메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 64, Issue 6, 2014, Pages 848-859

GFR Decline as an Alternative End Point to Kidney Failure in Clinical Trials: A Meta-analysis of Treatment Effects from 37 Randomized Trials

Author keywords

chronic kidney disease (CKD); eGFR trajectory; end stage renal disease (ESRD); estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline; kidney disease outcome; kidney disease progression; Kidney end point; renal end point; renal function; surrogate end point; treatment effect

Indexed keywords

CREATININE; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT;

EID: 84911421306     PISSN: 02726386     EISSN: 15236838     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2014.08.017     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (119)

References (62)
  • 1
    • 84902826499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate and subsequent risk of end-stage renal disease and mortality
    • J. Coresh, T.C. Turin, and K. Matsushita Decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate and subsequent risk of end-stage renal disease and mortality JAMA 311 24 2014 2518 2531
    • (2014) JAMA , vol.311 , Issue.24 , pp. 2518-2531
    • Coresh, J.1    Turin, T.C.2    Matsushita, K.3
  • 2
    • 84911459484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GFR Decline as an end point for clinical trials in CKD: A scientific workshop sponsored by the National Kidney Foundation and the US Food and Drug Administration
    • A.S. Levey, L.A. Inker, and K. Matsushita GFR Decline as an end point for clinical trials in CKD: a scientific workshop sponsored by the National Kidney Foundation and the US Food and Drug Administration Am J Kidney Dis 64 6 2014 821 835
    • (2014) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.64 , Issue.6 , pp. 821-835
    • Levey, A.S.1    Inker, L.A.2    Matsushita, K.3
  • 3
    • 84911421938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GFR decline and subsequent risk of established kidney outcomes: A meta-analysis of 37 randomized controlled trials
    • H.J. Lambers Heerspink, H. Tighiouart, and Y. Sang GFR decline and subsequent risk of established kidney outcomes: a meta-analysis of 37 randomized controlled trials Am J Kidney Dis 64 6 2014 860 866
    • (2014) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.64 , Issue.6 , pp. 860-866
    • Lambers Heerspink, H.J.1    Tighiouart, H.2    Sang, Y.3
  • 4
    • 84910645074 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Utility and validity of estimated GFR-based surrogate time-to-eventend points in CKD: A simulation study
    • T. Greene, C.-C. Teng, and L.A. Inker Utility and validity of estimated GFR-based surrogate time-to-eventend points in CKD: a simulation study Am J Kidney Dis 64 6 2014 867 879
    • (2014) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.64 , Issue.6 , pp. 867-879
    • Greene, T.1    Teng, C.-C.2    Inker, L.A.3
  • 5
    • 79952128105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early change in proteinuria as a surrogate outcome in kidney disease progression: A systematic review of previous analyses and creation of a patient-level pooled dataset
    • N. Stoycheff, K. Pandya, and A. Okparavero Early change in proteinuria as a surrogate outcome in kidney disease progression: a systematic review of previous analyses and creation of a patient-level pooled dataset Nephrol Dial Transplant 26 3 2011 848 857
    • (2011) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.26 , Issue.3 , pp. 848-857
    • Stoycheff, N.1    Pandya, K.2    Okparavero, A.3
  • 6
    • 84903276794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early change in proteinuria as a surrogate end point for kidney disease progression: An individual patient meta-analysis
    • L.A. Inker, A.S. Levey, K. Pandya, N. Stoycheff, A. Okparavero, and T. Greene Early change in proteinuria as a surrogate end point for kidney disease progression: an individual patient meta-analysis Am J Kidney Dis 64 1 2014 74 85
    • (2014) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.64 , Issue.1 , pp. 74-85
    • Inker, L.A.1    Levey, A.S.2    Pandya, K.3    Stoycheff, N.4    Okparavero, A.5    Greene, T.6
