Skin regeneration: The complexities of translation into clinical practise

International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology

Volumn 56, Issue , 2014, Pages 133-140

  Wood, Fiona M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA   (Australia)

Author keywords

Burn wound; Skin; Tissue engineering; Tissue regeneration

Indexed keywords

CELL THERAPY; CLINICAL EDUCATION; CLINICAL PATHWAY; CLINICAL PRACTICE; CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); DERMIS; EPIDERMIS; EPIDERMIS CELL; EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX; HEALTH CARE DELIVERY; HEALTH CARE SYSTEM; HUMAN; NONHUMAN; PATIENT SAFETY; REVIEW; SKIN; SKIN REGENERATION; SKIN SCAR; SKIN TRANSPLANTATION; TISSUE ENGINEERING; TISSUE REGENERATION; TISSUE SCAFFOLD; CICATRIX; FUNCTIONS OF THE SKIN AND ITS APPENDAGES; INJURIES; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; PROCEDURES; REGENERATION; REGENERATIVE MEDICINE; TRENDS; WOUND HEALING;

CICATRIX; HUMANS; REGENERATION; REGENERATIVE MEDICINE; SKIN; SKIN PHYSIOLOGICAL PHENOMENA; SKIN TRANSPLANTATION; TISSUE ENGINEERING; WOUND HEALING;

EID: 84911492655     PISSN: 13572725     EISSN: 18785875     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2014.10.025     Document Type: Review

References (137)

1. J.C. Adams, and F.M. Watt Regulation of development and differentiation by the extracellular matrix Development 117 1993 1183 1198
2. L. Ahrund-Richter, M. De Luca, and D.R. Marshak Isolation and production of cells suitable for human therapy: challenges ahead Cell Stem Cell 4 2009 20 26
3. B.S. Atiyeh, and M. Costagliola Cultured epithelial autograft (CEA) in burn treatment: three decades later Burns 33 4 2007 405 413
4. M. Babu, and A. Wells Dermal-epidermal communication in wound healing Wounds 13 5 2001 183 189
5. H. Bannasch, M. Fohn, T. Unterberg, A.D. Bach, B. Weyand, and G.B. Stark Skin tissue engineering Clin Plast Surg 30 4 2003 573 579
6. H. Bannasch, T. Unterberg, M. Fohn, B. Weyand, R.E. Horch, and G.B. Stark Cultured keratinocytes in fibrin with decellularised dermis close porcine full-thickness wounds in a single step Burns 34 7 2008 1015 1020
7. A. Bayat, D.A. McGrouther, and M.W. Ferguson Skin scarring Br Med J 326 2003 88 92
8. Y. Bello, A.F. Falabella, and W.H. Eaglstein Tissue-engineered skin: current status in wound healing Am J Clin Dermatol 2 2001 305 313
9. J.E. Bennett, and S.R. Miller Evolution of the electro-dermatome Plast Reconstr Surg 45 1970 131 134
10. A.F. Black, C. Bouez, E. Perrier, K. Schlotmann, F. Chapuis, and O. Damour Optimization and characterization of an engineered human skin equivalent Tissue Eng 11 5-6 2005 723 733
11. J. Bolivar-Flores, E. Poumain, M. Marsch-Moreno, G. Montes de Oca, and W. Kuri-Harcuch Use of human epidermal keratinocytes for allografting burns and conditions for temporary banking of cultured allografts Burns 16 1990 3 8
12. S.T. Boyce Regulatory issues and standardisation A. Atala, R. Lenzo, Methods of tissue engineering 2001 Academic Press San Diego 3 17
13. S.T. Boyce, R.J. Kagan, K.P. Yakuboff, N.A. Meyer, M.T. Rieman, and D.G. Greenhalgh Cultured skin substitutes reduce donor skin harvesting for closure of excised, full-thickness burns Ann Surg 235 2 2002 269 279
