Marketization and Democracy in China

Marketization and Democracy in China

Volumn , Issue , 2008, Pages 1-277

  Zhang, Jianjun ^a  

^a Peking University   (China)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84917242578     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9780203931189     Document Type: Book

References (212)

1. Acemoglu, D. and Robinson, J. (1999) “Democratization or repression,” MIT Department of Economics Working Paper No. 99-27.
2. Acemoglu, D. and Robinson, J. (2000) “Why did the West extend the franchise? Democracy, inequality and growth in historical perspective,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 115: 1167-1199.
3. Acemoglu, D. and Robinson, J. (2001) “A theory of political transition,” American Economic Review, 91: 938-963.
4. Almond, G. and Verba, S. (1963) Civil Culture: Political Attitudes and Democracy in Five Nations. Princeton: University of Princeton Press.
5. Baum, R. and Shevchenko, A. (1999) “The ‘state of the state,’” in M. Goldman and R. MacFarquhar (eds) The Paradox of China’s Post-Mao Reforms. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
6. Blecher, M. (1991) “Development state, entrepreneurial state: the political economy of socialist reform in Xinji municipality and Guanghan county,” in G. White (ed.) The Chinese State in the Era of Economic Reform. New York: M.E. Sharpe.
7. Bollen, K. and Jackman, R. (1995) “Income inequality and democratization revisited: Comment on Muller,” American Sociological Review, Vol. 60, No. 6: 983-989.
8. Bueno de Mesquita, B. and Downs, G. (2005) “Development and democracy,” Foreign Affairs, 84 (5): 77-86.
9. Byrd, W. and Gelb, A. (1990) “Why industrialize? The incentives for rural community governments,” in W. Byrd and Q.S. Lin (eds) China’s Rural Industry: Structure, Development and Reform. New York: Oxford University Press.
10. Byrd, W. and Lin, Q.S. (eds) (1990) China’s Rural Industry: Structure, Development and Reform. New York: Oxford University Press.
11. Cai, Y.S. (2002) “Relaxing the constraints from above: Politics of privatizing public enterprises in China,” Asian Journal of Political Science, 10 (2): 94-121.
12. Chen, A. (2002) “Capitalist development, entrepreneurial class, and democratization in China,” Political Science Quarterly, 117 (3): 401-422.
13. Chen, A. (2003) “The new inequality,” Journal of Democracy, 14 (1): 51-59.
14. Chen, D.S. “Gaobie gao guan bu jian guan, Wenzhou xingzheng jiguan shouzhang chuting yingsu” (Ending the phenomenon of suing government without seeing officials-head of Wenzhou government organs must go to court to respond), http://gov.ce.cn/home/ssgc, August 23, 2006.
15. Chen, H.Y. (2000) The Institutional Transition of China’s Township and Village Enterprises. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing Company.
16. Chen, J.F. “Wu Jinglian: waizi jidui minqi bu fuhe WTO jingshen” (Wu Jinglian: letting foreign investment squeeze private economy does not fit the spirit of WTO), Xiaokang. Cited from http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2006-10/10/content_5184665.htm.
17. Chen, S.Y., Wang, J.J., and Ma, B. (2004) Zuzhihua, Zizhu Zhili yu Minzhu (Organizing, Self-govemance and Democracy), Beijing: Chinese Social Science Press.
18. Chen, W.L. “Wenzhou shishui zhengfu gongxindu kaohe, jieguo yu danwei nianzhongjiang guagou” (Wenzhou tries the evaluation of government responsibility by the people, and pegs the evaluation to bonus), available www.sina.com.cn, June 24, 2007.
19. China Statistics Yearbook, many volumes. Beijing: Zhongguo Tongji Chubanshe (China Statistics Press).
20. Chinese Village Economy (1999), edited by the Wuxi and Baoding Research Team in Economic Research Institute, CASS. Beijing: Zhongguo Caijing Chubanshe (China Finance Press).
21. Dahl, R. (1971) Polyarchy: Participation and Opposition. New Haven: Yale University Press.
22. Demsetz, H. (1967) “Toward a theory of property rights,” in id., Ownership, Control, and the Firm: The Organization of Economic Activity. Oxford: Blackwell: 1: 104-116.
23. Diamond, L. (1999) Developing Democracy: Toward Consolidation. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
24. Dickson, B. (2003) Red Capitalists in China: the Party, Private Entrepreneurs, and Prospects for Political Change. Cambridge, U.K.; New York: Cambridge University Press.