  • 7
    • 0026623273 scopus 로고
    • Effect of enalapril on the progression of chronic renal failure. A randomized controlled trial
    • A.L. Kamper, S. Strandgaard, and P.P. Leyssac Effect of enalapril on the progression of chronic renal failure. A randomized controlled trial Am J Hypertens 5 7 1992 423 430
    • (1992) Am J Hypertens , vol.5 , Issue.7 , pp. 423-430
    • Kamper, A.L.1    Strandgaard, S.2    Leyssac, P.P.3
  • 8
    • 0029980377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in nondiabetic progressive renal insufficiency: A controlled double-blind trial
    • B.U. Ihle, J.A. Whitworth, S. Shahinfar, A. Cnaan, P.S. Kincaid-Smith, and G.J. Becker Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in nondiabetic progressive renal insufficiency: a controlled double-blind trial Am J Kidney Dis 27 4 1996 489 495
    • (1996) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.27 , Issue.4 , pp. 489-495
    • Ihle, B.U.1    Whitworth, J.A.2    Shahinfar, S.3    Cnaan, A.4    Kincaid-Smith, P.S.5    Becker, G.J.6
  • 9
    • 30444452987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of benazepril for advanced chronic renal insufficiency
    • F.F. Hou, X. Zhang, and G.H. Zhang Efficacy and safety of benazepril for advanced chronic renal insufficiency N Engl J Med 354 2 2006 131 140
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.354 , Issue.2 , pp. 131-140
    • Hou, F.F.1    Zhang, X.2    Zhang, G.H.3
  • 10
    • 0028068991 scopus 로고
    • Randomised controlled trial of enalapril and beta blockers in non-diabetic chronic renal failure
    • T. Hannedouche, P. Landais, and B. Goldfarb Randomised controlled trial of enalapril and beta blockers in non-diabetic chronic renal failure BMJ 309 6958 1994 833 837
    • (1994) BMJ , vol.309 , Issue.6958 , pp. 833-837
    • Hannedouche, T.1    Landais, P.2    Goldfarb, B.3
  • 11
    • 0141789624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progression of chronic kidney disease: The role of blood pressure control, proteinuria, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition: A patient-level meta-analysis
    • T.H. Jafar, P.C. Stark, and C.H. Schmid Progression of chronic kidney disease: the role of blood pressure control, proteinuria, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition: a patient-level meta-analysis Ann Intern Med 139 4 2003 244 252
    • (2003) Ann Intern Med , vol.139 , Issue.4 , pp. 244-252
    • Jafar, T.H.1    Stark, P.C.2    Schmid, C.H.3
  • 12
    • 15844368318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor benazepril on the progression of chronic renal insufficiency. The Angiotensin-Converting-Enzyme Inhibition in Progressive Renal Insufficiency Study Group
    • G. Maschio, D. Alberti, and G. Janin Effect of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor benazepril on the progression of chronic renal insufficiency. The Angiotensin-Converting-Enzyme Inhibition in Progressive Renal Insufficiency Study Group N Engl J Med 334 15 1996 939 945
    • (1996) N Engl J Med , vol.334 , Issue.15 , pp. 939-945
    • Maschio, G.1    Alberti, D.2    Janin, G.3
  • 13
    • 0035922441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of losartan on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy
    • B.M. Brenner, M.E. Cooper, and D. de Zeeuw Effects of losartan on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy N Engl J Med 345 12 2001 861 869
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.345 , Issue.12 , pp. 861-869
    • Brenner, B.M.1    Cooper, M.E.2    De Zeeuw, D.3
  • 14
    • 0033620788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renoprotective properties of ACE-inhibition in non-diabetic nephropathies with non-nephrotic proteinuria
    • P. Ruggenenti, A. Perna, and G. Gherardi Renoprotective properties of ACE-inhibition in non-diabetic nephropathies with non-nephrotic proteinuria Lancet 354 9176 1999 359 364
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.354 , Issue.9176 , pp. 359-364
    • Ruggenenti, P.1    Perna, A.2    Gherardi, G.3
  • 15
    • 0031297769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors superior to beta blockers in retarding progressive renal function decline?
