메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 372, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 55-65

Disorders of plasma sodium-causes, consequences, and correction

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASE (POTASSIUM SODIUM); DESMOPRESSIN; FUROSEMIDE; GLUCOSE; HYPERTONIC SOLUTION; POTASSIUM; SODIUM; SODIUM CHLORIDE; UREA; VANILLOID RECEPTOR 1; VANILLOID RECEPTOR 4; VASOPRESSIN; VASOPRESSIN ANTAGONIST;

EID: 84920405762     PISSN: 00284793     EISSN: 15334406     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMra1404489     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (399)

References (79)
  • 1
    • 82655173693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Body fluid dynamics: Back to the future
    • Bhave G, Neilson EG. Body fluid dynamics: back to the future. J Am Soc Nephrol 2011;22:2166-81.
    • (2011) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.22 , pp. 2166-2181
    • Bhave, G.1    Neilson, E.G.2
  • 2
    • 84896971047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human aquaporins: Regulators of trans-cellular water f low
    • Day RE, Kitchen P, Owen DS, et al. Human aquaporins: regulators of trans-cellular water f low. Biochim Biophys Acta 2014;1840:1492-506.
    • (2014) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1840 , pp. 1492-1506
    • Day, R.E.1    Kitchen, P.2    Owen, D.S.3
  • 3
    • 70449220312 scopus 로고
    • Interrelations between serum sodium concentration, serum osmo-larity and total exchangeable sodium, total exchangeable potassium and total body water
    • Edelman IS, Leibman J, O'Meara MP, Birkenfeld LW. Interrelations between serum sodium concentration, serum osmo-larity and total exchangeable sodium, total exchangeable potassium and total body water. J Clin Invest 1958; 37: 1236-56.
    • (1958) J Clin Invest , vol.37 , pp. 1236-1256
    • Edelman, I.S.1    Leibman, J.2    O'Meara, M.P.3    Birkenfeld, L.W.4
  • 4
    • 84859551802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reply to: We-schler LB. The Edelman equation as it applies to acute and chronic hyponatremia
    • Nguyen MK, Kurtz I. Reply to: We-schler LB. The Edelman equation as it applies to acute and chronic hyponatremia. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2012;302:R899-R901.
    • (2012) Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol , vol.302 , pp. R899-R901
    • Nguyen, M.K.1    Kurtz, I.2
  • 5
    • 0028062112 scopus 로고
    • The chondrocyte: A cell under pressure
    • Urban JP. The chondrocyte: a cell under pressure. Br J Rheumatol 1994; 33: 901-8.
    • (1994) Br J Rheumatol , vol.33 , pp. 901-908
    • Urban, J.P.1
  • 6
    • 0000733534 scopus 로고
    • Organization for physiological homeostasis
    • Cannon WB. Organization for physiological homeostasis. Physiol Rev 1929; 9: 399-431.
    • (1929) Physiol Rev , vol.9 , pp. 399-431
    • Cannon, W.B.1
  • 7
    • 0013806479 scopus 로고
    • Effect of acute hypernatre-mia, hyponatremia, and acidosis on bone sodium
    • Forbes GB, Tobin RB, Harrison A, McCoord A. Effect of acute hypernatre-mia, hyponatremia, and acidosis on bone sodium. Am J Physiol 1965; 209: 825-9.
    • (1965) Am J Physiol , vol.209 , pp. 825-829
    • Forbes, G.B.1    Tobin, R.B.2    Harrison, A.3    McCoord, A.4
  • 8
    • 0010613748 scopus 로고
    • The genesis of hyponatremia associated with marked overhydration and water intoxication
    • Stormont JM, Waterhouse C. The genesis of hyponatremia associated with marked overhydration and water intoxication. Circulation 1961;24:191-203.
    • (1961) Circulation , vol.24 , pp. 191-203
    • Stormont, J.M.1    Waterhouse, C.2
  • 9
    • 3042690780 scopus 로고
    • Mucopolysaccharides and sodium metabolism
    • Farber SJ. Mucopolysaccharides and sodium metabolism. Circulation 1960; 21: 941-7.
