Interpreting nationalist texts: A post-structuralist approach

Journal of Contemporary China

Volumn 14, Issue 43, 2005, Pages 247-267

  Hughes, Christopher R ^a  

^a LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

NATIONAL POLITICS; NATIONALISM;

ASIA; CHINA; EASTERN HEMISPHERE; EURASIA; FAR EAST; WORLD;

EID: 18544379321     PISSN: 10670564     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10670560500065645     Document Type: Article

References (90)

1. Yongnian Zheng, Discovering Chinese Nationalism in China: Modernization, Identity and International Relations (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999);
2. Suisheng Zhao, 'Chinese intellectuals' quest for national greatness and nationalistic writing in the 1990s', China Quarterly 152, (December 1997), pp. 725-745;
3. Joseph Fewsmith, China Since Tiananmen: The Politics of Transition (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001), esp. pp. 132-220.
4. Michel Foucault, Archaeology of Knowledge (London: Routledge, 2002), p. 36.
5. Zheng, Discovering Chinese Nationalism in China, p. x,
6. citing James Kellas, The Politics of Nationalism and Ethnicity (London: Macmillan, 1991)
7. Zheng, Discovering Chinese Nationalism in China, p. xi,
8. citing F. H. Hinsley, Nationalism and the International System (London, 1973).
9. Zheng, Discovering Chinese Nationalism in China, pp. 40-41.
10. Ibid., p. 39;
11. see also Suisheng Zhao, 'Chinese intellectuals' quest for national greatness and nationalistic writing in the 1990s', pp. 725-726.
12. Hu Angang, 'Fenshuizhi pingjia yu jianyi' ['Evaluation and suggestion of the tax-division system'], Zhanliie yu Guanli [Strategy and Management] 5, (1996), pp. 1-9.
13. Fewsmith, China Since Tiananmen, p. 132.
14. Ibid., p. 133.
15. Ibid., p. 136.
16. The figures that Fewsmith directly names are Joe Migdal, John Zysman, Freederic C. Deyo, Gary Gererri, Donald L. Wyman, Peter Evans, Chalmers Johnson and Peter Katzenstein.
17. This list is compiled from the works of Zheng, Zhao and Fewsmith.
18. Michel Foucault, The Archaeology of Knowledge (London and New York: Routledge, 2002), p. 38.
19. Wang Shan, Di san zhi yanjing kan Zhongguo (Taipei: Zhouzhi wenhua 1994).
20. Fewsmith, China Since Tiananmen, pp. 146-147.
21. Ibid., p. 151.
22. Wang Shan, Di san zhi yanjing kan Zhongguo, pp. 292-293.
23. Ibid., pp. 4-6.
24. Ibid., p. 2.
25. Ibid., pp. 23-24.
26. Ibid., pp. 92-93.
27. Ibid., p. 71.
28. Fewsmith, China Since Tiananmen, p. 151.
29. Wang Shan, Di san zhi yanjing kan Zhongguo, p. 295.
30. Michel Foucault, The History of Sexuality: An Introduction (Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Peregrine, 1984), p. 11.
31. Wang Shan, Di san zhi yanjing kan Zhongguo, p. 279.
32. Ibid., p. 275.
33. Ibid., p. 277.
34. Ibid., pp. 291-292.
35. Fewsmith, China Since Tiananmen, p. 148.
36. Foucault, Archaeology of Knowledge, p. 32.
37. Ibid., p. 32.
38. Jiang Zemin, 'Aiguo zhuyi he wo guo zhishifenzi de shiming' ['Patriotism and the mission of our country's intellectuals'], (speech to the capital's youth to commemorate the May Fourth Movement, 3 May 1990), in Mao Zedong Deng Xiaoping Jiang Zemin lun shijie guan rensheng guan jiazhi guan [Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping and Jiang Zemin on World View, View of Humanity and View of Values ] (Hong Kong: Mingliu chubanshe, 1998), p. 360.
39. Jiang Zemin, 'Xinwen gongzuozhe de jiben fangzhen wenti' ['Basic problems of policy for news workers'] (speech on news work to Central Propaganda Department, 28 November 1989), in Mao Zedong Deng Xiaoping Jiang Zemin, pp. 354-355.
40. 'Guojia jiaoyu weiyuanhui guanyu jin yi bu jiaqiang zhong xiao xue deyu gongzuo de yijian' (13 April 1990) ['Views of the National Education Commission on advancing the strengthening of moral education work in junior and middle schools' (13 April 1990)], Guojia jiaoyu weiyuanhui zhengbao [Bulletin of the National Education Commission] no. 6, (1990).