25. DiMaggio, P.J. and Powell, W.W. (1983) “The iron cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organization fields,” American Sociological Review, 48: 147-160.
26. Djilas, M. (1957) The New Class. New York: Fredrick A. Praeger.
27. Eckert, C.J. (1993) “The South Korean bourgeoisie: A class in search of hegemony,” in H. Koo (ed.) State and Society in Contemporary Korea, pp. 95-130. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
28. Epstein, A. (1996) “Village elections in China: Experiencing with democracy,” in U.S. Congress, Joint Economic Committee, China’s Economic Future: Challenges to U.S. Policy. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office.
29. Evans, P. (1995) Embedded Autonomy. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
30. Evans, P., Rueschemeyer, D., and Skocpol, T. (eds) (1985) Bringing The State Back In. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
31. Fama, E. and Jensen, M. (1983) “Agency problems and residual claims,” Journal of Law and Economics, 25 (2): 327-349.
32. Fan, G. (2006) “Shouru fenpei zhuangkuang yu shehui gonggong zhengce” (The situation of income distribution and public policy), http://finance.bokee.com/industry/research_ind/86736.shtml.
33. Fei, X.T. (1989) Rural Development in China: Prospect and Retrospect. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
34. Feng, X.Y. (2001) “Shichanghua: difang moshi yanjin zhi lu” (Marketization: the way through which regional patterns evolve), Zhongguo Nongcun Guancha (Chinese Rural Observer), No. 1: 2-11.
35. Fields, G. (1992) “Changing poverty and inequality in Latin America,” Public Finances 47 (supp.): 59-76.
36. Fligstein, N. (1996) “Market as politics,” American Sociological Review, 61 (4): 656-673.
37. Foster, K. (2002). “Embedded within state agencies: Business associations in Yantai,” The China Journal, 47: 41-65.
38. Fung, A. (2003) “Associations and democracy: Between theories, hopes and realities,” Annual Review of Sociology, 29: 515-539.
39. Gilley, B. (2004) China’s Democratic Future: How it will Happen and Where it will Lead. New York: Columbia University Press.
40. Glaeser, E., Scheikman, J., and Shleifer, A. (2002) “The injustice of inequality,” Harvard Institute of Economic Research, Discussion Paper No. 1967.
41. Gold, T. (1990) “The resurgence of civil society in China,” Journal of Democracy, 1 (1): 18-31.
42. Gold, T., Guthrie, D., and Wank, D. (eds) (2002) Social Connections in China: Institutions, Culture, and the Changing Nature of Guanxi. Cambridge, U.K.; New York: University of Cambridge Press.
43. Gong, X.Z. “Liangzhong moshi de jiaoliang” (Competition of the two patterns), available at www.cnki.net, accessed on June 5, 2005.
44. Goodman, D. (1986) Centre and Province in the People’s Republic of China: Sichuan and Guizhou, 1955-1965. Cambridge, U.K.; New York: Cambridge University Press.
45. Goodman, D. (2008) “Why China has no new middle class?” in D. Goodman (ed.) The New Rich in China: Future Rulers, Present Lives. London, New York: Routledge.
46. Goodman, D. and Segal, G. (eds.) (1994) China Deconstructs: Politics, Trade, and Regionalism. London, New York: Routledge.
47. Gu, J.P. (1998) “Sunan moshi de fansi” (Reflection on Sunan pattern), Zhejiang Shehui Kexue (Zhejiang Social Science), No. 6: 29-31.
48. Gu, J.P. (2002) “Ke zhipei shouru, laodongli liudong yu laodongli shichang fenge” (Disposable income, labor migration and fragmentation of labor market), Guanli Shijie (Management World), No. 9: 78-83.
49. Guo, Z.L. and Bernstein, T. (2004) “The impact of elections on the village structure of power: The relations between the village committees and the party branches,” Journal of Contemporary China, 13 (39): 257-275.
50. Han, Y. (2000). Xiangzhen Qiye Jilei Jizhi Yanjiu (A Study on TVE Accumulation Mechanisms). Beijing: Chinese Economic Press.
51. He, B.G. (2002) “Village elections, village power structure, and rural governance in Zhejiang,” The American Asian Review, XX, (3): 55-89.