    • (1960) Circulation , vol.21 , pp. 941-947
    • Farber, S.J.1
  • 10
    • 49749166417 scopus 로고
    • The osmotic behaviour of the body cells in man; Significance of changes of plasma-electrolyte levels in body-fluid disorders
    • Wynn V. The osmotic behaviour of the body cells in man; significance of changes of plasma-electrolyte levels in body-fluid disorders. Lancet 1957; 273: 1212-8.
    • (1957) Lancet , vol.273 , pp. 1212-1218
    • Wynn, V.1
  • 12
    • 0033996920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High dietary sodium chloride consumption may not induce body fluid retention in humans
    • Heer M, Baisch F, Kropp J, Gerzer R, Drummer C. High dietary sodium chloride consumption may not induce body fluid retention in humans. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2000;278:F585-F595.
    • (2000) Am J Physiol Renal Physiol , vol.278 , pp. F585-F595
    • Heer, M.1    Baisch, F.2    Kropp, J.3    Gerzer, R.4    Drummer, C.5
  • 13
    • 29444435800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three independent biological mechanisms cause exercise-associated hypona-tremia: Evidence from 2, 135 weighed competitive athletic performances
    • Noakes TD, Sharwood K, Speedy D, et al. Three independent biological mechanisms cause exercise-associated hypona-tremia: evidence from 2, 135 weighed competitive athletic performances. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005; 102: 18550-5.
    • (2005) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.102 , pp. 18550-18555
    • Noakes, T.D.1    Sharwood, K.2    Speedy, D.3
  • 14
    • 0242497268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Osmoti-cally inactive skin Na+ storage in rats
    • Titze J, Lang R, Ilies C, et al. Osmoti-cally inactive skin Na+ storage in rats. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2003; 285: F1108-F1117.
    • (2003) Am J Physiol Renal Physiol , vol.285 , pp. F1108-F1117
    • Titze, J.1    Lang, R.2    Ilies, C.3
  • 15
    • 3042531038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycosaminoglycan polymerization may enable osmotically inactive Na+ storage in the skin
    • Titze J, Shakibaei M, Schafflhuber M, et al. Glycosaminoglycan polymerization may enable osmotically inactive Na+ storage in the skin. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2004;287:H203-H208.
    • (2004) Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol , vol.287 , pp. H203-H208
    • Titze, J.1    Shakibaei, M.2    Schafflhuber, M.3
  • 16
    • 84879616239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune cells control skin lymphatic electrolyte homeostasis and blood pressure
    • Wiig H, Schröder A, Neuhofer W, et al. Immune cells control skin lymphatic electrolyte homeostasis and blood pressure. J Clin Invest 2013; 123: 2803-15.
    • (2013) J Clin Invest , vol.123 , pp. 2803-2815
    • Wiig, H.1    Schröder, A.2    Neuhofer, W.3
  • 18
    • 84884418894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bone: An acute buffer of plasma sodium during exhaustive exercise?
    • Hew-Butler T, Stuempfle KJ, Hoffman MD. Bone: an acute buffer of plasma sodium during exhaustive exercise? Horm Metab Res 2013;45:697-700.
    • (2013) Horm Metab Res , vol.45 , pp. 697-700
    • Hew-Butler, T.1    Stuempfle, K.J.2    Hoffman, M.D.3
  • 19
    • 0022962679 scopus 로고
    • New approach to disturbances in the plasma sodium concentration
    • Rose BD. New approach to disturbances in the plasma sodium concentration. Am J Med 1986; 81: 1033-40.
    • (1986) Am J Med , vol.81 , pp. 1033-1040
    • Rose, B.D.1
  • 20
    • 48049093537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of solute intake on urine flow and water excretion
    • Berl T. Impact of solute intake on urine flow and water excretion. J Am Soc Nephrol 2008;19:1076-8.
