Locomotion in extinct giant kangaroos: Were sthenurines hop-less monsters?

PLoS ONE

Volumn 9, Issue 10, 2014, Pages

  Janis, Christine M ^a   Buttrill, Karalyn ^a,c   Figueirido, Borja ^b  

^a BROWN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MÁLAGA   (Spain)

^c Hampden Family Pet Hospital   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR; ANATOMICAL VARIATION; ANIMAL BEHAVIOR; ANIMAL STRUCTURES; ARTICLE; BODY MASS; CALCANEUS; CONTROLLED STUDY; EXTINCT SPECIES; FEMUR; FIBULA; FINGER PHALANX; GAIT; JOINT STABILITY; KANGAROO; LOCOMOTION; METATARSAL BONE; NONHUMAN; PELVIS; SACRUM; SPECIES COMPARISON; SPECIES DIFFERENCE; SPECIES DIVERSITY; SPINE; TALUS; TIBIA; ADAPTATION; ANATOMY AND HISTOLOGY; ANIMAL; BIOMECHANICS; EVOLUTION; MOVEMENT (PHYSIOLOGY); PHYSIOLOGY; SKELETAL MUSCLE;

MACROPODIDAE;

ADAPTATION, PHYSIOLOGICAL; ANIMALS; BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION; BIOMECHANICAL PHENOMENA; LOCOMOTION; MACROPODIDAE; MOVEMENT; MUSCLE, SKELETAL;