52. He, B.G. (2003) “Are village elections competitive? The case of Zhejiang,” in J. Cheng (ed.) China’s Challenges in the TwentyHe, B.G. first Century, pp. 71-92. Hong Kong: City University of Hong Kong Press.
53. He, B.G. (2006) “A survey study of voting behavior and political participation in Zhejiang,” Japanese Journal of Political Science, 7 (3): 225-250.
54. He, B.G. (2007) Rural Democracy in China: the Role of Village Elections. New York: Pal-grave Macmillan.
55. He, L. (2006) “Emergence of the Chinese middle class and its implications,” Asian Affairs, an American Review, 33 (2): 67-83.
56. Hellman, J. (1998) “Winners take all: the politics of partial reform in postcommunist transitions,” World Politics, 2: 203-234.
57. Hirschman, A. (1970) Exit, Voice, and Loyalty. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
58. Hirst, P. (1994) Associative Democracy: New Forms of Economic and Social Governance. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press.
59. Horsley, J. (2001). “Village elections: Training ground for democratization,” The China Business Review, 28 (2): 44-52.
60. Hu, H.W. and Wu, X.B. (2002) Wenzhou Xuannian (Wenzhou Puzzle). Zhejiang Renmin Chubanshe (Zhejiang People Press).
61. Hu, S.H. (2000) Explaining Chinese Democratization. Westport: Praeger.
62. Hua, A. (2006) “China will reshape its income distribution system,” Economic Herald (No. 10), July 10, 2006.
63. Huang, P. (1990) The Peasant Family and Rural Development in the Yangzi Delta, 1350-1988. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
64. Huntington, S.P. (1968) Political Order in Changing Societies. New Haven: Yale University Press.
65. Huntington, S.P. (1991) The Third Wave: Democratization in the Late Twentieth Century. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.
66. Inglehart, R. (1997) Modernization and Post-Modernization: Cultural, Economic and Political Change in 43 Societies. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
67. Jefferson, G. and Rawski, T. (1994). “A model of endogenous innovation, competition and property rights reform in Chinese industry,” Working Paper #289, Department of Economics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
68. Jin, H.H. and Qian, Y.Y. (1998) “Public versus private ownership of firms: Evidence from rural China,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 113 (3): 773-808.
69. Kang, X.G. (2002) “Zhongguo: gaige shidai de zhengzhi fazhan yu zhengzhi Wending” (China: Political development and political stability in the reform period), Dangdai Zhongguo Yanjiu (Contemporary China Study), 3: 29-59.
70. Karl, T. (2000) “Economic inequality and democratic instability,” Journal of Democracy, 11: 149-156.
71. Kennedy, J. (2002) “The face of ‘grassroots democracy’ in rural China: Real versus cosmetic elections,” Asian Survey, 42 (3): 456-482.
72. Kennedy, S. (2005) The Business of Lobbying in China. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
73. Kornai, J. (1980) Economics of Shortage. Amsterdam: North-Holland.
74. Kornai, J. (1992) The Socialist System: The Political Economy of Communism. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
75. Kung, J.K.S. (1999) “The evolution of property rights in village enterprises: The case of Wuxi county,” in J. Oi and A. Walder (eds) Property Rights and China’s Economic Reform. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
76. Lawrence, S. (1994) “Village representative assemblies: democracy, Chinese style,” Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs, 32: 61-68.
77. Li, H.B. and Rozelle, S. (2003) “Privatizing rural China: Insider privatization, innovative contracts and the performance of township enterprises,” The China Quarterly, 176: 981-1005.
78. Li, H., Xu, L. C., and Zou, H. (2000) “Corruption, income distribution, and growth,” Economics and Politics, 12: 155-182.
79. Li, J.H., Zhao, L.Y., and Chen, Y. (2004) “Wenzhou minying qiye caifu fenxi” (Analysis about the wealth of Wenzhou private business), Qiao Yuan, 6: 28-29.
80. Li, L.J. (1999) “The two-ballot system in Shanxi province: Subjecting village party secretaries to a popular vote,” The China Journal, 42: 103-118.
81. Li, L.J. and O’Brien, K. (1999) “The struggle over village elections,” in M. Goldman and R. MacFarquhar (eds) The Paradox of China’s Post-Mao Reforms. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
82. Lin, N. and Chen, C.J.J. (1999) “Local elites as officials and owners: Shareholding and property rights in Daqiuzhang,” in J. Oi and A. Walder (eds) Property Rights and China’s Economic Reform. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
83. Lingle, C. (1996) Singapore’s Authoritarian Capitalism: Asian Values, Free Market Inclusions, and Political Dependency. Fairfax: Locke Institute.