14. S.T. Boyce, R.J. Kagan, D.G. Greenhalgh, P. Warner, K.P. Yakuboff, and T. Palmieri Cultured skin substitutes reduce requirements for harvesting of skin autograft for closure of excised, full-thickness burns J Trauma 60 4 2006 821 829
15. L.K. Branski, D.N. Herndon, C. Pereira, R.P. Mlcak, M.M. Celis, and J.O. Lee Longitudinal assessment of Integra in primary burn management: a randomized pediatric clinical trial Crit Care Med 35 2007 2615 2623
16. A. Burd, K. Ahmed, S. Lam, T. Ayyappan, and L. Huang Stem cell strategies in burns care Burns 33 2007 282 291
17. J.F. Burke, I.V. Yannas, W.C. Quinby Jr.; C.C. Bondoc, and W.K. Jung Successful use of a physiologically acceptable artificial skin in the treatment of extensive burn injury Ann Surg 194 4 1981 413 428
18. A.L. Caplan Tissue engineering for the future: new logistics, old molecules J Tissue Eng 6 2000 1 8
19. H. Carsin, P. Ainaud, H. Le Bever, J. Rives, A. Lakhel, and J. Stephanazzi Cultured epithelial autografts in extensive burn coverage of severely traumatized patients: a five year single-center experience with 30 patients Burns 26 4 2000 379 387
20. A. Chandra, and J.S. Skinner Technology growth and expenditure growth in health care NBER working paper No 16953 2001, April
21. R.N. Chen, H.O. Ho, Y.T. Tsai, and M.T. Sheu Process development of an acellular dermal matrix (ADM) for biomedical applications Biomaterials 25 2004 2679 2686
22. D.L. Chester, D.S. Balderson, and R.P. Papini A review of keratinocyte delivery to the wound bed J Burn Care Rehabil 25 3 2004 266 275
23. L.R. Chick A brief history and biology of skin grafting Ann Plast Surg 21 4 1988 358 365
24. C. Conrad, and R. Huss Adult stem cell lines in regenerative medicine and reconstructive surgery J Surg Res 124 2005 201 208
25. E. Cosh, A. Girling, R. Lilford, H. McAteer, and T. Young Investing in new medical technologies: a decision framework J Commer Biotechnol 13 2007 263 271
26. L.J. Currie, R. Martin, J.R. Sharpe, and S.E. James A comparison of keratinocyte cell sprays with and without fibrin glue Burns 29 7 2003 677 685 15-19
27. E.A. Deitch, T.M. Wheelahan, M. Paige Rose, J. Clothier, and J. Cotter Hypertrophic burn scars: analysis of variables J Trauma 23 10 1983 895 898
28. A.B. Dietz, D.J. Padley, and D.A. Gastineau Infrastructure development for human cell therapy translation Clin Pharmacol Ther 82 2007 320 324
29. D. Druecke, E.N. Lamme, S. Hermann, J. Pieper, P.S. May, and H.U. Steinau Modulation of scar tissue formation using different dermal regeneration templates in the treatment of experimental full-thickness wounds Wound Repair Regen 12 5 2004 518 527
30. C.S. Dunkin, J.M. Pleat, P.H. Gillespie, M.P. Tyler, A.H. Roberts, and D.A. McGrouther Scarring occurs at a critical depth of skin injury: precise measurement in a graduated dermal scratch in human volunteers Plast Reconstr Surg 119 May (6) 2007 1722 1732 discussion 1733-4
31. W.H. Eaglstein, and V. Falanga Tissue engineering and the development of Apligraf, a human skin equivalent Cutis 62 1998 1 8
32. L.H. Engrav, D.M. Heimbach, J.L. Reus, T.J. Harnar, and J.A. Marvin Early excision and grafting vs. nonoperative treatment of burns of indeterminate depth: a randomized prospective study J Trauma 23 1983 1004 1014
33. A.P. Feinberg Phenotypic plasticity and the epigenetics of human disease Nature 447 143 2007 433 440