EID: 84908092010     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109888     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. Dawson TJ (1995) Kangaroos: Biology of the Largest Marsupials. Ithaca: Comstock Publishing Associates. 1-62 p.
2. Helgen KM, Wells RT, Kear BP, Gerdtz WR, Flannery TF (2006) Ecological and evolutionary significance of sizes of giant extinct kangaroos. Aust J Zool 54:293-303. Doi 10.1071/ZO05077
3. McGowan CP, Skinner J, Biewener AA (2008) Hind limb scaling of kangaroos and wallabies (superfamily Macropodoidea): implications for hopping performance, safety factor, and elastic savings. J Anat 212:153-163. Doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2007.00841.x
4. Prideaux GJ, Warburton NM (2010) An osteology-based appraisal of the phylogeny and evolution of kangaroos and wallabies (Macropodidae: Marsupialia). Zool J Linn Soc 159:954-987. Doi: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00607.x
5. Kear BP, Cooke BN (2001) A review of macropodoid systematics with the inclusion of a new family. Mem Ass Australas Palaeontologists 25:83-101.
6. Prideaux GJ (2004) Systematics and evolution of the sthenurine kangaroos. Univ of Calif Publ Geol Sci 146:1-623.
7. Meredith RW, Westerman M, Springer MS (2008) A phylogeny and timescale for the living genera of kangaroos and kin (Macropodiformes: Marsupialia) based on nuclear DNA sequences. Aust J Zool 56:395-410. Doi 10.1071/ZO08044
8. Cronin L (2008) Australian Mammals. Jacana NSW: Allen and Unwin. 1-190 p.
9. Prideaux GJ, Long JA, Aycliffe LK, Hellstrom JC, Pillans B, et al. (2007) An arid-adapted middle Pleistocene vertebrate fauna from south-central Australia. Nature 445:422-425. Doi:10.1038/nature05471
10. Flannery TF (2008) Chasing Kangaroos: A Continent, a Scientist, and a - Search for the World's Most Extraordinary Creature. New York: Grove Press. 1-272 p.
11. Kear BP, Lee MSY, Gerdtz WR, Flannery TF (2008) Evolution of hind limb proportions in kangaroos (Marsupialia: Macropodoidea). In: Sargis EJ, Dagosto M, editors. Mammalian Evolutionary Morphology: A Tribute to Fred Szalay. Dordrecht; Springer. pp. 25-35.
12. Wells RT, Tedford RH (1995) Sthenurus (Macropodidae: Marsupialia) from the Pleistocene of Lake Callabonna, South Australia. Bull Am Mus Nat Hist 225:1-111.
13. Cooke BN (1999) Wanburoo hilarus gen. et sp. nov. a lophodont bulungamayine kangaroo (Marsupialia: Macropodoidea: Bulungamayinae) from the Miocene deposits of Riversleigh, northwestern Queensland. Rec West Aust Mus, Supplement 57:239-253.
14. Travouillon KJ, Legendre S, Archer M, Hand SJ (2009) Palaeoecological analyses of Riversleigh's Oligo-Miocene Sites: Implications for Oligo-Miocene climate change in Australia: Palaeogeogr Palaeocl 276:24-37. Doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.02.025.
15. Arena RA, Black KH, Archer M, Hand SJ, Godthelp G, et al. (2014) Reconstructing a Miocene pitfall trap: recognition and interpretation of fossiliferous Cenozoic palaeokarst. Sediment Geol 304:28-43. Doi: org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2014.01.005.
16. Kear BP (2002) Phylogenetic implications of macropodid (Marsupialia: Macropodoidea) postcranial remains from Miocene deposits of Riversleigh, northwestern Queensland. Alcheringa 26:299-318. Doi.org/10.1080/03115510208619259
17. Woodburne M (1967) The Alcoota fauna, central Australia. Australia Bur Min Resources, Bull 87:1-185.
18. Webster KN, Dawson TJ (2004) Is the energetics of mammalian hopping locomotion advantageous in arid environments? Aust Mamm 26:153-160.
19. Baudinette RV, Halpern EA, Hinds DS (1993) Energetic cost of locomotion as a function of ambient temperature and during growth in the marsupial Potorous tridactylus. J Exp Biol 174:81-95.
20. Webster KN, Dawson TJ (2003) Locomotion energetics and gait characteristics of a rat-kangaroo, Bettongia penicillata, have some kangaroo-like features. J Comp Physiol B 173:549-557. Doi 10.1007/s00360-003-0364-6
21. Windsor DE, Dagg AI (1971) The gaits of the Macropodinae (Marsupialia). J Zool Lond 163:165-175.
22. O'Connor SM, Dawson TJ, Kram R, Donelan JM (2014) The kangaroo's tail propels and powers pentapedal locomotion. Biol Lett 10:20140381. Doi: org/10.1098/rsbl.2014.0381
23. Martin R (2005) Tree-Kangaroos of Australia and New Guinea. Collingwood: CSIRO Publishing. 1-58 p.
24. Burk A, Westerman M, Springer M (1998) The phylogenetic position of the musky rat-kangaroo and the evolution of bipedal hopping in kangaroos. Syst Biol 47:457-474.
25. Baudinette RV (1989) The biomechanics and energetics of locomotion in Macropodoidea. In: Grigg G, Jarman P, Hume I, editors. Kangaroo, Wallabies, and Rat-Kangaroos, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. pp. 245-253.
26. Bennett MB (2000) Unifying principles in terrestrial locomotion: do hopping Australian mammals fit in? Physiol Biochem Zool 73:726-735. Doi: 1522-2152/2000/7306-99144$03.00
27. Alexander RMcN, Vernon A (1975) The mechanics of hopping by kangaroos (Macropodidae). J Zool Lond 177:265-303.
28. Dawson TJ, Webster KN (2010) Energetic characteristics of macropodoid locomotion. In: Coulson, Eldridge M, editors. Macropods: The Biology of Kangaroos, Wallabies, and Rat-Kangaroos. Collingwood, VIC: CSIRO Publishing. pp. 99-108
29. Dawson TJ (1983) Monotremes and Marsupials: the Other Mammals. London: Edward Arnold. 1-87 p.
30. Biewener AA (2005) Biomechanical consequences of scaling. J Exp Biol 208:1665-1676. Doi: 10.1242/jeb.01520
31. Bennett MB, Taylor CR (1995) Scaling of elastic strain energy in kangaroos and the benefits of being big. Nature 287:56-59.
32. McGowan CP (2009) Could giant kangaroos hop? Scaling of tendon geometry and skeletal features. Integr Comp Biol 49(1):e1 (meeting abstract).
