335194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heavy precipitation events in a warmer climate: Results from CMIP5 models
    • Scoccimarro, E., S. Gualdi, A. Bellucci, M. Zampieri, and A. Navarra, 2013: Heavy precipitation events in a warmer climate: Results from CMIP5 models. J. Climate, 26, 7902-7911, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00850.1.
    • (2013) J. Climate , vol.26 , pp. 7902-7911
    • Scoccimarro, E.1    Gualdi, S.2    Bellucci, A.3    Zampieri, M.4    Navarra, A.5
  • 45
    • 0036312132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secular trends in daily precipitation characteristics: Greenhouse gas simulations with a coupled AOGCM
    • Semenov, V., and L. Bengtsson, 2002: Secular trends in daily precipitation characteristics: Greenhouse gas simulations with a coupled AOGCM. Climate Dyn, 19, 123-140, doi:10.1007/s00382-001-0218-4.
    • (2002) Climate Dyn , vol.19 , pp. 123-140
    • Semenov, V.1    Bengtsson, L.2
  • 46
    • 84860684669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An overview of CMIP5 and the experiment design
    • Taylor, K. E., R. J. Stouffer, and G. A. Meehl, 2012: An overview of CMIP5 and the experiment design. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 93, 485-498, doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00094.1.
    • (2012) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.93 , pp. 485-498
    • Taylor, K.E.1    Stouffer, R.J.2    Meehl, G.A.3
  • 47
    • 0032775782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conceptual framework for changes of extremes of the hydrological cycle with climate change
    • Trenberth, K. E., 1999: Conceptual framework for changes of extremes of the hydrological cycle with climate change. Climatic Change, 42, 327-339, doi:10.1023/A:1005488920935.
    • (1999) Climatic Change , vol.42 , pp. 327-339
    • Trenberth, K.E.1
  • 49
    • 84876829330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The CNRM-CM5.1 global climate model: Description and basic evaluation
    • Voldoire, A., and Coauthors, 2013: The CNRM-CM5.1 global climate model: Description and basic evaluation. Climate Dyn., 40, 2091-2121, doi:10.1007/s00382-011-1259-y.
    • (2013) Climate Dyn. , vol.40 , pp. 2091-2121
    • Voldoire, A.1
  • 50
    • 77956285070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulating present day climate with the INMCM4.0 coupled model of the atmospheric and coastal general circulations
    • Volodin, E. M., N. A. Dianskii, and A. V. Gusev, 2010: Simulating present day climate with the INMCM4.0 coupled model of the atmospheric and coastal general circulations. Izv. Atmos. Oceanic Phys., 46, 414-431, doi:10.1134/S000143381004002X.
    • (2010) Izv. Atmos. Oceanic Phys. , vol.46 , pp. 414-431
    • Volodin, E.M.1    Dianskii, N.A.2    Gusev, A.V.3
  • 51
    • 44149099059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indicators of climate change in the Northeast 2005
    • Clean Air-Cool Planet Rep.
    • Wake, C., and A. Markham, 2005: Indicators of climate change in the Northeast 2005. Clean Air-Cool Planet Rep., 32 pp.
    • (2005) , pp. 32
    • Wake, C.1    Markham, A.2
  • 52
    • 78650547976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved climate simulation by MIROC5: Mean states, variability, and climate sensitivity
    • Watanabe, M., and Coauthors, 2010: Improved climate simulation by MIROC5: Mean states, variability, and climate sensitivity. J. Climate, 23, 6312-6335, doi:10.1175/2010JCLI3679.1.
    • (2010) J. Climate , vol.23 , pp. 6312-6335
    • Watanabe, M.1
  • 53
    • 34447526638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How much more rain will global warming bring?
    • Wentz, F. J., L. Ricciardulli, K. Hilburn, and C. Mears, 2007: How much more rain will global warming bring? Science, 317, 233-235, doi:10.1126/science.1140746.
    • (2007) Science , vol.317 , pp. 233-235
    • Wentz, F.J.1    Ricciardulli, L.2    Hilburn, K.3    Mears, C.4
  • 54
    • 84878976915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global increasing trends in annual maximum daily precipitation
    • Westra, S., L. V. Alexander, and F. W. Zwiers, 2013: Global increasing trends in annual maximum daily precipitation. J. Climate, 26, 3904-3918, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00502.1.