84. Lipset, S.M. (1959) “Some social requisites of democracy: economic development and political legitimacy,” American Political Science Review, 53 (1): 69-105.
85. Liu, A. (1992) “The ‘Wenzhou Model’ of development and China’s modernization,” Asian Survey, 32 (8): 696-711.
86. Liu, X.B. (2006) “Reform in China: the role of civil society,” Social Research, 73 (1): 121-138.
87. Liu, Y.L. (1992) “Reform from below: the private economy and local politics in the rural industrialization of Wenzhou,” The China Quarterly, 130: 293-316.
88. Luo, W.D. and Xu, B. (2004) “Difang zhengfu xingwei yu minjian qiye chengzhang” (The behavior of local governments and the growth of private business), Zhejiang Shengwei Dangxiao Xuebao (Journal of Zhejiang Party School), 5: 17-22.
89. Lv, M.H. (2007) “Minying qiye zhengzhu geji dang daibiao” (Private entrepreneurs compete for party delegates of various levels), Nanfang Zhoumo (South Weekend), May 10.
90. Ma, R., Huang, C., Wang, H., and Yang, M. (eds) (1994) Jiushi Niandai Xiangzhen Qive Diaocha (Investigations on China’s TVEs in the 1990s). Hong Kong: Oxford University Press.
91. McMillan, J. and Naughton, B. (1991) “How to reform a planned economy: lessons from China,” Oxford Review of Economics, 8 (1): 130-144.
92. Migdal, J. (1988) Strong Societies and Weak States: State-Society Relations and State Capabilities in the Third World Countries. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
93. Mills, C.W. (1951) White Collar. New York: Oxford University Press.
94. Mills, C.W. (1959) The Sociological Imagination. New York: Oxford University Press.
95. Mo, Y.R. (1987) Jiangsu Xiangzhen Gongye Fazhanshi (The History of Rural Industry in Jiangsu). Nanjing: Nanjing Industrial University Press.
96. Moore, B. (1966) Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy: Lords and Peasants in the Making of the Modern World. Boston: Beacon Press.
97. Moore, B. (1987) Authority and Inequality under Capitalism and Socialism. Oxford: Clarendon.
98. Muller, E. (1995). “Economic determinants of democracy,” American Sociological Review, 60 (6): 966-982.
99. Muller, E. (1997) “Economic determinants of democracy,” in M.I. Midlarsky (ed.) Inequality,Democracy, and Economic Development, pp. 133-155. New York: Cambridge University Press.
100. Nathan, A. (2003) “Authoritarian resilience,” Journal of Democracy, 14 (1): 6-17.
101. Naughton, B. (1994) “Chinese institutional innovation and privatization from below,” American Economic Review, 84 (2): 266-270.
102. Nee, V. (1989) “A theory of market transition: from redistribution to markets in state socialism,” American Sociological Review, 54 (5): 663-681.
103. Nee, V. (1991) “Social inequalities in reforming state socialism: between redistribution and markets in China,” American Sociological Review, 56 (3): 267-282.
104. Nee, V. (1996) “The emergence of a market society,” American Journal of Sociology, 101 (4): 908-949.
105. Nelson, R. and Winter, S. (1982) An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
106. Nevitt, C. (1996) “Private business associations in China: evidence of civil society or local state power?” The China Journal, 36: 25-43.
107. Nolan, P. and Dong, F.R. (eds) (1990) Market Forces in China: Competition and Small Business-the Wenzhou Debate. London: Zed Books.
108. North, D. (1990) Institutions, Institutional Change, and Economic Performance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
109. O’Brien, K. (1994) “Implementing political reform in China’s villages,” Australia Journal of Chinese Affairs, 32: 33-59.
110. O’Brien, K. and Li, L.J. (2000) “Accommodating ‘democracy’ in a one-party state: introduction of village elections in China,” China Quarterly, 162: 465-489.
111. O’Donnell, G. (1979) Modernization and Bureaucratic Authoritarianism: Studies in South American Politics. Berkeley: Institute of International Studies, University of California at Berkeley. First published in 1973.
112. O’Donnell, G. and Schimitter, P. (1986) Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Democracies. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
113. Oi, J. (1992) “Fiscal reform and the economic foundations of local state corporatism in China,” World Politics, 45 (1): 99-126.