34. D.W. Fink FDA regulation of stem-cell-based products Science 324 2009 1662 1663
35. R.G. Fleming, C.J. Murphy, G.A. Abrams, S.L. Goodman, and P.F. Nealey Effects of synthetic micro- and nano-structured surfaces on cell behaviour Biomaterials 20 1999 573 588
36. C. Fredriksson, G. Kratz, and F. Huss Transplantation of cultured human keratinocytes in single cell suspension: a comparative in vitro study of different application techniques Burns 34 2 2008 212 219
37. D.O. Freytes, L.Q. Wan, and G. Vunjak-Novakovic Geometry and force control of cell function J Cell Biochem 108 December (5) 2009 1047 1058
38. E. Fuchs Scratching the surface of skin development Nature 445 7130 2007 834 842
39. P.M. Galletti, K.B. Hellman, and R.M. Nerem Tissue engineering from basic science to products Tissue Eng 1 2 1995 147 149
40. ® Burns 2014 10.1016/j.burns.2014.01.025
41. N.S. Gibran, S. Boyce, and D.G. Greenhalgh Cutaneous wound healing J Burn Care Res 28 July-August (4) 2007 577 579
42. T. Gibson Early free grafting Br J Plast Surg 18 1965 1 11
43. G. Gravante, M.C. Di Fede, A. Araco, M. Grimaldi, B. De Angelis, and A. Arpino A randomized trial comparing ReCell system of epidermal cells delivery versus classic skin grafts for the treatment of deep partial thickness burns Burns 33 December (8) 2007 966 972
44. L.G. Griffin, and G. Naughton Tissue engineering - current challenges and expanding opportunities Science 295 5557 2002 1009 1014
45. F. Grinnell Fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, and wound contraction J Cell Biol 124 1994 401 404
46. J. Hafner, A. Kuhne, and R.M. Trueb Successful grafting with EpiDex in pyoderma gangrenosum Dermatology 212 2006 258 259
47. M.A. Hamburg, and F.S. Collins The path to personalized medicine N Engl J Med 363 2010 301 304
48. B. Haynes Barriers and bridges to evidence based clinical practice Br Med J 317 7153 1998 2730276
49. K.B. Hellman, R.R. Solomon, C. Gaffey, C.N. Dufor, and J.G. Bishop Principles of tissue engineering Tissue engineering: regulatory considerations 2nd ed. 2000 Academic Press San Diego, CA 915 928
50. C.A. Hernon, R.A. Dawson, E. Freedlander, R. Short, D.B. Haddow, and M. Brotherston Clinical experience using cultured epithelial autografts leads to an alternative methodology for transferring skin cells from the laboratory to the patient Regen Med 1 6 2006 809 821
51. S.B. Hoath, and H.I. Maibach Neonatal skin: structure and function 2003 Marcel Dekker New York
52. R.E. Horch Future perspectives in tissue engineering: 'Tissue Engineering' review series J Cell Mol Med 10 1 2006 4 6
53. R.E. Horch, J. Kopp, U. Kneser, J. Beier, and A.D. Bach Tissue engineering of cultured skin substitutes J Cell Mol Med 9 3 2005 592 608
54. C. Johnen, I. Steffen, D. Beichelt, K. Brautigam, T. Witascheck, and N. Toman Culture of subconfluent human fibroblasts and keratinocytes using biodegradable transfer membranes Burns 34 5 2008 655 663
55. P.C. Johnson, C.G. Mikos, J.P. Fisher, and J.A. Jansen Strategic directions in tissue engineering Tissue Eng 13 12 2007 2827 2837
56. B. Kalyanaraman, and S. Boyce Assessment of an automated bioreactor to propagate and harvest keratinocytes for fabrication of engineered skin substitutes Tissue Eng 13 5 2007 983 993
57. C.W. Kischer, J. Pindur, M.R. Shetlar, and C.L. Shetlar Implants of hypertrophic scars and keloids into the nude (athymic) mouse: viability and morphology J Trauma 29 May (5) 1989 672 677
