The role of casein in the development of hypercholesterolemia

Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry

Volumn 70, Issue 4, 2014, Pages 1021-1028

  Koury, Olivia Hanna ^a   Scheede Bergdahl, Celena ^b   Bergdahl, Andreas ^a  

^a Gina Cody School of Engineering and Computer Science   (Canada)

^b MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Cardiovascular disease; Casein protein; Hypercholesterolemia; Lipoprotein; Soy protein

Indexed keywords

CASEIN; CHOLESTEROL;

AMINO ACID COMPOSITION; ANIMAL MODEL; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; DIET SUPPLEMENTATION; DISEASE COURSE; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; NONHUMAN; PROTEIN DIET; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); REVIEW; ANIMAL; DIET;

ANIMALS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CASEINS; DIET; HUMANS; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA;

EID: 84911931673     PISSN: 11387548     EISSN: 18778755     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s13105-014-0365-9     Document Type: Review

References (52)

1. Anderson TJ (1999) Assessment and treatment of endothelial dysfunction in coronary artery disease and implications for therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol 34:631–638
2. Anderson JW, Fuller J, Patterson K, Blair R, Tabor A (2006) Soy compared to casein meal replacement shakes with high energy-restricted diets for obese women: randomized controlled trial. Metabolism 56:280–288
3. Anthony MS, Clarkson TB, Bullock BC, Wagner JD (1997) Soy protein versus soy phytoestrogens in the prevention of diet-induced coronary artery atherosclerosis of male cynomolgus monkeys. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 17:2524–2531
4. Antonio J, Incledon T (2001) The anticatabolics. In: Antonio J, Stout J (eds) Sports supplements. Lipincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, pp 111–136
5. Bendtsen LQ, Lorenzen JK, Bendsen NT, Rasmussen C, Astrup A (2013) Effect of dairy proteins on appetite, energy expenditure, body weight, and composition: a review of the evidence from controlled clinical trials. Adv Nutr 4(4):418–438
6. Boirie YM, Dangin P, Gachon P, Vasson MP, Maubois JL, Beaufrere B (1997) Slow and fast dietary proteins differently modulate postprandial protein accretion. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 94(26):14930–14935
7. Bonetti PO, Lerman LO, Lerman A (2003) Endothelial dysfunction—a marker for atherosclerotic risk. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 23:168–175
8. Burges JW, Sinclair PA, Chretien CM, Boucher J, Sparks DL (2006) Reverse cholesterol transport. In: Cheema SK (ed) Biochemistry of atherosclerosis. Springer, New York, pp 3–22
9. Campbell B (2012) Dietary protein efficiency: dietary protein types. In: Lowery LM, Antonio J (eds) Dietary protein and resistance exercise. CRC, Boca Raton, pp 95–114
10. Carroll KK (1991) Review of clinical studies on cholesterol-lowering response to soy protein. J Am Diet Assoc 91(7):820–827
11. Carroll KK, Kurowska EM (1995) Soy consumption and cholesterol reduction: review of animal and human studies. J Nutr 125:594S–597S
12. Chao YS, Yasmin TT, Alberts AW (1982) Effects of cholestyramine on low density lipoprotein binding sites on liver membranes from rabbits with endogenous hypercholesterolemia induced by a wheat starch-casein diet. J Biol Chem 257:3623–3627
13. Claessens M, Van Baak MA, Monsheimer S, Saris WHM (2009) The effect of a low-fat, high-protein or high-carbohydrate ad libitum diet on weight loss maintenance and metabolic risk factors. Int J Obes 33:296–304
14. Crouse JR, Morgan T, Terry JG, Ellis J, Vitolins M, Burke GL (1999) A randomized trial comparing the effect of casein with that of soy protein containing varying amounts of isoflavones on plasma concentrations of lipids and lipoproteins. Arch Intern Med 159:2070–2076
15. Cullen P, Rauterberg J, Lorkowski S (2005) The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In: Von Eckardstein A (ed) Atherosclerosis: diet and drugs. Springer, New York, pp 3–70
16. Dangin M, Guillet C, Garcia-Rodenas C, Gachon P, Bouteloup-Demange C, Reiffers-Magnani K, Fauquant J, Ballevre O (2003) The rate of protein digestion affects protein gain differently during aging in humans. J Physiol 549(2):635–644
17. Davies MJ (1997) The composition of coronary-artery plaques. N Engl J Med 336(18):1312–1314
18. Demling RH, DeSanti L (2000) Effects of a hypocaloric diet, increased protein intake and resistance training on lean mass gains and fat mass loss in overweight police officers. Ann Nutr Metab 44(1):21–29
19. Filios LC, Naito C, Andrus SB, Portman OW, Martin RS (1958) Variations in cardiovascular sudanophilia with changes in the dietary level of protein. Am J Physiol 194:275–279
20. Forrester JS (2008) The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and plaque instability. In: Holtzman JL (ed) Atherosclerosis and oxidant stress. Springer, New York, pp 1–10
21. Gross MD (2008) Lipids, oxidation, and cardiovascular disease. In: Holtzman JL (ed) Atherosclerosis and oxidant stress. Springer, New York, pp 79–96
22. Hansson GK (2005) Inflammation, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 352(16):1685–1695