    • (2008) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.19 , pp. 1076-1078
    • Berl, T.1
  • 21
    • 84893830708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Osmotic diuresis-induced hypernatremia: Better explained by solute-free water clearance or electrolyte-free water clearance?
    • Popli S, Tzamaloukas AH, Ing TS. Osmotic diuresis-induced hypernatremia: better explained by solute-free water clearance or electrolyte-free water clearance? Int Urol Nephrol 2014; 46: 207-10.
    • (2014) Int Urol Nephrol , vol.46 , pp. 207-210
    • Popli, S.1    Tzamaloukas, A.H.2    Ing, T.S.3
  • 22
    • 84861146588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Osmotic diuresis due to urea as the cause of hypernatraemia in critically ill patients
    • Lindner G, Schwarz C, Funk GC. Osmotic diuresis due to urea as the cause of hypernatraemia in critically ill patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012; 27: 962-7.
    • (2012) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.27 , pp. 962-967
    • Lindner, G.1    Schwarz, C.2    Funk, G.C.3
  • 23
    • 77957774160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of euvolemic hy-ponatremia in the intensive care unit by urea
    • Decaux G, Andres C, Gankam Kengne F, Soupart A. Treatment of euvolemic hy-ponatremia in the intensive care unit by urea. Crit Care 2010; 14: R184.
    • (2010) Crit Care , vol.14 , pp. R184
    • Decaux, G.1    Andres, C.2    Gankam Kengne, F.3    Soupart, A.4
  • 24
    • 84860786148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and tolerance of urea compared with vap-tans for long-term treatment of patients with SIADH
    • Soupart A, Coffernils M, Couturier B, Gankam-Kengne F, Decaux G. Efficacy and tolerance of urea compared with vap-tans for long-term treatment of patients with SIADH. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2012; 7:742-7.
    • (2012) Clin J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.7 , pp. 742-747
    • Soupart, A.1    Coffernils, M.2    Couturier, B.3    Gankam-Kengne, F.4    Decaux, G.5
  • 25
    • 77954321271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microvascular fluid exchange and the revised Starling principle
    • Levick JR, Michel CC. Microvascular fluid exchange and the revised Starling principle. Cardiovasc Res 2010; 87: 198-210.
    • (2010) Cardiovasc Res , vol.87 , pp. 198-210
    • Levick, J.R.1    Michel, C.C.2
  • 26
    • 84872186667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview and introduction: The blood-brain barrier in health and disease
    • Abbott NJ, Friedman A. Overview and introduction: the blood-brain barrier in health and disease. Epilepsia 2012; 53: Suppl 6:1-6.
    • (2012) Epilepsia , vol.53 , pp. 1-6
    • Abbott, N.J.1    Friedman, A.2
  • 27
    • 84864551108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiopathology of hereditary polyuric states: A molecular view of renal function
    • Bichet DG. Physiopathology of hereditary polyuric states: a molecular view of renal function. Swiss Med Wkly 2012; 142: w13613.
    • (2012) Swiss Med Wkly , vol.142 , pp. w13613
    • Bichet, D.G.1
  • 28
    • 45749131367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central mechanisms of osmosensation and systemic osmoregula-tion
    • Bourque CW. Central mechanisms of osmosensation and systemic osmoregula-tion. Nat Rev Neurosci 2008; 9: 519-31.
    • (2008) Nat Rev Neurosci , vol.9 , pp. 519-531
    • Bourque, C.W.1
  • 29
    • 84884936474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integration of thermal and osmotic regulation of water homeostasis: The role of TRPV channels
    • Sladek CD, Johnson AK. Integration of thermal and osmotic regulation of water homeostasis: the role of TRPV channels. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2013;305:R669-R678.
    • (2013) Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol , vol.305 , pp. R669-R678
    • Sladek, C.D.1    Johnson, A.K.2
  • 30
    • 69549122680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A loss-of-function nonsynonymous polymorphism in the osmoregulatory TRPV4 gene is associated with human hypona-tremia
    • Tian W, Fu Y, Garcia-Elias A, et al. A loss-of-function nonsynonymous polymorphism in the osmoregulatory TRPV4 gene is associated with human hypona-tremia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2009; 106:14034-9.