41. Jiang Zemin 'Ren yao, you zhengqi he guqi' ['People need righteousness and spine'], in Mao Zedong Deng Xiaoping Jiang Zemin, pp. 371-373.
42. Jiang Zemin, 'Jianchi bu xiede jinxing zhongguo jindaishi, xiandaishi ji guojing jiaoyu' ['Ceaselessly maintain education in Chinese modern history, contemporary history and national condition'] (letter to Li Tieying and He Dongchang, 9 March 1991), Mao Zedong Deng Xiaoping Jiang Zemin, p. 375.
43. Wang Shan, Di san zhi yanjing kan Zhongguo, p. 196.
44. One explanation for Jiang's supposed u-turn is that Deng Xiaoping was unhappy with the text. See the preface to the Taiwanese edition of Di san zhi yanjing.
45. Foucault, Archaeology of Knowledge, p. 33.
46. Joseph Fewsmith and Stanley Rosen, 'The domestic context of Chinese foreign policy: does "public opinion" matter?', in David M. Lampton, ed., The Making of Chinese Foreign and Security Policy in the Era of Reform (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2001), pp. 151-190.
47. Fewsmith explains that the 'honorary director' was former PLA Chief of Staff Xiao Ke, the director was former Secretariat member Gu Mu, and the senior advisors included retired general Zhang Aiping, former People's Daily editor-in-chief Qin Chuan, former State Economic Commission head Yuan Baohua, and former Secretariat member Yan Mingfu. Its editor was Qin Chaoying, son of the former editor-in-chief of People's Daily (Fewsmith, China Since Tiananmen, p. 151).
48. Ibid., p. 155.
49. Fewsmith and Rosen, 'The domestic context of Chinese foreign policy', pp. 158-160.
50. Foucault, Archaeology of Knowledge, pp. 45-46.
51. Xiao Gongqin, "'Ran zhengquan" yu fenli jituanhua: Zhongguo xiandaihua de liang zhong xianjin' ["'Soft power" and divided interest groups: two traps for China's modernisation], Zhanlüe yu Guanli 1, (1994), pp. 1-4.
52. Xiao Gongqin, 'Minzu zhuyi yu Zhongguo zhuanxing shiqi de yishi xingtai' ['The ideological condition of nationalism and China's period of transformation'], Zhanlüe yu guanli 5, (1994), pp. 21-25.
53. I b i d.
54. Jiang Zemin, 'Guanyu shehui zhuyi jingshen werming jianshe wenti' ['On problems in building socialist spiritual civilization'], Mao Zedong Deng Xiaoping Jiang Zemin, p. 349.
55. Deng Xiaoping, 'Jianshe you Zhongguo tese de shehui zhuyi' ['Build socialism with Chinese characteristics'], in Deng Xiaoping wenxuan di san juan [Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping, Vol. III] (Beijing: Renmin chubanshe, 1993), p. 63. Deng actually uses the metaphor 'Ian tanzi', meaning a cart that has been overturned so that its goods are irretrievably damaged.
56. Geremie R. Barme, In the Red: On Contemporary Chinese Culture (New York: Columbia University Press, 1999), p. 29.
57. For Li Ruihuan on minzu wenhua see Renmin Ribao, (12 January 1990), 'Fanrong wenyi bixu dali hongyang minzu youxiu wenhua' and 'Guanyu hongyang minzu youxiu wenhuade ruogan wenti-zai quanguo wenhua yishu gongzuo qingkuang jiaoliu zuotanhuishangde jianghua', Renmin ribao, (15 May 1990).
58. See also Renmin ribao, (20 September 1989), (14 September 1989).
59. And 'Li Ruihuan tan wending dangqian daju', Yangcheng wanbao, (30 April 1990).
60. Kang Xiaoguang, 'Zhongguo xiandaihua de yongyanluo yu chu lu' ['Evolution and way out for China's modernization'], Zhanlüe yu guanli 1, (1994), pp. 10-12.
61. Li Fan, 'Shichang jingji fazhan de zhengzhi huanjing ji qi dui Zhongguo xiandaihua de yingxiang' ['The political environment of the development of the market economy and its influence on China's modernization'], Zhanlüe yu guanli 3, (1994), pp. 2-6.
62. Foucault, Archaeology of Knowledge, p. 170.
