Chinese nationalism in the global era

Chinese Nationalism in the Global Era

Volumn , Issue , 2006, Pages 1-145

  Hughes, Christopher R ^a  

^a LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84909418754     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9780203482001     Document Type: Book

References (243)

1. Alden, C. (2005) 'China in Africa', Survival (47:3):147-63.
2. Anon. (ed.) (1988) Fang Lizhi Liu Bingyan Wang Ruowang yanlun gaobian [Scripts of Speeches and Texts by Fang Lizhi, Liu Binyan, Wang Ruowang'], Hong Kong: Shuguang tushu.
3. Anon. (1995) 'Yingxiang wo guo guojia anquan de ruogan yinsu', [Various Factors Influencing the Country's National Security] (aka The Ten Thousand Word Letter) reprinted in Shi (1997):25-48.
4. Anon. (1996) 'Weilai yi, ershi nian woguo guojia anquan de nei wai xingshi zhuyao weixie de chubu tantao', [Preliminary Investigations into the Internal and External Situation and Main Threats Affecting Our Country's Security over the Next 10-20 Years], reprinted in Shi (1997):133-45.
5. ASEAN (2003) 'Joint Declaration of the Heads of State/Government of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and the People's Republic of China', 8 October, Bali, online, available: (accessed 30 June 2004).
6. ASEAN (2004) ASEAN China Foreign Ministers' Informal Meeting Joint Press Release, 21 June, Qingdao, China, online, available: (accessed 30 June 2004).
7. Barme, J. (1999) In the Red: On Contemporary Chinese Culture, New York: Columbia University Press.
8. Breslin, S. (2000) 'The Virtual Market', China Review, Autumn/Winter: 22-4.
9. Chu Kemin, Zhang Tao, Zhang Ximing and Weng Jieming (eds) (1996) Yu zongshuji tan xin [Heart to Heart Talks with the General Secretary], Hong Kong: Mingbao chubanshe.
10. Chu Shulong and Wang Zaibang (1999) 'Guanyu guoji xingshi he wo dui wai zhanlue ruogan da wenti si kao', [Thoughts on Some Big Problems in the International Situation and Our Country's Foreign Strategy], Xiandai guoji guanxi (8):2-6.
11. Clark, I. (2001) 'Globalization and the Post-Cold War Order', in John Baylis and Steve Smith (ed.), The Globalization of World Politics (second edition), Oxford: Oxford University Press: 634-47.
12. Clinton, Bill (1998) 'Why I'm Going to Beijing', Newsweek, 29 June: 16B.
13. Coalition of Students (1989) '"Let Our Cries Awaken Our Young Republic!", Proclamation of the Coalition of Students' Self-Governing Councils of Beijing Higher Educational Institutes', translated in Chinese Sociology aAnthropology, (Vol. 23, No. 1, 1990): 16 (translator not named).
14. Cui, X. (1996) 'Lingtu zhengduan de zhanlue sixiang yu shijian', [Thought and Practice on Territorial Disputes], in Gong Li (ed.) Deng Xiaoping de waijiao sixiang yu shijian, [Deng Xiaoping's Foreign Policy Thinking and Practice], Heilongjiang jiaoyu chubanshe: 250-65.
15. Dai, Xiudian (2003) 'ICTs in China's Development Strategy', in Hughes and Wacker (eds): 8-29.
16. Deng, Shichao (2003) 'Zhongguo-dongmeng ziyou maoyi qu dui dongnanya huaren zhengzhi de yingxiang shixi', [Preliminary Analysis of the Impact of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area on the Overseas Chinese in Southeast Asia], Dongya yanjiu (Southeast Asian Studies), (3):63-8.
17. Deng, Xiaoping (1984a) 'On the Reform of the System of Party and State Leadership', Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping (1975-1982), Beijing: Foreign Languages Press: 302-25.
18. Deng, Xiaoping (1984b) 'Emancipate the Mind, Seek Truth from Facts and Unite as One in Looking to the Future', Selected Works (1975-1982): 151-65.
19. Deng, Xiaoping (1984c) 'Mao Zedong Thought Must be Correctly Understood as an Integral Whole', Selected Works (1975-1982):55-60.
20. Deng, Xiaoping (1984d) 'Speech at the National Conference on Education', Selected Works (1975-1982):119-26.
21. Deng, Xiaoping (1984e) 'Speech at the Opening Ceremony of the National Conference on Science', Selected Works (1975-1982): 101-16.
22. Deng, Xiaoping (1984f) 'Uphold the Four Cardinal Principles', Selected Works (1975-1982):166-91.
23. Deng, Xiaoping (1984g) 'The Present Situation and the Tasks Before Us', Selected Works (1975-1982):224-58.
24. Deng, Xiaoping (1984g1) 'Muqian de xingshi he renwu', [The Present Situation and the Tasks Before Us], Deng Xiaoping wenxuan (1975-1982):203-37.
25. Deng, Xiaoping (1984h) 'Remarks on Successive Drafts of the 'Resolution on Certain Questions in the History of Our Party since the Founding of the People's Republic of China', Selected Works (1975-1982):276-96.
26. Deng, Xiaoping (1984i) 'Speech at a Plenary Meeting of the Military Commission of the CPC', Selected Works (1975-1982):87-100.
27. Deng, Xiaoping (1984j) 'Hold High the Banner of Mao Zedong Thought and Adhere to the Principle of Seeking Truth from Facts', Selected Works (1975-1982): 141-4.
28. Deng, Xiaoping (1984k) 'Implement the Policy of Readjustment, Ensure Stability and Unity', Selected Works (1975-1982):335-55.
29. Deng, Xiaoping (19841) 'Speech at the Opening Ceremony of the National Conference on Science', Selected Works (1975-1982):101-16.