58. A. Klama-Baryła, J. Glik, M. Kawecki, M. Nowak, and A.L. Sieroń Skin substitutes - the application of tissue engineering in burn treatment Part 1 J Orthop Trauma Surg Relat Res 3 11 2008 96 103
59. L. Koch, A. Deiwick, S. Schlie, S. Michael, M. Gruene, and V. Coger Skin tissue generation by laser cell printing Biotechnol Bioeng 109 2012 1855 1863
60. E.N. Lamme, R.T. Van Leeuwen, K. Brandsma, J. Van Marle, and E. Middelkoop Higher numbers of autologous fibroblasts in an artificial dermal substitute improve tissue regeneration and modulate scar tissue formation J Pathol 190 5 2000 595 603
61. M.A. Landolt, S. Grubenmann, and M. Meuli Family impact greatest: predictors of quality of life and psychological adjustment in pediatric burn survivors J Trauma 53 6 2000 1146 2115
62. M.W. Laschke, Y. Harder, M. Amon, I. Martin, and J. Farhadi Angiogenesis in tissue engineering: breathing life into constructed tissue substitutes Tissue Eng 12 2006 2093 2104
63. P. Lenas, M. Moos, and F.P. Luyten Developmental engineering: a new paradigm for the design and manufacturing of cell-based products. Part II: From genes to networks: tissue engineering from the viewpoint of systems biology and network science Tissue Eng B: Rev 15 4 2009 395 442
64. P. Lenas, M. Moos, and F.P. Luyten Developmental engineering: a new paradigm for the design and manufacturing of cell-based products. Part I: From three-dimensional cell growth to biomimetics of in vivo development Tissue Eng B: Rev 15 2009 381 394
65. W.J. Lindblad Considerations for selecting the correct animal model for dermal wound-healing studies J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 19 8 2008 1087 1096
66. S.G. Llames, M. Del Rio, F. Larcher, E. Garcia, M. Garcia, and M.J. Escamez Human plasma as a dermal scaffold for the generation of a completely autologous bioengineered skin Transplantation 77 3 2004 350 355
67. M.J. Lysaght, and A.L. Hazlehurst Tissue engineering: the end of the beginning Tissue Eng 10 January (1-2) 2004 309 320
68. M.J. Lysaght, A. Jaklenec, and E. Deweerd Great expectations: private sector activity in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and stem cell therapeutics Tissue Eng A 14 2 2008 305 315
69. S. MacNeil Progress and opportunities for tissue-engineered skin Nature 445 7130 2007 874 880
70. G. Madlambayan, and I. Rogers Umbilical cord-derived stem cells for tissue therapy: current and future uses Regen Med 1 2006 777 778
71. P. Martin Wound healing - aiming for perfect skin regeneration Science 276 5309 1997 75 81
72. A. Martinez-Hernandez Repair, regeneration, and fibrosis E. Rubin, J.L. Farber, Pathology 1988 JB Lippincott Philadelphia 66 95
73. E. Matouskova, S. Bucek, D. Vogtova, P. Vesely, A. Chaloupkova, and L. Broz Treatment of burns and donor sites with human allogeneic keratinocytes grown on acellular pig dermis Br J Dermatol 136 1997 901 907
74. J.A. McGrath, O.M. Schofield, A. Ishida-Yamamoto, A. O'Grady, B.J. Mayou, and H. Navsaria Cultured keratinocyte allografts and wound healing in severe recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa Am Acad Dermatol 29 3 1993 407 419
75. A.D. Metcalfe, and M.W. Ferguson Tissue engineering of replacement skin: the crossroads of biomaterials, wound healing, embryonic development, stem cells and regeneration J R Soc Interface 4 14 2007 413 437