114. Oi, J. (1999) Rural China Takes Off: Institutional Foundations and Economic Reform. Berkeley: University of California Press.
115. Oi, J. and Rozelle, S. (2000) “Elections and power: the locus of decision-making in Chinese villages,” The China Quarterly, 162: 513-539.
116. Oi, J. and A. Walder (eds) (1999) Property Rights and Economic Reform in China. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
117. Olsen, M. (1965) The Logic of Collective Action. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
118. Ostergarrd, C. (1989) “Citizens, groups, and a nascent civil society in China: Towards an understanding of the 1989 student demonstrations,” China Information, 4 (2): 28-41.
119. Papanek, G. (1987) “Capitalist development and income distribution,” In P. Berger (ed.) Modern Capitalism. Hamilton Press.
120. Parris, K. (1993) “Local initiative and national reform: the Wenzhou model of development,” The China Quarterly, 134: 242-263.
121. Parris, K. (1999) “The rise of private business interests,” In M. Goldman and R. MacFarquhar (eds) The Paradox of China’s Post-Mao Reform. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
122. Payne, L.A. (1994) Brazilian Industrialists and Democratic Change. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
123. Pearson, M. (1994) “The Janus face of business associations in China: socialist corporatism in foreign enterprises,” Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs, No. 31: 25-46.
124. Pearson, M. (1997) China’s New Business Elites: The Political Consequences of Economic Reform. Berkeley: University of California Press.
125. Pei, M.X. (2006) China’s Trapped Transition: The Limits of Developmental Autocracy. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
126. Peng, X.X. and Liu, K.M. (2006) “Xunzhao Suzhou fumin luxiantu” (Looking for the roadmap for enriching the people in Suzhou), Zhengquan Shibao (Security Times), September 6.
127. Qian, Y.Y. (1996) “Enterprise reform in China: agency problems and political control,” Economics of Transition, 4 (2): 422-447.
128. Qin, H. (1997) “Shizi lukou kan xiangqi-Qinghua Daxue xiangzhen qiye gaizhi wenti diaocha baogao” (TVEs at a crossroad: the report on privatization of TVEs), Gaige (Reform), 6: 105-115.
129. Qin, H. (2005) “Economic transition, social justice, and democracy,” The Chinese Economy, 38 (5): 3-54.
130. Rawski, T. (1995) “Implications of China’s reform experience,” The China Quarterly, 144:1150-1173.
131. Ren, Q. (2005) “Sunan moshi de zhuanxing yu xiangcun xianfu canzheng” (The transition of Sunan pattern and participation in politics of the newly rich), Zhejing Shehui Kexue (Zhejiang Social Sciences), 5: 104-110.
132. Ren, X. (2006) “Zhidu zhuanxing de huhuixing dongli: jingji minyinghua biange zhong de difang zhengfu yizhi” (Mutual incentive for institutional transition: the will of local governments during the process of privatizing economy), Shehui Kexue Yanjiu (Social Science Research), 1: 68-74.
133. Roland, G. (2000) Transition and Economics. Cambridge: MIT Press.
134. Rowen, H. (1996) “The short march: China’s road to democracy,” The National Interest, 45: 61-70.
135. Rueschemeyer, D. (2004) “Addressing inequality,” Journal of Democracy, 14 (4): 76-90.
136. Rueschemeyer, D., Stephens, E.H., and Stephens, J.D. (1992) Capitalist Development and Democracy. Cambridge: Polity Press; Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
137. Ruf, G. (1999) “Collective enterprises and property rights in a Sichuan village: The rise and decline of managerial corporatism,” in J. Oi and A. Walder (eds) Property Rights and China’s Economic Reform. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
138. Schumpeter, J.A. (1947) Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy. 2nd edn. New York: Harper and Row.
139. Sen, A. (1999). Development as Freedom. New York: Anchor Books.
140. Shan, D. (2000) Zhejiang Fei Gong Jingji Nianjian (Zhejiang Non-public Economy Yearbook). Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju.
141. Shao, P.F. (2001) “Xuanju: Nongcun minzhu zhengzhi de guanjian,” (Elections: the key in rural politics) Shehui Zhuyi Yanjiu (Socialism Studies), No. 2.
142. Shi, J.C. and Jin, X.R. (2002) (eds) Zhidu Bianqian Yu Jingji Fazhan: Wenzhou Moshi Yanjiu (Institutional Change and Economic Development: A Study on Wenzhou Model), Zhejiang University Press.