30. Deng, Xiaoping (1984m) 'Concerning Problems on the Ideological Front', Selected Works (1975-1982):369-70.
31. Deng, Xiaoping (1985) Build Socialism with Chinese Characteristics, Beijing: Foreign Languages Press.
32. Deng, Xiaoping (1993a) 'Heping he fazhan shi dangdai shijie de liang da wenti', [Peace and Development Are the Two Outstanding Issues in the World Today], Deng Xiaoping wenxuan (Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping), Vol. 3, Beijing: Renmin chubanshe: 104-6. English version available online:http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/dengxp/vol3/text/c1330.html (accessed 6 June 2005).
33. Deng, Xiaoping (1993a1) 'Gao zichanjieji ziyouhua jiushi zou zichan jieji zhuyi daolu', [Advocating Bourgeois Liberalisation is Taking the Road of Capitalism], Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:123-5.
34. Deng, Xiaoping (1993a2) 'Gongtong nuli, shixian zuguo tongyi', Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:362.
35. Deng, Xiaoping (1993a3) 'Shan yu liyong shiji jiejue fazhan wenti', Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:363-5.
36. Deng, Xiaoping (1993a4) 'Zhongguo dalu he Taiwan heping tongyi de shexiang', [A Proposal for the Unification of Mainland China and Taiwan], SW3:31.
37. Deng, Xiaoping (1993a5) 'Zhongguo yongyuan bu yunxu bie guo ganshe nei zheng', [China Will Never Agree to Other Countries Interfering in Internal Politics], Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:359-61.
38. Deng, Xiaoping (1993a6) 'Zengjin Zhong Yin youyi, jiaqiang nan nan hezuo', [Enhancing Sino-Indian Friendship-Strengthening South-South Co-operation], Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:19-20.
39. Deng, Xiaoping (1993a7) 'Wending shijie jushi de xin banfa', [A New Method for Stabilising the World Situation], SW3:49-50.
40. Deng, Xiaoping (1993b) 'Heping gong chu yuanze chuyu qiangda shengming li', Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:96-7.
41. Deng, Xiaoping (1993c) 'Zhongguo gongchangdang di shi er ci quanguo daibiao dahui kaimu ci', [Opening Speech at the Twelfth National Congress of the CPC], Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:1-4.
42. Deng, Xiaoping (1993d) 'Wo guo fangzhen de liangge jiben dian', [The Two Basic Elements in China's Policy], Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:248-50.
43. Deng, Xiaoping (1993e) 'Ban hao jingji techu, zengjia dui wai kaifang chengshi', Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:51-2.
44. Deng, Xiaoping (1993f) 'Wei jingshan xuexiao ti ci', Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:35.
45. Deng, Xiaoping (1993f1) 'Dang zai zuzhi zhanxian he sixiang zhanxian shang de poqie renwu', Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:36-48.
46. Deng, Xiaoping (1993g) 'Jianshe you zhongguo te se de shehui zhuyi', Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:62-6.
47. Deng, Xiaoping (1993h) 'Zai dang de shier qie liu zhong quan hui shang de jiang hua', [Speech at the Sixth Plenum of the Twelfth Party Congress], Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:181-2.
48. Deng, Xiaoping (1993i) 'Yong zhongguo lishi jiaoyu qingnian', [Use Chinese History to Teach the Young], Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:204-6.
49. Deng, Xiaoping (1993j) 'Yiqie cong shehui zhuyi chuji jieduan de shiji chufa', [Everything Starts Out from the Primary Stage of Socialism], Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:251-2.
50. Deng, Xiaoping (1993k) 'Jihua he shichang dou shi fazhan shengchanli de fangfa', [Planning and the Market Are Both Methods for Developing Production], Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:203.
51. Deng, Xiaoping (1993l) 'Huijian Xianggang tebie xingzhengqu jibenfa qicao weiyuanhui yuan de jianghua', Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:215-22.
52. Deng, Xiaoping (1993m) 'Zai junwei kuoda huiyi shang de jianghua', Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:126-9.
53. Deng, Xiaoping (1993n) 'Yao xishou guoji de jingyan', Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3: 266-7.
54. Deng, Xiaoping (1993n1) 'Zai jiejian shodu jieyan buduijun yishang ganbu de jianghua', Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:302-8.
55. Deng, Xiaoping (1993o) 'Zai wuchang, shenzhen, zhuhai, shanghai deng di de tanhua yaodian', [Excerpts from Talks Given in Wuchang, Shenzhen, Zhuhai and Shanghai], Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:370-83.
56. Deng, Xiaoping (1993p) 'Gao zichan jieji ziyouhua jiushi zou ziben zhuyi daolu', [Practising Bourgeois Liberalisation is Taking the Capitalist Road], Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:123-5.
57. Deng, Xiaoping (1993q) 'Shehuizhuyi de Zhongguo shei ye dongyao bu liao', [Nobody Can Shake Socialist China], Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:328-9.
58. Deng, Xiaoping (1993r) 'Jianchi shehui zhuyi, fangzhi heping yanbian', [Uphold Socialism, Prevent Peaceful Evolution], Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3: 344-6.
59. Deng, Xiaoping (1993s) 'Guoji xingshi he jingji wenti', [The International Situation and Economic Problems], Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:353-6.
60. Deng, Xiaoping (1993t) 'Women you xinxin ba zhongguo de shiqing zuo de geng hao', [We Have Confidence in Handling China's Affairs Even Better], Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:324-7.
61. Deng, Xiaoping (1993u) 'Jieshu yanjun de Zhong Mei guanxi yao you Meiguo caizhu zhudong', [Ending Strained Sino-US Relations Must Come from US Actions], Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:330-3.
62. Deng, Xiaoping (1993v) 'Gaige kaifang zhengce winding, zhongguo da you xiwang', [The Policy of Reform and Opening Is Stable, China Has Great Hope], Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:315-21.
63. Deng, Xiaoping (1993w) 'Yi ge guojia, liang zhong zhidu', [One Country, Two Systems], Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:58-61.
64. Deng, Xiaoping (1993x) 'Zai zhongyang guwen weiyuanhui di san ci quanti huiyi shang de jianghua', Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:83-93.
65. Deng, Xiaoping (1993y) 'Baochi xianggang de fanrong he wending', Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:72-6.