33. Warburton NM, Harvey KJ, Prideaux GJ, O'Shea JE (2011) Functional morphology of the forelimb of living and extinct tree-kangaroos (Marsupialia: Macropodidae). J Morphol 272:1230-1244. Doi: 10.1002/jmor.10979.
34. Chen X, Milne N, O'Higgins P (2005) Morphological variation of the thoracolumbar vertebrae in Macropodidae and its functional relevance. J Morphol 266:125-255. Doi: 10.1002/jmor.10370
35. Elftman H (1929) Functional adaptations of the pelvis in marsupials. Bull Am Mus Nat Hist 58:189-232.
36. Hopwood PR, Butterfield RM (1976) The musculature of the proximal pelvic limb of the Eastern Grey Kangaroo Macropus major (Shaw) Macropus giganteus (Zimm). J Anat 121:259-277.
37. Hooker JJ (2007) Bipedal browsing adaptations of the unusual Late Eocene - earliest Oligocene tylopod Anoplotherium (Artiodactyla, Mammalia). Zool - J Linn Soc 151:609-659.
38. Warburton NM, Yakovleff M, Malric A (2012) Anatomical adaptations of the hind limb musculature of tree-kangaroos for arboreal locomotion (Marsupialia: Macropodinae). Aust J Zool 60:246-258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ZO12059
39. Hudson PE, Corr SA, Payne-Davis R, Clancy SN, Lane E, et al. (2011) Functional anatomy of the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) hindlimb. J Anat 218:363-374. Doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2010.01310.x
40. Reilly SM, White TD (2003) Hypaxial motor patterns and the function of epipubic bones in primitive mammals. Science 299:400-402.
41. Kappleman J (1988) Morphology and locomotor adaptations of the bovid femur in relation to habitat. J Morphol 198:119-130.
42. Murray PF (1995) The postcranial skeleton of the Miocene kangaroo, Hadronomas puckridgi Woodburne (Marsupiala, Macropodidae). Alcheringa 19:119-170.
43. Aiello L, Dean C (1990) An Introduction to Human Evolutionary Anatomy. London, Academic Press. 1-596 p.
44. Bishop N (1997) Functional anatomy of the macropodid pes. P Linn Soc NSW 117:17-50.
45. Warburton NM, Prideaux GJ (2010) Functional pedal morphology of the extinct tree-kangaroo Bohra (Diprotodontia: Macropodidae). In: Coulson, Eldridge M, editors. Macropods: The Biology of Kangaroos, Wallabies, and Rat-Kangaroos. Collingwood, VIC: CSIRO Publishing. pp. 137-151.
46. Hopwood PR, Butterfield RM (1990) The locomotor apparatus of the crus and pes the Eastern Grey Kangaroo, Macropus giganteus. Aust J Zool 38:397-413.
47. Kear BP, Cooke BN, Archer M, Flannery TF (2007) Implications of a new species of the Oligo-Miocene kangaroo (Marsupialia: Macropodoidea) Nambaroo, from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, Queensland, Australia. J Paleontol 81:1147-1167. Doi: 0022-3360/07/0081-1147$03.00
48. Clifford AB (2010) The evolution of the unguligrade manus in artiodactyls. J Vertebr Paleontol 30:1827-1839. Doi: 10.1080/02724634.2010.521216
49. Janis CM, Theodor JM, Boisvert B (2002) Locomotor evolution in camels revisited: a quantitative analysis of pedal anatomy and the acquisition of the pacing gait. J Vertebr Paleontol 22:110-121.
50. O'Sullivan JA (2008) Evolution of the proximal third phalanx in Oligocene-Miocene equids, and the utility of phalangeal indices in phylogeny reconstruction. In: Sargis EJ, Dagosto M, editors. Mammalian Evolutionary Morphology: A Tribute to Fred Szalay. Dordrecht; Springer. pp. 159-165.
51. Kear BP, Archer M, Flannery TF (2001) Bulungamayine (Marsupialia: Macropodidae) postcranial elements from the late Miocene of Riversleigh, northwestern Queensland. Mem Ass Australas Palaeontologists 25:103-122.
52. Tedford RH (1966) A review of the macropodid genus Sthenurus. Univ of Calif Publ Geol Sci 64:1-71.
53. Clauss M, Lechner-Doll M, Streich WJ (2003) Ruminant diversification as an adaptation to physicomechanical characteristics of forage. A reevaluation of an old debate and a new hypothesis. Oikos 102:253-262.
54. Munn AJ, Streich WJ, Hummel J, Clauss M (2008) Modelling digestive constraints in non-ruminant and ruminant foregut-fermenting mammals. Comp Biochem Physiol A 151:78-84. Doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.06.001
55. Nilsson J, Thorstensson A (2008) Ground reaction forces at different speeds of human walking and running. Acta Physiol Scand 136:217-227. Doi: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.1989.tb08655.x
56. Bassarova M, Janis CM, Archer M (2009) The calcaneum - on the heels of marsupial locomotion. J Mammal E vol 16:1-23. Doi: 10.1007/s10914-008-9093-7
57. Mendoza M, Janis CM, Palmqvist P (2002) Characterizing complex craniodental patterns related to feeding behaviour in ungulates: a multivariate approach. J Zool Lond 258:223-246. Doi: 10.1017/S0952836902001346
58. Figueirido B, Pérez-Claros JA, Torregrosa V, Martín-Serra A, Palmqvist P (2010) "Demythologizing Arctodus simus, the 'short-faced'" and "long-legged" predaceous bear that never was. J Vertebr Paleontol 30:262-275. Doi: 10.1080/02724630903416027
59. Samuels JX, Meachen JA, Sakai SA (2013) Postcranial morphology and the locomotor habits of living and extinct carnivorans. J Morphol 274:121-146. Doi: 10.1002/jmor.20077
60. rd ed. New York: Wiley. 1-656 p.
61. Badoux DM (1965) Some notes on the functional anatomy of Macropus giganteus Zimm. with general remarks on the mechanics of bipedal leaping. Acta Anat 62:418-433.
62. Fleagle JG, Anapol FC (1992) The indriid ischium and the hominid hip. J Human Evol 22:285-305.
63. Sears KE, Bormet K, Rockwell A, Powers LE, Cooper LN, et al. (2011) Developmental basis of mammalian digit reduction: a case study in pigs. Evol Dev 13:533-541. Doi: 10.1111/j.1525-142X.2011.00509.x
64. Sánchez-Villagra MR, Menke PR (2005) The mole's thumb - evolution of the hand skeleton in talpids (Mammalia). Zoology 108:3-12. Doi: 10.1016/j.zool.2004.07.006