143. Shi, T.J. (1999a) “Economic development and village elections in rural China,” Journal of Contemporary China, 8 (22): 425-442.
144. Shi, T.J. (1999b) “Voting and nonvoting in China: Voting behavior in plebiscitary and limited-choice elections,” Journal of Politics, 61 (4): 1115-1139.
145. Shi, Y. and Zhao, X.J. (2001) “Sunan yuyan,” (Sunan folklore) Caijing (Finance), No. 5: 33-50.
146. Shleifer, A. and Vishny, R.W. (1994) “Politicians and firms,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, 109 (4): 995-1025.
147. Shue, V. (1988) The Reach of the State: Sketches of Chinese Body Politic. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
148. Smith, A. (1776/1993) The Wealth of Nations. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
149. Solinger, D. (1992) “Urban entrepreneurs and the state: The merger of state and society,” in A.L. Rosenbaum (ed.) State and Society in China: The Consequences of Reform. Boulder: Westview Press.
150. Song, J. and Yang, S.H. (2005) “Jingji tizhi gaige yu cunzhuang gonggong quanwei de tuibian,” (Economic transition and the decay of village public authority) Zhongguo Shehui Kexue (Chinese Social Sciences), 6: 129-142.
151. Song, L. and Du, H. (1990) “The role of local government in rural industrialization,” in W. Byrd and Q.S. Lin (eds) China’s Rural Industry: Structure, Development and Reform. New York: Oxford University Press.
152. Stiglitz, J. and Hoff, K. (2002) “After the Big Bang? Obstacles to the emergence of the rule of law in post-communist societies,” NBER Working Papers 9282, National Bureau of Economic Research.
153. Therbom, G. (1977) “The rule of capital and the rise of democracy,” New Left Review, 103: 3-41.
154. Tsai, K. (2002) Back-Alley Banking: Private Entrepreneurs in China. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
155. Tsai, K. (2006) “Capitalists without a class: Political diversity among private entrepreneurs in China,” Comparative Political Studies, 38 (9): 1130-1158.
156. Unger, J. (1996). “Bridges: private business, the Chinese government and the rise of new associations,” The China Quarterly, 147: 795-819.
157. Unger, J. (2006) “China’s conservative middle class,” Far Eastern Economic Review, 169 (3): 27-31.
158. Unger, J. and Chan, A. (1996) “Corporatism in China: A developmental state in an East Asian context,” in B.L. McCormich and J. Unger (eds) China after Socialism: in the Footsteps of Eastern Europe or East Asia. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe.
159. Walder, A. (1986) Communist Neo-Traditionalism: Work and Authority in Chinese Industry. Berkeley: University of California Press.
160. Walder, A. (1995a) “Local government as industrial firm: an organizational analysis of China’s transitional economy,” American Journal of Sociology, 101 (2): 263-301.
161. Walder, A. (1995b) “The quiet revolution from within: economic reform as a source of political decline,” in A. Walder (ed.) The Waning of the Communist State: Economic Origins of Political Decline in China and Hungary. Berkeley: University of California Press.
162. Wang, J. and Chen, S. (2005) “Suzhoushi yu Wenzhoushi butong jingji moshi xia liudong renkou de kongjian tezheng bijiao” (Comparison of migrant population between Suzhou and Wenzhou), Zhongguo Renkou: Ziyuan yu Huanjing (China Population: Resources and Environment), 15 (5): 71-75.
163. Wang, Q.W. and Dong, L.M. (2002) Zhili Fangshi de Biange yu Jiangsu Nongcun Xiandaihua (The Change of Governance and Modernization of Countryside in Jiangsu Province). Beijing: Renmin Daxue Chubanshe.
164. Wang, Y.X. (2003) “Minjian jingji shi ershiyi shiji zhongguo jingji fazhan de zhongyao liliang” (Private economy is the important force for economic development in 21st century in China), Shehui Kexue Zhanxian (Social Science Frontline), 2: 61-63.
165. Wang, Y.J. and Chang, C. (1998) “Economic transition under a semifederalist government: the experience of China,” China Economic Review, 9 (1): 1-23.
166. Wank, D. (1995) “Private business, bureaucracy, and political alliance in a Chinese city,” Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs, 33: 55-71.
167. Wank, D. (1999) Commodifying Communism: Business, Trust, and Politics in a Chinese City. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press.