66. Deng, Xiaoping (1993z) 'Women dui Xianggang de jiben lichang', Deng Xiaoping wenxuan, Vol. 3:12-15.
67. Department of Defense (DoD United States) (2005) The Military Power of the People's Republic of China 2005, online, available: (accessed 8 August 2005).
68. Dillon, M. (2004) Xinjiang-China's Muslim Far Northeast, London and New York: Routledge Curzon.
69. Ding, Weizhi and Chen Song (1995) Zhong xi ti yong zhi jian, [Between China and the West, Essence and Function], Beijing: Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe.
70. Drifte, R. (2003) Japan's Security Relations with China since 1989, London and New York:Routledge.
71. Fan, Liqin (1996) 'Gaige kaifang, bu rong dongyao: ping Deng Liqun de "wan yan shu"', [Reform and Opening Cannot Be Permitted to be Shaken: A Critique of Deng Liqun's 'Ten Thousand Word Letter'], in Shi (1997):49-122.
72. Fang, Lizhi (1985) 'Fang Lizhi zai Zhejiang daxue de jianghua gaoyao', [Script of Fang Lizhi's Speech at Zhejiang University], in Anon. (ed.) (1988) Fang Lizhi Liu Bingyan Wang Ruowang yanlun gaobian, [Scripts of Speeches and Texts by Fang Lizhi, Liu Binyan, Wang Ruowang], Hong Kong: Shuguang tushu: 5-14.
73. Fang, Lizhi (1986) 'Zhishi fenzi yu Zhongguo shehui-Fang Lizhi zai Shanghai jiaotong daxue de jianghua gaoyao', [Intellectuals and Chinese Society-Script of Fang Lizhi's Talk at Shanghai's Jiaotong University], in Anon. (ed.) (1988) Fang Lizhi Liu Bingyan Wang Ruowang yanlun gaobian' [Scripts of Speeches and Texts by Fang Lizhi, Liu Binyan, Wang Ruowang], Hong Kong: Shuguang tushu: 25-9.
74. Fang, Ning, Wang, Xiaodong and Song, Qiang (1999) Quanqiuhua yinying xia de Zhongguo zhi lu, [China's Road under the Shadow of Globalization], Beijing: Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe.
75. Feng, Z. (2003) 'Lun dui Ri guanxi xin siwei', [On the New Thinking Towards Japan], ZLGL (4):1-16.
76. Fewsmith, J. (2001) China since Tiananmen: The Politics of Transition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
77. Gan, Yang (2003) 'Zhongguo ziyou pai de youlai', [The Origins of China's Left Wing], in Gong Yang (ed.): 110-20.
78. Gao, Xin and He, Pin (1996) Zhu Rongji Zhuan, [Biography of Zhu Rongji], Taipei: Xin xinwen.
79. Giddens, A. (1990) The Consequences of Modernity, Cambridge: Polity Press.
80. Goldman, M. (1994) Sowing the Seeds of Democracy in China: Political Reform in the Deng Xiaoping Era, London: Harvard University Press.
81. Gong, Li (1996) 'Bashi niandai zhongguo tiaozheng dui wai fangzhen de youlai', [Origins of the Adjustment of China's Foreign Policy in the 1980s], in Gong Li (ed.) Deng Xiaoping de waijiao sixiang yu shijian, [The Ideas and Practice of Deng Xiaoping's Foreign Policy], Harbin:Heilongjiang chubanshe: 16-26.
82. Gong, Yang (ed.) (2003) Sichao: Zhongguo 'xin zuopai' ji qi yingxiang, [Thought Wave China's 'New Left' and its Influence], Beijing: Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe.
83. Gore, A. (1994) 'Remarks Prepared for Delivery to International Telecommunications Union', Buenos Aires, 21 March, online, available:8 (accessed 20 February 2002).
84. Gries, P.H. (2004) China's New Nationalism: Pride, Politics and Diplomacy, Berkeley: University of California Press.
85. Guo Xiangzhi (1990) '"Yi guo liang zhi" gouxiang de lilun yu shijian', [The Concept of 'One Country, Two Systems' in Theory and Practice], Taiwan yanjiu (1):5-17.
86. Haacke, J. (2002) 'Seeking Influence: China's Diplomacy Toward ASEAN after the Asian Crisis', Asian Perspective 26(4):13-52.
87. He, Qinglian (2000) 'China's Listing Social Structure', online, available: (accessed 10 June 2005).
88. He, Xiquan and Jiang, Li (2000) 'Guoji jiduan shli de xianzhuang ji fazhan xieshi', [The Present Situation Development and Trend of Extremist International Forces], in Zhongguo xiandai guoji guanxi yanjiu suo (China Research Institute of Contemporary International Relations) (ed.) Quanqiu zhanlue da geju, [The Broad Situation of Global Strategy], Beijing: Shishi chubanshe:558-65.
89. Held, D., McGrew, A., Goldblatt, D. and Perraton, J. (1999) Global Transformations: Politics, Economics and Culture, Cambridge: Polity Press.
90. Hideo, Osashi (2004) 'The Impact of China's Rise on Sino-Japanese Economic Relations', in K.Ryosei and J.Wang (eds), The Rise of China and a Changing East Asian Order, Tokyo and New York: Japan Centre for International Exchange: 175-94.
91. House Committee on International Relations (2004) Online, available: (accessed 4 July 2004).
92. Hsu, Immanuel C.Y. (1983) China without Mao, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
93. Hu, Jintao (1999) 'Zhonggong zhongyang zhengzhiju changwei, guojia fu zhuxi Hu Jintao fabiao dianshi jianghua', [Television Talk by Member of the Standing Committee of the Politburo and Vice State President Hu Jintao], People's Daily, 10 May:1, online, available: (accessed 14 February 2005).
94. Hu, Yaobang (1982) 'Quan mian kaizhuang shehuizhuyi xiandaihua jianshe de xin jumian-zai zhongguo gongchangdang di shi er ci quanguo daibiao da hui shang de bao gao', [Completely Open Up the New Situation for Socialist Modernisation-Report to the Twelfth National Congress of the CPC], online, available: (accessed 3 March 2005).