    • (2009) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.106 , pp. 14034-14039
    • Tian, W.1    Fu, Y.2    Garcia-Elias, A.3
  • 31
  • 34
    • 34249047454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis
    • Ellison DH, Berl T. The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis. N Engl J Med 2007;356:2064-72.
    • (2007) N Engl J Med , vol.356 , pp. 2064-2072
    • Ellison, D.H.1    Berl, T.2
  • 36
    • 84900017476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systematic review of the ability of urine concentration to distinguish antipsychotic-from psychosis-induced hyponatremia
    • Atsariyasing W, Goldman MB. A systematic review of the ability of urine concentration to distinguish antipsychotic-from psychosis-induced hyponatremia. Psychiatry Res 2014;217:129-33.
    • (2014) Psychiatry Res , vol.217 , pp. 129-133
    • Atsariyasing, W.1    Goldman, M.B.2
  • 41
    • 84862490614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term treatment of hyponatremic patients with nephro-genic syndrome of inappropriate antidi-uresis: Personal experience and review of published case reports
    • Vandergheynst F, Brachet C, Hein-richs C, Decaux G. Long-term treatment of hyponatremic patients with nephro-genic syndrome of inappropriate antidi-uresis: personal experience and review of published case reports. Nephron Clin Pract 2012;120:c168-c172.
    • (2012) Nephron Clin Pract , vol.120 , pp. c168-c172
    • Vandergheynst, F.1    Brachet, C.2    Hein-Richs, C.3    Decaux, G.4
  • 42
    • 42549144456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DDAVP is effective in preventing and reversing inadvertent overcorrection of hyponatremia
    • Perianayagam A, Sterns RH, Silver SM, et al. DDAVP is effective in preventing and reversing inadvertent overcorrection of hyponatremia. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2008; 3: 331-6.
    • (2008) Clin J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.3 , pp. 331-336
    • Perianayagam, A.1    Sterns, R.H.2    Silver, S.M.3
  • 45
    • 77956432007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone: Diagnostic and therapeutic advances
    • Fenske W, Allolio B. The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone: diagnostic and therapeutic advances. Horm Metab Res 2010; 42: 691-702.
    • (2010) Horm Metab Res , vol.42 , pp. 691-702
    • Fenske, W.1    Allolio, B.2
  • 46
    • 77953678084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Utility and limitations of the traditional diagnostic approach to hyponatremia: A diagnostic study
    • Fenske W, Maier SK, Blechschmidt A, Allolio B, Störk S. Utility and limitations of the traditional diagnostic approach to hyponatremia: a diagnostic study. Am J Med 2010; 123: 652-7.
    • (2010) Am J Med , vol.123 , pp. 652-657
    • Fenske, W.1    Maier, S.K.2    Blechschmidt, A.3    Allolio, B.4    Störk, S.5
  • 47
    • 85030411775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Erratum
    • Erratum, Am J Med 2011;124(10):e9.
    • (2011) Am J Med , vol.124 , Issue.10 , pp. e9
  • 48
    • 78649922889 scopus 로고
    • Evidence in man that urinary electrolyte loss induced by pitressin is a function of water retention
    • Leaf A, Bartter FC, Santos RF, Wrong O. Evidence in man that urinary electrolyte loss induced by pitressin is a function of water retention. J Clin Invest 1953; 32: 868-78.
    • (1953) J Clin Invest , vol.32 , pp. 868-878
    • Leaf, A.1    Bartter, F.C.2    Santos, R.F.3    Wrong, O.4
  • 50
    • 84892146954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyponatremia following mild/moderate subarachnoid hemorrhage is due to SIAD and glucocorticoid deficiency and not cerebral salt wasting
    • Hannon MJ, Behan LA, O'Brien MM, et al. Hyponatremia following mild/moderate subarachnoid hemorrhage is due to SIAD and glucocorticoid deficiency and not cerebral salt wasting. J Clin Endocri-nol Metab 2014;99:291-8.