    • G.G. van Essen, A.J. Apperloo, and P.L. Rensma Are angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors superior to beta blockers in retarding progressive renal function decline? Kidney Int Suppl 63 1997 S58 S62
    • (1997) Kidney Int Suppl , vol.63 , pp. 58-S62
    • Van Essen, G.G.1    Apperloo, A.J.2    Rensma, P.L.3
  • 16
    • 0037145856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of blood pressure lowering and antihypertensive drug class on progression of hypertensive kidney disease: Results from the AASK trial
    • J.T. Wright Jr., G. Bakris, and T. Greene Effect of blood pressure lowering and antihypertensive drug class on progression of hypertensive kidney disease: results from the AASK trial JAMA 288 19 2002 2421 2431
    • (2002) JAMA , vol.288 , Issue.19 , pp. 2421-2431
    • Wright, J.T.1    Bakris, G.2    Greene, T.3
  • 17
    • 0035922447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renoprotective effect of the angiotensin-receptor antagonist irbesartan in patients with nephropathy due to type 2 diabetes
    • E.J. Lewis, L.G. Hunsicker, and W.R. Clarke Renoprotective effect of the angiotensin-receptor antagonist irbesartan in patients with nephropathy due to type 2 diabetes N Engl J Med 345 12 2001 851 860
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.345 , Issue.12 , pp. 851-860
    • Lewis, E.J.1    Hunsicker, L.G.2    Clarke, W.R.3
  • 18
    • 0027517659 scopus 로고
    • The effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition on diabetic nephropathy. The Collaborative Study Group
    • E.J. Lewis, L.G. Hunsicker, R.P. Bain, and R.D. Rohde The effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition on diabetic nephropathy. The Collaborative Study Group N Engl J Med 329 20 1993 1456 1462
    • (1993) N Engl J Med , vol.329 , Issue.20 , pp. 1456-1462
    • Lewis, E.J.1    Hunsicker, L.G.2    Bain, R.P.3    Rohde, R.D.4
  • 19
    • 33646483060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hong Kong Study Using Valsartan in IgA Nephropathy (HKVIN): A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study
    • P.K. Li, C.B. Leung, and K.M. Chow Hong Kong Study Using Valsartan in IgA Nephropathy (HKVIN): a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study Am J Kidney Dis 47 5 2006 751 760
    • (2006) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.47 , Issue.5 , pp. 751-760
    • Li, P.K.1    Leung, C.B.2    Chow, K.M.3
  • 20
    • 0038512403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of IgA nephropathy with ACE inhibitors: A randomized and controlled trial
    • M. Praga, E. Gutierrez, E. Gonzalez, E. Morales, and E. Hernandez Treatment of IgA nephropathy with ACE inhibitors: a randomized and controlled trial J Am Soc Nephrol 14 6 2003 1578 1583
    • (2003) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.14 , Issue.6 , pp. 1578-1583
    • Praga, M.1    Gutierrez, E.2    Gonzalez, E.3    Morales, E.4    Hernandez, E.5
  • 21
    • 0026649651 scopus 로고
    • Long-term comparison between captopril and nifedipine in the progression of renal insufficiency
    • P. Zucchelli, A. Zuccala, and M. Borghi Long-term comparison between captopril and nifedipine in the progression of renal insufficiency Kidney Int 42 2 1992 452 458
    • (1992) Kidney Int , vol.42 , Issue.2 , pp. 452-458
    • Zucchelli, P.1    Zuccala, A.2    Borghi, M.3
  • 22
    • 0034074955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of blood pressure control on diabetic microvascular complications in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes
    • R.O. Estacio, B.W. Jeffers, N. Gifford, and R.W. Schrier Effect of blood pressure control on diabetic microvascular complications in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes Diabetes Care 23 suppl 2 2000 B54 B64
    • (2000) Diabetes Care , vol.23 , pp. 54-B64
    • Estacio, R.O.1    Jeffers, B.W.2    Gifford, N.3    Schrier, R.W.4
  • 23
    • 0028215329 scopus 로고
    • The effects of dietary protein restriction and blood-pressure control on the progression of chronic renal disease. Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group