168. Wank, D. (2002) “Evolving state-business clientelism in China: the institutional organization of a smuggling operation,” paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Boston, Massachusetts, August 28, 2002. Available at www.allacademic.com/meta/p65244_index.html.
169. Wen, T.J. (1998) “Xiangzhen qiye zichan de laiyuan ji qi gaizhi zhong de xiangguan yuanze” (The origin of assets of TVEs and relative principle for privatization), Zhejiang Shehui Kexue (Zhejiang Social Science), 5: 38-41.
170. Wenzhou Gazzetteer (1998). Beijing, Zhonghua Shuju.
171. Wenzhou Statistics Yearbook, many volumes. Beijing: Zhongguo Tongji Chubanshe (China Statistics Press).
172. White, G. (1993) “The prospects for civil society in China: A case study of Xiaoshan city,” Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs, 29: 63-87.
173. White, G., Howell, J. and Shang, X.Y. (1996) In Search of Civil Society: Market Reform and Social Change in Contemporary China. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
174. Whiting, S. (1999) “The regional evolution of ownership forms: Shareholding cooperatives and rural industry in Shanghai and Wenzhou,” in J. Oi and A. Walder (eds) Property Rights and China’s Economic Reform. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
175. Whiting, S. (2001) Power and Wealth in Rural China: the Political Economy of Institutional Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
176. Whyte, M. K. (1992) “Urban China: A civil society in the making?” in A.L. Rosenbaum (ed.) State and Society in China: the Consequences of Reform. Boulder: Westview Press.
177. Wu, X.J. (2001) “Sunan moshi de zhongjie ji qi lishi gongji” (The end of Sunan pattern and its historical contribution), Xiandai Jingji Tantao (Modern Economy Research), 7: 28-30.
178. Wu, Z.Y. and Chen, Y. (2000) “Shiqi wan Wenzhou ke Wuhan jingshang” (170,000 Wenzhou people doing business in Wuhan), http://www.unn.com.cn, accessed on October 17, 2000.
179. Wuxi Statistics Yearbook, many volumes. Beijing: Zhongguo Tongji Chebanshe (China Statistics Press).
180. Wuxi Xianzhi (Wuxi County Gazetteer) (1994). Shanghai: Shanghai Shehui Kexue Chubanshe (Shanghai Social Science Publisher).
181. Xiao, G.Q. (2003) “The rise of the technocrats,” Journal of Democracy, 14 (1): 60-65.
182. Xin, W. (2002a) Qidai yige shenmoyang de xin Sunan (What kind of new Sunan we should expect?), personal website.
183. Xin, W. (2002b). “Yige nan yi yanshuo de xin moshi” (A new pattern that is hard to describe), Nan Feng Chuang (South Wind Window), 6: 31-33.
184. Xin, W. and Lin, J.S. (2001) “Ping Sunan jingji zhi xin liangdian” (On the new development of Sunan), Gaige (Reform), 6: 49-54.
185. Xu, C.G. (1995). A Different Transition Path: Ownership, Performance, and Influence of Chinese Rural Industrial Enterprises. New York: Garland Publishing Inc.
186. Xu, Z.H. and Gou, X.Y. (2005) “Wenzhou shangren weigong shangwubu fu buzhang, jiaoxing zhengfu zhichi minqi” (Wenzhou businessmen challenged the deputy minister of Commerce, calling for government support to private business), Jingji Guancha Bao (Economic Observer), December 18, 2005.
187. Yang, D.L. (1994) “Reform and the restructuring of central-local relations,” in D. Goodman and G. Segal (eds) China Deconstructs. London and New York: Routledge.
188. Yang, D.L. (1997) Beyond Beijing: Liberalization and Regions in China. London, New York: Routledge.
189. Yang, D.L. (2004) Remaking the Chinese Leviathan: Market Transition and the Politics of Governance in China. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
190. Yang, H.P. and Zai, M.L. (2001) “Wenzhou zifei gaige de beixi” (The sadness and happiness of Wenzhou’s self-funded reform), Nanfang Zhoumo (South Weekend), July 19.
191. Yu, D.M. (2007) “Wenzhou yangzhi hu jiu wuran shijian zaici zhuanggao guojia huanbao zongju” (Wenzhou fish farmers sued again the state Environment Protection Bureau on the incidence of pollution), Fazhi Ribao (Legal Daily), June 6.