95. Huang Jiming (1999) 'Jiji zai aiguo zhuyi de weida qizhi xia', [Come Together under the Great Banner of Patriotism], People's Daily, 27 May.
96. Hughes, C. (1997a) Taiwan and Chinese Nationalism: National Identity and Status in International Society, London and New York: Routledge.
97. Hughes, C. (1997b) 'Globalisation and Nationalism: Squaring the Circle in Chinese International Relations Theory', Millennium: Journal of International Studies, 26(1):103-24.
98. Hughes, C. (2000) 'Nationalism in Chinese Cyberspace', Cambridge Review of International Affairs, Vol XIII, No 2, Spring/Summer: 195-209.
99. Hughes, C. (2003) 'Fighting the Smokeless War: ICTs and International Security', in Hughes and Wacker: 139-61.
100. Hughes, C. (2005) 'Interpreting Nationalist Texts: A Post-Structuralist Approach', Journal of Contemporary China, 14(3), May:57-77.
101. Hughes, C. and Wacker, G. (2003) China and the Internet: Politics of the Digital Leap Forward, London and New York: Routledge Curzon.
102. Human Rights Watch (2003) A Question of Patriotism: Human Rights and Democratization in Hong Kong, online, available: (accessed 5 June 2005).
103. JETRO (Japan External Trade Organization) (2005) Special Survey of Japanese Business in China-Impact of the April Anti-Japan Demonstrations, online, available: (accessed 15 June 2005).
104. Jiang, Xiyuan and Xia Liping (2004) Zhongguo heping jueqi, [Peaceful Rise of China], Beijing:Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe.
105. Jiang, Yiwei (1983) 'Guanyu gongye jingji zeren zhi de yixie lilun wenti', Renmin Ribao (People's Daily), 19 August, cited in Schram (1984): 455.
106. Jiang, Yongjing (1985) 'Sun Zhongshan xiansheng de geming sixiang', [The Revolutionary Thought of Mr Sun Yat-sen], in Zhonghua minguo jian guo shi, [The History of the Founding of the ROC], Taipei.
107. Jiang, Zemin (1991) 'Jiang Zemin zong shuji zhi xin Li Tieying He Dongchang qiangdiao jinxing zhongguo jindai shi xiandai shi ji guoqing jiaoyu', [General Secretary Jiang Zemin Sends a Letter to Li Tieying and He Dongchang, Stressing the Practice of Chinese Modern History, Contemporary History and National Condition Education], People's Daily, 6 June.
108. Jiang, Zemin (1992) 'Jiakuai gaige kaifang he xiandaihua jianshe bufa, duoqu you zhongguo tese shehuizhuyu shiye de geng da shenli', [Speed Up the Steps of Building Reform and Opening and Modernisation, Seize the Great Victory in the Project of Building Socialism with Chinese Characteristics], Shisida yilai: 1-2.
109. Jiang, Zemin (1995a) 'Zhengque chuli shehuizhuyi xiandaihua jianshe de ruogan zhongda guanxi', [Correctly Handle Some Major Relationships in the Building of Socialist Modernisation], Shisida yilai (2):1460-77.
110. Jiang, Zemin (1995b), 'Nuli shishe kejiao xingguo de zhanlue', Shisi da zhongyao wenxian, (zhong): 1381-96.
111. Jiang, Zemin (1997) 'Gaoju Deng Xiaoping lilun weida qizhi, ba jianshe you Zhongguo tese shehui zhuyi shiye quanmian tuixiang ershiyi shiji', [Hold High the Great Banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory, Take the Project of Building Socialism with Chinese Characteristics Forwards into the Twentieth Century], Zhonggong shiwu da baogao budai duben, [Study Guide to the Report to the fifteenth CPC Congress], Hong Kong: Mingliu chubanshe: 1-60.
112. Jiang, Zemin (1998a) 'Aiguo zhuyi he woguo zhishifenzi de shiming', [Patriotism and the Mission of Our Country's Intellectuals], Party Documentation Centre: 359-64.
113. Jiang, Zemin (1998b) 'Xinwen gongzuo de jiben fangzhen wenti', Party Documentation Centre: 354-5.
114. Jiang, Zemin (1998c) 'Ren yao you zheng qi he gu qi', [People Need Righteousness and Backbone], Party Documentation Centre: 371-3.
115. Jiang, Zemin (1998d) 'Guanyu shehuizhuyi jinsheng wenming jianshe de wenti', [On Problems in Building Socialist Spiritual Civilization], Party Documentation Centre: 348-9.
116. Jiang, Zemin (1998e) 'Dang de lingdao ganbu yao yi shen zuo ze, lingxian chuifan', [The Party's Leading Cadres Should Set a Leading Example], Party Documentation Centre: 388-9.
117. Jiang, Zemin (1998f) 'Guanyu xuanzhuan sixiang gongzuo de zongzhi he jidian xiwang', [On the Overall Direction and Some Hopes for Propaganda Work], Party Documentation Centre: 392-5.
118. Jiang, Zemin (1998g) 'Fahui wo jun de zhengzhi youshi, da li jiaqiang jundui de jingshen wenming jianshe', [Wield the Superiority of Our Army, Strive to Strengthen the Army's Building of Socialist Spiritual Civilisation], Party Documentation Centre: 41.
119. Jiang, Zemin (1998h) 'Renzhen xuexi Deng Xiaoping tongzhi de geming fengge', [Resolutely Study the Revolutionary Style of Comrade Deng Xiaoping], Party Documentation Centre: 408-9.
120. Jiang, Zemin (1998i) 'Jiaqiang guoqing jiaoyu', Party Documentation Centre: 347.
121. Jiang, Zemin (1999a) 'Zai huanying wo guo zhu nansilafu lianmeng gongheguo gongzuo renyuan dahui shang de jiang hua', [Speech at the Large Meeting to Welcome Workers from Our Country's Embassy in the Yugoslav Republic], online, available: (accessed 14 February 2005).