    • S. Klahr, A.S. Levey, and G.J. Beck The effects of dietary protein restriction and blood-pressure control on the progression of chronic renal disease. Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group N Engl J Med 330 13 1994 877 884
    • (1994) N Engl J Med , vol.330 , Issue.13 , pp. 877-884
    • Klahr, S.1    Levey, A.S.2    Beck, G.J.3
  • 24
    • 15844414184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood-pressure control for renoprotection in patients with non-diabetic chronic renal disease (REIN-2): Multicentre, randomised controlled trial
    • P. Ruggenenti, A. Perna, and G. Loriga Blood-pressure control for renoprotection in patients with non-diabetic chronic renal disease (REIN-2): multicentre, randomised controlled trial Lancet 365 9463 2005 939 946
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.365 , Issue.9463 , pp. 939-946
    • Ruggenenti, P.1    Perna, A.2    Loriga, G.3
  • 25
    • 0035082655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of high-dose compared with low-dose omega-3 fatty acids in severe IgA nephropathy
    • J.V. Donadio Jr., T.S. Larson, E.J. Bergstralh, and J.P. Grande A randomized trial of high-dose compared with low-dose omega-3 fatty acids in severe IgA nephropathy J Am Soc Nephrol 12 4 2001 791 799
    • (2001) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. 791-799
    • Donadio, J.V.1    Larson, T.S.2    Bergstralh, E.J.3    Grande, J.P.4
  • 26
    • 27144475414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) vs placebo in patients with moderately advanced IgA nephropathy: A double-blind randomized controlled trial
    • G. Frisch, J. Lin, and J. Rosenstock Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) vs placebo in patients with moderately advanced IgA nephropathy: a double-blind randomized controlled trial Nephrol Dial Transplant 20 10 2005 2139 2145
    • (2005) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.20 , Issue.10 , pp. 2139-2145
    • Frisch, G.1    Lin, J.2    Rosenstock, J.3
  • 27
    • 0026509147 scopus 로고
    • A controlled trial of plasmapheresis therapy in severe lupus nephritis. The Lupus Nephritis Collaborative Study Group
    • E.J. Lewis, L.G. Hunsicker, S.P. Lan, R.D. Rohde, and J.M. Lachin A controlled trial of plasmapheresis therapy in severe lupus nephritis. The Lupus Nephritis Collaborative Study Group N Engl J Med 326 21 1992 1373 1379
    • (1992) N Engl J Med , vol.326 , Issue.21 , pp. 1373-1379
    • Lewis, E.J.1    Hunsicker, L.G.2    Lan, S.P.3    Rohde, R.D.4    Lachin, J.M.5
  • 28
    • 2342576237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mycophenolate mofetil in IgA nephropathy: Results of a 3-year prospective placebo-controlled randomized study
    • B.D. Maes, R. Oyen, and K. Claes Mycophenolate mofetil in IgA nephropathy: results of a 3-year prospective placebo-controlled randomized study Kidney Int 65 5 2004 1842 1849
    • (2004) Kidney Int , vol.65 , Issue.5 , pp. 1842-1849
    • Maes, B.D.1    Oyen, R.2    Claes, K.3
  • 29
    • 0032842108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The long-term outcome of patients with IgA nephropathy treated with fish oil in a controlled trial. Mayo Nephrology Collaborative Group
    • J.V. Donadio Jr., J.P. Grande, E.J. Bergstralh, R.A. Dart, T.S. Larson, and D.C. Spencer The long-term outcome of patients with IgA nephropathy treated with fish oil in a controlled trial. Mayo Nephrology Collaborative Group J Am Soc Nephrol 10 8 1999 1772 1777
    • (1999) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.10 , Issue.8 , pp. 1772-1777
    • Donadio, J.V.1    Grande, J.P.2    Bergstralh, E.J.3    Dart, R.A.4    Larson, T.S.5    Spencer, D.C.6
  • 30
    • 20444466207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term study of mycophenolate mofetil as continuous induction and maintenance treatment for diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis
    • T.M. Chan, K.C. Tse, C.S. Tang, M.Y. Mok, and F.K. Li Long-term study of mycophenolate mofetil as continuous induction and maintenance treatment for diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis J Am Soc Nephrol 16 4 2005 1076 1084
