Residential levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia in California

Environmental Health Perspectives

Volumn 122, Issue 10, 2014, Pages 1110-1116

  Ward, Mary H ^a   Colt, Joanne S ^a   Deziel, Nicole C ^a   Whitehead, Todd P ^b   Reynolds, Peggy ^c   Gunier, Robert B ^b   Nishioka, Marcia ^d   Dahl, Gary V ^e   Rappaport, Stephen M ^b   Buffler, Patricia A ^b   Metayer, Catherine ^b  

^a NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c Cancer Prevention Institute of California   (United States)

^d BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE   (United States)

^e STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DIPHENYL ETHER DERIVATIVE; DUST; FLAME RETARDANT; POLLUTANT;

ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA; ARTICLE; BREAST FEEDING; CANCER RISK; CHILD; CHILDHOOD LEUKEMIA; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; ETHNICITY; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; HOUSE DUST; HUMAN; INFANT; LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MASS SPECTROMETRY; MATERNAL AGE; POPULATION BASED CASE CONTROL STUDY; UNITED STATES; ANALYSIS; DUST; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; FEMALE; MALE; NEWBORN; POLLUTANT; POLLUTION; PRECURSOR CELL LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA-LYMPHOMA; PRESCHOOL CHILD; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA;

CALIFORNIA; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DUST; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION; FEMALE; FLAME RETARDANTS; HALOGENATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; HUMANS; INFANT; INFANT, NEWBORN; MALE; PRECURSOR CELL LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA-LYMPHOMA;