122. Jiang, Zemin (1999b) 'Zai qingzhu zhonghua renmin gongheguo chengli wushi zhounian da hui shang de jianghua', Shiwu da yilai: 1060-2.
123. Jiang, Zemin (2001) 'Full Text of Jiang's Speech at CPC Anniversary Gathering', online, available: (accessed 8 August 2005).
124. Jiang, Zemin (2002) 'Full Text of Jiang Zemin's Report at 16th Party Congress', online, available: (accessed 8 August 2005).
125. Johnston, A.I. (2003) 'Is China a Status-Quo Power?, International Security, 27(4) (Spring):5-56.
126. Kang, Xiaoguang (1994) 'Zhongguo xiandaihua de mailuo yu chu lu', [The Evolution and the Way Out for China's Modernisation], ZLGL (1): 10-12.
127. Kang, Youwei (1897) 'Shang Qingdi di wu shu', [Fifth Memorial to the Qing Emperor], in Zhongguo Shixuehui (ed.) (2000), Wushu bianfa, Vol. II, Shanghai: Shanghai renmin chubanshe: 188-97.
128. Kelly, D. and He, B. (1992) 'Emergent Civil Society and the Intellectuals in China', in Robert F.Miller (ed.) The Developments of Civil Societies in Communist Systems, Sydney: Allen and Unwin.
129. Kissinger, H. (1973) 'Memcon, Kissinger and Mao, 12 November 1973', in William Burr (ed.), The Kissinger Transcripts, New York: New Press: 203-6.
130. Koizumu, J. (2002) 'Asia in a New Century-Challenge and Opportunity', Speech at the Boao Forum for Asia, online, available: (accessed 10 June 2005).
131. Larson, W. (1993) 'Literary Modernism and Nationalism in Post-Mao China', in Larson, W. and Wedell-Wedellsbor, A. (eds) (1993) Inside Out: Modernism and Postmodernism in Chinese Literary Culture, Aarhus: Aarhus University Press: 172-92.
132. Lee, Teng-hui (1988) 'First International Press Conference', in Government Information Office (ed.) President Lee's Selected Addresses and Messages 1988, Taipei: GIO.
133. Lee, Teng-hui (1990) 'Opening a New Era for the Chinese People', in Lee Teng-hui (ed.) Creating the Future, Taipei: GIO: 3-12.
134. Lee, Teng-hui (1991) 'Toward the 21st Century Arm in Arm-the Republic of China and the New Asian-Pacific Situation', Lee Teng-hui (ed.) Creating the Future, Taipei: GIO: 121-30.
135. Lee, Teng-hui (1999) 'Responses to Questions Submitted by Deutsche Welle: Lee Teng Hui President Republic of China', online, available: (accessed 8 August 2005).
136. Leung, Julian Y.M. (1992) 'Education in Hong Kong and China: Toward Convergence?', in Postiglione (ed.): 265-72.
137. Li, Dahong (1994) 'Taiwan zhengtan chongman jiaoju de yi nian', [A Year Full of Political Competition in Taiwan], Liaowang (24 January):36-7.
138. Li, Fan (1994) 'Shichang jingji fazhan de zhengzhi huangjing ji qi dui Zhongguo xiandaihua de yingxiang', [The Political Environment of the Development of the Market Economy and Its Influence on China's Modernisation], ZLGL (1):20-6.
139. Li, Keming (1993) 'Jiushi niandai wo guo jiaoyu fazhan he tizhi gaige de jige wenti', [Some Problems in the Development and Structural Reform of Our Country's Education in the 1990s], Jiaoyu xue (1):102-9.
140. Li, Kemu (1999) Guangming Ribao, 14 May:11.
141. Li, Kuo-chih (1984) Zhang Zhidong de Waijiao zhengce, [Zhang Zhidong's Foreign Policy], Taipei: Academia Sinica.
142. Li, Peng (1988) Zhenfen jingshen, shenhua gaige, ba gaodeng jiaoyu gongzuo tuixiang qianjin (zai quanguo jiaoyu gongzuo huiyi shang de jianghua), [Invigorate the Spirit, Deepen the Reforms, Take the Reforms in Higher Education Forward (Speech at the National Conference on Higher Education Work)], in Ma and Liu, Guanyu jiaoyu tizhi gaige de wenjian, [Documents Related to Reform of the Education System]: 317-20.
143. Li, Peng (1990) 'Continue to Work for Stable Political, Economic and Social Development in China', Third Session of the Seventh NPC: 7-58.
144. Li, Qing (1987) '"Yi guo liang zhi" yu aiguo tongyi zhanxian de xin xingshi', ['One Country, Two Systems' and the New Form of the Patriotic United Front], Zhong yang she hui zhu yi xue yuan, Tong yi zhan xian li lun jiao yan shi (ed.) Yige guojia liang zhong zhidu: lilun yu shixian wenxian ziliao xuanji, [One Country, Two Systems: Selected Literature and Materials on Theory and Practice].
145. Li, Qingyuan (1993) 'Jingji gaige yu zhengzhi wending', [Economic Reform and Political Stability], ZLGL (1):10-11.
146. Li, Rui (1984) 'Jin kuai qiyong yi dai xin ren-du Chen Yun wenxuan zhong youguan ganbu gongzuo de lunshu', People's Daily, 23 March, cited and translated in Schram (1984): 450.
147. Li, Shenzhi (1994) 'Cong quanqiuhua guandian kan Zhongguo de xiandaihua wenti', [Viewing China's Problems of Modernisation from the Perspective of Globalization], ZLGL (1):5-6.
148. Li, Shenzhi (1999) 'Feng yu cang huang wushi nian: guoqing ye duyu', [Fifty Years of Storms and Disturbances], in Li Shenzhi, Feng yu cang huang wushi nian: Li Shenzhi wenxuan (second edition), Hong Kong: Mingbao chubanshe (2003). English version in China Perspectives, 32 (November-December):4-12.