    • (2005) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.16 , Issue.4 , pp. 1076-1084
    • Chan, T.M.1    Tse, K.C.2    Tang, C.S.3    Mok, M.Y.4    Li, F.K.5
  • 31
    • 0036673864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunosuppressive therapy in lupus nephritis: The Euro-Lupus Nephritis Trial, a randomized trial of low-dose versus high-dose intravenous cyclophosphamide
    • F.A. Houssiau, C. Vasconcelos, and D. D'Cruz Immunosuppressive therapy in lupus nephritis: the Euro-Lupus Nephritis Trial, a randomized trial of low-dose versus high-dose intravenous cyclophosphamide Arthritis Rheum 46 8 2002 2121 2131
    • (2002) Arthritis Rheum , vol.46 , Issue.8 , pp. 2121-2131
    • Houssiau, F.A.1    Vasconcelos, C.2    D'Cruz, D.3
  • 32
    • 0031890912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized study comparing methylprednisolone plus chlorambucil versus methylprednisolone plus cyclophosphamide in idiopathic membranous nephropathy
    • C. Ponticelli, P. Altieri, and F. Scolari A randomized study comparing methylprednisolone plus chlorambucil versus methylprednisolone plus cyclophosphamide in idiopathic membranous nephropathy J Am Soc Nephrol 9 3 1998 444 450
    • (1998) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp. 444-450
    • Ponticelli, C.1    Altieri, P.2    Scolari, F.3
  • 33
    • 0024538205 scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of methylprednisolone and chlorambucil in idiopathic membranous nephropathy
    • C. Ponticelli, P. Zucchelli, and P. Passerini A randomized trial of methylprednisolone and chlorambucil in idiopathic membranous nephropathy N Engl J Med 320 1 1989 8 13
    • (1989) N Engl J Med , vol.320 , Issue.1 , pp. 8-13
    • Ponticelli, C.1    Zucchelli, P.2    Passerini, P.3
  • 34
    • 0026687712 scopus 로고
    • Methylprednisolone plus chlorambucil as compared with methylprednisolone alone for the treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy. The Italian Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy Treatment Study Group
    • C. Ponticelli, P. Zucchelli, P. Passerini, and B. Cesana Methylprednisolone plus chlorambucil as compared with methylprednisolone alone for the treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy. The Italian Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy Treatment Study Group N Engl J Med 327 9 1992 599 603
    • (1992) N Engl J Med , vol.327 , Issue.9 , pp. 599-603
    • Ponticelli, C.1    Zucchelli, P.2    Passerini, P.3    Cesana, B.4
  • 35
    • 34247517386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tacrolimus monotherapy in membranous nephropathy: A randomized controlled trial
    • M. Praga, V. Barrio, G.F. Juarez, and J. Luno Tacrolimus monotherapy in membranous nephropathy: a randomized controlled trial Kidney Int 71 9 2007 924 930
    • (2007) Kidney Int , vol.71 , Issue.9 , pp. 924-930
    • Praga, M.1    Barrio, V.2    Juarez, G.F.3    Luno, J.4
  • 36
    • 31044441980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized pilot trial comparing methylprednisolone plus a cytotoxic agent versus synthetic adrenocorticotropic hormone in idiopathic membranous nephropathy
    • C. Ponticelli, P. Passerini, and M. Salvadori A randomized pilot trial comparing methylprednisolone plus a cytotoxic agent versus synthetic adrenocorticotropic hormone in idiopathic membranous nephropathy Am J Kidney Dis 47 2 2006 233 240
    • (2006) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.47 , Issue.2 , pp. 233-240
    • Ponticelli, C.1    Passerini, P.2    Salvadori, M.3
  • 37
    • 71049125647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized controlled clinical trial of corticosteroids plus ACE-inhibitors with long-term follow-up in proteinuric IgA nephropathy
    • C. Manno, D.D. Torres, M. Rossini, F. Pesce, and F.P. Schena Randomized controlled clinical trial of corticosteroids plus ACE-inhibitors with long-term follow-up in proteinuric IgA nephropathy Nephrol Dial Transplant 24 12 2009 3694 3701
    • (2009) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.24 , Issue.12 , pp. 3694-3701
    • Manno, C.1    Torres, D.D.2    Rossini, M.3    Pesce, F.4    Schena, F.P.5