EID: 84907638032     PISSN: 00916765     EISSN: 15529924     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1307602     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Allen JG, McClean MD, Stapleton HM, Webster TF. 2008. Critical factors in assessing exposure to PBDEs via house dust. Environ Int 34:1085–1091.
2. Bartley K, Metayer C, Selvin S, Ducore J, Buffler P. 2010. Diagnostic X-rays and risk of childhood leukaemia. Int J Epidemiol 39:1628–1637.
3. Birnbaum LS, Cohen Hubal EA. 2006. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers: a case study for using biomonitoring data to address risk assessment questions. Environ Health Perspect 114:1770–1775; doi:10.1289/ehp.9061.
4. Birnbaum LS, Staskal DF. 2004. Brominated flame retardants: cause for concern? Environ Health Perspect 112:9–17; doi:10.1289/ehp.6559.
5. Bradman A, Castorina R, Sjödin A, Fenster L, Jones RS, Harley KG, et al. 2012. Factors associated with serum polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) levels among school-age children in the CHAMACOS cohort. Environ Sci Technol 46:7373–7381.
6. Bradman A, Fenster L, Sjödin A, Jones RS, Patterson DG Jr, Eskenazi B. 2007. Polybrominated diphenyl ether levels in the blood of pregnant women living in an agricultural community in California. Environ Health Perspect 115:71–74; doi:10.1289/ehp.8899.
7. Bradman MA, Harnly ME, Draper W, Seidel S, Teran S, Wakeham D, et al. 1997. Pesticide exposures to children from California’s Central Valley: results of a pilot study. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 7:217–234.
8. Buffler P., Kwan ML, Reynolds P, Urayama KY. 2005. Environmental and genetic risk factors for childhood leukemia: appraising the evidence. Cancer Invest 23:60–75.
9. Coakley JD, Harrad SJ, Goosey E, Ali N, Dirtu A-C, Van den Eede N, et al. 2013. Concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in matched samples of indoor dust and breast milk in New Zealand. Environ Int 59:255–261.
10. Colt JS, Gunier RB, Metayer C, Nishioka MG, Bell EM, Reynolds P, et al. 2008. Household vacuum cleaners vs. the high-volume surface sampler for collection of carpet dust samples in epidemiologic studies of children. Environ Health 7:6; doi:10.1186/1476-069X-7-6.
11. Dunnick JK, Brix A, Cunny H, Vallant M, Shockley KR. 2012. Characterization of polybrominated diphenyl ether toxicity in Wistar Han rats and use of liver microarray data for predicting disease susceptibilities. Toxicol Pathol 40:93–106.
12. Dunnick JK, Nyska A. 2009. Characterization of liver toxicity in F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice after exposure to a flame retardant containing lower molecular weight polybrominated diphenyl ethers. Exp Toxicol Pathol 61:1–12.
13. Eskenazi B, Chevrier J, Rauch SA, Kogut K, Harley KG, Johnson C, et al. 2013. In utero and childhood polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) exposures and neurodevelopment in the CHAMACOS study. Environ Health Perspect 121:257–262; doi:10.1289/ehp.1205597.
14. Fair PA, Stavros HC, Mollenhauer MA, DeWitt JC, Henry N, Kannan K, et al. 2012. Immune function in female B6C3F1 mice is modulated by DE-71, a commercial polybrominated diphenyl ether mixture. J Immunotoxicol 9:96–107.
15. Fowles JR, Fairbrother A, Baecher-Steppan L, Kerkvliet NI. 1994. Immunologic and endocrine effects of the flameretardant pentabromodiphenyl ether (DE-71) in C57BL/6J mice. Toxicology 86:49–61.
16. Greaves MF. 1988. Speculations on the cause of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia 2:120–125.
17. Harrad S, Goosey E, Desborough J, Abdallah MA, Roosens L, Covaci A. 2010. Dust from U.K. primary school classrooms and daycare centers: the significance of dust as a pathway of exposure of young U.K. children to brominated flame retardants and polychlorinated biphenyls. Environ Sci Technol 44:4198–4202.
18. Harrad S, Ibarra C, Diamond M, Melymuk L, Robson M, Douwes J, et al. 2008. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in domestic indoor dust from Canada, New Zealand, United Kingdom and United States. Environ Int 34:232–238.
19. Heilmann C, Budtz-Jørgensen E, Nielsen F, Heinzow B, Weihe P, Grandjean P. 2010. Serum concentrations of antibodies against vaccine toxoids in children exposed perinatally to immunotoxicants. Environ Health Perspect 118:1434–1448; doi:10.1289/ehp.1001975.
20. Herbstman JB, Sjödin A, Kurzon M, Lederman SA, Jones RS, Rauh V, et al. 2010. Prenatal exposure to PBDEs and neurodevelopment. Environ Health Perspect 118:712–719; doi:10.1289/ehp.0901340.
21. LaGuardia MJ, Hale RC. 2006. Detailed polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congener composition of the widely used penta, octa, and deca-PBDE technical flame retardant mixtures. Environ Sci Technol 40:6247–6254.
22. Lanphear BP, Matte TD, Rogers J, Clickner RP, Dietz B, Bornschein RL, et al. 1998. The contribution of leadcontaminated house dust and residential soil to children’s blood lead levels. A pooled analysis of 12 epidemiologic studies. Environ Res 79:51–68.
23. Lauby-Secretan B, Loomis D, Grosse Y, El Ghissassi F, Bouvard V, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, et al. 2013. Carcinogenicity of polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated biphenyls. Lancet Oncol 14:287–288.
24. Leijs MM, Koppe JG, Olie K, van Aalderen WMC, de Voogt P, ten Tusscher GW. 2009. Effects of dioxins, PCBs, and PBDEs on immunology and hematology in adolescents. Environ Sci Technol 43:7946–7951.
25. Lorber M. 2008. Exposure of Americans to polybrominated diphenyl ethers. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 18:2–19.
26. Lubin JH, Colt JS, Camann D, Davis S, Cerhan JR, Severson RK, et al. 2004. Epidemiologic evaluation of measurement data in the presence of detection limits. Environ Health Perspect 112:1691–1696; doi:10.1289/ehp.7199.