149. Li, Tieying (1988) Gaige jiaqiang deyu gongzuo, peiyang zaojiu 'siyou' xinren (zai quanguo zhongxiao deyu gongzuo huiyi shang de jianghua), [Reform and Strengthen Ethical Work to Raise New People with the 'Four Haves' (Talk at the National Conference on Middle and Elementary Ethical Education Work)], in Ma and Liu (education volume): 340-4.
150. Li, Tieying (1990) 'Gaodeng jiaoyu bixu jianchi shehuizhuyi fangxiang', [Higher Education Must Uphold the Socialist Direction], in Ma and Liu: 375-9.
151. Li, Tieying (1991) 'Nuli jianshe you zhongguo tese de shehui zhuyi jiaoyu tixi', [Strive to Build a Socialism with Chinese Characteristics, Education System], in Ma and Liu: 400-7.
152. Li, Tieying (1993) 'Shehuizhuyi xiandaihua jianshe de moji gongcheng: renzhen xuexi, xuanzhuan he shishi "zhongguo jiaoyu gaige he fazhan gangyao"', Jiaoyu xue (3):23-9.
153. Li, Xiguang, Liu Kang, Xiong Lei, Zhu Weiyi, Han Song, Wu Jianping, Shi Anbin and Wang Minjuan (1996) Yaomohua Zhongguo de beihou, [Behind the Demonization of China], Beijing:Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe.
154. Li, Xiju (2003) Zhang Zhidong yu Qing mo xin zheng yanjiu, [Research on Zhang Zhidong and the New Politics of the Late Qing], Shanghai: Shanghai shudian chubanshe.
155. Li, Zehou (1990) 'Manshuo "xi ti zhong yong"', [Comments on 'Western Substance Chinese Function'], Zhongguo xiandai sixiang shi lun, [On Chinese Contemporary Thought], Taipei:Fengyun shidai chuban gongci: 397-434. Originally in Kongzi yanjiu (Confucius Research), 1987:1.
156. Li, Zehou (1996a) '"Xi ti zhong yong" jian yi', [Simple Explanation of 'Western Substance Chinese Function'], Zou wo ziji de lu, [Taking My Own Road], Taipei: sanmin shuju: 195-9. Originally in Zhongguo wenhua bao, 9 July 1986.
157. Li, Zehou (1996b) 'Er, xi ti zhong yong', [Western Substance Chinese Function: 2], Zou wo ziji de lu:213-17. Originally in Tuanjie bao, 27 September 1986.
158. Lieberthal, K. (1995) Governing China, New York: W.W.Norton.
159. Lin Zhijun and Ma Licheng (1999) Huhan: dangjin zhongguo de wu zhong shengyin, [Outcry: Five Voices in Recent China], Taipei: Tianxia yuanjian chuban gufen youxian gongsi.
160. Lu, Zhongwei (ed.) (2003) Fei chuantong anquan lun, [On Non-Traditional Security], Beijing:Shishi chubanshe.
161. Ma Licheng (2002) 'Zhong Ri guanxi xin siwei-Zhong Ri minjian zhi you', [New Thinking on Sino-Japanese Relations-Concerns between the People of China and Japan], ZLGL (6):41-7.
162. Ma Licheng and Lin Zhijun (1998) Jiao feng, [Crossed Swords], Beijing: Jin ri zhongguo chubanshe.
163. Mao, Zedong (1967) 'On New Democracy', Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung, Vol. II, Peking:Foreign Languages Press: 339-84.
164. Mao, Zedong (1977a) 'On the Ten Major Relationships', Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung, Vol. V, Peking:Foreign Languages Press: 284-307.
165. Mao, Zedong (1977b) 'On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People', Selected Works of Mao Tse-tung, Vol. V: 384-421.
166. Mao, Zedong (1989) [1957] 'On Ideological Work', in R.MacFarquhar, T.Cheek and E.Wu (eds) The Secret Speeches of Chairman Mao: From the Hundred Flowers to the Great Leap Forward, Cambridge, Mass. and London: Cambridge University Press: 321-50.
167. Mao, Zedong (1998) 'On the Question of the Differentiation of the Three Worlds', Mao Zedong on Diplomacy, Beijing: Foreign Languages Press: 454-5.
168. Mearsheimer, J.J. (2001) The Tragedy of Great Power Politics, New York and London:W.W.Norton and Co.
169. Nathan, A. and Link, P. (2001) The Tiananmen Papers, London: Little, Brown.
170. Nolan, P. (2001) China and the Global Business Revolution, Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave.
171. Oksenberg, M., Sullivan, L.R. and Lamberts, M. (eds) (1990) Beijing Spring, 1989 Confrontation and Conflict: The Basic Documents, Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe.
172. Peng, Zhen (1983) 'Report on the Draft of the Revised Constitution of the People's Republic of China', Fifth Session of the Fifth National People's Congress, Beijing: Foreign Languages Press: 65-108.
173. Postiglione, G.A. (ed.) (1992) Education and Society in Hong Kong: Toward One Country and Two Systems, Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press.
174. Qiao, M. (2002) 'Duojiahua qushi bu hui gaibian', [The Trend Towards Multipolarity Cannot Change], Dangdai Yatai (Contemporary Asia Pacific), (6):10-13.
175. Raman, B. (2003) 'Understanding China: The View from India', Asia Times, 14 June, online, available: (accessed 9 July 2005).
176. Resolution on CPC History (1949-81) (1981) Beijing: Foreign Languages Press.
177. Rice, C. (2000) 'Promoting the National Interest', Foreign Affairs 79(1):45-62.
178. Rong, Jingben (1994) 'Jianli guoji zhengzhi jingji zhixu shi jiejue minzu wenti de genben tujing', [Establishing International Political and Economic Order is the Basic Way to Solve the National Problem], ZLGL (3):2-6.
179. Samuels, R. (1994) Rich Nation, Strong Army: National Security and Technological Transformation in Japan, Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press.
180. Sautman, B. (1991) 'Politicization, Hyperpoliticization, and Depoliticization of Chinese Education', Comparative Education Review (November): 669-89.