  • 38
    • 0346734162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corticosteroid effectiveness in IgA nephropathy: Long-term results of a randomized, controlled trial
    • C. Pozzi, S. Andrulli, and L. Del Vecchio Corticosteroid effectiveness in IgA nephropathy: long-term results of a randomized, controlled trial J Am Soc Nephrol 15 1 2004 157 163
    • (2004) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.15 , Issue.1 , pp. 157-163
    • Pozzi, C.1    Andrulli, S.2    Del Vecchio, L.3
  • 39
    • 0038079335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Controlled, prospective trial of steroid treatment in IgA nephropathy: A limitation of low-dose prednisolone therapy
    • R. Katafuchi, K. Ikeda, and T. Mizumasa Controlled, prospective trial of steroid treatment in IgA nephropathy: a limitation of low-dose prednisolone therapy Am J Kidney Dis 41 5 2003 972 983
    • (2003) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.41 , Issue.5 , pp. 972-983
    • Katafuchi, R.1    Ikeda, K.2    Mizumasa, T.3
  • 40
    • 84877093059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IgA nephropathy with severe chronic renal failure: A randomized controlled trial of corticosteroids and azathioprine
    • C. Pozzi, S. Andrulli, and A. Pani IgA nephropathy with severe chronic renal failure: a randomized controlled trial of corticosteroids and azathioprine J Nephrol 26 1 2013 86 93
    • (2013) J Nephrol , vol.26 , Issue.1 , pp. 86-93
    • Pozzi, C.1    Andrulli, S.2    Pani, A.3
  • 41
    • 77957860383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Addition of azathioprine to corticosteroids does not benefit patients with IgA nephropathy
    • C. Pozzi, S. Andrulli, and A. Pani Addition of azathioprine to corticosteroids does not benefit patients with IgA nephropathy J Am Soc Nephrol 21 10 2010 1783 1790
    • (2010) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.21 , Issue.10 , pp. 1783-1790
    • Pozzi, C.1    Andrulli, S.2    Pani, A.3
  • 42
    • 65649142017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate
    • A.S. Levey, L.A. Stevens, and C.H. Schmid A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate Ann Intern Med 150 9 2009 604 612
    • (2009) Ann Intern Med , vol.150 , Issue.9 , pp. 604-612
    • Levey, A.S.1    Stevens, L.A.2    Schmid, C.H.3
  • 43
    • 80052297728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic assessment of estimated glomerular filtration rate by the new Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation in comparison with the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study equation
    • H. Skali, H. Uno, A.S. Levey, L.A. Inker, M.A. Pfeffer, and S.D. Solomon Prognostic assessment of estimated glomerular filtration rate by the new Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation in comparison with the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study equation Am Heart J 162 3 2011 548 554
    • (2011) Am Heart J , vol.162 , Issue.3 , pp. 548-554
    • Skali, H.1    Uno, H.2    Levey, A.S.3    Inker, L.A.4    Pfeffer, M.A.5    Solomon, S.D.6
  • 44
    • 77958110812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conducting meta-analyses in R with the metafor package
    • W. Viechtbauer Conducting meta-analyses in R with the metafor package J Stat Softw 36 3 2010 1 48
    • (2010) J Stat Softw , vol.36 , Issue.3 , pp. 1-48
    • Viechtbauer, W.1
  • 46
    • 37149021788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bayesian variance estimation for meta-analysis: Quantifying our uncertainty
    • P.D.G. Steel, and J. Kammeyer-Mueller Bayesian variance estimation for meta-analysis: quantifying our uncertainty Organizational Res Methods 11 2008 54 78
    • (2008) Organizational Res Methods , vol.11 , pp. 54-78
    • Steel, P.D.G.1    Kammeyer-Mueller, J.2
  • 47
    • 0031708453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Criteria for the validation of surrogate endpoints in randomized experiments
    • M. Buyse, and G. Molenberghs Criteria for the validation of surrogate endpoints in randomized experiments Biometrics 54 1998 1014 1029
    • (1998) Biometrics , vol.54 , pp. 1014-1029