    • (2014) J Clin Endocri-nol Metab , vol.99 , pp. 291-298
    • Hannon, M.J.1    Behan, L.A.2    O'Brien, M.M.3
  • 51
    • 39049118541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cerebral salt wasting versus SIADH: What difference?
    • Sterns RH, Silver SM. Cerebral salt wasting versus SIADH: what difference? J Am Soc Nephrol 2008; 19: 194-6.
    • (2008) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.19 , pp. 194-196
    • Sterns, R.H.1    Silver, S.M.2
  • 52
    • 0042524570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Salt and water: Read the package insert
    • Sterns RH, Silver SM. Salt and water: read the package insert. QJM 2003; 96: 549-52.
    • (2003) QJM , vol.96 , pp. 549-552
    • Sterns, R.H.1    Silver, S.M.2
  • 53
  • 54
    • 10344239949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cellular volume homeosta-sis
    • Strange K. Cellular volume homeosta-sis. Adv Physiol Educ 2004; 28: 155-9.
    • (2004) Adv Physiol Educ , vol.28 , pp. 155-159
    • Strange, K.1
  • 55
    • 24644450812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organic osmolytes as compatible, metabolic and counteracting cyto-protectants in high osmolarity and other stresses
    • Yancey PH. Organic osmolytes as compatible, metabolic and counteracting cyto-protectants in high osmolarity and other stresses. J Exp Biol 2005; 208: 2819-30.
    • (2005) J Exp Biol , vol.208 , pp. 2819-2830
    • Yancey, P.H.1
  • 56
    • 77953683221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain volume regulation in response to changes in osmolality
    • Verbalis JG. Brain volume regulation in response to changes in osmolality. Neuroscience 2010; 168: 862-70.
    • (2010) Neuroscience , vol.168 , pp. 862-870
    • Verbalis, J.G.1
  • 57
    • 77953684415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brain volume regulation: Osmolytes and aquaporin perspectives
    • Pasantes-Morales H, Cruz-Rangel S. Brain volume regulation: osmolytes and aquaporin perspectives. Neuroscience 2010;168:871-84.
    • (2010) Neuroscience , vol.168 , pp. 871-884
    • Pasantes-Morales, H.1    Cruz-Rangel, S.2
  • 58
    • 80053479492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Astrocytes are an early target in osmotic demyelination syndrome
    • Gankam Kengne F, Nicaise C, Soupart A, et al. Astrocytes are an early target in osmotic demyelination syndrome. J Am Soc Nephrol 2011;22:1834-45.
    • (2011) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.22 , pp. 1834-1845
    • Gankam Kengne, F.1    Nicaise, C.2    Soupart, A.3
  • 59
    • 33644905324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myoinositol administration improves survival and reduces myelinoly-sis after rapid correction of chronic hypo-natremia in rats
    • Silver SM, Schroeder BM, Sterns RH, Rojiani AM. Myoinositol administration improves survival and reduces myelinoly-sis after rapid correction of chronic hypo-natremia in rats. J Neuropathol Exp Neu-rol 2006;65:37-44.
    • (2006) J Neuropathol Exp Neu-rol , vol.65 , pp. 37-44
    • Silver, S.M.1    Schroeder, B.M.2    Sterns, R.H.3    Rojiani, A.M.4
  • 60
    • 69549135242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Re-induction of hyponatremia after rapid overcorrection of hyponatremia reduces mortality in rats
    • Gankam Kengne F, Soupart A, Pochet R, Brion JP, Decaux G. Re-induction of hyponatremia after rapid overcorrection of hyponatremia reduces mortality in rats. Kidney Int 2009; 76: 614-21.
    • (2009) Kidney Int , vol.76 , pp. 614-621
    • Gankam Kengne, F.1    Soupart, A.2    Pochet, R.3    Brion, J.P.4    Decaux, G.5
  • 61
    • 84908606565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minocycline prevents osmotic demye-lination associated with aquaresis
    • Takagi H, Sugimura Y, Suzuki H, et al. Minocycline prevents osmotic demye-lination associated with aquaresis. Kidney Int 2014;86:954-64.
