Spice/k2 synthetic marijuana-induced toxic hepatitis treated with n-acetylcysteine

American Journal of Case Reports

Volumn 15, Issue , 2014, Pages 584-588

  Sheikh, Israr A ^a   Lukšič, Miha ^b   Ferstenberg, Richard ^a   Culpepper Morgan, Joan A ^a  

^a Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine Columbia University Harlem Hospital Center ^*  (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LJUBLJANA   (Slovenia)

Author keywords

Acetylcysteine; Acute; Cannabinoids; Drug Induced liver injury; Liver failure

Indexed keywords

ACETYLCYSTEINE; ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE; ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE; BILIRUBIN; BILIRUBIN GLUCURONIDE; CANNABIS DERIVATIVE; GAMMA GLUTAMYLTRANSFERASE; METHADONE; ANTIVIRUS AGENT; CANNABINOID; STREET DRUG;

ADULT; ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE BLOOD LEVEL; ARTICLE; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; BILIRUBIN BLOOD LEVEL; CANNABIS ADDICTION; CASE REPORT; DISEASE COURSE; FATIGUE; FOLLOW UP; GAMMA GLUTAMYL TRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; HEROIN DEPENDENCE; HISPANIC; HUMAN; INTERNATIONAL NORMALIZED RATIO; LETHARGY; MALE; MENTAL HEALTH; MIDDLE AGED; REHYDRATION; SENSE OF COHERENCE; SOMNOLENCE; TOXIC HEPATITIS; TREATMENT RESPONSE; TREATMENT WITHDRAWAL; ADVERSE EFFECTS; DRUG-INDUCED LIVER INJURY; SPICE;

ACETYLCYSTEINE; ANTIVIRAL AGENTS; CANNABINOIDS; DRUG-INDUCED LIVER INJURY; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; SPICES; STREET DRUGS;

EID: 84920073842     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19415923     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.891399     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. Schwingel PA, Cotrim HP, Salles BR et al: Anabolic-androgenic steroids: a possible new risk factor of toxicant-associated fatty liver disease. Liver Int, 2011; 3: 348–53
2. Aoun EG, Christopher PP, Ingraham JW: Emerging drugs of abuse: clinical and legal considerations. Rh I Med J, 2014; 96: 41–45
3. Teschke R, Wolf A, Frenzel C et al: Drug and herb induced liver injury: Council for international Organizations of Medical Sciences scale for causality assessment. World J Hepatol, 2014; 6: 17–32
4. Marriot KS, Hufman JW: Recent advances in the development of selective ligands for the cannabinoid CB(2) receptor. Curr Top Med Chem, 2008; 8: 187–204
5. Canning JC, Ruha A-M, Pierce R et al: Severe GI distress after smoking JWH-018. Clin Toxicol, 2010; 48: 618
6. Hermanns-Clausen M, Kneisel S, Szabo B, Auwarter V: Acute toxicity due to the confirmed consumption of synthetic cannabinoids: clinical and laboratory findings. Addiction, 2013; 108: 534–44
7. Modern-Famicom. The seller of religions, and hell. 2012. Available from: URL: http://www.erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=80051
8. Simmons J, Cookman L, Kang C, Skinner C: Three cases of spice exposure. Clin Toxicol, 2011; 49: 431–33
9. Sobolevsky T, Prasolov I, Rodchenkov G: Detection of JWH-018 metabolites in smoking mixture post-administration urine. Forensic Sci Int, 2010; 200: 141–47
10. Benford DM, Caplan JP: Psychiatric sequelae of Spice, K2, and synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists. Psychosomatics, 2011; 52: 295
11. Fattore L, Fratta W: Beyond THC: The new generation of cannabinoid designer drugs. Front Behav Neurosci, 2011; 5: 60
12. Bebarta VS, Ramirez S, Varney SM: Spice: a new legal herbal mixture abused by young active duty military personnel. Substance Abuse, 2012; 33: 191–94
13. Rose J: Fake pot is a real problem for regulators. National Public Radio News 2012. Available from: URL: http://m.npr.org/news/U.S./156615024
14. Ashton, JC: Synthetic cannabinoids as drugs of abuse. Curr Drug Abuse Rev, 2012; 5: 158–68
15. Gunderosn, EW, Haughey HM, Ait-Daoud N, Hart CL: Spice and K2 herbal highs. Am J Addiction, 2012; 21: 320–26
16. Seely KA, Lapoint J, Moran JH, Fattore L: Spice drugs are more than harmless herbal blends: a review of pharmacology and toxicology of synthetic cannabinoids. Prog Neuro-Psychoph, 2012; 39: 234–43
17. Bhatty S, Wu W: Organic and synthetic cannabinoid use in adolescents. Pediatr Ann, 2013; 42: 31–35
18. Psychoyos D, Vinod KY: Marijuana, Spice herbal high and early neural development: implications for rescheduling and legalization. Drug Test Anal, 2013; 5: 27–45
19. Spaderna M, Addy PH, D’Souza DC: Spicing things up: synthetic cannabi-noids. Psychopharmacology, 2013; 228: 525–40
20. Atwood BK, Hufman J, Straiker A, Mackie K: JWH108, a common constituent of Spice herbal blends, is a potent and efcacious cannabinoid CB receptor agonist. Br J Pharmacol, 2010; 160: 585–93
21. Srinivasan PK, Yaqi S, Naqai K et al: Impact of oxygen free radicals in rat partial liver transplantation. J Surg Res, 2014; 14: 441–47
22. Lee WM, Hynan LS, Rossaro L et al: Intravenous N-acetylcysteine improves transplant-free survival in early stage non-acetaminophen acute liver failure. Gastroenterology, 2009; 137: 856–64