    • Buyse, M.1    Molenberghs, G.2
  • 49
    • 0026011647 scopus 로고
    • Mortality and morbidity in patient receiving encainide, flecainide, or placebo. The Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial
    • D. Echt, R. Liebson, and N. Mitchell Mortality and morbidity in patient receiving encainide, flecainide, or placebo. The Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial N Engl J Med 324 1991 781 788
    • (1991) N Engl J Med , vol.324 , pp. 781-788
    • Echt, D.1    Liebson, R.2    Mitchell, N.3
  • 50
    • 0030268577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surrogate end points in clinical trials: Are we being misled?
    • T.R. Fleming, and D.L. DeMets Surrogate end points in clinical trials: are we being misled? Ann Intern Med 125 7 1996 605 613
    • (1996) Ann Intern Med , vol.125 , Issue.7 , pp. 605-613
    • Fleming, T.R.1    Demets, D.L.2
  • 51
    • 2942720882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A perfect correlate does not a surrogate make
    • S.G. Baker, and B.S. Kramer A perfect correlate does not a surrogate make BMC Med Res Methodol 3 2003 16
    • (2003) BMC Med Res Methodol , vol.3 , pp. 16
    • Baker, S.G.1    Kramer, B.S.2
  • 52
    • 23244451582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomarkers and surrogate markers: An FDA perspective
    • R. Katz Biomarkers and surrogate markers: an FDA perspective NeuroRx 1 2 2004 189 195
    • (2004) NeuroRx , vol.1 , Issue.2 , pp. 189-195
    • Katz, R.1
  • 53
    • 0037994715 scopus 로고
    • Short-term antiproteinuric response to antihypertensive treatment predicts long-term GFR decline in patients with non-diabetic renal disease
    • A.J. Apperloo, D. de Zeeuw, and P.E. de Jong Short-term antiproteinuric response to antihypertensive treatment predicts long-term GFR decline in patients with non-diabetic renal disease Kidney Int Suppl 45 1994 S174 S178
    • (1994) Kidney Int Suppl , vol.45 , pp. 174-S178
    • Apperloo, A.J.1    De Zeeuw, D.2    De Jong, P.E.3
  • 54
    • 79960407033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An acute fall in estimated glomerular filtration rate during treatment with losartan predicts a slower decrease in long-term renal function
    • F.A. Holtkamp, D. de Zeeuw, and M.C. Thomas An acute fall in estimated glomerular filtration rate during treatment with losartan predicts a slower decrease in long-term renal function Kidney Int 80 3 2011 282 287
    • (2011) Kidney Int , vol.80 , Issue.3 , pp. 282-287
    • Holtkamp, F.A.1    De Zeeuw, D.2    Thomas, M.C.3
  • 55
    • 34548575455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Limitations of applying summary results of clinical trials to individual patients: The need for risk stratification
    • D.M. Kent, and R.A. Hayward Limitations of applying summary results of clinical trials to individual patients: the need for risk stratification JAMA 298 10 2007 1209 1212
    • (2007) JAMA , vol.298 , Issue.10 , pp. 1209-1212
    • Kent, D.M.1    Hayward, R.A.2
  • 56
    • 0031693994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An empirical study of the effect of the control rate as a predictor of treatment efficacy in meta-analysis of clinical trials
    • C.H. Schmid, J. Lau, M.W. McIntosh, and J.C. Cappelleri An empirical study of the effect of the control rate as a predictor of treatment efficacy in meta-analysis of clinical trials Stat Med 17 17 1998 1923 1942
    • (1998) Stat Med , vol.17 , Issue.17 , pp. 1923-1942
    • Schmid, C.H.1    Lau, J.2    McIntosh, M.W.3    Cappelleri, J.C.4
  • 57
    • 0030122573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of diet and antihypertensive therapy on creatinine clearance and serum creatinine concentration in the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study
    • Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group
    • Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group; Levey AS, Bosch JP, Coggins CH, et al. Effects of diet and antihypertensive therapy on creatinine clearance and serum creatinine concentration in the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1996;7:556-565.