76. M. Mizoguchi, Y. Suga, B. Sanmano, S. Ikeda, and H. Ogawa Organotypic culture and surface plantation using umbilical cord epithelial cells: morphogenesis and expression of differentiation markers mimicking cutaneous epidermis J Dermatol Sci 35 2004 199 220
77. S. Monstrey, H. Beele, M. Kettler, K. Van Landuyt, P. Blondeel, and G. Mayyon Allogeneic cultured keratinocytes vs. cadaveric skin to cover wide-mesh autogenous split-thickness skin grafts Ann Plast Surg 43 1999 268 272
78. S. Monstrey, H. Hoeksema, J. Verbelen, A. Pirayesh, and P. Blondeel Assessment of burn depth and burn wound healing potential Burns 34 2008 761 769
79. N. Morimoto, S. Takemoto, T. Kawazoe, S. Suzuki, K. Tomihata, and T. Taira In vivo culturing of a bilayered substitute with adipo-stromal cells J Surg Res 146 2008 246 253
80. M.J. Mosier, and N.S. Gibran Surgical excision of the burn wound Clin Plast Surg 36 2009 617 625
81. A.M. Munster, and M. Smith-Meek The effect of early surgical intervention on mortality and cost effectiveness in burn care 1978-1991 Burns 20 1994 61 64
82. T.A. Mustoe, R.D. Cooter, M.H. Gold, F.D. Hobbs, A.A. Ramelet, and P.G. Shakespeare International clinical recommendations on scar management Plast Reconstr Surg 110 2 2002 560 571
83. J. Nanchahal, and C.M. Ward New grafts for old? A review of alternatives to autologous skin Br J Plast Surg 45 1992 354 363
84. N. Nath, and J. Hyun Surface engineering strategies for control of protein and cell interactions Surf Sci 570 1-2 2004 98 110
85. F.A. Navarro, M.L. Stoner, C.S. Parks, J.C. Huertas, H.B. Lee, and F.M. Wood Sprayed keratinocyte suspensions accelerate epidernal coverage in porcine microwound model J Burn Care Rehabil 21 6 2000 513 518
86. F.A. Navarro, M.L. Stoner, H.B. Lee, C.S. Park, F.M. Wood, and D.P. Orgill Melanocyte repopulation in full-thickness wounds using a cell spray apparatus J Burn Care Rehabil 22 1 2001 41 46
87. M. Nave Wound bed preparation: approaches to replacement of dermis J Burn Care Rehabil 13 1992 147 153
88. R.M. Nerem Tissue engineering: the hope, the hype, and the future Tissue Eng 12 May (5) 2006 1143 1150
89. J. Noordenbos, C. Dore, and J.F. Hansbrough Safety and efficacy of transcyte for the management of burn wounds J Burn Care Rehabil 20 1990 3435 3481
90. N.E. O'Connor, J.B. Mulliker, S. Banks-Schlegai, O. Kehinde, and H. Green Grafting burns with cultured epithelium prepared from epidermal cells Lancet 1 8211 1981 75 78
91. D.P. Orgill, F.H. Straus II, and R.C. Lee The use of collagen-GAG membranes in reconstructive surgery 888 1999 Ann N Y Acad Sci 233 248
92. L.G. Parkinson, N.L. Giles, K.F. Adcroft, M.W. Fear, F.M. Wood, and G.E. Poinern The potential of nanoporous anodic aluminium oxide membranes to influence skin wound repair Tissue Eng A 15 12 2009 3753 3756
93. C. Pham, J. Greenwood, H. Cleland, P. Woodruff, and G. Maddern Bioengineered skin substitutes for the management of burns: a systematic review Burns 33 December (8) 2007 946 957
94. T.J. Phillips Cultured skin grafts past, present, future Arch Dermatol 124 7 1988 1035 1038
95. V. Picanço-Castro, L.F. Moreira, S. Kashima, and D.T. Covas Can pluripotent stem cells be used in cell-based therapy? Cell Reprogram 16 2 2014 98 107