    • (2014) Kidney Int , vol.86 , pp. 954-964
    • Takagi, H.1    Sugimura, Y.2    Suzuki, H.3
  • 62
    • 0022633817 scopus 로고
    • Osmotic demyelination syndrome following correction of hyponatremia
    • Sterns RH, Riggs JE, Schochet SS Jr. Osmotic demyelination syndrome following correction of hyponatremia. N Engl J Med 1986; 314: 1535-42.
    • (1986) N Engl J Med , vol.314 , pp. 1535-1542
    • Sterns, R.H.1    Riggs, J.E.2    Schochet, S.S.3
  • 63
    • 84859316904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • More often striatal myelinolysis than pontine? A consecutive series of patients with osmotic demyelination syndrome
    • de Souza A, Desai PK. More often striatal myelinolysis than pontine? A consecutive series of patients with osmotic demyelination syndrome. Neurol Res 2012;34:262-71.
    • (2012) Neurol Res , vol.34 , pp. 262-271
    • De Souza, A.1    Desai, P.K.2
  • 64
    • 84857657763 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term outcome of patients hospitalized in intensive care units with central or extrapontine myelinolysis
    • Louis G, Megarbane B, Lavoué S, et al. Long-term outcome of patients hospitalized in intensive care units with central or extrapontine myelinolysis. Crit Care Med 2012;40:970-2.
    • (2012) Crit Care Med , vol.40 , pp. 970-972
    • Louis, G.1    Megarbane, B.2    Lavoué, S.3
  • 65
    • 84890514613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical semiology and neuroradiologic correlates of acute hypernatremic osmotic challenge in adults: A literature review
    • Ismail FY, Szóllics A, Szólics M, Nagelkerke N, Ljubisavljevic M. Clinical semiology and neuroradiologic correlates of acute hypernatremic osmotic challenge in adults: a literature review. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2013;34:2225-32.
    • (2013) AJNR Am J Neuroradiol , vol.34 , pp. 2225-2232
    • Ismail, F.Y.1    Szóllics, A.2    Szólics, M.3    Nagelkerke, N.4    Ljubisavljevic, M.5
  • 67
    • 84880667853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What is the safe approach for neonatal hypernatremic dehydration? A retrospective study from a neonatal intensive care unit
    • Bolat F, Oflaz MB, Güven AS, et al. What is the safe approach for neonatal hypernatremic dehydration? A retrospective study from a neonatal intensive care unit. Pediatr Emerg Care 2013; 29: 808-13.
    • (2013) Pediatr Emerg Care , vol.29 , pp. 808-813
    • Bolat, F.1    Oflaz, M.B.2    Güven, A.S.3
  • 68
    • 0028001019 scopus 로고
    • Organic osmolytes in the brain of an infant with hypernatremia
    • Lee JH, Arcinue E, Ross BD. Organic osmolytes in the brain of an infant with hypernatremia. N Engl J Med 1994; 331: 439-42.
    • (1994) N Engl J Med , vol.331 , pp. 439-442
    • Lee, J.H.1    Arcinue, E.2    Ross, B.D.3
  • 69
    • 84893186628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moderate hyponatremia is associated with increased risk of mortality: Evidence from a meta-analysis
    • Corona G, Giuliani C, Parenti G, et al. Moderate hyponatremia is associated with increased risk of mortality: evidence from a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8(12):e80451.
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8 , Issue.12 , pp. e80451
    • Corona, G.1    Giuliani, C.2    Parenti, G.3
  • 71
    • 68749103375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality after hospitalization with mild, moderate, and severe hyponatremia
    • Waikar SS, Mount DB, Curhan GC. Mortality after hospitalization with mild, moderate, and severe hyponatremia. Am J Med 2009;122:857-65.