    • (1996) J Am Soc Nephrol. , vol.7 , pp. 556-565
    • Levey, A.S.1    Bosch, J.P.2    Ch, C.3
  • 58
    • 33744958852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing kidney function - Measured and estimated glomerular filtration rate
    • L.A. Stevens, J. Coresh, T. Greene, and A.S. Levey Assessing kidney function - measured and estimated glomerular filtration rate N Engl J Med 354 23 2006 2473 2483
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.354 , Issue.23 , pp. 2473-2483
    • Stevens, L.A.1    Coresh, J.2    Greene, T.3    Levey, A.S.4
  • 59
    • 84892925764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimated GFR decline as a surrogate end point for kidney failure: A post hoc analysis from the Reduction of End Points in Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes with the Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan (RENAAL) study and Irbesartan Diabetic Nephropathy Trial (IDNT)
    • H.J. Lambers Heerspink, M. Weldegiorgis, and L.A. Inker Estimated GFR decline as a surrogate end point for kidney failure: a post hoc analysis from the Reduction of End Points in Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes With the Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan (RENAAL) study and Irbesartan Diabetic Nephropathy Trial (IDNT) Am J Kidney Dis 63 2 2014 244 250
    • (2014) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.63 , Issue.2 , pp. 244-250
    • Lambers Heerspink, H.J.1    Weldegiorgis, M.2    Inker, L.A.3
  • 60
    • 78650841539 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of blood pressure reduction and of different blood pressure-lowering regimens on major cardiovascular events according to baseline blood pressure: Meta-analysis of randomized trials
    • S. Czernichow, A. Zanchetti, and F. Turnbull The effects of blood pressure reduction and of different blood pressure-lowering regimens on major cardiovascular events according to baseline blood pressure: meta-analysis of randomized trials J Hypertens 29 1 2011 4 16
    • (2011) J Hypertens , vol.29 , Issue.1 , pp. 4-16
    • Czernichow, S.1    Zanchetti, A.2    Turnbull, F.3
  • 61
    • 34147116836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood pressure-dependent and independent effects of agents that inhibit the renin-angiotensin system
    • F. Turnbull, B. Neal, and M. Pfeffer Blood pressure-dependent and independent effects of agents that inhibit the renin-angiotensin system J Hypertens 25 5 2007 951 958
    • (2007) J Hypertens , vol.25 , Issue.5 , pp. 951-958
    • Turnbull, F.1    Neal, B.2    Pfeffer, M.3
  • 62
    • 26244432388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: Prospective meta-analysis of data from 90,056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statins
    • C. Baigent, A. Keech, and P.M. Kearney Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: prospective meta-analysis of data from 90,056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statins Lancet 366 9493 2005 1267 1278
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.366 , Issue.9493 , pp. 1267-1278
    • Baigent, C.1    Keech, A.2    Kearney, P.M.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.