192. Yu, J.X. and Huang, H.H. (2004) “Minjian shanghui de zizhu zhili jiqi xiandu,” (Business associations’ self-governance and its limits) Zhonggong Zhejiang Shengwei Dan-gxiao Xuebao (Journal of Zhejiang Party School), 5: 5-16.
193. Yuan, E.Z. (ed.) (1987) Wenzhou Moshi Yu Fuyu Zhi Lu (Wenzhou Pattern and the Road to Rich). Shanghai: Shanghai Shehui Kexue Chubanshe (Shanghai Social Science Press).
194. Zak, P. and Feng, Y. (2003) “A dynamic theory of the transition to democracy,” Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 52: 1-25.
195. Zhang, D.D. (2001) “Yifen laizi yinhang de baogao” (A report from bank), Caijing (Finance), 5: 44-45.
196. Zhang, J.J. (2002) “Guojia yu shehui guanxi bianqian de lujing fenxi: ye tan Wenzhou moshi” (An analysis on the path of the change of state-society relations in Wenzhou), Wenzhou Luntan (Wenzhou Forum), 1: 11-15.
197. Zhang, J.J. and Zhang, Z.X. (2005) “Zhongguo minying qiyejia de zhengzhi zhanlue” (Political strategy of private entrepreneurs: Business-government relations in China), Guanli Shijie (Management World), 7: 94-105.
198. Zhang, J.P. (2006) ZhejingFasheng le Shenme (Democracy in Zhejiang). Beijing: Dongfang Publishing Center.
199. Zhang, M. and Wang, G.H. (2004) “Sunan xiangzhen qiye gaizhi hou cunji zhili de bianqian,” (The change of village governance in Sunan after privatization of TVEs) Nanjing Shida Xuebao (Journal of Nanjing Normal University), 6: 28-34.
200. Zhang, R.S and Li, H. (1990) Wenzhou Moshi Yanjiu (A Study of Wenzhou Pattern). Beijing: Chinese Social Science Publishing House.
201. Zhang, W.Y. (1999) Qiye Lilun yu Zhongguo Qiye Gaige (Theory of Enterprise and Chinese Enterprise Reform). Beijing: Peking University Press.
202. Zhang, W.Y. and Li, S.H. (1997) “Regional competition and privatization of Chinese SOE,” in MOST-MOCT: Economic Policy in Transitional Economics.
203. Zhang, Z. (2004) Chuantong yu Xiandaihua de Chensi (Reflection about Tradition and Modernization). Shanghai: Xuelin Publishing House.
204. Zhao, S.P. and Zhu, Z.X. (2000) Chaoqian Yu Liebian (Frontier and Change). Hangzhou: Zhejiang University Press.
205. Zheng, Y.K. (2004). “Changshu shi jiti jingji zuzhi jianshe ji xiangguan wenti bianxi,” (Building village collective economy in Changshu: four cases) Dangdai Zhongguo Yanjiu (Contemporary China Studies), 11 (1): 76-83.
206. Zhong, Y. and Chen, J. (2002) “To vote or not to vote: An analysis of peasants’ participation in Chinese village elections,” Comparative Political Studies, 35 (6): 686-712.
207. Zhou, K.X. (1996) How the Farmers Changed China: Power of the People. Boulder: Westview Press.
208. Zhou, H.L. and Zhou, D.X. (1996). Su Xi Chang Fazhan Moshi Yanjiu (Research on the Developmental Characteristics of Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou Region). Beijing: People’s Daily Press.
209. Zhou, H.L. (ed.) (2001) Sunan Shehui Jiegou Bianhua Yanjiu (Research on the Change of Social Structure in Sunan). Beijing: People’s Press.
210. Zhou, X.H. (2002) “Difang zhengfu de zhineng chuangxin,” (The innovation of the role of local government) in Shi et al. (eds) Zhidu Bianqian yu Jingji Fazhan: Wenzhou Moshi Yanjiu (Institutional Change and Economic Development: Study on Wenzhou Pattern). Hangzhou: Zhejiang University Press.
211. Zhou, X.H., Li, W.L. and Shao, P.F. (2000) Wenzhou Zouchuqu Kuadiqu Touzi Jingying Fazhan Yanjiu (A Research on Wenzhou’s Outward Investment), Research Report.
212. Zhu, K.D. (2003) Laizi Diceng De Biange (Change from the below), Hangzhou: Zhejiang Renmin Chubanshe (Zhejiang People’s Press).