    • (2013) J. Climate , vol.26 , pp. 3904-3918
    • Westra, S.1    Alexander, L.V.2    Zwiers, F.W.3
  • 55
    • 36448993327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulation of hydrologic changes associated with global warming
    • Wetherald, R. T., and S. Manabe, 2002: Simulation of hydrologic changes associated with global warming. J. Geophys. Res., 107, 4379, doi:10.1029/2001JD001195.
    • (2002) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.107 , pp. 4379
    • Wetherald, R.T.1    Manabe, S.2
  • 56
    • 0030482032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of global monthly precipitation using gauge observations, satellite estimates, and numerical model predictions
    • Xie, P., and P. A. Arkin, 1996: Analysis of global monthly precipitation using gauge observations, satellite estimates, and numerical model predictions. J. Climate, 9, 840-858, doi:10.1175/1520-0442(1996)009<0840:AOGMPU>2.0.CO;2.
    • (1996) J. Climate , vol.9 , pp. 840-858
    • Xie, P.1    Arkin, P.A.2
  • 57
    • 0031403103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global precipitation: A 17-year monthly analysis based on gauge observations, satellite estimates, and numerical model outputs
    • Xie, P., and P. A. Arkin, 1997: Global precipitation: A 17-year monthly analysis based on gauge observations, satellite estimates, and numerical model outputs. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 78, 2539-2558, doi:10.1175/1520-0477(1997)078<2539:GPAYMA>2.0.CO;2.
    • (1997) Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. , vol.78 , pp. 2539-2558
    • Xie, P.1    Arkin, P.A.2
  • 58
    • 84888062853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introductions to the CMIP 5 simulations conducted by the BCC climate system model (in Chinese)
    • Xin, X., T. Wu, and J. Zhang, 2012: Introductions to the CMIP 5 simulations conducted by the BCC climate system model (in Chinese). Adv. Climate Change Res., 8, 378-382.
    • (2012) Adv. Climate Change Res. , vol.8 , pp. 378-382
    • Xin, X.1    Wu, T.2    Zhang, J.3
  • 59
    • 12144266377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the GPCP and CMAP merged gauge-satellite monthly precipitation products for the period 1979-2001
    • Yin, X., A. Gruber, and P. Arkin, 2004: Comparison of the GPCP and CMAP merged gauge-satellite monthly precipitation products for the period 1979-2001. J. Hydrometeor., 5, 1207-1222, doi:10.1175/JHM-392.1.
    • (2004) J. Hydrometeor. , vol.5 , pp. 1207-1222
    • Yin, X.1    Gruber, A.2    Arkin, P.3
  • 60
    • 84864247969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new global climate model of the Meteorological Research Institute: MRI-CGCM3-Model description and basic performance
    • Yukimoto, S., and Coauthors, 2012: A new global climate model of the Meteorological Research Institute: MRI-CGCM3-Model description and basic performance. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 90A, 23-64, doi:10.2151/jmsj.2012-A02.
    • (2012) J. Meteor. Soc. Japan , vol.90 A , pp. 23-64
    • Yukimoto, S.1
  • 61
    • 84881262616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multimodel assessment of future projections of North Atlantic and European extratropical cyclones in the CMIP5 climate models
    • Zappa, G., L. C. Shaffrey, K. I. Hodges, P. G. Sansom, and D. B. Stephenson, 2013: A multimodel assessment of future projections of North Atlantic and European extratropical cyclones in the CMIP5 climate models. J. Climate, 26, 5846-5862, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00573.1.
    • (2013) J. Climate , vol.26 , pp. 5846-5862
    • Zappa, G.1    Shaffrey, L.C.2    Hodges, K.I.3    Sansom, P.G.4    Stephenson, D.B.5
  • 62
    • 84860301454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pre-industrial and mid-Pliocene simulations with NorESM-L
    • Zhang, Z. S., and Coauthors, 2012: Pre-industrial and mid-Pliocene simulations with NorESM-L. Geosci. Model Dev., 5, 523-533, doi:10.5194/gmd-5-523-2012.
    • (2012) Geosci. Model Dev. , vol.5 , pp. 523-533
    • Zhang, Z.S.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.