    • (2009) Am J Med , vol.122 , pp. 857-865
    • Waikar, S.S.1    Mount, D.B.2    Curhan, G.C.3
  • 72
    • 84878610713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic hyponatremia exacerbates multiple manifestations of senescence in male rats
    • Barsony J, Manigrasso MB, Xu Q, Tam H, Verbalis JG. Chronic hyponatremia exacerbates multiple manifestations of senescence in male rats. Age (Dordr) 2013; 35:271-88.
    • (2013) Age (Dordr) , vol.35 , pp. 271-288
    • Barsony, J.1    Manigrasso, M.B.2    Xu, Q.3    Tam, H.4    Verbalis, J.G.5
  • 73
    • 79551618152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of a protocol for hypertonic saline administration in acute euvolemic symptomatic hyponatremia: A prospective observational trial
    • Bhaskar E, Kumar B, Ramalakshmi S. Evaluation of a protocol for hypertonic saline administration in acute euvolemic symptomatic hyponatremia: a prospective observational trial. Indian J Crit Care Med 2010;14:170-4.
    • (2010) Indian J Crit Care Med , vol.14 , pp. 170-174
    • Bhaskar, E.1    Kumar, B.2    Ramalakshmi, S.3
  • 74
    • 84875210658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypertonic saline and desmo-pressin: A simple strategy for safe correction of severe hyponatremia
    • Sood L, Sterns RH, Hix JK, Silver SM, Chen L. Hypertonic saline and desmo-pressin: a simple strategy for safe correction of severe hyponatremia. Am J Kidney Dis 2013;61:571-8.
    • (2013) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.61 , pp. 571-578
    • Sood, L.1    Sterns, R.H.2    Hix, J.K.3    Silver, S.M.4    Chen, L.5
  • 75
    • 84897383512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical practice guideline on diagnosis and treatment of hyponatraemia
    • Spasovski G, Vanholder R, Allolio B, et al. Clinical practice guideline on diagnosis and treatment of hyponatraemia. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2014; 29: Suppl 2: i1-i39.
    • (2014) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.29 , pp. i1-i39
    • Spasovski, G.1    Vanholder, R.2    Allolio, B.3
  • 76
    • 84884874250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of hyponatremia: Expert panel recommendations
    • Verbalis JG, Goldsmith SR, Greenberg A, et al. Diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of hyponatremia: expert panel recommendations. Am J Med 2013; 126: Suppl 1:S1-S 42.
    • (2013) Am J Med , vol.126 , pp. S1-S42
    • Verbalis, J.G.1    Goldsmith, S.R.2    Greenberg, A.3
  • 77
    • 84881158554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survival of acute hypernatre-mia due to massive soy sauce ingestion
    • Carlberg DJ, Borek HA, Syverud SA, Holstege CP. Survival of acute hypernatre-mia due to massive soy sauce ingestion. J Emerg Med 2013; 45: 228-31.
    • (2013) J Emerg Med , vol.45 , pp. 228-231
    • Carlberg, D.J.1    Borek, H.A.2    Syverud, S.A.3    Holstege, C.P.4
  • 78
    • 79955523461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severe hypernatre-mia correction rate and mortality in hospitalized patients
    • Alshayeb HM, Showkat A, Babar F, Mangold T, Wall BM. Severe hypernatre-mia correction rate and mortality in hospitalized patients. Am J Med Sci 2011; 341: 356-60.
    • (2011) Am J Med Sci , vol.341 , pp. 356-360
    • Alshayeb, H.M.1    Showkat, A.2    Babar, F.3    Mangold, T.4    Wall, B.M.5
  • 79
    • 84895924827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Undercorrection of hypernatremia is frequent and associated with mortality
    • Bataille S, Baralla C, Torro D, et al. Undercorrection of hypernatremia is frequent and associated with mortality. BMC Nephrol 2014;15:3710.1186/1471-2369-15-37.
    • (2014) BMC Nephrol , vol.15 , pp. 37
    • Bataille, S.1    Baralla, C.2    Torro, D.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.