96. G.D. Pollock Cases of skin grafting and skin transplantation Trans Clin Soc Lond 4 1871 37
97. R.D. Price, M.G. Berry, and H.A. Navsaria Hyaluronic acid: the scientific and clinical evidence J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 60 2007 1110 1119
98. B.R. Reed, and R.A. Clark Cutaneous tissue repair: practical implications of current knowledge. II J Am Acad Dermatol 13 6 1985 919 941
99. J.G. Rheinwald, and H. Green Serial cultivation of strains of human epidermal keratinocytes: the formation of keratinizing colonies from single cells Cell 6 1975 331 343
100. J. Rnjak, S.G. Wise, S.M. Mithieux, and A.S. Weiss Severe burn injuries and the role of elastin in the design of dermal substitutes Tissue Eng B: Rev 17 2011 81 91
101. V.B.H. Ronford, V. Mitchell, J.P. Galizia, D. Hochart, E. Chambon, and P. Pellerin Use of human keratinocytes cultured on fibrin glue in the treatment of burn wounds Burns 17 1991 181 184
102. B. Rosenblatt Meeting regulatory challenges for cell based therapies Bioprocess Int 10 2012 5 8
103. M. Rouabhia, L. Germain, J. Bergeron, and F.A. Auger Allogeneic-syngeneic cultured epithelia. A successful therapeutic option for skin regeneration Transplantation 59 1995 1229 1235
104. N. Rumsey, A. Clarke, and P. White Exploring the psychosocial concerns of outpatients with disfiguring conditions J Wound Care 12 7 2003 247 252
105. ® in early excision and simultaneous autologous skin grafting in burns - a pilot study Burns 34 1 2008 93 97
106. J.T. Schulz III, R.G. Tompkins, and J.F. Burke Artificial skin Annu Rev Med 51 2000 231 244
107. H. Schwarze, M. Küntscher, C. Uhlig, H. Hierlemann, L. Prantl, and C. Ottomann Suprathel, a new skin substitute, in the management of partial-thickness burn wounds: results of a clinical study Ann Plast Surg 60 2 2008 181 185
108. c. Scott A decade of processing Bioprocess Int 10 2012 24
109. R.L. Sheridan, J.R. Morgan, J.L. Cusick, L.M. Petras, M.M. Lydon, and R.G. Tompkins Initial experience with a composite autologous skin substitute Burns 27 5 2001 421 424
110. A.J. Singer, and R.A. Clark Cutaneous wound healing N Engl J Med 341 10 1999 738 746
111. J.A. Spector, and P.M. Glat Hair-bearing scalp reconstruction using a dermal regeneration template and micrograft hair transplantation Ann Plast Surg 59 July (1) 2007 63 66
112. R.J. Spence, and L. Wong The management of wound healing with human skin allograft Wound Heal 77 1997 731 745
113. C.J. Stewart, R. Frank, K.R. Forrester, J. Tulip, R. Lindsey, and R.C. Bray A comparison of two laser-based methods for determination of burn scar perfusion: laser Doppler versus laser speckle imaging Burns 31 6 2003 744 752
114. T. Sugihara, T. Ohura, K. Homma, and H.H. Igawa The extensibility in human skin: variation according to age and site Br J Plast Surg 44 1991 418 422
115. J.C. Tanner, J. Vandeput, and J.F. Olley The mesh skin autograft Plast Reconstr Surg 34 1964 287 292
116. J.P. Trinkaus Cells into organs: the forces that shape the embryo 2nd ed. 1984 Prentice Hall Englewood Cliffs, NJ
117. N.J. Turner, M.A. Pezzone, B.N. Brown, and S.F. Badylak Quantitative multispectral imaging of Herovici's polychrome for the assessment of collagen content and tissue remodelling J Tissue Eng Regen Med 7 2013 139 148