27. Lundgren M, Darnerud PO, Blomberg J, Friman G, Ilback NG. 2009. Polybrominated diphenyl ether exposure suppresses cytokines important in the defence to coxsackievirus B3 infection in mice. Toxicol Lett 184:107–113.
28. Main KM, Skakkebaek NE, Virtanen HE, Toppari J. 2010. Genital anomalies in boys and the environment. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 24:279–289.
29. Metayer C, Colt JS, Buffler P., Reed HD, Selvin S, Crouse V, et al. 2013. Exposure to herbicides in house dust and risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 23:363–370.
30. NTP (National Toxicology Program). 1986. Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Decabromodiphenyl Oxide (CAS No. 1163-19-5) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Feed Studies). NTP Technical Report 309. Available: http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/htdocs/lt_rpts/tr309.pdf [accessed 18 August 2014].
31. NTP (National Toxicology Program). 2014. 2,2’4,4’-Tetrabromodiphenyl Ether (DE-47) -M980090. Available: http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/testing/status/agents/ts-m980090.html [accessed 18 August 2014].
32. Park JS, She J, Holden A, Sharp M, Gephart R, Souders- Mason G, et al. 2011. High postnatal exposures to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) via breast milk in California: does BDE-209 transfer to breast milk? Environ Sci Technol 45:4579–4585.
33. Ren M, Peng P, Cai Y, Chen D, Zhou L, Chen P, et al. 2011. PBDD/F impurities in some commercial deca-BDE. Environ Pollut 159:1375–1380.
34. Ries LAG, Melbert D, Krapcho M, Mariotto A, Miller BA, Freuer EJ, et al. 2004. SEER Cancer Statistics Review: 1975–2004. Bethesda, MD:National Cancer Institute. Available: http://seer.cancer.gov/archive/csr/1975_2004/ [accessed 18 August 2014].
35. Rose M, Bennett DH, Bergman A, Fangstrom B, Pessah IN, Hertz-Picciotto I. 2010. PBDEs in 2–5 year-old children from California and associations with diet and indoor environment. Environ Sci Technol 44:2648–2653.
36. Ross JA, Spector LG. 2006. Cancers in children. In: Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention (Schottenfeld D, Fraumeni JF Jr, eds). New York:Oxford University Press, 1251–1268.
37. Roze E, Meijer L, Bakker A, Van Braeckel KN, Sauer PJ, Bos AF. 2009. Prenatal exposure to organohalogens, including brominated flame retardants, influences motor, cognitive, and behavioral performance at school age. Environ Health Perspect 117:1953–1958; doi:10.1289/ehp.0901015.
38. Sjödin A, Wong LY, Jones RS, Park A, Zhang Y, Hodge C, et al. 2008. Serum concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polybrominated biphenyl (PBB) in the United States population: 2003–2004. Environ Sci Technol 42:1377–1384.
39. Söderstrom G, Sellström U, de Wit CA, Tysklind M. 2004. Photolytic debromination of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE 209). Environ Sci Technol 38:127–132.
40. Stapleton HM, Dodder NG. 2008. Photodegradation of decabromodiphenyl ether in house dust by natural sunlight. Environ Toxicol Chem 27:306–312.
41. Stapleton HM, Eagle S, Sjödin A, Webster TF. 2012. Serum PBDEs in a North Carolina toddler cohort: associations with handwipes, house dust, and socioeconomic variables. Environ Health Perspect 120:1049–1054; doi:10.1289/ehp.1104802.
42. Suzuki G, Someya M, Takahashi S, Tanabe S, Sakai S, Takigami H. 2010. Dioxin-like activity in Japanese indoor dusts evaluated by means of in vitro bioassay and instrumental analysis: brominated dibenzofurans are an important contributor. Environ Sci Technol 44:8330–8336.
43. Tulve NS, Suggs JC, McCurdy T, Cohen Hubal EA, Moya J. 2002. Frequency of mouthing behavior in young children. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 12:259–264.
44. Turyk ME, Persky VW, Imm P, Knobeloch L, Chatterton R, Anderson HA. 2008. Hormone disruption by PBDEs in adult male sport fish consumers. Environ Health Perspect 116:1635–1641; doi:10.1289/ehp.11707.
45. U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1996. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) (CASRN 1336-36-3). Available: http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0294.htm [accessed 7 May 2014].
46. U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2008. Toxicological Review of Decabromodiphenyl Ether (BDE-209). EPA 635-R-07-008F. Available: www.epa.gov/ncea/iris/toxreviews/0035tr.pdf [accessed 13 December 2013].
47. U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2012. Technical Fact Sheet—Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) and Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBBs). Available: http://www.epa.gov/fedfac/pdf/technical_fact_sheet_pbde_pbb.pdf [accessed 4 September 2013].
48. U.S. EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2013. Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) Action Plan Summary. Available: http://www.epa.gov/oppt/existingchemicals/pubs/actionplans/pbde.html#action [accessed 13 December 2013].
49. Ward MH, Colt JS, Metayer C, Gunier RB, Lubin J, Crouse V, et al. 2009. Residential exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides and risk of childhood leukemia. Environ Health Perspect 117:1007–1013; doi:10.1289/ehp.0900583.
50. Watkins DJ, McClean MD, Fraser AJ, Weinberg J, Stapleton HM, Sjödin A, et al. 2012. Impact of dust from multiple microenvironments and diet on PentaBDE body burden. Environ Sci Technol 46:1192–1200.
51. Whitehead TP, Brown FR, Metayer C, Park JS, Does M, Petreas MX, et al. 2013. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in residential dust: sources of variability. Environ Int 57–58:11–24; doi:10.1016/j.envint.2013.03.003.
52. Wu N, Herrmann T, Paepke O, Tickner J, Hale R, Harvey LE, et al. 2007. Human exposure to PBDEs: associations of PBDE body burdens with food consumption and house dust concentrations. Environ Sci Technol 41:1584–1589.