23. Hermus RJJ, West CJ, Van Weerden EJ (1983) Failure of dietary-casein-induced acidosis to explain the hypercholesterolaemia of casein-fed rabbits. J Nutr 113(3):618–629
24. Hu FB, Stampfer MJ, Manson JE et al (1999) Dietary protein and risk of ischemic heart disease in women. Am J Clin Nutr 70:221–227
25. Huff MW, Hamilton RMG, Carroll KK (1977) Plasma cholesterol levels in rabbits fed low fat, cholesterol-free, semipurified diets: effects of dietary proteins, protein hydrolysates and amino acid mixtures. Atherosclerosis 28(2):187–195
26. Huff MW, Roberts DCK, Carroll KK (1982) Long-term effects of semipurified diets containing casein or soy protein isolate on atherosclerosis and plasma lipoproteins in rabbits. Atherosclerosis 41:327–336
27. Jones RJ, Huffman S (1956) Chronic effect of dietary protein on hypercholesterolaemia in the rat. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 93:519–522
28. Katan MJ, Louis HM, Vroomen LH, Hermus RJJ (1982) Reduction of casein-induced hypercholesterolaemia and atherosclerosis in rabbits and rats by dietary glycine, arginine and alanine. Atherosclerosis 43:381–391
29. Key TJ, Fraser GE, Thorogood M et al (1999) Mortality in vegetarians and nonvegetarians: detailed findings from a collaborative analysis of 5 prospective studies. Am J Clin Nutr 70:516S–524S
30. Kurowska EM, Carroll KK (1992) Effect of high levels of selected dietary essential amino acids on hypercholesterolaemia and down-regulation of hepatic LDL receptors in rabbits. Biochim Biophys Acta 1126(2):185–191
31. Kurowska EM, Carroll KK (1994) Hypercholesterolemic responses in rabbits to selected groups of dietary essential amino acids. J Nutr 124:364–370
32. Libby P (2002) Inflammation in atherosclerosis. Nature 420:868–874
33. Libby P, Ridker PM, Maseri A (2002) Inflammation and atherosclerosis. Circulation 105:1135–1143
34. Little JM, Angell EA (1977) Dietary protein level and experimental aortic atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 26(2):173–179
35. Lofland HB, Clarkson TB, Goodman HO (1961) Interactions among dietary fat, protein, and cholesterol in atherosclerosis-susceptible pigeons: effect on serum cholesterol and aortic atherosclerosis. Circ Res 9:919–924
36. Lorient D, Linden G (1976) Dephosphorylation of bovine casein by milk alkaline phosphatase. J Dairy Res 43:19–26
37. Mahley RW, Holcombe KS (1977) Alterations of the plasma lipoproteins and apoproteins following cholesterol feeding in the rat. J Lipid Res 18:314–324
38. Meinhertz H, Nilausen K, Faergemen O (1990) Effects of dietary proteins on plasma lipoprotein levels in normal subjects: interaction with dietary cholesterol. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol 36(2):S157–S164
39. Moreno JJ, Mitjavila MT (2003) The degree of unsaturation of dietary fatty acids and the development of atherosclerosis. J Nutr Biochem 14(4):182–195
40. Nath N, Harper AE, Elvehjem CA (1959) Diet and cholesteremia: part 3 effect of dietary proteins with particular reference to the lipids in wheat gluten. Can J Biochem Physiol 37:1375–1384
41. Oakenfull DG, Fenwick DE, Hood RL (1979) Effects of saponins on bile acids and plasma lipids in the rat. Br J Nutr 42:209–216
42. Oakenfull DG, Sidhu GS (1990) Could saponins be a useful treatment for hypercholesterolemia? Eur J Clin Nutr 44:79–88
43. Sacks FM, Breslow JL, Wood PG, Kass EH (1983) Lack of an effect of dairy protein (casein) and soy protein on plasma cholesterol of strict vegetarians. An experiment and a critical review. J Lipid Res 24:1012–1020
44. Samman S, Khosla KK, Carroll KK (1990) Intermediate density lipoprotein-apolipoprotein B turnover in rabbits fed semipurified diets containing casein or soy protein. Ann Nutr Metab 34(2):98–103
45. Sindayikengera S, Xia W (2006) Nutritional evaluation of caseins and whey proteins and their hydrolysates from Protamex. J Zhejiang Univ (Sci) 7(2):90–98
46. Terpstra AHM, Harkes L, Van der Veen FH (1981) The effect of different proportions of casein in semipurified diets on the concentration of serum cholesterol and the lipoprotein composition in rabbits. Lipids 16:114–119
47. Terpstra AHM, Van Tintelin G, West CE (1981) The effect of semipurified diets containing different proportions of either casein or soybean protein on the concentrations of cholesterol in whole serum, serum lipoproteins and liver in male and female rats. Atherosclerosis 42:85–95
48. Van Der Meer R, De Vries H, Van Tintelen G (1988) The phosphorylation state of casein and the species-dependency of its hypercholesterolaemic effect. Br J Nutr 59:467–473
49. Van Raaij JMA, Katan MB, Hautvast JGAJ, Hermus RJJ (1981) Effects of casein versus soy protein diets on serum cholesterol and lipoproteins in young healthy volunteers. Am J Clin Nutr 34:1261–1271
50. Vega-Lopez S, Lichtenstein AH (2005) Dietary protein type and cardiovascular disease risk factors. Prev Cardiol 8(1):31–40
51. Xian CJ, Shoubridge CA, Read LC (1995) Degradation of IGF-1 in the adult rat gastrointestinal tract is limited by a specific antiserum or the dietary protein casein. J Endocrinol 146:215–225
52. Zhang X, Shu XO, Fao Y-T et al (2003) Soy food consumption is associated with lower risk of coronary heart disease in Chinese women. J Nutr 133:2874–2878