181. Schram, S. (1984) '"Economics in Command?" Ideology and Policy since the Third Plenum', China Quarterly (September): 417-61.
182. Segal, A. (2003) Digital Dragon: High Technology Enterprises in China, Ithaca, New York and London: Council on Foreign Relations.
183. Shakya, T. (1999) The Dragon in the Land of Snows: A History of Modern Tibet since 1947, London: Pimlico.
184. Shen, Guofang (2003) 'Dangjin shijie de duojihua xieshi he daguo guanxi', [The Trend of Multipolarity in the Present World and Relations between the Great Powers], Zhongguo dang zheng ganbu luntan, [China Party and Government Cadre Forum], (1):39-41.
185. Shi, Liuzi (1997) Beijing di xia wan yan xu, [Beijing's Underground Ten-Thousand Word Letters], Hong Kong: Minjing chubanshe.
186. Shi, Yinhong (2003) 'Zhong ri jiejin yu "waijiao geming"', [The Closeness of China and Japan and the 'Diplomatic Revolution'], ZLGL (2):71-5.
187. Song, Huaijiang (2002) Lianxiang jituan chuanji 18 nian, [The 18-Year Saga of the Legend Group], Taipei: Zhixun yinhang.
188. Song Qiang, Zhang Zangzang, Qiao Bian, Gu Qingsheng and Tang Zhengyu (1996) Zhongguo keyi shuo bu: lengzhan hou shidai de zhengzhi yu qinggan jueze, [China Can Say No: Political and Emotional Choices in the Post-Cold War Period], Beijing: Zhonghua gonshang lianhe chubanshe.
189. Spence, J.D. (1992) 'Film and Politics: Bai Hua's Bitter Love', in Chinese Roundabout: Essays in History and Culture, New York: W.W.Norton and Co.: 277-92.
190. Suettinger, R. (2004) 'The Rise and Descent of "Peaceful Rise"', China Leadership Monitor, online, available: (accessed 3 February 2005).
191. Suganama, U. (2000) Sovereign Rights and Territorial Space in Sino-Japanese Relations:Irredentism and the Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
192. Sum, Ngai-Ling (2003) '(Re-)Imagining "Greater China": Silicon Valley and the Strategy of Siliconization', in Hughes and Wacker: 102-26.
193. Sun, Liping (1994) 'Xiandaihua jincheng zhong Zhongguo ge zhong shehui guanxi de xin bianhua', [New Transformations in the Various Social Relationships in the Process of China's Modernisation], (1):17-19.
194. Sutherland, D. (2001) 'Policies to Build "National Champions": China's National Team of Enterprise Groups', in Nolan: 67-139.
195. Taiwan Affairs Office (2000) The One-China Principle and the Taiwan Issue, Beijing: Taiwan Affairs Office and Information Office, State Council of the PRC.
196. Tang Zhengyu (1996) 'Ezhi fan er jiang zhongguo daorule geng da de guoji hezuao huanjing', [Containment Will Only Lead China to a Situation of More International Cooperation], in Song, Q. et al. Zhongguo keyi shuo bu, [China Can Say No].
197. Tian Xinjian (1993) 'Dongya anquan de fenxi yu zhanwang', [Analysis and Outlook for East Asian Security], ZLGL (1):21-2.
198. Toffler, A. (1980) The Third Wave, New York: Morrow.
199. United Nations (1993) 'A Report of the Regional Meeting for Asia of the World Conference on Human Rights, Bangkok, 2 April, United Nations General Assembly, A/CONF. 157/ASRM/8, 7 April.
200. Wan, Li (1985) 'Zai quanguo jiaoyu gongzuo huiyi shang de jiang hua', [Speech at the National Education Work Conference], 17 May, in Ma and Liu (eds) Guanyu jiaoyu tizhi gaige de wenjian, [Documents Related to Reform of the Education System], 1992:259-66.
201. Wang, Hui (1994) 'Wenhua pipan lilun yu dangdai Zhongguo minzuzhuyi wenti', [Cultural Criticism and the Problem of China's Contemporary Nationalism], ZLGL (4):17-20.
202. Wang, Hui (2003) 'Dangdai zhongguo de sixiang zhuangkuang yu xiandai xing wenti', [Problems Concerning Contemporary China's Ideological Situation and the Nature of Modernisation], in Gong, Yang (ed.) (2003).
203. Wang, Ruoshui (1997) Hu Yaobang xia tai de Beijing: rendao zhuyi zai zhongguo de mingyun, [Behind the Downfall of Hu Yaobang: The Fate of Humanism in China], Hong Kong: Mirror Books.
204. Wang, Shan (1994) Di san zhi yanjing kan Zhongguo, [Viewing China through the Third Eye], Taipei: Zhouzhi wenhua.
205. Wang, Xiaodong (under the pen name Shi Zhong) (1994) 'Zhongguo xiandaihua mianjian de tiaozhan', [The Challenges Facing China's Modernisation], ZLGL (1):7-9.
206. Wang, Xiaodong (2005) 'Chinese Nationalism under the Shadow of Globalization', speech at the London School of Economics, 7 February, online, available:http://www.lse.ac.uk/collections/asiaResearchCentre/pdf/WANGXiaodongFinalTranscriptEngli sh.pdf (accessed 6 June 2005).
207. Wang, Zaixi (1993) 'Taiwan xian shi zhang xuanju qingkuang toushi', [Perspective on the Situation of Taiwan's Elections for County Magistrates and City Mayors], Liaowang (13 December):31-2.
208. Wang, Zaixi (1994) 'Zongguan taiwan "sheng shi zhang" xuanju jieguo', [An Overview of the Results of Taiwan's Elections for Provincial and City Heads], Liaowang (26 January):55.