63. Foucault, The History of Sexuality, p. 93.
64. Sun Liping, 'Xiandaihua jincheng zhong Zhongguo ge zhong sehui guanxi de xin bianhua' ['New transformations of all kinds of social relationships during China's modernization'], Zhanlüe yu guanli 1, (1994), pp. 17-19.
65. Tian Xinjian, 'Dongya anquan de fenxi yu zhangwang' ['Analysis and outlook for East Asian security], Zhanlüe yu guanli 1, (1993), pp. 21-22.
66. Li Fugen, ed., Guanjian shike: dangdai zhongguo jidai jiejue de 27 ge wenti [The Crucial Moment: 27 Problems Urgently Awaiting a Solution in Contemporary China] (Beijing: Jinri Zhongguo chubanshe, 1997);
67. Ma Licheng and Lin Zhijun, Jiaofeng: dangdai Zhongguo san ci sixiang jiefang shilu [Crossed Swords: Record of China's Three Thought Liberations] (Beijing: Jinri Zhongguo chubanshe, 1998);
68. Lin Zhijun and Ma Licheng, Huhan: dangjin zhongguo de wu zhong shengyin [Outcry: Five Voices in Present Day China] (Taipei: Tianxia yuanjian chuban gufen youxian gongsi, 1999). (Editor's note: Huhan-Outcry is also the title of Lu Xun's collection of stories which marked the beginning of modern Chinese literature.).
69. Lin and Ma, Outcry, pp. 179-254.
70. Ibid., p. 194.
71. Ibid., pp. 194-195.
72. Ibid., pp. 202-203.
73. Ibid., p. 229.
74. Luo Bing, 'Jinzhi kanwu de shoufeng' ['Tightening up publications'], Zhengming, (February 1999), pp. 11-13.
75. Fang Ning, Wang Xiaodong, Song Qiang et al., Quanqiuhua yinying xia de Zhongguo zhi lu [China's Road Under the Shadow of Globalization] (Beijing: Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe, 1999).
76. Shi Zhong (Wang Xiaodong), 'Zhongguo xiandaihua mianjian de tiaozhan' ['Challenges faced by China's modernization'], Zhanlüe yu guanli 1, (1994), pp. 7-9.
77. Li Shenzhi, 'Cong quanqiuhua guandian kan Zhongguo de xiandaihua wenti' ['Looking at China's problems of modernization from the perspective of globalization'], Zhanlüe yu guanli 1, (1994), pp. 5-6.
78. Shi Zhong, 'Zhongguo xiandaihua mianjian de tiaozhan', p. 6.
79. Song Qiang, 'Jianli 21 shiji de xin guoge' ['Build a new national character for the 21st century'], in Fang Ning, Wang Xiaodong, Song Qiang et al., Quanqiuhua yinying xia de Zhongguo zhi lu, pp. 134-150.
80. Deng Xiaoping, 'Uphold the four cardinal principles', Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping (1975-1982) (Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, 1984), pp. 166-191.
81. Fang Ning, Wang Xiaodong, Song Qiang et al., Quanqiuhua yinying xia de Zhongguo zhi lu, p. 6.
82. Wang Xiaodong, 'Zhongguo de minzu zhuyi he Zhongguo de weilai' ['Chinese nationalism and China's future'], in Fang Ning, Wang Xiaodong, Song Qiang et al., Quanqiuhua yinying xia de Zhongguo zhi lu, pp. 100-101.
83. Wang Xiaodong, 'Zhongguo de minzu zhuyi he Zhongguo de weilai', pp. 104-105.
84. Ibid., p. 101.
85. Hu Jintao, 'Zhonggong zhongyang zhengzhiju changwei, guojia fu zhuxi Hu Jintao fabiao dianshi jianghua' ['Television talk by member of the Standing Committee of the Politburo and Vice State President Hu Jintao'], Renmin ribao, (10 May 1999), p. 1.
86. Online: http available at: www.peopledaily.com.cn/item/ldhd/hujint/1999/ jianghua, consulted 15 October 2002;
87. Jiang Zemin, 'Zai huanying wo guo zhu nansilafu lianmeng gongheguo gongzuo renyuan dahui shang de jiang hua' ['Speech at the large meeting to welcome workers from our country's Embassy in the Yugoslav Republic'], (13 May 1999), www.peopledaily.com.cn/item/ldhd/hjt.html.
88. Li Shenzhi, 'Feng yu cang huang wushi nian'. Available online at: http:// wyg.sunchina.net/sixiang/lishenzhi/lishenzhi.htm.
89. For English version, see 'Fifty years of storms and disturbances. Soliloquy on National Day evening', China Perspectives no. 32, (November-December 2000), pp. 4-12.
90. Foucault, Archaeology of Knowledge, p. 221.