118. M.M. Ulrich, M. Verkerk, L. Reijnen, M. Vlig, A.J. van den Bogaerdt, and E. Middelkoop Expression profile of proteins involved in scar formation in the healing process of full-thickness excisional wounds in the porcine model Wound Repair Regen 15 2007 482 490
119. A.J. van den Bogaerdt, P.P. van Zuijlen, M. van Galen, E.N. Lamme, and E. Middelkoop The suitability of cells from different tissues for use in tissue-engineered skin substitutes Arch Dermatol Res 294 2002 135 142
120. J. Welzel, E. Lankenau, R. Birngruber, and R. Engelhardt Optical coherence tomography of the human skin J Am Acad Dermatol 37 6 1997 958 963
121. F.M. Wood Tissue engineering of skin Clin Plast surg 39 1 2012 21 32
122. F.M. Wood Tissue engineering of skin Clin Plast Surg 39 2012 21 32
123. F.M. Wood, and M.L. Stoner Implication of basement membrane development on the underlying scar in partial thickness burn injury Burns 22 6 1996 459 462
124. F.M. Wood, M.L. Kolybaba, and P. Allen The use of cultured epithelial autograft in the treatment of major burn wounds: eleven years of clinical experience Burns 32 5 2006 538 544
125. F.M. Wood, M.L. Kolybaba, and P. Allen The use of cultured epithelial autograft in the treatment of major burn injuries: a critical review of the literature Burns 32 2006 395 401
126. F.M. Wood, M.L. Stoner, B.V. Fowler, and M.W. Fear The use of a non-cultured autologous cell suspension and Integra dermal regeneration template to repair full-thickness skin wounds in a porcine model: a one-step process Burns 33 September (6) 2007 693 700
127. ® synthetic wound dressing, with or without autologous cell suspension, to the local standard treatment regimen in paediatric scald injuries Burns 38 6 2012 830 839
128. Y. Wu, J. Wang, P.G. Scott, and E.E. Tredget Bone marrow-derived stem cells in wound healing: a review Wound Repair Regen 15 Suppl. 1 2007 S18 S26
129. I.V. Yannas Studies on the biological activity of the dermal regeneration template Wound Repair Regen 6 November-December (6) 1998 518 523
130. I.V. Yannas, and J.F. Burke Design of an artificial skin. I. Basic design principles J Biomed Mater Res 14 January (1) 1980 65 81
131. I.V. Yannas, and M. Spector Matrix collagen type and pore size influence behaviour of seeded canine chondrocytes Biomaterials 18 June (11) 1997 769 776
132. I.V. Yannas, J.F. Burke, C. Huang, and P.L. Gordon Correlation of in vivo collagen degradation rate with in vitro measurements J Biomed Mater Res 9 November (6) 1975 623 628
133. Z. Ya-Xian, T. Suetake, and H. Tagami Number of cell layers of the stratum corneum in normal skin - relationship to the anatomical location on the body, age, sex and physical parameters Arch Dermatol Res 291 1999 555 559
134. L. Zaulyanov, and R.S.A. Kirsner review of a bi-layered living cell treatment (Apligraf) in the treatment of venous leg ulcers and diabetic foot ulcers Clin Interv Aging 2 1 2007 93 98 Review
135. B.E. Zawacki, and M. Asch A technique for autografting very large burns from very limited donor sites J Surg 74 1973 774 777
136. M.L. Zhang, Z.D. Chang, X. Han, and M. Zhu Microskin grafting: clinical report J Burns 12 1986 544 548
137. K.Q. Zhu, G.J. Carrougher, N.S. Gibran, F. Isik, and L.H. Engrav Review of the female Duroc/Yorkshire pig model of human fibroproliferative scarring Wound Repair Regen 15 September-October (Suppl. 1) 2007 S32 S39