209. Waters, M. (1995) Globalization, London and New York: Routledge.
210. Wendt, Alexander (1999) Social Theory of International Politics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
211. Whiting, A.S. (1989) China Eyes Japan, Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
212. Wong, J.Y. (2003) 'British Legacy in Hong Kong: Putting the Mass Demonstrations of 1 July 2003 in Historical Perspective, 1895-2003', paper presented to the Department of International Relations, LSE. Original version presented to International Conference on Paradigms and Perspectives I, Hong Kong Studies, Hong Kong University Centre for Asian Studies, December 2003.
213. World Bank (1997) China 2020: Development Challenges in the New Century, Washington, DC:World Bank.
214. World Bank (1998) World Bank Atlas 1998, Washington, DC: World Bank.
215. WTO (World Trade Organization) (2003) International Trade Statistics 2003, online, available: (accessed 14 July 2005).
216. Xiao, Cuilin (1992) 'China's Open Door Policy in Education: A Content Analysis of the Chinese Education Newspaper', Compare, 18:2, cited in, W.O.Lee, in Postiglione (ed.): 239.
217. Xiao, Gongqin (1994a) 'Ran zhengquan yu fenli jituanhua: Zhongguo xiandaihua de liang zhong xianjin', [Weak Authority and Divided Corporatism: Two Pitfalls of China's Modernisation], ZLGL (1):1-4.
218. Xiao, Gongqin (1994b) 'Minzu zhuyi yu Zhongguo zhuan xing shiqi de yishi xingtai', [Nationalism and China's Ideology in the Period of Reformation], ZLGL (5):21-5.
219. Xiao, Gongqin (2003) '"Xin zuopai" yu dangdai Zhonnguo zhishifenzi de sixiang wenhua', [The 'New Left' and the Ideological Culture of China's Contemporary Intellectuals], in Gong, Yang (ed.) Sichao: 401-27.
220. Xiong, Guangkai (2003) 'The Global Challenge of International Terrorism', speech at the Munich Conference on Security Policy, 2 August, online, available: (accessed 4 July 2005).
221. Xu, J. (1993) Xu Jiatun Xianggang huiyi lu, [Xu Jiatun's Memoirs of Hong Kong], Vols. I-II, Taipei: Lianhe bao chubanshe.
222. Xu, L. (1995) 'The "Shekou Storm": Changes in the Mentality of Chinese Youth Prior to Tiananmen', China Quarterly (142):541-72.
223. Xu Xianqun and Lin Zhengyi (2002) Jiang Zemin keji sixiang yanjiu (Research on Jiang Zemin's Thinking on Technology), Hangzhou: Zhejiang kexue jishu chubanshe.
224. Yahuda, M. (1995) Hong Kong: China's Challenge, London and New York: Routledge.
225. Yan, Chuanrong and Yang, Huasheng (1990) 'Taiwan zhengzhi zhuan xing de tedian ji zhuyao maodun', [Special Points and Contradictions of Taiwan's Political Transformation], Taiwan yanjiu (1):18-24.
226. Yan, Xuetong (1995) 'Zhongguo jueqi de keneng xuanze', ZLGL (6), reprinted in Yan Xuetong (2000):111-20.
227. Yan, Xuetong (1999) 'Guoji huanjing ji waijiao sikao', [Considerations on the International Environment and Foreign Relations], Xiandai guoji guanxi (8):7-11.
228. Yan, Xuetong (2000) Meiguo baquan yu Zhongguo anquan, Tianjin: Tianjin renmin chubanshe.
229. Yin, Baoyun (1994) 'Minzu zhuyi yu xiandai jingji fazhan', [Nationalism and the Development of the Contemporary Economy], ZLGL (3):13-15.
230. Yu, Yongding and Zheng Bingwen (eds) (2000) Zhongguo 'ru shi' yanjiu baogao: jinru WTO de Zhongguo chanye, [The Research Report on China's Entry into the WTO], Beijing: Shehui kexue wenxian chubanshe.
231. Yuan Ming (1992) Minzhu zhongguo, August.
232. Zhang, Chengxian (1993) 'Shichang jingji yu jiaoyu gaige', [Market Economy and Education Reform] (report on a conference held January 1993, Beijing), Jiaoyu xue, 2:44-5.
233. Zhang, Chunjiang and Ni, Jianmin (2000) Guojia Xinxi Anquan Baogao, [Report on National Information Security], Beijing: Renmin chubanshe.
234. Zhao, Suisheng (1997) 'Chinese Intellectuals' Quest for National Greatness and Historical Writing in the 1990s', China Quarterly, 152:725-45.
235. Zhao, Suisheng (2004) A Nation-State by Construction: Dynamics of Modern Chinese Nationalism, Stanford, Carolina: Stanford University Press.
236. Zhao, Zhenkai (1985) Waves, tr. Bonnie S.McDougall and Susette Ternent Cooke, Hong Kong:Chinese University Press.
237. Zhao, Ziyang (1987) Yanzhe you zhongguo tese de shehui zhuyi daolu qian jin, [Follow the Road of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics to Advance], online, available: (accessed 14 January 2005).
238. Zheng, Yongnian (1999) Discovering Chinese Nationalism in China: Modernization, Identity and International Relations, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
239. Zhongguo Qingnian bao (1983) 'Wuran xu qingchu, shenghuo yao meihua', [Pollution Needs to be Purged, Life Should be Beautified], ZQB, PD, 17 November (cited in Schram: 440).
240. Zhou, Zhiping et al. (1993) 'Deng Xiaoping jiaoyu zhanlue sixiang xingcheng yu fazhan de lishi guocheng he beijing tiaojian', [The Historical Process and Background Conditions of the Formation and Development of Deng Xiaoping's Education Strategy], Jiaoyu xue, 2:6-11.
241. Zhu, Aili (1990) 'Taiwan "zongtong" xuanju hou de zhengci zouxiang', [The Direction of Policy after Taiwan's 'Presidential' Elections], Taiwan Yenjiu (1):1-4.
242. Zou Jingwen (ed.) (2001) Li Denghui zhizheng gao bai shilu, [Lee Teng-hui's Testament], Taibei:Yinke.
243. Zweig, D. (2002) Internationalizing China: Domestic Interests and Global Linkages, Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.